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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

oliva superior
Synonym for dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body ... A circumscript, bipartite cell group located ventrolaterally in the lower pontine tegmentum, immediately dorsal to the trapezoid body; the nucleus receives fibres from both the ipsilateral and contralateral cochlear nuclei, and contributes fibres to the lateral (auditory) lemniscus of both sides. It i …

olive
1. <botany> A tree (Olea Europaea) with small oblong or elliptical leaves, axillary clusters of flowers, and oval, one-seeded drupes. The tree has been cultivated for its fruit for thousands of years, and its branches are the emblems of peace. The wood is yellowish brown and beautifully variegated. The fruit of the olive. It has been much imp …

olive oil
The expressed oil of the fruit of Olea europaea; used as a cholagogue, laxative, and emollient, in the preparation of liniments, and in the preparation of foods. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olive-tipped catheter
A ureteral catheter with an olive-shaped tip, used to dilate a constricted ureteral orifice; larger sizes are also used for dilating or calibrating urethral strictures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivifugal
In a direction away from the olive. ... Origin: oliva + L. Fugio, to flee ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivipetal
In a direction toward the olive. ... Origin: oliva + L. Peto, to seek ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivocerebellar tract
A large group of loosely arranged fibre fascicles emerging from the hilus of the olivary nucleus, crossing to the opposite side of the medulla oblongata through the stratum interolivare lemnisci and the contralateral olive, and joining the restiform body, the larger part of the contralateral inferior cerebellar peduncle; its fibres terminate in all …

olivocochlear
See: olivocochlear bundle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivocochlear bundle
A bundle of fibres that originates from the periolivary nuclei bilaterally, exits the brainstem on the vestibular nerve, joins the cochlear nerve in the inner ear, and terminates on outer hair cells. ... Synonym: bundle of Rasmussen, olivocochlear fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivocochlear fibres
Synonym for olivocochlear bundle ... A bundle of fibres that originates from the periolivary nuclei bilaterally, exits the brainstem on the vestibular nerve, joins the cochlear nerve in the inner ear, and terminates on outer hair cells. ... Synonym: bundle of Rasmussen, olivocochlear fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivocochlear tract
See: olivocochlear bundle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivomycins
<chemical> A mixture of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics obtained from actinomyces (or streptomyces) olivoreticuli. They are used as fluorescent dyes that bind to DNA and prevent both RNA and protein synthesis and are also used as antineoplastic agent. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antineoplastic, fluorescent dyes, pro …

olivopontocerebellar
Relating to the olivary nucleus, basis pontis, and cerebellum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olivopontocerebellar atrophy
A collection of diseases with atrophy of the cerebellum, pons, and inferior olives described in 1900 by dejerine and thomas. Signs and symptoms include ataxia of trunk and limbs, dysarthria, intention tremor, followed by generalised rigidity and dementia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

olivopontocerebellar degeneration
<neurology> An inherited disease especially. Of mid to late life that is characterised by ataxia, hypotonia, dysarthria, and degeneration of the cerebellar cortex, middle cerebellar peduncles, and inferior olives. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

olivospinal tract
A slender bundle of nerve fibres in the peripheral zone of the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord, composed of spino-olivary fibres more likely than olivospinal fibres. ... Synonym: Helweg's bundle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ollendorf
Helene, German dermatologist, fl. 1928. ... See: Buschke-Ollendorf syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ollier
Louis X.E.L., French surgeon, 1830-1900. ... See: Ollier graft, Ollier's disease, Ollier's method, Ollier's theory, Ollier-Thiersch graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ollier disease
<radiology> Multiple enchondromata, hamartomas of cartilage within bone, may be limited to one extremity or to extremities of one side, femur and tibia most often involved, may degenerate leading to chondrosarcoma Cf: Mafucci syndrome ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ollier graft
A thin split-thickness graft, usually in small pieces. ... Synonym: Ollier-Thiersch graft, Thiersch graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ollier-Thiersch graft
Synonym for Ollier graft ... A thin split-thickness graft, usually in small pieces. ... Synonym: Ollier-Thiersch graft, Thiersch graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ollier's disease
Synonym for enchondromatosis ... Benign growths of cartilage in the metaphyses of several bones. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ollier's method
Synonym for Ollier graft ... A thin split-thickness graft, usually in small pieces. ... Synonym: Ollier-Thiersch graft, Thiersch graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ollier's theory
A theory of compensatory growth; after resection of the articular extremity of a bone, the articular cartilage of the other bone entering into the structure of the joint takes on an increased growth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ololiuqui
A hallucinogen used in ceremonies by the Aztec Indians in Mexico; contains ergot alkaloids and derivatives of lysergic acid. ... See: Rivea corymbosa, Ipomoea rubrocoerulea var. Praecox. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olophonia
Impaired speech due to an anatomical defect in the vocal organs. ... Origin: G. Oloos, destroyed, lost, + phone, voice ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Olszewski
Jerzy, Polish-Canadian neuropathologist, +1966. ... See: Steele-Richardson-Olszewski disease, Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

olympian forehead
The abnormally prominent, high, and broad forehead in hereditary syphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oman
A sultanate on the southeast coast of the arabian peninsula. Its capital is masqat. Before the 16th century it was ruled by independent emirs but was captured and controlled by the portuguese 1508-1648. In 1741 it was recovered by a descendent of yemen's imam. After its decline in the 19th century, it became virtually a political and economic depen …

omasitis
Inflammation of the omasum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ombre
A game at cards, borrowed from the Spaniards, and usually played by three persons. 'When ombre calls, his hand and heart are free, And, joined to two, he fails not to make three.' (Young) ... Origin: F. Hombre, fr. Sp. Hombre, lit, a man, fr. L. Homo. See Human. ... <zoology> A large Mediterranean food fish (Umbrina cirrhosa): ... Synonym: umbra …

Ombredanne
Louis, French surgeon, 1871-1956. ... See: Ombredanne operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ombredanne operation
A technique whereby the mobilised testis is brought down into the scrotum and through the scrotal septum, to be affixed to the tissues in the contralateral scrotal pouch. ... Synonym: transseptal orchiopexy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ombrophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of rain. ... Origin: G. Ombros, rainstorm, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omega
1. Twenty-fourth and last letter of the Greek alphabet, omega. ... 2. Symbol for Ohm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omega 3 fatty acids
A class of fatty acids that have a double bond three carbons from the methyl moiety; reportedly, they play a role in lowering cholesterol and LDL levels. ... Synonym: omega-3 fatty acids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omega-3 fatty acid desaturase
<enzyme> Catalyses desaturation of the omega-3 carbon (3rd from free end) of c-18 fatty acids; deficiency results in accumulation of linoleic acid (18:2omega6,9) at the expense of linolenic acid (18:3omega3,6,9); amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- ... Synonym: fad3 gene product, omega-3 desaturase ... (26 …

omega-6 desaturase
<enzyme> Catalyses desaturation at omega-6 carbon (sixth carbon from free end) ... Registry number: EC 1.44.99.- ... Synonym: fad6 gene product, fadc gene product, fad2-1 gene product, fad2-2 gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Omega-amidase
<enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of a monoamide of a dicarboxylic acid to a dicarboxylate and ammonia ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.3 ... Synonym: alpha-keto acid omega-amidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

omega-chloroacetophenone
<chemical> A potent eye, throat, and skin irritant. One of its uses is as a riot control agent. ... Pharmacological action: irritants, tear gases. ... Chemical name: Ethanone, 1-phenyl-, monochloro deriv. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

omega-n-methylarginine
<chemical> A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase. ... Pharmacological action: enzyme inhibitors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

omega-oxidation
Oxidation at the carbon atom farthest removed (&omega;-carbon) from the carboxyl group (carbon 1); thus, in this pathway, a dicarboxylic acid is formed; an important pathway in the degradation of prostaglandins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omega-oxidation theory
That the oxidation of fatty acids commences at the CH3 group, i.e., the terminal or omega-group; beta-oxidation then proceeds at both ends of the fatty acid chain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Omenn
Gilbert S., U.S. Internist, *1941. ... See: Omenn's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Omenn's syndrome
<syndrome> A rapidly fatal autosomal recessive immunodeficiency disease characterised by erythroderma, diarrhoea, repeated infections, hepatosplenomegaly, and leukocytosis with eosinophilia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omental branches
Synonym for epiploic branches ... Branches to the greater omentum; epiploic branches arise from the left and right gastroepiploic arteries (rami omentales arteriae gastro-omentalis sinistrae et dextrae ) opposite the gastric branches (rami gastrici ) along the greater curvature of the stomach. ... Synonym: rami omentales, omental branches, rami epipl …

omental bursa
<anatomy> An isolated portion of the peritoneal cavity lying dorsal to the stomach and extending craniad to the liver and diaphragm and caudad into the greater omentum; it opens into the general peritoneal cavity at the epiploic foramen. ... Synonym: bursa omentalis, lesser peritoneal cavity, lesser peritoneal sac, omental sac. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

omental cake
<radiology> Mesothelioma, metastatic ovarian carcinoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

omental enterocleisis
Use of omentum to aid closure of an opening in intestine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omental graft
A segment of omentum, with its supplying blood vessels, transplanted as a free flap to a distant area and revascularised by arterial and venous anastomoses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omental sac
Synonym for omental bursa ... <anatomy> An isolated portion of the peritoneal cavity lying dorsal to the stomach and extending craniad to the liver and diaphragm and caudad into the greater omentum; it opens into the general peritoneal cavity at the epiploic foramen. ... Synonym: bursa omentalis, lesser peritoneal cavity, lesser peritoneal sac, …

omental tenia
See: teniae coli. ... Synonym: tenia omentalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omental tuber
Synonym for tuber omentale ... An eminence on the visceral surface of the left hepatic lobe to the left of the fossa for the ductus venosus, a bulge on the anterior surface of the body of the pancreas to the left of the superior mesenteric vessels. ... Synonym: omental tuber. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentectomy
<procedure> Resection or excision of the omentum. ... Synonym: omentumectomy. ... Origin: omentum + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentitis
Peritonitis involving the omentum. ... Origin: L. Omentum + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omento-
Oment- ... The omentum. ... See: epiplo-. ... Origin: L. Omentum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentofixation
Synonym for omentopexy ... 1. Suture of the great omentum to the abdominal wall to induce collateral portal circulation. ... 2. Suture of the omentum to another organ to increase arterial circulation. ... See: omentoplasty. ... Synonym: omentofixation. ... Origin: omento-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentopexy
1. Suture of the great omentum to the abdominal wall to induce collateral portal circulation. ... 2. Suture of the omentum to another organ to increase arterial circulation. ... See: omentoplasty. ... Synonym: omentofixation. ... Origin: omento-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentoplasty
Use of the greater omentum to cover or fill a defect, augment arterial or portal venous circulation, absorb effusions, or increase lymphatic drainage. ... See: omentopexy. ... Origin: omento-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentorrhaphy
Suture of an opening in the omentum. ... Origin: omento-+ G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentovolvulus
Twisting of the omentum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentulum
Synonym: lesser omentum. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of omentum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omentum
Origin: L. ... <anatomy> A free fold of the peritoneum, or one serving to connect viscera, support blood vessels, etc.; an epiploon. ... The great, or gastrocolic, omentum forms, in most mammals, a great sac, which is attached to the stomach and transverse colon, is loaded with fat, and covers more or less of the intestines; the caul. The lesse …

omentum majus
Synonym for greater omentum ... A peritoneal fold passing from the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon, hanging like an apron in front of the intestines. ... Synonym: omentum majus, caul, cowl, epiploon, gastrocolic omentum, pileus, velum. ... Lesser omentum, a peritoneal fold passing from the margins of the porta hepatis and the …

omentum minus
lesser omentum ...

omentumectomy
Synonym for omentectomy ... <procedure> Resection or excision of the omentum. ... Synonym: omentumectomy. ... Origin: omentum + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omeprazole
<drug> A proton pump inhibitor that works by binding to H+/K+ ATPase, an enzyme which is found on the secretory surface of parietal cells. ... It thereby inhibits the final transport of hydrogen ions (via exchange with K+) into the gastric lumen. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ominous
Of or pertaining to an omen or to omens; being or exhibiting an omen; significant; portentous; formerly used both in a favorable and unfavorable sense; now chiefly in the latter; foreboding or foreshowing evil; inauspicious; as, an ominous dread. 'He had a good ominous name to have made a peace.' (Bacon) 'In the heathen worship of God, a sacrifice …

omit
1. To let go; to leave unmentioned; not to insert or name; to drop. 'These personal comparisons I omit.' (Bacon) ... 2. To pass by; to forbear or fail to perform or to make use of; to leave undone; to neglect. 'Her father omitted nothing in her education that might make her the most accomplished woman of her age.' (Addison) ... Origin: L. Omittere, o …

ommatidium
A single facet of an invertebrate compound eye. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Ommaya
Ayub, 20th century U.S. Neurosurgeon. ... See: Ommaya reservoir. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ommaya reservoir
<apparatus> A device with a fluid reservoir implanted under the scalp with a catheter to a ventricle. It allows for medication to be given directly to the CSF and into the brain. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

omnifocal lens
A lens for near and distant vision in which the reading portion is a continuously variable curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omnipotence of thought
A childish or magical thought process whereby instantaneous gratification of fantasies and wishes is believed to be imminent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omnivore
<biology, zoology> An animal that eats all kinds of plants and animals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

omnivory
<biology, zoology> Describes an animal that eats all kinds of plants and animals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

omo-
<prefix> A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the shoulder or the scapula. ... Origin: Gr. The shoulder. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

omoclavicular
Relating to the shoulder and the clavicle; denoting an anomalous muscle attached to the coracoid process or upper edge of the scapula and to the clavicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omoclavicular triangle
Synonym for supraclavicular triangle ... The triangle bounded by the clavicle, the omohyoid muscle, and the sternocleidomastoid muscle; it contains the subclavian artery and vein. ... Synonym: fossa supraclavicularis major, trigonum omoclaviculare, greater supraclavicular fossa, omoclavicular triangle, subclavian triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omohyoid muscle
<anatomy> Formed of two bellies attached to intermediate tendon; origin, by inferior belly from upper border of scapula between superior angle and notch; insertion, by superior belly into hyoid bone; action, depresses hyoid; nerve supply, upper cervical spinal nerves through ansa cervicalis. ... Synonym: musculus omohyoideus, omohyoid. ... (05 …

omophagia
The eating of raw food, especially of raw flesh. ... Origin: G. Omos, raw, + phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omothyroid
Denoting a band of muscular fibres passing between the superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the omohyoid muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omotracheal triangle
Synonym for muscular triangle ... The triangle bounded by the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, and the anterior midline of the neck; the infrahyoid muscles occupy most of it. ... Synonym: trigonum musculare, trigonum omotracheale, inferior carotid triangle, omotracheal triangle, tracheal triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

OMP
<abbreviation> Oligo-N-methylmorpholinium propylene oxide; orotidylic acid; orotidylate; orotidine 5'-monophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

OMP decarboxylase
Synonym for orotidylic acid decarboxylase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of OMP to UMP and CO2; a defect or inhibition of this enzyme will result in orotic aciduria and orotidinuria; this enzyme is a part of pyrimidine biosynthesis. ... Compare: uridylic acid synthase. ... Synonym: OMP decarboxylase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

OMP pyrophosphorylase
Synonym for orotate phosphoribosyltransferase ... <enzyme> The enzyme catalyzing the formation of orotidine-5'-phosphoric acid (orotidylic acid) from orotic acid and 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate in the course of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. ... Chemical name: Orotidine-5'-phosphate:pyrophosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase ... …

OMPA
<abbreviation> Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphal-
Omphalo- ... The umbilicus, the navel. ... Origin: G. Omphalos, navel (umbilicus) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalectomy
<procedure> Excision of the umbilicus or of a neoplasm connected with it. ... Origin: omphal-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalelcosis
Ulceration at the umbilicus. ... Origin: omphal-+ G. Helkosis, ulceration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalitis
Inflammation of the umbilicus and surrounding parts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalo-
See: omphal-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphaloangiopagus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the parasite derives its blood supply from the placenta of the autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: allantoidoangiopagus. ... Origin: omphalo-+ G. Angeion, vessel, + pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphaloenteric
Relating to the umbilicus and the intestine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalomesenteric artery
<anatomy, artery> An obsolete term for vitelline artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalomesenteric cord
Synonym for vitelline cord ... A persistent yolk stalk in the form of a solid cord of tissue connecting ileum to umbilicus. ... Synonym: omphalomesenteric cord. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalomesenteric cyst
Cystic lesion found within the umbilical cord, presumed to develop from remnants of the omphalomesenteric duct early in gestation. May be found on antenatal ultrasound. ... Synonym: omphalomesenteric duct cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalomesenteric duct
An obsolete term for yolk stalk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalomesenteric duct cyst
Synonym for omphalomesenteric cyst ... Cystic lesion found within the umbilical cord, presumed to develop from remnants of the omphalomesenteric duct early in gestation. May be found on antenatal ultrasound. ... Synonym: omphalomesenteric duct cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

omphalopagus
Conjoined twins united at their umbilical regions. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: monomphalus. ... Origin: omphalo-+ G. Pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...