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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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ppd test<dermatology, investigation> A simple skin test used to detect prior exposure to tuberculosis. PPD is injected under the skin of the forearm. After 48 to 72 hours, the injection site will exhibit a red, hard bump if a person has been infected with tuberculosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
PPi<abbreviation> Inorganic pyrophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
PPIase<enzyme> That accelerate protein folding by catalysing cis trans isomerisations. Immunophilins are PPIases though their enzymic activity may not be essential for their immunosuppressive effects. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
PPLO<abbreviation> Pleuropneumonia-like organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ppm<abbreviation> Parts per million. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
PPM-1 beta-lactamase<enzyme> From a cefuroxime-resistant strain of proteus mirabilis ... Registry number: EC 3.5.2.- ... Synonym: beta-lactamase fpm-1, fujisawa proteus mirabilis oxyiminocephalosporinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
PPO<abbreviation> 2,5-diphenyloxazole, a liquid scintillator; preferred provider organization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
PPPPPPA mnemonic of 6 P's designating the symptom complex of acute arterial occlusion. ... Origin: pain, pallor, paraesthesia, pulselessness, paralysis, prostration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
PPRibp<abbreviation> 5-phospho-alpha-d-ribosyl 1-pyrophosphate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ppu21IM methyltransferase<enzyme> Recognises the sequence 5'-pyacgtpu-3'; from pseudomonas; has been sequenced ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: ppu21im gene product, m.ppu21i, ppu21i mtase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
PQ<abbreviation> Plastoquinone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
PQ-9<abbreviation> Plastoquinone-9. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Pr<plant biology> The form of phytochrome that absorbs light in the red region (660 nm) and is thus converted to Pfr. In the dark the equilibrium between Pr and Pfr favours Pr, which is therefore more abundant. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
pr statusProgesterone Receptor Status of tumourous tissue. As with ER, this may have distinct implications with respect to potential hormonal therapies. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
Pr1 serine protease<enzyme> Isolated from verticillium chalmydosporium ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
PRA<abbreviation> Plasma renin activity; phosphoribosylamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
practicable1. That may be practiced or performed; capable of being done or accomplished with available means or resources; feasible; as, a practicable method; a practicable aim; a practicable good. ... 2. Capable of being used; passable; as, a practicable weapon; a practicable road. Practicable breach, a breach which admits of approach and entrance by an assai …
practical1. Of or pertaining to practice or action. ... 2. Capable of being turned to use or account; useful, in distinction from ideal or theoretical; as, practical chemistry. 'Man's practical understanding.' . 'For all practical purposes.' . ... 3. Evincing practice or skill; capable of applying knowledge to some useful end; as, a practical man; a practical …
practical anatomyAnatomy studied by means of dissection. ... See: gross anatomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
practical nurseA graduate of a specific educational program that prepares the individual for a career in nursing with less responsibility than a graduate or registered nurse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
practical unitsUnit's of magnitudes convenient for use in the practical applications of electricity; as originally defined they were absolute unit's (multiples of CGS electromagnetic unit's); they include the ampere, coulomb, farad, henry, joule, ohm, volt, and watt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
practically1. In a practical way; not theoretically; really; as, to look at things practically; practically worthless. ... 2. By means of practice or use; by experience or experiment; as, practically wise or skillful; practically acquainted with a subject. ... 3. In practice or use; as, a medicine practically safe; theoretically wrong, but practically right. …
practice1. Frequently repeated or customary action; habitual performance; a succession of acts of a similar kind; usage; habit; custom; as, the practice of rising early; the practice of making regular entries of accounts; the practice of daily exercise. ... 2. Customary or constant use; state of being used. 'Obsolete words may be revived when they are more …
practice guidelineA set of directions or principles to assist the health care practitioner with patient care decisions about appropriate diagnostic, therapeutic, or other clinical procedures for specific clinical circumstances. ... Practice guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, organizations such as professional societies or g …
practolol<chemical> A beta-adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic beta-antagonists, anti-arrhythmia agents, sympatholytics. ... Chemical name: Acetamide, N-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-((1-methylethyl)amino)propoxy)phenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
prader-willi syndrome<syndrome> A condition in children with floppiness (hypotonia), obesity, small hands and feet and mental retardation. It is due to loss of part or all of chromosome 15, specifcally the chromosome 15 from the father. The fat and red-faced boy in a state of somnolency described by charles dickens in his novel the pickwick papers is thought by s …
Prader, Andrea<person> Swiss paediatrician, *1919. ... See: Prader-Willi syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
praemorseAppearing bitten off at the end. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
praetextaOrigin: L. (sc. Toga), fr. Praetextus, p. P. Of praetexere to weave before, to fringe, border; prae = before + texere to weave. ... A white robe with a purple border, worn by a Roman boy before he was entitled to wear the toga virilis, or until about the completion of his fourteenth year, and by girls until their marriage. It was also worn by magist …
pragmatagnosiaRarely used term for loss of the power of recognizing objects. ... Origin: G. Pragma (pragmat-), thing done, a deed, fr. Prasso, to do, + agnosia, ignorance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pragmatamnesiaRarely used term for loss of the memory of the appearance of objects. ... Origin: G. Pragma, a thing done, + amnesia, forgetfulness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pragmaticsA branch of semiotics; the theory that deals with the relation between signs and their users, both senders and receivers. ... Origin: G. Pragmatikos, fr. Pragma, thing done ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pragmatismA philosophy emphasizing practical applications and consequences of beliefs and theories, that the meaning of ideas or things is determined by the testability of the idea in real life. ... Origin: G. Pragma (pragmat-), thing done ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Prague manoeuvreAn obsolete term for a technique for delivery of the foetus in breech position when the foetal occiput is posterior; one hand of the operator delivers the shoulders, while making pressure over the symphysis pubis with the other hand. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Prague pelvisSynonym for spondylolisthetic pelvis ... A pelvis whose brim is more or less occluded by a forward dislocation of the body of the lower lumbar vertebra. ... Synonym: Prague pelvis, Rokitansky's pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
prairie1. An extensive tract of level or rolling land, destitute of trees, covered with coarse grass, and usually characterised by a deep, fertile soil. They abound throughout the Mississippi valley, between the Alleghanies and the Rocky mountains. 'From the forests and the prairies, From the great lakes of the northland.' (Longfellow) ... 2. A meadow or t …
prairie conjunctivitisAn obsolete term for a chronic conjunctivitis, characterised by the presence of small white spots on the palpebral conjunctiva, especially of the lower lid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
prairie itchPruritus of varied origin, affecting farm laborers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
praise1. Commendation for worth; approval expressed; honor rendered because of excellence or worth; laudation; approbation. 'There are men who always confound the praise of goodness with the practice.' (Rambler) ... Praise may be expressed by an individual, and thus differs from fame, renown, and celebrity, which are always the expression of the approbati …
prajmaline<chemical> 17r,21 alpha-dihydroxy-4-propylajmalinium. A derivative of the rauwolfia alkaloid ajmaline. It is an anti-arrhythmia agent, but may cause liver damage. ... Pharmacological action: anti-arrhythmia agents. ... Chemical name: Ajmalanium, 17,21-dihydroxy-4-propyl-, (17R,21alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
pralidoxime chloride2-Formyl-1-methylpyridinium chloride oxime;used to restore the inactivated cholinesterase activity resulting from organophosphate poisoning; has some limited value as an antagonist of the carbamate type of cholinesterase inhibitors that are used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Dizziness, blurred vision, drowsiness, nausea, tachycardia, and m …
pralidoxime compoundsVarious salts of a quaternary ammonium oxime that reconstitute inactivated acetylcholinesterase, especially at the neuromuscular junction, and may cause neuromuscular blockade. They are used as antidotes to organophosphorus poisoning as chlorides, iodides, methanesulfonates (mesylates), or other salts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
pramoxine hydrochloride4-[3-(p-Butoxyphenoxy)propyl]morpholine hydrochloride;a nonester, nonamide local anaesthetic for dermal and rectal use. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
prance1. To spring or bound, as a horse in high mettle. 'Now rule thy prancing steed.' (Gay) ... 2. To ride on a prancing horse; to ride in an ostentatious manner. 'The insulting tyrant prancing o'er the field.' (Addison) ... 3. To walk or strut about in a pompous, showy manner, or with warlike parade. ... Origin: OE. Prauncen; probably akin to prank, v. T. …
prandialRelating to a meal. ... Origin: L. Prandium, breakfast ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
prangos<botany> A genus of umbelliferous plants, one species of which (P. Pabularia), found in Thibet, Cashmere, Afghanistan, etc, has been used as fodder for cattle. It has decompound leaves with very long narrow divisions, and a highly fragrant smell resembling that of new clover hay. ... Origin: From the native name in Afghanistan. ... Source: Webs …
prankTo adorn in a showy manner; to dress or equip ostentatiously; often followed by up; as, to prank up the body. See Prink. 'In sumptuous tire she joyed herself to prank.' (Spenser) ... Origin: Cf. E. Prink, also G. Prangen, prunken, to shine, to make a show, Dan. Prange, prunke, Sw. Prunka, D. Pronken. ... To make ostentatious show. 'White houses prank …
praseolite<chemical> A variety of altered iolite of a green colour and greasy luster. ... (30 Mar 1998) ...
prasterone<chemical> (3 beta)-3-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one. A naturally occurring androgen isolated from urine. ... Chemical name: Androst-5-en-17-one, 3-hydroxy-, (3beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
PrattJoseph H., U.S. Physician, 1872-1956. ... See: Pratt's symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Pratt dilatorsCylindrical metal rods of graduated sizes used to dilate the cervical canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Pratt's symptomRigidity in the muscles of an injured limb, which precedes the occurrence of gangrene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
PrausnitzOtto Carl, German hygienist, 1876-1963. ... See: Prausnitz-Kustner antibody, Prausnitz-Kustner reaction, reversed Prausnitz-Kustner reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Prausnitz-Kustner antibodyOne of the IgE class of antibody's first demonstrated by Prausnitz and Kustner by passive transfer to the skin. ... See: homocytotropic antibody. ... Synonym: atopic reagin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Prausnitz-Kustner reactionA test for the presence of immediate hypersensitivity in humans; test serum from an atopic individual is injected intradermally into a normal subject; the normal subject is challenged 24-48 hours later with the antigen suspected of causing the immediate hypersensitivity reaction in the atopic individual. ... Synonym: P-K test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pravastatin<chemical> An antilipaemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of hmg CoA reductase (hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductases). ... Pharmacological action: anticholesteraemic agents, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors. ... Chemical name: 1-Naphthaleneheptanoic acid, 1,2,6 …
pravastatin sodiumAntihyperlipoproteinaemic. An HMG-Co reductase inhibitor resembling lovastatin and simvastatin, which inhibits cholesterol formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
prawn<zoology> Any one of numerous species of large shrimplike Crustacea having slender legs and long antennae. They mostly belong to the genera Pandalus, Palaemon, Palaemonetes, and Peneus, and are much used as food. The common English prawn in Palaemon serratus. ... The name is often applied to any large shrimp. ... Origin: OE. Prane, of unknown o …
praxiologyThe science or study of behaviour; it excludes the study of consciousness and similiar non-objective metaphysical concepts. ... Origin: G. Praxis, action, + logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
praxisThe performance of an action. ... Origin: G. Praxis, action ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
praying<zoology> From Pray, Praying insect, locust, or mantis, a mantis, especially Mantis religiosa. See Mantis. Praying machine, or Praying wheel, a wheel on which prayers are pasted by Buddhist priests, who then put the wheel in rapid revolution. Each turn in supposed to have the efficacy of an oral repetition of all the prayers on the wheel. Som …
prazepam<chemical> A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. ... Pharmacological action: anti-anxiety agents, gaba modulators. ... Chemical name: 2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
praziquantel<chemical> 2-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4h-pyrazino(2,1-a)isoquinolin-4-one. An anthelmintic used in most schistosome and many cestode infestations. It may be given orally, parenterally or by nasal spray. ... Pharmacological action: antiplatyhelmintic agents. ... Chemical name: 4H-Pyrazino(2,1-a)isoquinolin-4-one, 2-(cyclohexy …
prazosin<drug> Antagonist of alpha adrenergic receptors. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
prazosin hydrochloride1-(4-Amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furoyl)piperazine monohydrochloride;an antihypertensive agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pre-Anterior; before (in time or space). ... See: ante-, pro-. ... Origin: L. Prae ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pre-B lymphocyteAn early B-lymphoid type cell that is recognised by immunofluorescence as a u-positive, L-chain-negative bone marrow cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pre-embryo<embryology> A fertilized egg in the early stage of development prior to cell division. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...
pre-excitation syndromesConditions characterised by activation of the whole or some part of the ventricle by the atrial impulse earlier than would be expected if the impulse reached the ventricle by way of the normal specific conduction system only. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
pre-excitation, mahaim-typeA form of pre-excitation characterised by a normal pr interval and a long qrs interval with a delta wave. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
pre-oedipal phaseIn psychoanalysis, the collective phase's of psychosexual development preceding the oedipal phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pre-ribosomal RNA endoribonuclease<enzyme> Substrate is pre-rrna ... Registry number: EC 3.1.26.- ... Synonym: pre-rrna endoribonuclease ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
pre-Rolandic arterySynonym for precentral sulcal artery ... <anatomy, artery> A branch of the terminal part of the middle cerebral artery distributed to the cortex on either side of the precentral sulcus. ... Synonym: arteria sulci precentralis, artery of precentral sulcus, pre-Rolandic artery, precentral artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
pre-steady stateThose conditions and the time interval prior to establishment of steady state. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preacher1. One who preaches; one who discourses publicly on religious subjects. 'How shall they hear without a preacher?' (Rom. X. 14) ... 2. One who inculcates anything with earnestness. 'No preacher is listened to but Time. ... <zoology>' (Swift) Preacher bird, a toucan. ... Origin: Cf. OF. Preeschierre, prescheur, F. Precheur, L. Praedicator. ... Sour …
preagonalImmediately preceding death. ... Origin: pre-+ G. Agon, struggle (agony) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
prealbuminA tetrameric protein, molecular weight between 50,000 and 70,000, consisting of 4 equal chains, and migrating on electrophoresis in 3 fractions more mobile than serum albumin. Its concentration ranges from 7 to 33 per cent in the serum, but levels decrease in liver disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
preanalAnterior to the anus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preanestheticBefore anaesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preanesthetic medicationDrugs administered prior to an anaesthetic to decrease anxiety and to obtain a smoother induction of, maintenance of, and emergence from anaesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preantisepticDenoting the period, especially in relation to surgery, before the adoption of the principles of antisepsis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preasepticDenoting the period, especially the early antiseptic period in relation to surgery, before the principles of asepsis were known or adopted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preauricularAnterior to the auricle of the ear; denoting lymphatic nodes so situated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preauricular grooveA groove on the pelvic surface of the ilium just lateral to the auricular surface; it is more pronounced in the female. ... Synonym: paraglenoid groove, paraglenoid sulcus, preauricular sulcus, sulcus paraglenoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preauricular pointA point of the posterior root of the zygomatic arch lying immediately in front of the upper end of the tragus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preauricular sulcusSynonym for preauricular groove ... A groove on the pelvic surface of the ilium just lateral to the auricular surface; it is more pronounced in the female. ... Synonym: paraglenoid groove, paraglenoid sulcus, preauricular sulcus, sulcus paraglenoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preauricular tagCommon minor anomaly, a rudimentary tag of ear tissue, often containing a core cartilage, usually located just in front of the ear (auricle). Therefore also called preauricular tag. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
preautomatic pauseA temporary pause in cardiac activity before an automatic pacemaker escapes. ... See: escape. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
preaxillary lineSynonym for anterior axillary line ... A vertical line extending inferiorly from the anterior axillary fold. ... Synonym: linea axillaris anterior, linea preaxillaris, preaxillary line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precalciferolThe immediate precursor of ergocalciferol and lumisterol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precancerA lesion from which a malignant neoplasm is believed to develop in a significant number of instances, and which may or may not be recognizable clinically or by microscopic changes in the affected tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precancerous<pathology> In a very early stage of cancer development and abnormal changes occur in tissue as a pre-determinant for possible future malignancy. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...
precancerous conditionsPathological processes that tend eventually to become malignant. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
precancerous lesionA noninvasive lesion with a predictable likelihood of becoming malignant; e.g., actinic keratosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precancerous melanosis of DubreuilhAn obsolete term for lentigo maligna. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precapillaryPreceding a capillary;an arteriole or venule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precapillary anastomosisAn anastomosis between arterioles just before they become capillaries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precapillary pulmonary hypertension<radiology> Vascular: increased flow (left to right shunts), decreased flow (tetralogy of Fallot), primary pulmonary hypertension, thromboembolic disease, pulmonary arteritides, Pleuropulmonary: emphysema, diffuse lung disease, fibrothorax, chest deformity, hypoventilation, high-altitude pulmonary hypertension ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
precardiacAnterior to the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
precardinalRelating to the anterior cardinal veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
