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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

octanoic acid
Synonym for caprylic acid ... CH3(CH2)6COOH;a fatty acid found among the hydrolysis products of fat in butter, coconut oil, and other substances. ... Synonym: octanoic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octanols
Isomeric forms and derivatives of octanol (c8h17oh). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

octanoyl-CoA synthetase
Synonym for butyrate-CoA ligase ... Fatty acid thiokinase (medium chain), a ligase forming acyl-CoA's from medium-chain fatty acids and CoA with the conversion of ATP to AMP and PPi. A key step in activation of fatty acids. ... Synonym: acyl-activating enzyme, butyryl-CoA synthetase, octanoyl-CoA synthetase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octant
1. <geometry> The eighth part of a circle; an arc of 45 degrees. ... 2. <astronomy> The position or aspect of a heavenly body, as the moon or a planet, when half way between conjunction, or opposition, and quadrature, or distant from another body 45 degrees. ... 3. An instrument for measuring angles (generally called a quadrant), having a …

octapeptide
A peptide made up of eight amino acid residues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octaploidy
See: polyploidy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase
<enzyme> E. Coli enzyme catalyses the condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with farnesyl pyrophosphate to yield octaprenyl pyrophosphate ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... Synonym: octaprenyl diphosphate synthase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

octapressin
Synonym for felypressin ... <chemical> Synthetic analog of lypressin with more vasoconstrictor than antidiuretic action. It is used as a haemostatic. ... Pharmacological action: haemostatics, renal agents, vasoconstrictor agents. ... Chemical name: Vasopressin, 2-L-phenylalanine-8-L-lysine- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

octavus
Synonym: vestibulocochlear nerve. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octi-
See: oct-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octo-
See: oct-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octogynia
<botany> A Linnaean order of plants having eight pistils. ... Origin: NL, from Gr. Eight + a woman, female. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

Octomitidae
A family in the protozoan class Zoomastigophorea; flagellates with six to eight flagella arranged in pairs and a body that is bilaterally symmetric; it includes the common human intestinal parasite G. Lamblia. ... Origin: octo-+ G. Mitos, thread ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Octomitus hominis
Pentatrichomonas hominis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octopamine
<hormone> A biogenic amine found in both vertebrates and invertebrates (identified first in the salivary gland of Octopus). Octopamine can have properties both of a hormone and a neurotransmitter and acts as an adrenergic agonist. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

octopine oxidase
<enzyme> Catalyses oxidative cleavage of octopine into l-arginine and pyruvate; no required cofactors; activity requires ooxa and ooxb gene products; isolated from agrobacterium tumefaciens ... Registry number: EC 1.5.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

octopine permease
<chemical> ... Chemical name: permease, octopine ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

octose
A sugar containing eight carbon atoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octoxynol
<chemical> Alpha-(octylphenyl)-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl). Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Octoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide. ... Pharmacologic …

octreotide
<chemical> D-phenylalanyl-l-cysteinyl-l-phenylalanyl-d-tryptophyl-l-lysyl-l-threonyl-n-(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl)-l-cysteinamide cyclic (2-7)-disulfide. A potent, long-acting somatostatin octapeptide analog which has a wide range of physiological actions. It inhibits growth hormone secretion, is effective in the treatment of hormone- …

octulose
An eight-carbon monoketose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octulosonic acid
The -onic acid formally formed by oxidation of carbon atom 1 of octulose to a carboxylic acid group; a condensation product of d-arabinose and phosphoenolpyruvate analogous to neuraminic acid. It forms part of the repeating unit of the polysaccharides of the complex lipopolysaccharides of the Enterobacteriaceae constituting the characteristic somat …

octyl gallate
Octyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate;an antioxidant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

octyl glucoside
<chemical> A biological detergent characterised by its ease of removal from hydrophobic proteins. Used to solubilise membrane proteins. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol
Mono-p-isooctyl phenyl ether of polyethylene glycol; a surface-active (wetting) agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular
1. Of, pertaining to or affecting the eye. ... 2. Eyepiece. ... Origin: L. Ocularis, from oculus = eye ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ocular albinism
The absence of pigment chiefly in the iris, choroid, and retinal pigment epithelium with deafness; X-linked inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular bobbing
Sudden conjugate downward deviation of the eyes with a slow return to the normal position; seen in some comatose patients who have bilateral hemisphere lesions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular cone
The cone of light in the interior of the eyeball with the base formed by the rays entering through the pupil and the apex focused on the retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular crisis
Sudden and severe pain in the eyes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular cup
Synonym for optic cup ... The double-walled cup formed by the invagination of the embryonic optic vesicle; its inner component becomes the sensory layer of the retina, its outer layer, the pigment layer. ... Synonym: caliculus ophthalmicus, ocular cup. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular dysmetria
Abnormality of ocular movements in which the eyes overshoot on attempting to fixate an object. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular flutter
A spontaneous, brief, intermittent, horizontal oscillation of the eyes occurring during fixation; it often coexists with ocular dysmetria in cerebellar syndromes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular humor
One of the two humor's of the eye: aqueous and vitreous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular hypertelorism
<clinical sign, ophthalmology> Extreme width between the eyes, mental retardation may be associated. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

ocular hypertension
A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ocular hypotension
Abnormally low intraocular pressure often related to chronic inflammation (uveitis). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ocular larva migrans
Visceral larva migrans involving the eyes, primarily of older children; clinical symptoms include decreased visual acuity and strabismus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular lens
Synonym for eye lens ... <physics> The lens nearest the eye in any ocular. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

ocular lymphomatosis
See: avian lymphomatosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular micrometer
A glass disk that fits in a microscope eyepiece and that has a ruled scale; when calibrated with a slide micrometer, direct measurements of a microscopic object can be made. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular migraine
Vasospastic infarction of tissue in or about the eye during an otherwise typical migraine; a form of complicated migraine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular motility disorders
Disorders of eye movement resulting from malfunction of the sensory-motor mechanism of the eye which leads to faulty alignment of the eyes and/or visual impairment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ocular motor
Relating to or causing movements of the eyeball. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular motor apraxia
A congenital inability to initiate horizontal saccades. Children with this condition often use head thrusts to move their eyes to the left and right. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular muscles
Synonym for extraocular muscles ... The voluntary muscles which control eye movement ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ocular myiasis
Invasion of the conjunctival sac or eyeball by larvae of flies, e.g., Hypoderma bovis, H. Lineata, Sarcophaga, or Gasterophilus intestinalis. ... Synonym: ophthalmomyiasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular myopathy
Synonym for chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia ... A specific type of slowly worsening weakness of the ocular muscles, usually associated with a pigmentary retinopathy. ... See: Kearns-Sayre syndrome, oculopharyngeal dystrophy. ... Synonym: ocular myopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular nystagmus
The pendular or, rarely, jerky nystagmus seen in severely reduced vision. ... Synonym: amaurotic nystagmus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular onchocerciasis
Ocular complications, such as keratitis, iridocyclitis, or retrobulbar neuritis, caused by the microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus. ... Synonym: river blindness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular paralysis
Paralysis of extraocular and intraocular muscles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular pemphigoid
A conjunctivitis with transient small vesicles, a viscid ropy discharge, symblepharon, xerosis, and trichiasis, eventually becoming bilateral. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular physiology
Functions and activities of the eye as a whole or of any of its parts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ocular prosthesis
An artificial eye or implant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular rigidity
The resistance offered by the eyeball to a change in intraocular volume; manifested as a change in intraocular pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular scoliosis
Scoliosis supposed to be due to head tilting, caused by ophthalmological dysfunction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular sparganosis
Infestation of the orbits with the sparganum of Spirometra mansoni; characterised by redness and oedema of the eyelids, lacrimation, and blepharoptosis; acquired by application of infected raw frog flesh against the eye as a poultice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular tension
Resistance of the tunics of the eye to deformation; it can be estimated digitally or measured by means of a tonometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular torticollis
Torticollis incident to paralysis of an extraocular muscle, especially an oblique muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular vertigo
Dizziness attributed to refractive errors or imbalance of the extrinsic muscles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocular vesicle
Synonym for ophthalmic vesicle ... In the embryo, one of the paired evaginations from the ventrolateral walls of the forebrain from which the sensory and pigment layers of the retina develop. ... Synonym: vesicula ophthalmica, ocular vesicle, optic vesicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ocularist
One skilled in the design, fabrication, and fitting of artificial eyes and the making of prostheses associated with the appearance or function of the eyes. ... Origin: L. Oculus, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculentum
Synonym: ophthalmic ointment. ... Origin: Mod. L., fr. L. Oculus, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculi
Plural of oculus. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculo-
The eye, ocular. ... See: ophthalmo-. ... Origin: L. Oculus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculoauriculovertebral
Relating to the eyes, ears, and vertebrae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia
A syndrome characterised by epibulbar dermoids, preauricular appendages, micrognathia, and vertebral and other anomalies. ... Synonym: Goldenhar's syndrome, OAV syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculobuccogenital syndrome
Synonym for Behcet's syndrome ... <syndrome> A multisystem, chronic recurrent disease characterised by ulceration in the mouth and genitalia, iritis, uveitis, arthritis and thrombophlebitis. Often treated with immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, chlorambucil). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

oculocardiac
Relating to the eyes and heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculocardiac reflex
A decrease in pulse rate associated with traction on extraocular muscles or compression of the eyeball; especially sensitive in children; may produce asystolic cardiac arrest. ... Synonym: Aschner's phenomenon, Aschner's reflex, Aschner-Dagnini reflex, oculovagal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculocephalic reflex
Synonym for oculocephalogyric reflex ... Turning of the eyes and head toward the source of an auditory, visual, or other form of stimulation. ... Synonym: oculocephalic reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculocephalogyric reflex
Turning of the eyes and head toward the source of an auditory, visual, or other form of stimulation. ... Synonym: oculocephalic reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculocerebrorenal
Relating to the eyes, brain, and kidneys. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculocerebrorenal syndrome
<syndrome> Autosomal recessive syndrome in which ocular signs include cataracts and glaucoma. The central nervous system defects are manifested by mental retardation and hypotonia, and the renal abnormalities consist of tubular and later, glomerular insufficiency. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

oculocutaneous
Relating to the eyes and the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculocutaneous albinism
An autosomal recessive deficiency of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes; in the tyrosinase negative type, there is an absence of tyrosinase; in the tyrosinase positive type, there is normal tyrosinase which cannot enter pigment cells; it is transmitted by an autosomal recessive inheritance. The compound heterozygote is normal so the two forms are not …

oculocutaneous syndrome
Synonym for Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome ... <syndrome> Bilateral uveitis with iritis and glaucoma, premature graying of the hair, and alopecia, vitiligo, and dysacusia; related to Harada's syndrome and sympathetic ophthalmia. ... Synonym: oculocutaneous syndrome, uveocutaneous syndrome. ... Origin: Cecile and Oscar Vogt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculodentodigital
Relating to the eyes, teeth, and fingers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculodentodigital dysplasia
Microphthalmia, coloboma, or anomalies of the iris associated with malformed and malpositioned teeth and with anomalies of the fingers including syndactyly, campylodactyly, or absent phalanges; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculodermal
Relating to the eyes and skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculodermal melanosis
Pigmentation of the conjunctiva and skin around the eye, usually unilateral; seen especially in women of Oriental races. ... Synonym: Ota's nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculodynia
Pain in the eyeball. ... Synonym: ophthalmalgia. ... Origin: ophthalmo-+ G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculoencephalic angiomatosis
An incomplete autosomal dominant form of Sturge-Weber syndrome, consisting of angiomas of the choroid and meninges only. ... Telangiectatic angiomatosis, disseminated capillary and venous vascular malformations of the cerebral hemispheres and leptomeninges, occurring in Sturge-Weber syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculofacial
Relating to the eyes and the face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculography
A method of recording eye position and movements. ... Origin: oculo-+ G. Graphe, a writing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculogyria
The limits of rotation of the eyeballs. ... Origin: oculo-+ G. Gyros, circle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculogyric
Pertaining to, characterised by or causing oculogyration (circular movements of the eyeballs, as in an oculogyric crisis). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

oculogyric crises
Incapacitating attacks of upward eye rolling seen in encephalitis lethargica and with phenothiazine drugs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculomandibulodyscephaly
Synonym for dyscephalia mandibulo-oculofacialis ... A syndrome of bony anomalies of the calvaria, face, and jaw, with brachygnathia, narrow curved nose, and multiple ocular defects including microphthalmia, microcornea, and cataract, often with alopecia overlying skull sutures, or alopecia areata and hypoplasia, or absence of eyebrows. The pattern o …

oculomandibulofacial syndrome
Synonym for dyscephalia mandibulo-oculofacialis ... A syndrome of bony anomalies of the calvaria, face, and jaw, with brachygnathia, narrow curved nose, and multiple ocular defects including microphthalmia, microcornea, and cataract, often with alopecia overlying skull sutures, or alopecia areata and hypoplasia, or absence of eyebrows. The pattern o …

oculomotor muscles
Muscles of the eye that include musculi bulbi (extraocular), musculus orbicularis oculi (eyelids), and musculus orbitalis. These control the eye and surrounding structures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

oculomotor nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Responsible for motor enervation of upper eyelid muscle, extraocular muscle and pupillary muscle. Lesions of the oculomotor nerve results in ptosis (dropping eyelid), deviation of the eyeball outward, double vision and a dilated pupil. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

oculomotor nerve paralysis
Partial or complete paralysis of the eye muscles due to third cranial, or oculomotor, nerve lesion. The lesion may result from injury, ischemia (cerebral haemorrhage), tumours, or other brain pathology. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

oculomotor nucleus
The composite group of motor neurons innervating all of the external eye muscles except the musculus rectus lateralis and musculus obliquus superior, and including the musculus levator palpebrae superioris; the most rostral component of the nucleus is the Edinger-Westphal nucleus which innervates the musculi sphincter pupillae and ciliaris via the …

oculomotor response
Widespread myogenic potential evoked by visual stimuli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion
Synonym for parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion ... A branch of the oculomotor nerve supplying parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibres to the ciliary ganglion. ... Synonym: radix parasympathica ganglii ciliaris, radix oculomotoria ganglii ciliaris, motor root of ciliary ganglion, oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion, radix brevis ganglii cilia …

oculomotor system
That part of the central nervous system having to do with eye movements; it is composed of pathways connecting various regions of the cerebrum, brainstem, and ocular nuclei, utilizing multisynaptic articulations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculomotorius
Synonym: oculomotor nerve. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oculomucocutaneous
Pertaining to or affecting the mucous membrane and the skin around the eyes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

oculopathy
Synonym for ophthalmopathy ... : Eye disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...