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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


nucleus of lateral geniculate body
Nucleus of the thalamus characterised by six layers of cells, two parvicellular, four magnocellular, alternating with thin layers of fibres; receives bilateral visual input, projects to calcarine cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus of lateral lemniscus
A substantial cell mass embedded in the lateral lemniscus, immediately below the latter's entry into the inferior colliculus; the nucleus represents a synaptic way-station for part of the fibres of the lateral lemniscus. ... Synonym: nucleus lemnisci lateralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus of lens
Synonym for nucleus lentis ... The core or inner dense portion of the lens of the eye. ... Synonym: nucleus of lens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus of medial geniculate body
The nerve cell groups composing the medial geniculate body (corpus geniculatum mediale). ... Synonym: nucleus corporis geniculati medialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus of oculomotor nerve
Synonym for oculomotor nucleus ... The composite group of motor neurons innervating all of the external eye muscles except the musculus rectus lateralis and musculus obliquus superior, and including the musculus levator palpebrae superioris; the most rostral component of the nucleus is the Edinger-Westphal nucleus which innervates the musculi sphinc …

nucleus of solitary tract
A slender cell column extending sagittally through the dorsal part of the medulla oblongata, beneath the floor of the rhomboid fossa, immediately lateral to the limiting sulcus. It is the visceral sensory (visceral afferent) nucleus of the brainstem, receiving the afferent fibres of the vagus, glossopharyngeal, and facial nerves by way of the solit …

nucleus of the mamillary body
Synonym for nuclei of mamillary body ... A single large-celled lateral nucleus and a larger bipartite medial nucleus together comprising the mamillary body; present in the caudal hypothalamus. ... Synonym: nuclei corporis mamillaris, nucleus of the mamillary body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus of trochlear nerve
Synonym for trochlear nucleus ... A group of motor neurons innervating the superior oblique muscle of the contralateral eye. The nucleus lies in the caudal half of the midbrain, behind the oculomotor nucleus, in the most ventral part of the central gray substance, near the midline. ... Synonym: nucleus nervi trochlearis, nucleus of trochlear nerve.
nucleus olivaris
Synonym for inferior olivary nucleus ... A large aggregate of small densely packed nerve cells arranged in folded laminae shaped like a purse with the opening (hilum) directed medially. It corresponds in position to the oliva, projects to all parts of the contralateral half of the cerebellar cortex by way of the olivocerebellar tract, and is the onl …

nucleus paracentralis thalami
Synonym for paracentral nucleus of thalamus ... One of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, medial to the central lateral nucleus. ... Synonym: nucleus paracentralis thalami. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus paraventricularis
Synonym for paraventricular nucleus ... A triangular group of large magnocellular neurons in the periventricular zone of the anterior half of the hypothalamus. The cells of the nucleus are similar to those of the supraoptic nucleus; the axons of about 20% of their number join in the formation of the supraopticohypophysial tract and are functionally …

nucleus posterior hypothalami
Synonym for posterior hypothalamic nucleus ... A large, periventricular hypothalamic nucleus located dorsal to the mamillary body, continuous with the central gray substance of the mesencephalon. ... Synonym: nucleus posterior hypothalami. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus preopticus lateralis
Synonym for lateral preoptic nucleus ... A vaguely defined group of nerve cells in the lateral zone of the preoptic region. ... Synonym: nucleus preopticus lateralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus preopticus medialis
Synonym for medial preoptic nucleus ... A group of nerve cells forming the medial zone of the preoptic region. ... Synonym: nucleus preopticus medialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus pulposus
The soft fibrocartilage central portion of the intervertebral disk; regarded as a derivative of the notochord. ... Synonym: gelatinous nucleus, nucleus gelatinosus, vertebral pulp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus pyramidalis
An obsolete term for nucleus olivaris accessorius medialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus reticularis thalami
Synonym for reticular nucleus of thalamus ... A sheet of fairly large neurons covering the lateral, ventral, and rostral surfaces of the thalamus; its reticular appearance is caused by the numerous fascicles of the thalamic peduncles which traverse the nucleus The nucleus receives numerous fibres from the cerebral cortex but it has no cortical proje …

nucleus ruber
Synonym for red nucleus ... A distinctive oval nucleus (pink in fresh specimens because of an iron-containing pigment in many of the cells) centrally placed in the upper mesencephalic reticular formation. It receives fibres from the deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebral cortex and projects fibres to the cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord, and probably …

nucleus salivatorius superior
Synonym for superior salivatory nucleus ... A group of preganglionic parasympathetic motor neurons situated rostral and lateral to the inferior salivatory nucleus; it governs secretion of the lacrimal, sublingual, and submaxillary glands by way of the facial nerve and the sphenopalatine and submandibular ganglia. ... Synonym: nucleus salivatorius sup …

nucleus spinalis nervi accessorii
spinal nucleus of accessory nerve ...

nucleus suprachiasmatica
Small nucleus located dorsal to the optic chiasm; receives input from retina, influences hypothalamic neuroendocrine function; closely associated with regulation of circadian rhythmicity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus supraopticus hypothalami
Synonym for supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus ... A large-celled neurosecretory nucleus in the hypothalamus, located over the lateral border of the optic tract, from which the supraopticohypophysial tract arises; its neurons produce and transport vasopressin released into the general circulation from the axon terminals in the supraopticohypophysial …

nucleus tecti
Synonym for fastigial nucleus ... The most medial of the cerebellar nuclei, lying medial to the interpositus nucleus, near the midline, in the white matter underneath the vermis of the cerebellar cortex. It receives the axons of Purkinje cells from all parts of the vermis. Its major projection is to the vestibular nuclei and medullary reticular form …

nucleus tractus solitarii
Synonym for nucleus of solitary tract ... A slender cell column extending sagittally through the dorsal part of the medulla oblongata, beneath the floor of the rhomboid fossa, immediately lateral to the limiting sulcus. It is the visceral sensory (visceral afferent) nucleus of the brainstem, receiving the afferent fibres of the vagus, glossopharynge …

nucleus ventralis anterior thalami
Synonym for ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus ... The most rostral of the subdivisions of the ventral nucleus, receiving projections from the globus pallidus and projecting to the premotor and frontal cortex. ... Synonym: nucleus ventralis anterior thalami. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus ventralis lateralis
Synonym for ventral intermediate nucleus of thalamus ... The composite middle third of the ventral nucleus receiving in its various parts distinctive projections from the contralateral half of the cerebellum (by way of the superior cerebellar peduncle) and the ipsilateral globus pallidus; nearly all parts of the nucleus projects to the motor cortex. …

nucleus ventralis posterior thalami
Synonym for ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus ... The large posterior part of the ventral nucleus of the thalamus receiving the somatic sensory lemnisci (medial lemniscus, spinothalamic tract, trigeminal lemniscus) and the ascending gustatory (taste) lemniscus, and projecting in turn by way of the internal capsule to the cortex of the postcentra …

nucleus ventralis thalami
Synonym for ventral nucleus of thalamus ... A large, complex cell mass the external border of which forms the ventral and much of the lateral boundary, as well as the rostral border, of the thalamus; it can be subdivided into an anterior, intermediate, and posterior part. ... Synonym: nucleus ventralis thalami. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami
Synonym for ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus ... <anatomy> A circumscript ovoid group of small neurons in the medial zone of the tuberal region of the hypothalamus. Bilateral destruction of this nucleus in the rat leads to severe obesity. It receives numerous fibres from the amygdala via the terminal stria; its efferent connections are obs …

nuclide
<physics> A species of atom characterised by the constitution of its nucleus, which is specified by the number of protons (Z), number of neutrons (N) and energy content or, alternatively, by the atomic number (Z), mass number (A = N + Z) and atomic mass, to be regarded as a distinct nuclide, an atom must be capable of existing for a measurabl …

nude mice
Strains of athymic mice bearing the recessive allele nu/nu which are largely hairless and lack all or most of the T-cell population. Show no rejection of either allografts or xenografts. Nu/nu alleles on some backgrounds have near normal numbers of T-cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nude mouse
A hairless mutant mouse with thymic hypoplasia, lacking T-cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nudibranchiata
<marine biology> A division of opisthobranchiate mollusks, having no shell except while very young. The gills are naked and situated upon the back or sides. See Ceratobranchia. ... Origin: NL. See Nude, and Branchia. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

nudism
The cult or practice of living unclothed for reasons of health. In psychology it may refer to a morbid tendency of an individual to remove his or her clothing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Nuel, Jean
<person> Belgian ophthalmologist and otologist, 1847-1920. ... See: Nuel's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Nuel's space
An interval in the spiral organ (of Corti) between the outer pillar cells on one side and the phalangeal cells and hair cells on the other. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

NUG
<abbreviation> Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Nuhn, Anton
<person> German anatomist, 1814-1889. ... See: Nuhn's gland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Nuhn's gland
Synonym for anterior lingual gland ... One of the small mixed glands deeply placed near the apex of the tongue on each side of the frenulum. ... Synonym: glandula lingualis anterior, apical gland, Bauhin's gland, Blandin's gland, Nuhn's gland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nuisance
That which annoys or gives trouble and vexation; that which is offensive or noxious. ... Nuisances are public when they annoy citizens in general; private, when they affect individuals only. ... Origin: OE. Noisance, OF. Noisance, nuisance, fr. L. Nocentia guilt, fr. Nocere to hurt, harm; akin to necare to kill. Cf Necromancy, Nocent, Noxious, Pernic …

null cell
Lymphocytes lacking typical markers of T or B-cells capable of lysing a variety of tumour or virus infected cells without obvious antigenic stimulation, also effect antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity, carry in humans CD16 marker. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

null cells
Large granular lymphocytes that lack surface markers/membrane associated proteins of either B or T lymphocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

null hypothesis
The assumption that any observed difference between two samples of a statistical population is purely accidental and not due to systematic causes. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

null mutation
Change in a gene that leads to nothing, for example to no enzyme or to a nonfunctioning enzyme. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

null-cell adenoma
<tumour> An adenoma of the hypophysis composed of cells for which there is no overt evidence or hormone production, but which usually produces hypopituitarism and visual disturbances by compression of adjacent structures; approximately one third of these tumours have cells with abundant mitochondria (oncocytes) that are somewhat larger than t …

nulligravida
A woman who has never conceived a child. ... Origin: L. Nullus, none, + gravida, pregnant ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nullipara
A woman who has not given birth to a viable child. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nulliparity
Never having carried a pregnancy. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

nulliparous
Having never given birth to a viable infant. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

numb
1. Enfeebled in, or destitute of, the power of sensation and motion; rendered torpid; benumbed; insensible; as, the fingers or limbs are numb with cold. 'A stony image, cold and numb.' ... 2. Producing numbness; benumbing; as, the numb, cold night. ... Origin: OE. Nume, nome, prop, seized, taken, p. P. Of nimen to take, AS. Niman, p. P. Numen. 7. See …

number
1. To count; to reckon; to ascertain the units of; to enumerate. 'If a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed also be numbered.' (Gen. Xiii. 16) ... 2. To reckon as one of a collection or multitude. 'He was numbered with the transgressors.' (Is. Liii. 12) ... 3. To give or apply a number or numbers to; to assign the place of in a s …

numbness
Indefinite term for abnormal sensation, including absent or reduced sensory perception as well as paresthesias. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

numerator
1. One who numbers. ... 2. <mathematics> The term in a fraction which indicates the number of fractional units that are taken. ... In a vulgar fraction the numerator is written above a line; thus, in the fraction 5/9 (five ninths) 5 is the numerator; in a decimal fraction it is the number which follows the decimal point. See Fraction. ... Origin …

numerical
1. Belonging to number; denoting number; consisting in numbers; expressed by numbers, and not letters; as, numerical characters; a numerical equation; a numerical statement. ... Numerical, as opposed to algebraical, is used to denote a value irrespective of its sign; thus, -5 is numerically greater than -3, though algebraically less. ... 2. The same …

numerical aperture
For a lens the resolving power depends upon the wavelength of light being used and inversely upon the numerical aperture. The N.A. Is the product of the refractive index of the medium (1 for air, 1.5 for immersion oil) and the sine of the angle, i, the semi angle of the cone formed by joining objects to the perimeter of the lens. The larger the val …

numerical hypertrophy
Synonym for hyperplasia ... <pathology> The abnormal multiplication or increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in a tissue. ... Compare: hypertrophy. ... Origin: Gr. Plasis = formation ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

numerical notation for teeth
<dentistry> The numerical notation for teeth is an alternate to Palmer's notation. In this notation, the centrals are designated as 1's, the laterals as 2's, the cuspids as 3's, the first bicuspids as 4's, the second bicuspid's as 5's, etc. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

numerical taxonomy
<zoology> Study of the relationships of taxa by the application of numerical similarity values to characters so as to rank into categories based on degree of overall similarity. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

numericlature
<zoology> An attempt to express the natural order of animals in numbers, so that each taxon name is represented by a numerical code, the structure of which indicates its taxonomic position, rank and affinities. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

numismatics
Study of coins, tokens, medals, etc. However, it usually refers to medals pertaining to the history of medicine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nummiform
Synonym for nummular ... Coin sized and coin shaped. ... Origin: L. Nummularis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nummular
Coin sized and coin shaped. ... Origin: L. Nummularis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nummular dermatitis
Synonym for nummular eczema ... <dermatology> A form of eczema that is characterised by coin-shaped patches of inflamed skin. The cause is unknown but is related to a hypersensitivity reaction. A family history for allergies or atopic dermatitis is common in affected individuals. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

nummular eczema
<dermatology> A form of eczema that is characterised by coin-shaped patches of inflamed skin. The cause is unknown but is related to a hypersensitivity reaction. A family history for allergies or atopic dermatitis is common in affected individuals. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

nummular sputum
A thick, coherent mass expectorated in globular shape which does not run at the bottom of the cup but forms a discoid mass resembling a coin. ... Synonym: globular sputum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nummular syphilid
Flat, disk-shaped papules of secondary syphilis. ... Palmar syphilid, dull red papules in the palms, occurring in secondary syphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nun
1. A woman devoted to a religious life, who lives in a convent, under the three vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. 'They holy time is quiet as a nun Breathless with adoration.' (Wordsworth) ... 2. <zoology> A white variety of domestic pigeons having a veil of feathers covering the head. The smew. ... The European blue titmouse. Gray nuns …

nun's murmur
Synonym for venous hum ... <cardiology, clinical sign> A brief or continuous noise originating from the neck veins that may be confused with cardiac murmurs, particularly with the continuous murmur of patent ductus arteriosus. ... Synonym: bruit de diable, nun's murmur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nundinary
Of or pertaining to a fair, or to a market day. Nundinal letter, among the Romans, one of the first eight letters of the alphabet, which were repeated successively from the first to the last day of the year. One of these always expressed the market day, which returned every nine days (every eight days by our reckoning). ... Origin: L. Nundinalis, nu …

nunnation
A form of stammering in which the n sound is given to other consonants. ... Origin: Ar. Nun, the letter n. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nurse
1. To nourish; to cherish; to foster; as: To nourish at the breast; to suckle; to feed and tend, as an infant. ... To take care of or tend, as a sick person or an invalid; to attend upon. 'Sons wont to nurse their parents in old age.' (Milton) 'Him in Egerian groves Aricia bore, And nursed his youth along the marshy shore.' (Dryden) ... 2. To bring u …

nurse administrators
Nurses professionally qualified in administration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurse anaesthetists
Professional nurses who have completed postgraduate training in the administration of anaesthetics and who function under the responsibility of the operating surgeon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurse cell
Cells accessory to egg and/or sperm formation in a wide variety of organisms. Usually thought to synthesise special substances and to export these to the developing gamete. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nurse cells
Synonym for Sertoli's cells ... Elongated cell's in the seminiferous tubules to which spermatids are attached during spermiogenesis; they secrete androgen-binding protein and establish the blood-testis barrier by forming tight junctions with adjacent Sertoli's cell's. ... Synonym: nurse cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nurse clinicians
Registered nurses who hold master's degrees in nursing with an emphasis in clinical nursing and who function independently in coordinating plans for patient care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurse epidemiologist
A registered nurse with additional education in the monitoring and prevention of nosocomial infections in the client population in an agency. ... Synonym: infection control nurse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nurse midwives
Professional nurses who have received postgraduate training in midwifery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurse practitioner
<specialist> A registered nurse with advanced training in a particular area of health care, e.g., paediatric nurse practitioners have additional education in the care of children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nurse practitioners
Nurses who are specially trained to assume an expanded role in providing medical care under the supervision of a physician. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurse-patient relations
Interaction between the patient and nurse. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursemaid's elbow
Subluxation of the radial head within the elbow joint is also referred to as nursemaid's elbow. This orthopaedic condition is seen commonly in toddlers who may be lifted up by outstretched arms. Instability of the radial head leads to subluxation. The child with nursemaid's usually has their arm in hanging in extension at their side and any attempt …

nurseries
Facilities which provide care for infants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurseries, hospital
Hospital facilities which provide care for newborn infants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursery
Origin: Cf. F. Nourricerie. ... 1. The act of nursing. 'Her kind nursery.' ... 2. The place where nursing is carried on; as: The place, or apartment, in a house, appropriated to the care of children. ... A place where young trees, shrubs, vines, etc, are propagated for the purpose of transplanting; a plantation of young trees. ... The place where anyth …

nurses
Professionals qualified by education at an accredited school of nursing and licensed by state law to practice nursing. They provide services to patients requiring assistance in recovering or maintaining their physical or mental health. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurses, male
Nurses of the male sex. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nurses' aides
Allied health personnel who assist the professional nurse in routine duties. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing
Profession (better known than defined) concerned with the provision of services essential to the maintenance and restoration of health by attending the needs of sick persons. Also, feeding a infant at the breast. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing administration research
research concerned with establishing costs of nursing care, examining the relationships between nursing services and quality patient care, and viewing problems of nursing service delivery within the broader context of policy analysis and delivery of health services ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing assessment
Evaluation of the nature and extent of nursing problems presented by a patient for the purpose of patient care planning. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing assignment
The method(s) by which the patient care load is distributed among the nursing personnel available to provide care. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nursing audit
A detailed review and evaluation of selected clinical records by qualified professional personnel for evaluating quality of nursing care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing bottle caries
Rampant caries of the primary dentition associated with the habitual use, after age 1, of a baby bottle as an aid for sleeping. ... Synonym: baby bottle syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nursing care
Care given to patients by nursing service personnel. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing diagnosis
Conclusions derived from the nursing assessment that establish a health status profile for the patient and from which nursing interventions may be ordered. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing education research
Investigations into the problems of integrating research findings into nursing curricula, developing problem solving skills, finding approaches to clinical teaching, determining the level of practice by graduates from different basic preparations, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing evaluation research
Research carried out by nurses that uses interviews, data collection, observation, surveys, etc., to evaluate nursing, health, clinical, and nursing education programs and curricula, and which also demonstrates the value of such evaluation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing faculty practice
Clinical practice by members of the nursing faculty in order to maintain a balance in their nursing activities--clinical, education, and research. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nursing home
A convalescent home or private facility for the care of individuals who do not require hospitalization and who cannot be cared for at home. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...