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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

population
1. <genetics> A stable group of randomly interbreeding individuals. ... 2. <statistics> The set of objects or individuals from which a random sample is drawn. ... Origin: L. Populatio, from populus = people ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

population characteristics
<epidemiology> Qualities and characterization of various types of populations within a social or geographic group, with emphasis on demography, health status, and socioeconomic factors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

population control
Includes mechanisms or programs which control the numbers of individuals in a population of humans or animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

population density
<epidemiology> Number of individuals in a population relative to space. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

population diffusion coefficient
<cell biology> Coefficient that describes the tendency of a population of motile cells to diffuse through the environment. Its use presupposes that the cells move in a random walk. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

population dynamics
<epidemiology> The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

population genetics
<epidemiology, genetics> The study of genetic influences on the components of cause and effect in the somatic characteristics of populations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

population growth
<epidemiology> Increase, over a specific period of time, in the number of individuals living in a country or region. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

population pyramid
<epidemiology> Graphical representation of the age and sex composition of a population, constructed by computing the percentage distribution of the population in each age and sex class. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

population surveillance
<epidemiology> Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porate
<botany> Of a pollen grain, with rounded apertures only. ... Compare: colporate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

porcelain
<botany> Purslain. ... A fine translucent or semitransculent kind of earthenware, made first in China and Japan, but now also in Europe and America; called also China, or China ware. 'Porcelain, by being pure, is apt to break.' (Dryden) Ivory porcelain, porcelain with a surface like ivory, produced by depolishing. See Depolishing. Porcelain cl …

porcelain gallbladder
<radiology> Calcium incrustation of gallbladder wall, 0.6-0.8% of cholecystectomy patients, 80% female, 10-20% develop gallbladder carcinoma, 90% associated with gallstones findings: nonfunctioning gallbladder on oral cholecystogram, highly echogenic shadowing curvilinear sturucture in the gallbladder fossa (Differential diagnosis: stone-fill …

porcelain inlay
A fused porcelain restoration luted in a cavity prepared in a tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porch
1. A covered and inclosed entrance to a building, whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof. Sometimes the porch is large enough to serve as a covered walk. See also Carriage porch, under Carriage, and Loggia. 'The graceless Helen in the porch I spied Of Ves …

porcine
<zoology> Relating to, affecting, resembling or derived from a pig. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

porcine adenoviruses
An obsolete term for viruses of the genus Mastadenovirus, with four recognised serotypes, which can cause a mild upper respiratory tract disease in swine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine epidemic diarrhoea
A disease of pigs caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus and characterised by acute diarrhoea, with high mortality in piglets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
A coronavirus causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea in pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine graft
A split-thickness graft from a pig, applied to a raw area on a human as a temporary dressing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine herpesvirus 1
A virus causing pseudorabies in swine and many other mammalian species including horses, cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, and cats. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine herpesvirus 2
A virus causing inclusion body rhinitis in pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine parakeratosis
A skin disease of young pigs characterised by a hard, scaly proliferation of the surface layers of the skin. The extremities are commonly affected first, but it may involve the entire body. ... Parakeratosis psoriasiformis, an eruption marked by the presence of thick scales resembling those of psoriasis. ... Parakeratosis pustulosa, idiopathic subung …

porcine parvovirus
A virus causing stillbirths, abortions, foetal deaths, mummifications, and infertility in swine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine polioencephalomyelitis
Synonym for Teschen disease ... Porcine polioencephalomyelitis; a disease of swine caused by porcine enterovirus 1 and resembling human poliomyelitis; it is characterised by stiffness, convulsions, paralysis, and prostration, and is widespread in Europe, with most serious losses occurring in Poland and the Czech Republic and Slovakia. ... Synonym: in …

porcine sarcoma virus
A retrovirus causing sarcoma in swine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcine somatotropin
<protein> A growth hormone found inpigs, injections of or implants containing thishormone cause pigs over 100 pounds to gain more muscle and less fat. ... Previously the hormone was very expensive because it could only be taken from the pituitary glands of slaughtered pigs, but in the early '90s researchers learned how to genetically engineere …

porcine stress syndrome
Synonym for malignant hyperthermia ... A severe form of fever that occurs as a reaction to certain anaesthetic agents and muscle relaxants. Malignant hyperthermia is an inherited autosomal dominant condition. ... Inheritance: autosomal dominant. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

porcine valve
Synonym for tissue valve ... A prosthetic cardiac valve derived from the pig heart, which is preserved and sterilised with glutaraldehyde, and permanently sutured to a shape-retaining artificial strut; in appropriate sizes, it can replace any natural heart valve. ... Synonym: porcine valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porcupine
1. <zoology> Any Old Word rodent of the genus Hystrix, having the back covered with long, sharp, erectile spines or quills, sometimes a foot long. The common species of Europe and Asia (Hystrix cristata) is the best known. ... 2. <zoology> Any species of Erethizon and related genera, native of America. They are related to the true porcup …

porcupine skin
Synonym for epidermolytic hyperkeratosis ... Hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, and reticular degeneration in the upper epidermis. Generalised epidermolytic hyperkeratosis is present in bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Localised epidermolytic hyperkeratosis may be found in epidermal nevi and benign keratoses. ... Synonym: porcupine skin.< …

porencephalia
Synonym for porencephaly ... The occurrence of cavities in the brain substance, communicating usually with the lateral ventricles. ... Synonym: porencephalia, spelencephaly. ... Origin: G. Poros, pore, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porencephalic
Relating to or characterised by porencephaly. ... Synonym: porencephalous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porencephalitis
Chronic inflammation of the brain with the formation of cavities in the organ's substance. ... Origin: G. Poros, pore, + enkephalos, brain, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porencephalous
Synonym for porencephalic ... Relating to or characterised by porencephaly. ... Synonym: porencephalous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porencephaly
The occurrence of cavities in the brain substance, communicating usually with the lateral ventricles. ... Synonym: porencephalia, spelencephaly. ... Origin: G. Poros, pore, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porfiromycin
<chemical> Toxic antibiotic of the mitomycin group, obtained from mitomycin c and also from streptomyces ardus and other species. It is proposed as an antineoplastic agent, with some antibiotic properties. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antineoplastic. ... Chemical name: Azirino(2',3':3,4)pyrrolo(1,2-a)indole-4,7-dione, 6-amino-8-(((a …

Porges method
A method of destroying the capsule of bacteria by heating with N/4 hydrochloric acid and neutralizing with NaOH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Porges-Meier test
An early flocculation test for syphilis; of significance in having introduced as antigens acetone-insoluble, alcohol-soluble fractions of tissue, and lecithin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Porges, Otto
<person> Austrian bacteriologist, *1879. ... See: Porges method, Porges-Meier test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porgy
Origin: See Paugie. ... <zoology> The scup. ... The sailor's choice, or pinfish. ... The margate fish. ... The spadefish. ... Any one of several species of embiotocoids, or surf fishes, of the Pacific coast. The name is also given locally to several other fishes, as the bur fish. ... Alternative forms: porgee, porgie, and paugy. ... Source: Websters …

pori
Plural of porus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

poria
Plural of porion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porin
<protein> Transmembrane matrix proteins (37 kD) found in the outer membranes of gram-positive bacteria. Associate as trimers to form channels (1 nm diameter, ca 10exp5 per bacterium) through which hydrophilic molecules of up to 600D can pass. Similar porins are also found in outer mitochondrial membranes (VDAC, voltage dependent anion selecti …

porins
Protein molecules situated in the outer membrane of bacteria that, in dimeric or trimeric form, constitute a water-filled transmembrane channel allowing passage of ions and other small, relatively non-specific molecules. Porins are also found in mitochondria and plants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

poriomania
<psychiatry> A morbid impulse to wander or journey away from home. ... Origin: G. Poreia, a journey, + mania, frenzy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porism
1. <geometry> A proposition affirming the possibility of finding such conditions as will render a certain determinate problem indeterminate or capable of innumerable solutions. ... 2. <geometry> A corollary. ... Three books of porisms of Euclid have been lost, but several attempts to determine the nature of these propositions and to resto …

pork tapeworm
Known formally as Taenia solium, contracted from undercooked or measly pork (pork infected with the larval forms of the tapeworm). Can grow to be 3-6 feet (0.9-1.8 m) long in the human intestine. Also known as the armed tapeworm and the measly tapeworm. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pornolagnia
Sexual attraction toward prostitutes. ... Origin: G. Porne, prostitute, + lagneia, lust ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

poro-
1. A pore, a duct, an opening. ... Origin: G. Poros (L. Porus), passageway ... 2. A doing through, a passing through. ... Origin: G. Poreia, a journey, passage ... 3. A callus; an induration. ... Origin: G. Poros, a kind of marble, a stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porocele
An obsolete term for a hernia with indurated coverings. ... Origin: G. Poros, callus, + kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porocephaliasis
Infection with a species of the tongue worms Porocephalus. ... Synonym: porocephalosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Porocephalidae
A family of parasitic tongue worms (order Porocephalida, phylum Pentastomida) characterised by four hooks arranged in a curved line on either side of the mouth. Adults are found in the lungs of reptiles, and larvae or nymphs are found in the tissues of a great variety of vertebrates, including humans. ... See: Linguatulidae, Armillifer, Linguatula.< …

porocephalosis
Synonym for porocephaliasis ... Infection with a species of the tongue worms Porocephalus. ... Synonym: porocephalosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Porocephalus
A genus of tongue worms of the family Porocephalidae, of which the adult worms or larvae cause porocephaliasis in a number of animal species including humans. ... Origin: G. Poros, pore, + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Porocephalus armillatus
armillifer armillatus ...

poroconidium
In fungi, a conidium produced through the microscopic pore of the condidiophore. ... Synonym: porospore. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porokeratosis
A rare, chronic, progressive autosomal dominant disorder seen most often in males and usually appearing in early childhood. It is characterised by the formation of slightly atrophic patches surrounded by an elevated, keratotic border. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

poroma
1. Induration following a phlegmon. ... 2. A tumour of cells lining the skin openings of sweat glands. ... Synonym: callosity, exostosis. ... Origin: G. Poroma, callus, fr. Poros, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porosis
A porous condition. ... Synonym: porosity. ... Origin: L. Porosus, porous ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porosity
Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porospore
Synonym for poroconidium ... In fungi, a conidium produced through the microscopic pore of the condidiophore. ... Synonym: porospore. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porous disk
<chemistry> A disk in a tube connecting two different solutions in a voltaic cell that allows ion flow without extensive mixing of the solutions, similar to a salt bridge. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

porphin
<protein> A cyclic tetrapyrrole in which the four pyrrole groups are linked by their alpha-carbon atoms via methene (-CH=) bridges, porphin is the partial compund of porphyrins. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

porphine
The unsubstituted cyclic tetrapyrrole nucleus that is the basis of the porphyrins. ... See: porphyrins. ... Compare: chlorin, phorbin, corrin. ... Synonym: porphyrin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphobilin
General term denoting intermediates between the monopyrrole, porphobilinogen, and the cyclic tetrapyrrole of haem (a porphin derivative). ... See: bilin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphobilinogen
<chemical> Chemical name: 1H-Pyrrole-3-propanoic acid, 5-(aminomethyl)-4-(carboxymethyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphobilinogen oxygenase
<enzyme> Porphobilinogen is converted to 5-oxo-porphobilinogen ... Registry number: EC 1.13.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

porphobilinogen synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of porphobilinogen from two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic acid. ... Chemical name: 5-Aminolevulinate hydro-lyase (adding 5-aminolevulinate and cyclizing) ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.24 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphobilinogen synthase porphyria
Synonym for d-aminolevulinate dehydratase porphyria ... An inherited disorder in which there is a deficiency of porphobilinogen synthase; d-aminolevulinate levels are elevated, leading to neurological disturbances. ... Synonym: porphobilinogen synthase porphyria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphobilinogenase
<enzyme> A combination of uroporphyrinogen I synthase and uroporphyrinogen isomerase which catalyses the formation of uroporphyrinogen III from porphobilinogen; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line and index medicus search ammonia-lyases (75-84) ... Registry number: EC 5.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

porphyria
A pathological state in man and some lower animals that is often due to genetic factors, is characterised by abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism and results in the excretion of large quantities of porphyrins in the urine and in extreme sensitivity to light. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

porphyria cutanea tarda
A form of hepatic porphyria (porphyria, hepatic) characterised by photosensitivity resulting in bullae that rupture easily to form shallow ulcers. This condition occurs in two forms: a sporadic, nonfamilial form that begins in middle age and has normal amounts of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase with diminished activity in the liver; and a familial f …

porphyria cutanea tarda hereditaria
Synonym for porphyria cutanea tarda ... A form of hepatic porphyria (porphyria, hepatic) characterised by photosensitivity resulting in bullae that rupture easily to form shallow ulcers. This condition occurs in two forms: a sporadic, nonfamilial form that begins in middle age and has normal amounts of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase with diminished …

porphyria hepatica
Synonym for hepatic porphyria ... A category of porphyria that includes porphyria cutanea tarda, variegate porphyria, and coproporphyria. ... Synonym: porphyria hepatica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphyria, acute intermittent
A form of hepatic porphyria (porphyria, hepatic) characterised by periodic attacks of gastrointestinal disturbances, abdominal colic, paralyses, and psychiatric disorders. The onset of this condition is usually in the third or fourth decade of life. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphyria, erythrohepatic
A form of porphyria characterised by a wide range of photocutaneous changes, liver disease, and an excess of protoporphyrin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphyria, erythropoietic
Autosomal recessive porphyria characterised by splenomegaly, photosensitivity, haemolytic anaemia, and the appearance of red urine in early infancy. This condition results from increased synthesis of uroporphyrinogen I relative to uroporphyrinogen III in bone marrow normoblasts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphyria, hepatic
Porphyria in which the liver is the site where excess formation of porphyrin or its precursors is found. Porphyria, acute intermittent and porphyria cutanea tarda are types of hepatic porphyria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphyrin
<protein> Porphyrins are pigments found in both animal and plant life. They are all chelates with metals (Fe, Mg, Co, Zn, Cu, Ni) and constituents of haemoglobin, chlorophyll, cytochromes. ... Increased levels of coproporphyrins can indicate congenital erythropoietic porphyria or sideroblastic anaemia. Increased protoporphyrins may be seen in …

porphyrin cytochrome c peroxidase
<enzyme> From yeast; haem group of cytochrome c peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.5) replaced by protoporphyrin ix ... Registry number: EC 1.11.1.- ... Synonym: pcc-peroxidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

porphyrinogen carboxy-lyase
<enzyme> Consider uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase ... Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

porphyrinogens
Colourless reduced precursors of porphyrins in which the pyrrole rings are linked by methylene (-ch2-) bridges. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphyrinopathy
A syndrome which results from abnormal porphyrin metabolism such as acute porphyria. ... Synonym: porphyrism. ... Origin: porphyrin + G. Pathos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphyrins
A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridges in a cyclic configuration to which a variety of side chains are attached. The nature of the side chain is indicated by a prefix, as uroporphyrin, haematoporphyrin, etc. The porphyrins, in combination with iron, form the haem component in biologica …

porphyrinuria
Excretion of porphyrins and related compounds in the urine. ... Synonym: porphyruria, purpurinuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphyrism
Synonym for porphyrinopathy ... A syndrome which results from abnormal porphyrin metabolism such as acute porphyria. ... Synonym: porphyrism. ... Origin: porphyrin + G. Pathos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphyrization
Grinding in a mortar (formerly on a slab of porphyry). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphyromonas
A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, nonsporeforming, nonmotile rods or coccobacilli. Organisms in this genus had originally been classified as members of the bacteroides genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings indicated the need to separate them from other bacteroides species, and hence, this new genus was created. ... (12 Dec 1998 …

porphyromonas gingivalis
A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the bacteroides genus. This bacterium produces a cell-bound, oxygen-sensitive collagenase and is isolated from the human mouth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

porphyruria
Synonym for porphyrinuria ... Excretion of porphyrins and related compounds in the urine. ... Synonym: porphyruria, purpurinuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porphyry
Origin: F. Porphyre, L. Porphyrites, fr. Gr. Like purple, fr. Purple. See Purple. ... <geology> A term used somewhat loosely to designate a rock consisting of a fine-grained base (usually feldspathic) through which crystals, as of feldspar or quartz, are disseminated. There are red, purple, and green varieties, which are highly esteemed as mar …

porpita
<zoology> A genus of bright-coloured Siphonophora found floating in the warmer parts of the ocean. The individuals are round and disk-shaped, with a large zooid in the center of the under side, surrounded by smaller nutritive and reproductive zooids, and by slender dactylozooids near the margin. The disk contains a central float, or pneumatoc …

porpoise
1. <zoology> Any small cetacean of the genus Phocaena, especially P. Communis, or P. Phocaena, of Europe, and the closely allied American species (P. Americana). The colour is dusky or blackish above, paler beneath. They are closely allied to the dolphins, but have a shorter snout. ... Synonym: harbor porpoise, herring hag, puffing pig, and sn …

porpoises
Mammals of the family phocoenidae comprising four genera and six species found in the north pacific ocean and both sides of the north atlantic ocean and in various other seas. They differ from dolphins in that porpoises have a blunt snout and a rather stocky body while dolphins have a beaklike snout and a slender, streamlined body. They usually tra …

porrigo
An obsolete term for any disease of the scalp; e.g., ringworm, favus, eczema. ... Origin: L. Scurf, dandruff ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porrigo decalvans
An obsolete term for alopecia areata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porrigo furfurans
Synonym for tinea tonsurans ... Tinea capitis or tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans; characterised by small plaques and fewer broken off hairs than in tinea capitis caused by other species. ... Synonym: porrigo furfurans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

porrigo larvalis
Eczema of the scalp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Porro hysterectomy
Synonym for cesarean hysterectomy ... <procedure> Cesarean section followed by hysterectomy. ... Synonym: Porro hysterectomy, Porro operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...