1) Heresy 2) Religious doctrine 3) Theological doctrine 4) Unorthodoxy
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1) Mandaeanism 2) Mandeanism
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A blanket term for various mystical initiatory religions, sects and knowledge schools, which were most prominent in the first few centuries AD. It is also applied to modern revivals of these groups and, sometimes, by analogy to all religious movements based on secret knowledge gnosis, thus can lead to confusion.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_spirituality_terms
Gnosticism (from γνωστικός gnostikos, `learned`, from γνῶσις gnōsis, knowledge) describes a collection of ancient religions whose adherents shunned the material world created by the demiurge and embraced the spiritual world. Gnostic ideas influenced many ancient religions that teach that gnosis (variously interpreted as knowledg.....
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belief that freedom derives solely from knowledge
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• (n.) The system of philosophy taught by the Gnostics.
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philosophical and religious movement prominent in the Greco-Roman world in the 2nd century . While Gnosticism drew from and influenced in turn many ... [42 related articles]
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Esoteric cult of divine knowledge (a synthesis of Christianity, Greek philosophy, Hinduism, Buddhism, and the mystery cults of the Mediterranean), which flourished during the 2nd...
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Gnos'ti·cism noun The system of philosophy taught by the Gnostics.
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http://www.encyclo.co.uk/webster/G/39
Gnosticism is a religious movement characterised by a belief in gnosis (the Greek word for knowledge), through which the spiritual element in man could be released from its bondage in matter. It is regarded as a heresy by the Christian Church.
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A term used for a category of religions that emphasize knowledge as a means to salvation. Its origins and age are debated. Since there have been Gnostic interpretations of Christian, Jewish, Greek and Iranian philosophies, it is not necessarily a religion as much as it is an interpretative perspective of specific religious phenomena (Smith and Gree...
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various mystical initiatory religions, sects and knowledge schools, which were most prominent in the first few centuries CE. It is also applied to modern revivals of these groups and, sometimes, by analogy to all religious movements based on secret knowledge gnosis, thus can lead to confusion.
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[
n] - a religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person`s spiritual element
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http://www.webdictionary.co.uk/definition.php?query=Gnosticism
Gnosticism 1. A group of ancient heresies, stressing escape from this world through the acquisition of esoteric knowledge. 2. A religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person's spiritual element; considered heresy by Christian churches. The doctrines of certain pre-Christian pagan, Jewish, and early Christian sects that va...
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the belief that salvation is to be obtained by means of secret knowledge and that the material world is evil. Gnostic mystery religions abounded in the Roman Empire. The early Christian church was fragmented into various sects, many of which taught a Gnostic version of the new religion.
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noun a religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person`s spiritual element; considered heresy by Christian churches
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Esoteric cult of divine knowledge (a synthesis of Christianity, Greek philosophy, Hinduism, Buddhism, and the mystery cults of the Mediterranean), which flourished during the 2nd and 3rd centuries and was a rival to, and influence on, early Christianity. The medieval French Cathar heresy and the modern Mandean sect (in southern Iraq) descend from G...
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a group of ancient heresies, stressing escape from this world through the acquisition of esoteric knowledge.
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https://www.infoplease.com/dictionary/gnosticism
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