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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

polyergic
Capable of acting in several different ways. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Ergon, work ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyester resin
Resin in which the polymers are insoluble in most organic solvents and are polymerised by light, heat, or oxygen; used in electron microscopy as a tissue embedding medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyesters
Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can be cured into hard plastic, films or tapes, or fibres which can be woven into fabrics, meshes or velours. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyesthesia
A disorder of sensation in which a single touch or other stimulus is felt as several. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyestradiol phosphate
An estradiol phosphate polymer, used as a long-acting oestrogen for treatment of prostatic carcinoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyestrous
Having two or more estrous cycles in a mating season. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyethylene glycol
<chemical> A hydrophilic polymer that interacts with cell membranes and promotes fusion of cells to produce viable hybrids. Often used in producing hybridomas. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyethylene glycol dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Catalyses the first step in polyethylene glycol metabolism in bacteria ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyethylene glycol-uricase
<chemical> Uricase covalently attached to polyethylene glycol, modifying 71% of amino groups and retaining 11% of activity without eliciting antibody response in mice or man; used for lowering serum uric acid ... Synonym: peg-uricase, methoxypolyethylene glycol uricase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyethylene glycols
<chemical> Alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyls). Additional polymers of ethylene oxide and water and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid, depending on the molecular weight, indicated by a number following the name. Used as surfactants in industry, including foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutics; in biomedici …

polyethylene terephthalates
Polyester polymers formed from terephthalic acid or its esters and ethylene glycol. They can be formed into tapes, films or pulled into fibres that are pressed into meshes or woven into fabrics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyethyleneglycol-asparaginase
<chemical> Covalent attachment of peg to enzyme produces active, stable complex; non-immunogenic; used in treatment of leukaemia ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent ... Synonym: peg-asparaginase, pegaspargase, oncaspar ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyethyleneimine
<chemical> Strongly cationic polymer that binds to certain proteins; used as a marker in immunology, to precipitate and purify enzymes and lipids. ... Synonym: aziridine polymer; epamine; epomine; ethylenimine polymer; montrek; pei; polymin(e). ... Chemical name: Aziridine, homopolymer ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyethylenes
Ethylene homopolymers. Synthetic thermoplastics that are tough, flexible, inert, and resistant to chemicals and electrical current. They are often used as biocompatible materials for prostheses and implants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyfructose
Synonym for fructosan ... A polysaccharide of fructose (e.g., inulin) containing small amounts of other sugars; present in certain tubers. ... Synonym: levan, levulan, levulin, levulosan, polyfructose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polygalaceous
Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Polygalaceae) of which Polygala is the type. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

polygalactia
Excessive secretion of breast milk, especially at the weaning period. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Gala, milk ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polygalacturonan
Plant cell wall polysaccharide consisting predominantly of galacturonic acid. May also contain some rhamnose, arabinose and galactose. Those with significant amounts of rhamnose are termed rhamnogalacturonans. Found in the pectin fraction of the wall. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polygalacturonase
<enzyme> Enzyme that degrades polygalacturonan by hydrolysis of the glycosidic bonds that link galacturonic acid residues. Important in fruit ripening and in fungal and bacterial attack on plants. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polygamodioecious
Having bisexual and male flowers on some plants, and bisexual and female flowers on others. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polygamomonoecious
Having bisexual and unisexual flowers on the same plant. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polygamous
1. Of or pertaining to polygamy; characterised by, or involving, polygamy; having a plurality of wives; as, polygamous marriages; opposed to monogamous. ... 2. <zoology> Pairing with more than one female. 'Most deer, cattle, and sheep are polygamous.' (Darwin) ... 3. <botany> Belonging to the Polygamia; bearing both hermaphrodite and unis …

polygamy
1. The having of a plurality of wives or husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a man to more than one woman, or the practice of having several wives, at the same time; opposed to monogamy; as, the nations of the East practiced polygamy. See the Note under Bigamy, and cf. Polyandry. ... 2. <zoology> The state or habit of having mo …

polyganglionic
Containing or involving many ganglia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polygeline
<chemical> A 3.5 per cent colloidal solution containing urea- cross-linked polymerised peptides. It has a molecular weight of approximately 35,000 and is prepared from gelatin and electrolytes. The polymeric solution is used as a plasma expander. ... Pharmacological action: plasma substitutes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polygene
One of many genes that contribute to the phenotypic value of a measurable phenotype. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polygenes
Many genes. Eye colour is polygenically controlled. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polygenic
<genetics> Pertaining to the combined action of alleles of more than one gene. Height is an example of a polygenic trait, as are predispositions to different types of heart disease. ... Origin: Gr. Gennan = to produce ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

polygenic diseases
Genetic disorders that are caused by the combined action of more than one gene. Examples of polygenic conditions include hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and peptic ulcers. Because such disorders depend on the simultaneous presence of several genes, they are not inherited as simply as single-gene diseases. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polygenic disorder
<genetics> Genetic disorders resulting from the combined action of alleles of more thanone gene (for example, heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers). Although such disorders are inherited, they depend on the simultaneous presence of several alleles, thus the hereditary patterns are usually more complex than those of single-gene disorders. …

polygenic disorders
Genetic disorders resulting from the combined action of alleles of more than one gene (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers). Although such disorders are inherited, they depend on the simultaneous presence of several alleles, thus the hereditary patterns are usually more complex than those of single- gene disorders. ... Compare single-gen …

polygenic inheritance
Synonym for galtonian inheritance ... Inheritance in which a measurable phenotype is generated by many loci, the contributions of which are statistically independent, additive, and of about equal value. (The latter are in accordance with the classical central limit therein and justify the use of the multivariate normal distribution in galtonian gene …

polyglactin 910
<chemical> 2-hydroxy-propanoic acid polymer with polymerised hydroxyacetic acid, which forms 3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-dione polymer with 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione copolymer with molecular weight about 80,000 daltons. Synthetic, absorbable surgical suture material and mesh fabric; used especially in ophthalmic surgery. ... Chemical name: Propanoic …

polyglandular
Synonym for pluriglandular ... Denoting several glands or their secretions. ... Synonym: multiglandular, polyglandular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyglutamic acid
<chemical> A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid. ... Chemical name: L-Glutamic acid, homopolymer ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyglutamyl synthetase
<enzyme> Requires ATP and mg++, but no tRNA ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... Synonym: polyglutamyl synthetase complex ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyglycerol phosphate polymerase
<enzyme> Involved in biosynthesis of teichoic acids ... Registry number: EC 2.7.8.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyglycolic acid
<chemical> Poly(oxy(1-oxo-1,2-ethanediyl)). A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material. ... Chemical name: Poly(oxy(1-oxo-1,2-ethanediyl)) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polygnathus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the parasite is attached to the jaw of the autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Gnathos, jaw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polygon
<geometry> A plane figure having many angles, and consequently many sides; especially, one whose perimeter consists of more than four sides; any figure having many angles. ... <mechanics> Polygon of forces, a polygonal figure, the sides of which, taken successively, represent, in length and direction, several forces acting simultaneously …

polygonaceae
The only family of the buckwheat order of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It has 40 genera of herbs, shrubs, and trees. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polygynae
<zoology> A form of insect social behaviour where there are many reproducing female members in a nest, hive, or group. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polygyny
<botany> Describes the condition of a plant whose flowers have several pistils or styles. ... <psychology> Describes the practice of a man having several wives at once. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

polygyria
Condition in which the brain has an excessive number of convolutions. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Gyros, circle, gyre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhedral
Having many sides or facets. ... Origin: G. Polyedros, many-sided, fr. Poly-+ G. Hedra, seat, facet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhedral body
An inclusion body associated with replication of certain insect viruses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhexoses
Synonym for hexosans ... Polysaccharides with the general formula (C6H10O5)x which, on hydrolysis, yield hexoses; included are glucosans (glucans), mannans, galactans, and fructosans (fructans). ... Synonym: polyhexoses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhidrosis
Synonym for hyperhidrosis ... Excessive perspiration. Also called hyperidrosis, polyhidrosis and polyidrosis. ... Origin: Gr. Hidrosis = sweating ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyhybrid
The offspring of parents differing from each other in more than three characters. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhydramnios
<radiology> Idiopathic (60%), maternal (20%), diabetes, Rh incompatibility (foetal hydrops), foetal (20%), neural tube defect, GI obstruction (proximal to ileum), cardiac, dwarfism, placental chorioangioma see also: oligohydramnios ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyhydric
Containing more than one hydroxyl group, as in polyhydric alcohols (glycerol, C3H5(OH)3) or polyhydric acids (o-phosphoric acid, OP(OH)3). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate
<chemical> Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). A biocompatible, hydrophilic, inert gel that is permeable to tissue fluids. It is used as an embedding medium for microscopy, as a coating for implants and prostheses, for contact lenses, as microspheres in adsorption research, etc. ... Chemical name: 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-hydroxyethyl est …

polyhypermenorrhoea
Frequen t and excessive menstruation. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Hyper, above, + men, month, + rhoia, flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyhypomenorrhoea
Frequent but scanty menstruation. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Hypo, below, + men, month, + rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyidrosis
Synonym for hyperhidrosis ... Excessive perspiration. Also called hyperidrosis, polyhidrosis and polyidrosis. ... Origin: Gr. Hidrosis = sweating ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyisoprenes
Synonym for polyterpenes ... Acyclic polymers containing a large number of isoprene subunits, usually unsaturated. ... Synonym: polyisoprenes, polyisoprenoids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyisoprenoids
Synonym for polyterpenes ... Acyclic polymers containing a large number of isoprene subunits, usually unsaturated. ... Synonym: polyisoprenes, polyisoprenoids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyisoprenyl phosphate sugars
Compounds functioning as activated glycosyl carriers in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and glycophospholipids. They include the polyisoprenyl pyrophosphates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyisoprenyl phosphates
Phosphoric or pyrophosphoric acid esters of polyisoprenoids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyisoprenylation
Synonym for geranoylation ... The geranoyl group is a linear sequence of 2 isoprene residues. The term geranoyl geranoyl is used for the common unit of 4 residues. ... See: polyisoprenylation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polykaryocyte
A cell containing many nuclei, such as the osteoclast. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Karyon, kernel, + kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyketide beta-ketoacylsynthase
<enzyme> A component of polyketide synthase complex; mapped by analogy with fatty acid synthetase complex. ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- ... Synonym: pks beta-ketoacyl synthase, acti gene product, actinorhodin polyketide synthase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyketide synthase
<chemical> A group of enzymes functionally and structurally resembling the fatty acid synthase complex of microorganisms which produce the benzoisochromane quinone moiety of granaticin and other antibiotic; genbank y10438 (fkba) ... Chemical name: synthetase, polyketide ... Synonym: 6-deoxyerythronolide b synthase, 6-deoxyerythronolide-b syntha …

polyketide synthase ketoreductase
<enzyme> A component of the polyketide synthase; mapped by analogy with fatty acid synthetase complex. ... Registry number: EC 1.1.- ... Synonym: pks ketoreductase, actiii gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polylactosamines
A class of glycoproteins containing repeating lactosamine units in their oligosaccharide components; the I/i blood group substances belong to this class. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyleptic
Denoting a disease occurring in many paroxysms, e.g., malaria, epilepsy. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Lepsis, a seizing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyleptic fever
A fever occurring in two or more paroxysms; e.g., smallpox, relapsing fever, intermittent fever. ... Compare: monoleptic fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polylinker
<molecular biology> A short DNA sequence containing several restriction enzyme recognition sites that is contained in cloning vectors. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

polylogia
Continuous and often incoherent speech. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Logos, word ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polylysine
<biochemistry> A polymer of lysine, it carries multiple positive charges and is used to mediate adhesion of living cells to synthetic culture substrates or of fixed cells to glass slides (for observation by fluorescence microscopy, for example). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polymannuronic acid depolymerase
<enzyme> From mucoid strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patient with cystic fibrosis ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polymastia
In humans, a condition in which more than two breasts are present. ... Synonym: hypermastia, multimammae, pleomastia, pleomazia, polymazia. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Mastos, breast ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymastigote
A mastigote having several grouped flagella. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Mastix, a whip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymazia
Synonym: polymastia. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Mazos, breast ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymegethism
A greater than normal variation in the size of the cells of the human corneal endothelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymelia
A developmental defect in which there are supernumerary limbs or parts of limbs. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Melos, limb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymenophorea
A class of ciliate protozoa characterised by a well-developed, conspicuous adoral zone of numerous buccal or peristomial organelles, often extending out onto the body surface. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polymenorrhoea
Occurrence of menstrual cycles of greater than usual frequency. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Men, month, + rhoia, flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymer
<chemistry> A macromolecule made of repeating (monomer) units or protomers. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polymer fume fever
An occupational disease marked by fever, pain in the chest, and cough caused by the inhalation of fumes given off by a plastic, polytetrafluorethylene, when heated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase
<enzyme> Enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of nucleic acids on preexisting nucleic acid templates, assembling RNA from ribonucleotides or DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

polymerase a
Synonym for polymerase alpha ... A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the nucleus that function in chromosome replication. ... Synonym: polymerase a. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase alpha
A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the nucleus that function in chromosome replication. ... Synonym: polymerase a. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase b
Synonym for polymerase beta ... A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the nucleus that do not have a role in replication but may function in DNA repair. ... Synonym: polymerase b. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase beta
A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the nucleus that do not have a role in replication but may function in DNA repair. ... Synonym: polymerase b. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase chain reaction
<molecular biology, technique> The first practical system for in vitro amplification of DNA and as such one of the most important recent developments in molecular biology. ... Two synthetic oligonucleotide primers, which are complementary to two regions of the target DNA (one for each strand) to be amplified, are added to the target DNA (that …

polymerase g
Synonym for polymerase gamma ... A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the mitochondria responsible for replication of the mitochondrial genome. ... Synonym: polymerase g. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase gamma
A class of mammalian DNA polymerases in the mitochondria responsible for replication of the mitochondrial genome. ... Synonym: polymerase g. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase, DNA
Enzyme that catalyses (speeds) the polymerization of DNA. DNA polymerase uses preexisting nucleic acid templates and assembles the DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polymerase, DNA or RNA
Enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of nucleic acids on pre-existing nucleic acid templates, assembling RNA from ribonucleotides or DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerase, RNA
Enzyme that catalyses (speeds) the polymerization of RNA. Rna polymerase uses preexisting nucleic acid templates and assembles the RNA from ribonucleotides. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polymeria
Condition characterised by an excessive number of parts, limbs, or organs of the body. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Meros, part ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymeric
<chemistry> Having the same percentage composition (that is, having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight), but different molecular weights; often used with with; thus, cyanic acid (CNOH), fulminic acid (C2N2O2H2), and cyanuric acid (C3N3O3H3), are polymeric with each other. ... The figures expressing the number of atoms of …

polymerid
An obsolete synonym for polymer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerisation
The process of polymer formation. In many cases this requires nucleation and will only occur above a certain critical concentration. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polymerise
To bring about polymerization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymerize
<chemistry> To cause polymerization of; to produce polymers from; to increase the molecular weight of, without changing the atomic proportions; thus, certain acids polymerize aldehyde. ... <chemistry> To change into another substance having the same atomic proportions, but a higher molecular weight; to undergo polymerization; thus, aldeh …

polymers
Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., polypeptides, proteins, plastics). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polymetacarpalia
Congenital anomaly characterised by the presence of supernumerary metacarpal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polymetatarsalia
Polymetatarsalism ... Congenital anomaly characterised by the presence of supernumerary metatarsal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...