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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

polypodia
Presence of supernumerary feet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypodial
Adjective describing an amoeba with several pseudopods. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polypoid adenoma
Synonym for adenomatous polyp ... A polyp that consists of benign neoplastic tissue derived from glandular epithelium. ... Synonym: cellular polyp, polypoid adenoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypoid gallbladder lesions
<radiology> Cholesterol polyp, adenoma, papilloma (usually less than 1 cm, may be premalignant), carcinoma, metastasis, adenomyomatosis, tumefactive sludge, inflammatory polyp ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyporaceae
A class of basidiomycetous fungi, order aphyllophorales, living in decaying plant matter and timber. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyporous
Synonym: cribriform. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Poros, pore ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyporus
Origin: NL, fr. Gr. Many + a pore. ... <botany> A genus of fungi having the under surface full of minute pores; also, any fungus of this genus. ... Polyporus fomentarius was formerly dried and cut in slices for tinder, called amadou. P. Betulinus is common in America, and forms very large thick white semicircular excrescences on birch trees. Se …

polyposia
Rarely used term for sustained, excessive consumption of liquids. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Posis, drinking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyposis
Presence of several polyps. ... Origin: polyp + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyposis coli
Hereditary disorder (Mendelian dominant) characterised by the development of hundreds of adenomatous polyps in the large intestine, which show a tendency to progress to malignancy. The APC gene has also been implicated in a chromosome 5 gastric and pancreatic cancer. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyposis syndromes
<radiology> Inher. Malig. Type familial polyposis coli dom and adenoma Gardner syndrome dom and Turcot syndrome rec CNS Peutz-Jeghers syndrome dom (+) hamartoma Cowden syndrome dom ? juvenile polyposis coli (?) - juvenile Cronkhite-Canada syndrome ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polypotome
An instrument used for cutting away a polyp. ... Origin: polyp + G. Tomos, cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypotrite
An instrument for crushing polyps. ... Origin: polyp + L. Tero, pp. Tritus, to rub ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypous
Pertaining to, manifesting the gross features of, or characterised by the presence of a polyp or polyps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypous endocarditis
Bacterial endocarditis with the formation of pedunculated masses of fibrin, or thrombi, attached to the ulcerated valves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypous gastritis
A form of chronic gastritis, in which there is irregular atrophy of the mucous membrane with cystic glands giving rise to a knobby or polypous appearance of the surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypragmasy
Administration of many different remedies at the same time. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Pragma, a thing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyprenol kinase
<enzyme> Used ficaprenol as substrate ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: polyisoprenol kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyprenol reductase
<enzyme> Involved in dolichol biosynthesis ... Registry number: EC 1.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polyprenols
Acyclic polyisoprene alcohols. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polypropylenes
Propylene or propene polymers. Thermoplastics that can be extruded into fibres, films or solid forms; used as copolymer in plastics, especially polyethylene; the fibres are used for fabrics, filters, surgical sutures, etc. ... Synonym: herculon; hostalen; moplen; noblen; polypro; prolene. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyprotein
<protein> Protein that, after synthesis, is cleaved to produce several functionally distinct polypeptides. Some viruses produce such proteins and some polypeptide hormones seem to be cleaved from a single precursor polyprotein (pro opimelanocortin, for example). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyps
A general descriptive term used with reference to any mass of tissue that bulges or projects outward or upward from the normal surface level, thereby being macroscopically visible as a hemispheroidal, spheroidal, or irregular moundlike structure growing from a relatively broad base or a slender stalk. Classically applied to a growth on the mucous m …

polypsis of the colon
Multiple polyps with a high malignant potential in large bowel. This hereditary condition is also known as polypsis coli and familial adenomatous polyposis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyptychial
Folded or arranged so as to form more than one layer. ... Origin: G. Polyptychos, having many folds or layers, fr. Poly-+ ptyche, fold or layer ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyradiculitis
Synonym for polyradiculopathy ... Diffuse root involvement; seen with, among other disorders, diabetic neuropathy (diabetic polyradiculopathy). ... Synonym: polyradiculitis. ... Diabetic polyradiculopathy, an inclusive term for several types of diabetic neuropathy other than a polyneuropathy; includes diabetic amyotrophy and diabetic thoracic radiculo …

polyradiculomyopathy
Coexisting polyradiculopathy and myopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyradiculoneuritis
Inflammation of many nerve roots and peripheral nerves. Guillain-barre syndrome is the commonest form. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyradiculoneuropathy
Coexisting polyradiculopathy and polyneuropathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyradiculopathy
Diffuse root involvement; seen with, among other disorders, diabetic neuropathy (diabetic polyradiculopathy). ... Synonym: polyradiculitis. ... Diabetic polyradiculopathy, an inclusive term for several types of diabetic neuropathy other than a polyneuropathy; includes diabetic amyotrophy and diabetic thoracic radiculopathy; attributed to diabetes-ind …

polyribonucleotides
A group of 13 or more ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyribosome
<cell biology> Functional unit of protein synthesis consisting of several ribosomes attached along the length of a single molecule of mRNA. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyribosomes
A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA (RNA, messenger). They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyrrhoea
Profuse discharge of serous or other fluid. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysaccharide
<biochemistry> Polymers of (arbitrarily) more than about ten monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically in branched or unbranched chains. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polysaccharide deacetylase
<enzyme> Involved in bacteriophage penetration of bacteria ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polysaccharide pyruvyltransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses the pyruvylation of capsular polysaccharides; phosphoenolpyruvate is donor at the lipid-bound saccharide stage of various bacterial polysaccharides ... Registry number: EC 2.2.1.- ... Synonym: capsular polysaccharide pyruvyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polysaccharide sulfate esters
Sulfate esters of polysaccharides often found in cell walls. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysaccharide-lyases
<enzyme> A group of carbon-oxygen lyases. These enzymes catalyze the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond in polysaccharides leading to an unsaturated product and the elimination of an alcohol. ... Registry number: EC 4.2.2. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polysaccharides, bacterial
Polysaccharides found in bacteria and especially bacterial capsules. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyscelia
A form of polymelia involving the presence of more than two legs. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Skelos, leg ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyserositis
Chronic inflammation with effusions in several serous cavities resulting in fibrous thickening of the serosa and constrictive pericarditis. ... Synonym: Bamberger's disease, Concato's disease, multiple serositis. ... Origin: poly-+ L. Serum, serum, + G. -itis, inflammation ... Familial paroxysmal polyserositis, transient recurring attacks of abdominal …

polysialic acid
Potential regulator of cell cell interactions. Polysialic acid chains in glycoproteins, for example when covalently associated with NCAM, have negative regulatory effects on cell cell contact. The low PSA form of NCAM is thought to promote cell cell contact and enhance fasiculation whereas NCAM with a high PSA content is thought to prevent close me …

polysialic acid depolymerase
<enzyme> From E coli bacteriophage phi92; depolymerises colominic acid (alpha-neuac-(2-8))n; an endosialidase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: colominic acid depolymerase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polysialic acid O-acetyltransferase
<enzyme> Preferentiallly acetylates high molecular weight polymers of sialic acid of E coli capsular polysaccharide ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.136 ... Synonym: polysialosyl acetyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polysinusitis
Simultaneous inflammation of two or more sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysome
Synonym for polyribosome ... <cell biology> Functional unit of protein synthesis consisting of several ribosomes attached along the length of a single molecule of mRNA. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polysomes
Synonym for polyribosomes ... A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA (RNA, messenger). They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polysomia
Foetal malformation involving two or more imperfect and partially fused bodies. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysomic
Pertaining to or characterised by polysomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysomnogram
The recorded physiologic function(s) obtained in polysomnography. ... Origin: poly-+ L. Somnus, sleep, + G. Gramma, diagram ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysomnography
Simultaneous and continuous monitoring of relevant normal and abnormal physiological activity during sleep. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polysomy
Situation in which all chromosomes are present and some are present in greater than the diploid number, for example: trisomy 21. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polysorbate 80
Polyoxethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate;a mixture of polyoxethylene ethers of mixed partial oleic esters of sorbitol anhydrides; used as an emulsifier, as in the preparation of pharmacologic products. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysorbates
<chemical> Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals. ... Pharmacological action: excipient, surface-active agent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polyspermia
Polyspermism ... Synonym: polyspermy. ... 2. An abnormally profuse spermatic secretion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyspermy
Penetration of more than one spermatozoon into an ovum at time of fertilization. Occurs as normal event in very yolky eggs (e.g. Bird), but then only one sperm fuses with egg nucleus. Many other eggs have mechanisms to block polyspermy. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Polysphondylium
<botany> A genus of Acrasidae, the cellular slime moulds. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polysplenia
A condition in which splenic tissue is divided into nearly equal masses or totally absent; congenital heart disease and lung symmetry are common. The condition may be related to situs inversus. Most cases are sporadic. ... See: bilateral left-sidedness. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Splen, spleen ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysplenia syndrome
Synonym for bilateral left-sidedness ... A syndrome in which normally unpaired organs develop more symmetrically in mirror image; two spleens, one on each side, are usually present, and cardiovascular anomalies are common. ... Synonym: polysplenia syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysteraxic
Denoting behaviour characterised by its socially provocative quality. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polystichia
Arrangement of the eyelashes in two or more rows. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Stichos, row ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polystyrenes
Ethenyl-benzene homopolymer. Polymerised styrene; a clear, hard plastic used as biocompatible material, especially in dentistry; in industry as insulator, for injection molding and casting; as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads; also copolymerised with other materials, including elastomers. ... Synonym: dylene; polystyrene rubber; polystyro …

polysulfide reductase
<enzyme> From wollinella succinogenes; enzyme is a component of the phosphorylative electon transport system with polysulfide as the terminal acceptor; polysulfide is formed chemically from elemental sulfur and sulfide which is produced by the growing bacteria ... Registry number: EC 1.8.99.- ... Synonym: sulfur reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

polysulfide rubber
Synthetic rubber used as a dental impression material. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysuspensoid
A colloid system of solid phases having different degrees of dispersion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysymbrachydactyly
Malformation of the hand or foot in which the shortened digits are syndactylous and polydactylous. ... Origin: poly-+ symbrachydactyly ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysynaptic
Referring to neural pathways formed by a chain of a large number of synaptically connected nerve cells, as distinguished from oligosynaptic conduction systems. ... Synonym: multisynaptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polysyndactyly
Syndactyly of several fingers or toes. There are several forms: a simple one and one with skull defects. There is also a recessive kind associated with cardiac defects . ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytendinitis
Inflammation of several tendons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytene
A giant chromosome which is composed of thousands of copies of DNA parallel to one another instead of the usual one copy of DNA per chromosome. They are found in the salivary glands of insects, in certain protozoans, and in flowering plants. As found in the larvae of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, they are useful to geneticists because all …

polytene chromosome
<cell biology> Giant chromosomes produced by the successive replication of homologous pairs of chromosomes, joined together (synapsed) without chromosome separation or nuclear division. They thus consist of many up to 1000) identical chromosomes (strictly chromatids) running parallel and in strict register. The chromosomes remain visible duri …

polytenisation
A process where many copies of a set of chromosomes are made without separating the copies from one another. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polytenization
The process of polytene formation without separation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyteny
The state where a cell contains polytene chromosomes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polyterpenes
Acyclic polymers containing a large number of isoprene subunits, usually unsaturated. ... Synonym: polyisoprenes, polyisoprenoids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytetrafluoroethylene
<chemical> Homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene. Nonflammable, tough, inert plastic tubing or sheeting; used to line vessels, insulate, protect or lubricate apparatus; also as filter, coating for surgical implants or as prosthetic material. ... Synonym: fluoroflex; fluoroplast; ftoroplast; halon; polyfene; ptfe; tetron. ... Chemical name: Ethene, …

polythelia
Presence of supernumerary nipples, either on the breast or elsewhere on the body. ... Synonym: hyperthelia. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Thele, nipple ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytherapy
A therapy which uses more than one drug. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polythiazide
<chemical> A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide. ... Pharmacological action: antihypertensive agents, diuretics, thiazide. ... Chemical name: 2H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-3-(((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thio)methyl)-, 1,1-dioxide ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

polytomography
Body section radiography using a machine designed to effect complex motion; images a thinner tissue plane compared to simple linear or circular tomography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytrichia
Excessive hairiness. ... Synonym: polytrichosis. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Thrix (trich-), hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytrichosis
Synonym for polytrichia ... Excessive hairiness. ... Synonym: polytrichosis. ... Origin: poly-+ G. Thrix (trich-), hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytrophic
Exhibiting an attraction, trophism, for multiple organs; usually used for a virus which affects multiple organ systems. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polytypic
Containing more than one taxon of the next lower rank. ... Compare: monotypic. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polyunguia
Synonym: polyonychia. ... Origin: poly-+ L. Unguis, nail ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyunsaturated fat
A fat that contains more thanone carbon-carbon double bond. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

polyurethanes
A group of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers containing polyisocyanate; they may be hard and glossy forms; drawn into fibres; elastomeric or rubbery and flexible, or rigid foams. Used as rubber, for coatings, as fibres and foams; also used complexed in other polymers. ... Synonym: ostamer; spandex; urethane rubber (or elastomer). ... (12 Dec 19 …

polyuria
<symptom> The passage of a large volume of urine in a given period, a characteristic of diabetes. ... Origin: Gr. Ouron = urine ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyuria test
Synonym for Albarran's test ... A test for renal insufficiency wherein the drinking of large quantities of water will cause a proportionate increase in the volume of urine if the kidneys are sound, but not if the epithelium of the secreting tubules is damaged. ... Synonym: polyuria test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyuridylic acid
<biochemistry, molecular biology> Homopolymer of uridylic acid. Historically, was used as an artificial mRNA in cell free translation systems, where it coded for polyphenylalanine, thus began the deciphering of the genetic code. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyuronides
Polymers of uronic acids (e.g., glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid); the pectins are polyuronides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyvalent
<chemistry> Having more than one valence. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

polyvalent allergy
Allergic response manifested simultaneously for several or numerous specific allergens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyvalent antiserum
See: antiserum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyvalent serum
An antiserum obtained by inoculating an animal with several different antigens or species or strains of bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyvalent vaccine
A vaccine prepared from cultures of two or more strains of the same species or microorganism. ... Synonym: multivalent vaccine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyvidone
Synonym for povidone ... <chemical> 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer. A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicle for pharmaceuticals; also used as blood volume expander. ... Pharmacological action: pharmaceutic aid, plasma substitutes. ... Chemical name: 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, …

polyvinyl
Referring to a compound containing a number of vinyl groups in polymerised form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

polyvinyl alcohol
<chemical> Ethenol homopolymer. A polymer prepared from polyvinyl acetates by replacement of the acetate groups with hydroxyl groups. It is used as a pharmaceutic aid and ophthalmic lubricant as well as in the manufacture of surface coatings artificial sponges, cosmetics, and other products. ... Chemical name: Ethenol, homopolymer ... (12 Dec 1 …