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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

obstructive sleep apnoea
A form of sleep apnoea which occurs as the result of a physical occlusion of the oropharyngeal airway during sleep. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

obstructive thrombus
A thrombus due to obstruction in the vessel from compression or other cause. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obstructive uropathy
<nephrology, urology> A sudden disorder which results in the complete blockage of urine flow out the bladder and/or urethra. ... Pressure rises in the urinary tract causing a backward pressure on the kidneys. Bilateral hydronephrosis (kidney enlargement), hypertension and damage to the kidneys (acute renal failure) will occur if the obstructio …

obtund
To dull or blunt, especially to blunt sensation or deaden pain. ... Origin: L. Ob-tundo, pp. -tusus, to beat against, blunt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obtunded
Mentally dulled. Head trauma may obtund a person. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

obturating embolism
Complete closing of the lumen of a vessel by an embolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturation
Obstruction or occlusion. ... Origin: see obturator ... Intermittent self-obturation, passage of a blunt object in a lumen or meatus to occlude it or to dilate it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator
1. That which closes or stops an opening. ... 2. <surgery> An apparatus designed to close an unnatural opening, as a fissure of the palate. ... Origin: NL, fr. L. Obturare to stop up: cf.F. Obturateur. ... <anatomy> Serving as an obturator; closing an opening; pertaining to, or in the region of, the obturator foramen; as, the obturator ner …

obturator appliance
An appliance used to obliterate congenital or acquired defects of the jaws and surrounding structures, usually made of acrylic or rubber. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator artery
<anatomy, artery> Anastomoses, iliolumbar, inferior epigastric, medial circumflex femoral; origin, anterior division of the internal iliac; distribution, ilium, pubis, obturator and adductor muscles; branches, pubic, acetabular, anterior, and posterior. ... Synonym: arteria obturatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator canal
The opening in the superior part of the obturator membrane through which the obturator nerve and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity into the thigh. ... Synonym: canalis obturatorius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator crest
A ridge that extends from the pubic tubercle to the acetabular notch, giving attachment to the pubofemoral ligament of the hip joint. ... Synonym: crista obturatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator externus
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, lower half of margin of obturator foramen and adjacent part of external surface of obturator membrane; insertion, trochanteric fossa of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, obturator. ... Synonym: musculus obturator externus, external obturator muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator fascia
The portion of the pelvic fascia that covers the obturator internus muscle. ... Synonym: fascia obturatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator foramen
A large, oval or irregularly triangular aperture in the hip bone, the margins of which are formed by the pubis and the ischium; it is closed in the natural state by the obturator membrane, except for a small opening for the passage of the obturator vessels and nerve. ... Synonym: foramen obturatum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator groove
A deep groove on the inner surface of the superior ramus of the pubis. ... Synonym: sulcus obturatorius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator hernia
Hernia through the obturator foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator internus
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, pelvic surface of obturator membrane and margin of obturator foramen; insertion, passes out of pelvis through lesser sciatic foramen, in so doing, making a 90° turn to insert into the medial surface of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, nerve to obturator internus (sacral plexus). ... S …

obturator lymph nodes
Nodes of the internal iliac group located along the obturator artery. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici obturatorii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator membrane
The thin membrane of strong interlacing fibres filling the obturator foramen. ... Synonym: membrana obturatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (l2 to l4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to the lower extremity. The obturator nerve provides motor innervation to the adductor muscles of the thigh and cutaneous sensory innervation of the inner thigh. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

obturator tubercle
One of two processes, anterior and posterior, on the margin of the pubic portion of the obturator foramen, bounding the termination of the obturator groove. ... Synonym: tuberculum obturatorium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obturator vein
<anatomy, vein> Formed by the union of tributaries draining the hip joint and the obturator and adductor muscles of the thigh; it enters the pelvis by the obturator canal as venae comitantes of the obturator artery and empties into the internal iliac vein. ... Synonym: vena obturatoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obtuse
Blunt or rounded at the apex, the converging edges separated by an angle greater than 90 degrees. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

obtusion
1. Dullness of sensibility. ... 2. A dulling or deadening of sensibility. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

obverse
Having the base, or end next the attachment, narrower than the top, as a leaf. ... Origin: L. Obversus, p.p. Of obvertere. See Obvert. ... 1. The face of a coin which has the principal image or inscription upon it; the other side being the reverse. ... 2. Anything necessarily involved in, or answering to, another; the more apparent or conspicuous of t …

obvoluted
Overlapping; contorted; convolute; applied primarily, in botany, to two opposite leaves, each of which has one edge overlapping the nearest edge of the other, and secondarily to a circle of several leaves or petals which thus overlap. ... Origin: L. Obvolutus, p.p. Of obvolvere to wrap round; ob (see Ob-) + volvere to roll. ... Source: Websters Dicti …

Occam's razor
The principle of scientific parsimony. William of Occam (14th Century) stated it thus: 'The assumptions introduced to explain a thing must not be multiplied beyond necessity.' ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occasional
Appearing or occurring irregularly and according to no fixed or certain scheme. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

occipital anchorage
Anchorage in which the top and back of the head are used for resistance by means of a headgear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital angle of parietal bone
The posterior superior angle of the parietal bone. ... Synonym: Broca's angles. ... Synonym: Daubenton's angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, external carotid; branches, sternocleidomastoid, meningeal, auricular, occipital, mastoid, and descending. ... Synonym: arteria occipitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital bone
The bone forming the rear (and rear bottom) of the skull. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

occipital border
Edge of a bone which articulates with the occipital bone. ... See: occipital border of parietal bone, occipital border of temporal bone. ... Synonym: margo occipitalis, occipital margin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital border of parietal bone
The posterior margin of the parietal bone that articulates with the occipital squama. ... Synonym: margo occipitalis ossis parietalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital border of temporal bone
That part of the temporal bone that articulates with the occipital squama. ... Synonym: margo occipitalis ossis temporalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital branch
Nomina Anatomica lists occipital branches of 1) posterior auricular artery (rami occipitalis arteriae auricularis posterior; 2) posterior auricular nerve (rami occipitalis nervi auricularis posterioris; and 3) occipital artery, rami occipitales arteriae occipitis. ... Synonym: ramus occipitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital cerebral veins
The superior cerebral veins draining the occipital cortex and emptying into the superior sagittal sinus and the transverse sinus. ... Synonym: venae occipitales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital condyle
One of two elongated oval facets on the undersurface of the occipital bone, one on each side of the foramen magnum, which articulate with the atlas. ... Synonym: condylus occipitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital emissary vein
<anatomy, vein> An inconstant vessel perforating the squama of the occipital bone to connect the occipital veins with the confluens sinuum. ... Synonym: vena emissaria occipitalis, emissarium occipitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital fontanel
Synonym for posterior fontanel ... A triangular interval at the union of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures where the occipital angles of the parietal bones meet the occipital. ... Synonym: fonticulus posterior, occipital fontanel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital groove
A narrow groove medial to the mastoid notch of the temporal bone that lodges the occipital artery. ... Synonym: sulcus arteriae occipitalis, sulcus of occipital artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital gyri
See: inferior occipital gyrus, superior occipital gyrus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital horn
Synonym for posterior horn ... The posterior or occipital division of the lateral ventricle of the brain, extending backward into the occipital lobe; the posterior gray column of the spinal cord as appearing in cross section. ... Synonym: cornu posterius ventriculi lateralis, cornu posterius, cornua of spinal cord, occipital horn. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

occipital horn syndrome
<syndrome> An X-linked recessive disorder in which there is defective biliary excretion of copper resulting in a deficiency of lysyl oxidase causing skin and joint laxity. ... Ocular-mucous membrane syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome with associated ocular lesions (conjunctivitis, panophthalmitis, iritis), oral lesions (bullae, erosions, super …

occipital lobe
House the visual interpretation centres. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

occipital lobe epilepsy
A localization-related epilepsy where seizures originate from the occipital lobe. Symptoms commonly include visual abnormalities during seizures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital lobe of cerebrum
The posterior, somewhat pyramid-shaped part of each cerebral hemisphere, demarcated by no distinct surface markings on the lateral convexity of the hemisphere from the parietal and temporal lobes, but sharply delineated from the parietal lobe by the parieto-occipital sulcus on the medial surface. ... Synonym: lobus occipitalis cerebri, occipital lob …

occipital lymph nodes
One or two small nodes along the occipital vessels close to the trapezius muscle that receive afferents from the posterior scalp and drain into the superior deep cervical nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici occipitales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital margin
Synonym for occipital border ... Edge of a bone which articulates with the occipital bone. ... See: occipital border of parietal bone, occipital border of temporal bone. ... Synonym: margo occipitalis, occipital margin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital neuralgia
Synonym for posttraumatic neck syndrome ... <syndrome> A clinical complex of pain, tenderness, tight neck musculature, vasomotor instability, and ill-defined symptoms such as dizziness and blurred vision as the result of trauma to the neck. Also variously termed occipital or suboccipital neuralgia or neuritis; cervical tension syndrome; cervic …

occipital neurectomy
<procedure> Excision of greater occipital nerve for the treatment of occipital neuralgia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital neuritis
See: posttraumatic neck syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital operculum
A portion of the occipital lobe of the brain demarcated by the simian fissure (sulcus lunatus cerebri) when present in humans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital part of corpus callosum
Synonym for major forceps ... Occipital radiation of the corpus callosum; that part of the fibre radiation of the corpus callosum which bends sharply backward into the occipital lobe of the cerebrum. ... Synonym: forceps major, forceps posterior, occipital part of corpus callosum, pars occipitalis corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital plane
The external surface of the occipital bone above the superior nuchal line. ... Synonym: planum occipitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital plexus
An autonomic plexus on the occipital artery derived from the external carotid plexus. ... Synonym: plexus occipitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital point
The most prominent posterior point on the occipital bone above the inion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital pole
Synonym for occipital pole of cerebrum ... The most posterior promontory of each cerebral hemisphere; the apex of the occipital lobe. ... Synonym: polus occipitalis cerebri, occipital pole. ... Pelvic pole, the breech end of the foetus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital pole of cerebrum
The most posterior promontory of each cerebral hemisphere; the apex of the occipital lobe. ... Synonym: polus occipitalis cerebri, occipital pole. ... Pelvic pole, the breech end of the foetus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital region of head
The surface region of the head corresponding to the outlines of the occipital bone. ... Synonym: regio occipitalis capitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital sinus
An unpaired dural venous sinus commencing at the confluence of the sinuses and passing downward in the base of the falx cerebelli to the foramen magnum. ... Synonym: sinus occipitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital triangle
A triangle of the neck bounded by the trapezius, the sternocleidomastoid, and the omohyoid muscles. ... See: inferior occipital triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipital vein
<anatomy, vein> Drains the occipital region and empties into the internal jugular vein or the suboccipital plexus. ... Synonym: vena occipitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitalis
Synonym for occipital belly of occipitofrontalis muscle ... <anatomy> The posterior belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. ... See: occipitofrontalis muscle. ... Synonym: venter occipitalis musculi occipitofrontalis, occipitalis muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitalization
Bony ankylosis between the atlas and occipital bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipito-
The occiput, occipital structures. ... Origin: L. Occiput ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitoanterior position
A cephalic presentation of the foetus with its occiput turned toward the right (right occipitoanterior, ROA) or to the left (left occipitoanterior, LOA) acetabulum of the mother. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitoatloid
Relating to the occipital bone and the atlas; denoting the articulation between the two bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitoaxial
<anatomy> Of or pertaining to the occipital bone and second vertebra, or axis. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

occipitoaxial ligaments
Ligament's connecting the axis with the occipital bone. ... See: alar ligaments, apical ligament of dens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitobregmatic
Relating to the occiput and the bregma; denoting a measurement in craniometry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitocollicular tract
Synonym for occipitotectal tract ... The system of nerve fibres by which the occipital cortex projects to the superior colliculus. ... Synonym: occipitocollicular tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitofacial
Relating to the occiput and the face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitofrontal
1. Relating to the occiput and the forehead. ... 2. Relating to the occipital and frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex and association pathways that interconnect these regions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitofrontal diameter
The diameter of the foetal head from the external occipital protuberance to the most prominent point of the frontal bone in the midline. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitofrontal fasciculus
A bundle of association fibres extending from the frontal to the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. ... Synonym: fasciculus occipitofrontalis, fronto-occipital fasciculus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitofrontal muscle
Synonym for occipitofrontalis muscle ... <anatomy> It is a part of musculus epicranius; the occipital belly (occipitalis muscle) arises from the occipital bone and inserts into the galea aponeurotica; the frontal belly (frontalis muscle) arises from the galea and inserts into the skin of the eyebrow and nose; action, to move the scalp; nerve s …

occipitofrontalis
See: occipitofrontalis muscle. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitofrontalis muscle
<anatomy> It is a part of musculus epicranius; the occipital belly (occipitalis muscle) arises from the occipital bone and inserts into the galea aponeurotica; the frontal belly (frontalis muscle) arises from the galea and inserts into the skin of the eyebrow and nose; action, to move the scalp; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus occi …

occipitomastoid
Relating to the occipital bone and the mastoid process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitomastoid suture
Continuation of the lambdoid suture between the posterior border of the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the occipital. ... Synonym: sutura occipitomastoidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitomental
Relating to the occiput and the chin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitomental diameter
The diameter of the foetal head from the external occipital protuberance to the midpoint of the chin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitomental projection
Synonym for Waters' projection ... A PA radiographic view of the skull made with the orbitomeatal line at an angle of 37° from the plane of the film, to show the orbits and maxillary sinuses. ... Synonym: occipitomental projection, Waters' view. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitoparietal
Relating to the occipital and the parietal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitopontine tract
A group of fibres originating in the occipital lobe of the cerebral hemisphere and descending in the internal capsule and lateral part of the crus cerebri to the pontine nuclei or ventral part of the pons. ... Synonym: tractus occipitopontinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitoposterior position
A cephalic presentation of the foetus with its occiput turned toward the right (right occipitoposterior, ROP) or to the left (left occipitoposterior, LOP) sacroiliac joint of the mother. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitotectal tract
The system of nerve fibres by which the occipital cortex projects to the superior colliculus. ... Synonym: occipitocollicular tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitotemporal
Relating to the occiput and the temple, or the occipital and the temporal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitotemporal sulcus
Synonym for collateral sulcus ... A long, deep sagittal fissure on the undersurface of the temporal lobe, marking the border between the fusiform gyrus laterally and the hippocampal and lingual gyri medially; the great depth of the collateral sulcus results in a bulging of the floor of the occipital and temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, the co …

occipitothalamic
Relating to the nerve fibres leading from the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex to the thalamus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occipitothalamic radiation
Synonym for optic radiation ... The massive, fanlike fibre system passing from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the visual cortex (striate or calcarine cortex, area 17 of Brodmann); the fibres follow the retrolenticular and sublenticular limbs of the internal capsule into the corona radiata but they curve back along the lateral wall of …

occipitotransverse position
A cephalic presentation of the foetus with its occiput turned toward the right (right occipitotransverse, ROT) or to the left (left occipitotransverse, LOT) iliac fossa of the mother. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occluded virus
A virus inclosed in an inclusion body, usually with reference to an insect virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occludens junction
Tight junction. See zonula occludens. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

occluder
In dentistry, a name given to some articulators. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occluding centric relation record
A registration of centric relation made at the established occlusal vertical dimension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

occluding frame
Synonym for articulator ... <dentistry> A special holder for models of your teeth. The articulator holds the models in the same alignment as your jaw so the orthodontist can look carefully at your bite. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

occluding ligature
A ligature to shut off completely the distal blood supply. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...