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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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orbicularis oculi reflexContraction of the orbicularis oculi muscles upon tapping the margin of the orbit, or the bridge or tip of the nose. ... Synonym: nose-bridge-lid reflex, nose-eye reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbicularis oris<anatomy, muscle> Origin, by nasolabial band from septum of the nose, by superior incisive bundle from incisor fossa of maxilla, by inferior incisive bundle from lower jaw each side of symphysis; insertion, fibres surround mouth between skin and mucous membrane of lips and cheeks, and are blended with other muscles; action, closes lips; nerve …
orbicularis phenomenonSynonym for eye-closure pupil reaction ... A constriction of both pupils when an effort is made to close eyelids forcibly held apart. A variant of the pupil response to near vision. ... Synonym: Galassi's pupillary phenomenon, Gifford's reflex, lid-closure reaction, orbicularis phenomenon, orbicularis pupillary reflex, Piltz sign, Westphal's pupillar …
orbicularis pupillary reflexSynonym for eye-closure pupil reaction ... A constriction of both pupils when an effort is made to close eyelids forcibly held apart. A variant of the pupil response to near vision. ... Synonym: Galassi's pupillary phenomenon, Gifford's reflex, lid-closure reaction, orbicularis phenomenon, orbicularis pupillary reflex, Piltz sign, Westphal's pupillar …
orbiculus ciliarisThe darkly pigmented posterior zone of the ciliary body continuous with the retina at the ora serrata. ... Synonym: ciliary disk, ciliary ring, pars plana. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbit1. <astronomy> The path described by a heavenly body in its periodical revolution around another body; as, the orbit of Jupiter, of the earth, of the moon. ... 2. An orb or ball. 'Roll the lucid orbit of an eye.' (Young) ... 3. <anatomy> The cavity or socket of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated. ... 4. <zoology& …
orbit eviscerationThe surgical removal of the contents of the orbit. This includes the eyeball, blood vessels, muscles, fat, nerve supply, and periosteum. It should be differentiated from eye evisceration which removes the inner contents of the eye, leaving the sclera intact. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orbitaSynonym: orbit. ... Origin: L. A wheel-track, fr. Orbis, circle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital<anatomy> Pertaining to the orbit, which is the bony cavity containing the eyeball. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
orbital abscessA circumscribed collection of pus within the orbit; frequently an extension of purulent infection of the paranasal sinuses, usually the ethmoids. ... Synonym: retrobulbar abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital arterySynonym for medial frontobasal artery ... <anatomy, artery> The medial orbitofrontal branch, the first branch of the pericallosal artery; it supplies the medial half of the inferior surface of the frontal cortex. ... Synonym: arteria frontobasalis medialis, ramus orbitofrontalis medialis, orbital artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital axisThe line from the centre of the optic foramen (apex of orbit) extending anteriorly, laterally, and inferiorly to the middle of the orbital opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital cavitySynonym for orbit ... 1. <astronomy> The path described by a heavenly body in its periodical revolution around another body; as, the orbit of Jupiter, of the earth, of the moon. ... 2. An orb or ball. 'Roll the lucid orbit of an eye.' (Young) ... 3. <anatomy> The cavity or socket of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situate …
orbital decompressionRemoval of a portion of the bony orbit, usually superior (Naffziger operation), lateral (Kronlein operation), or inferior (Ogura operation). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital diseasesDiseases of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orbital eminence of zygomatic boneSynonym for orbital tubercle of zygomatic bone ... A small elevation on the orbital surface of the zygomatic bone, just within the orbital margin, about 1 cm below the zygomaticofrontal suture; it gives attachment to the lateral check ligament, the lateral palpebral ligament, and the suspensory ligament of the eyeball. ... Synonym: eminentia orbitali …
orbital exenterationRemoval of the entire contents of the orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital fasciaeThe fascial layers in the orbit consisting of periorbita, septum orbitale, fascia muscularis musculorum bulbi, and vagina bulbi. ... Synonym: fasciae orbitales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital fat-padThe mass of fat contained in the orbit that contributes to the support of the eyeball. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum orbitae, fat body of orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital fracturesFractures of the bones in the orbit, which include parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and the maxilla and zygoma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orbital gyriA number of small, irregular convolutions occupying the concave inferior surface of each frontal lobe of the cerebrum. ... Synonym: gyri orbitales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital herniaDisplacement of orbital fat through a defect in the orbital septum or Tenon's capsule into the subcutaneous tissues of the eyelid or subconjunctivally. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital implantThe glass, plastic, or metal device placed in the muscle cone after enucleation of an eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital indexRelation of the height of the orbit to its width: (orbital height × 100)/orbital width. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital lamina of ethmoid boneSynonym for orbital plate of ethmoid bone ... A thin plate of ethmoid bone forming part of the medial wall of the orbit and the lateral wall for the ethmoidal labyrinth. ... Synonym: lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis, lamina papyracea, orbital lamina of ethmoid bone, orbital layer of ethmoid bone, orbital plate, paper plate, papyraceous plate. ... (0 …
orbital layer of ethmoid boneSynonym for orbital plate of ethmoid bone ... A thin plate of ethmoid bone forming part of the medial wall of the orbit and the lateral wall for the ethmoidal labyrinth. ... Synonym: lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis, lamina papyracea, orbital lamina of ethmoid bone, orbital layer of ethmoid bone, orbital plate, paper plate, papyraceous plate. ... (0 …
orbital margin of eyelidsThe outer or peripheral attached borders of the upper and lower eyelids; the 'root' of the eyelids, along which it is attached to the orbital rim. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital muscleSynonym for orbitalis muscle ... <anatomy> A rudimentary nonstriated muscle, crossing the infraorbital groove and sphenomaxillary fissure, intimately united with the periosteum of the orbit. ... Synonym: musculus orbitalis, Muller's muscle, orbital muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital neoplasmsNeoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orbital nerveSynonym for zygomatic nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the maxillary nerve in the inferior orbital fissure through which it passes; it gives rise to two sensory branches, the zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial, which supply the skin of the temporal and zygomatic regions and is continued as the communicating branch of the lacrimal ne …
orbital openingThe somewhat quadrangular anterior entrance to the orbit which forms the base of the pyramid-shaped orbital cavity. It is bounded by the sharp supra-, infra-, and lateral orbital margins and a less obvious medial margin on each side of the upper nose. ... Synonym: aditus orbitae, aperture of orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital ophthalmoplegiaOphthalmoplegia due to a lesion within the orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital part of frontal boneThe portion of the frontal bone that contributes to the formation of the orbits; the most rostral of three cortical convolutions that togetther form the inferior frontal gyrus. ... Synonym: pars orbitalis ossis frontalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital part of lacrimal glandSee: lacrimal gland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital part of optic nerve<anatomy, nerve> The part of the optic nerve between the eye and the optic canal. ... Synonym: pars orbitalis nervi optici. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital planeThe orbital surface of the maxilla, lying perpendicular to the orbitomeatal plane at the orbitale. ... Synonym: planum orbitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital plateSynonym for orbital plate of ethmoid bone ... A thin plate of ethmoid bone forming part of the medial wall of the orbit and the lateral wall for the ethmoidal labyrinth. ... Synonym: lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis, lamina papyracea, orbital lamina of ethmoid bone, orbital layer of ethmoid bone, orbital plate, paper plate, papyraceous plate. ... (0 …
orbital plate of ethmoid boneA thin plate of ethmoid bone forming part of the medial wall of the orbit and the lateral wall for the ethmoidal labyrinth. ... Synonym: lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis, lamina papyracea, orbital lamina of ethmoid bone, orbital layer of ethmoid bone, orbital plate, paper plate, papyraceous plate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital processThe anterior and larger of the two processes at the upper extremity of the vertical plate of the palatine bone, articulating with the maxilla, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones. ... Synonym: processus orbitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital pseudotumour<radiology> Non-specific inflammation of orbit, sudden, painful proptosis, Treatment: steroids, middle age, M=F, unilateral (90%), EOM enlargement: one muscle, inferior rectus most common, lacrimal gland enlargement, optic nerve enlargement and irregularity, scleral enhancement (50%), streaky intraconal fat, orbital mass (intra- or extraconal …
orbital regionThe region about the orbit. ... Synonym: regio orbitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital ridgeThe bony ridge beneath the eyebrow. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orbital rimThe mostly sharp edge of the orbital opening which is the peripheral border of the base of the pyramid-shaped orbit. The superior half of the orbital rim is the supraorbital margin; the inferior half is the infraorbital margin. The frontal, maxillary, and zygomatic bones contribute to the orbital rim, which is generally strong to protect the orbita …
orbital septumA fibrous membrane attached to the margin of the orbit and extending into the lids, containing the orbital fat and constituting in great part the posterior fascia of the orbicularis oculi muscle. ... Synonym: septum orbitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital sulciA number of irregularly disposed, variable sulci dividing the inferior or orbital surface of each frontal lobe of the cerebrum into the orbital gyri. ... Synonym: sulci orbitales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital surfaceThe surface of a bone which contributes to the walls of the orbit. The NA recognises an orbital surface on the following bones: greater wing of the sphenoid bone; the maxilla; the frontal bone; the zygomatic bone. ... Synonym: facies orbitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital syndrome<syndrome> An obsolete term referring to neoplastic tissue formation involving the apex of the orbit, causing ophthalmoplegia and optic nerve atrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbital tubercle of zygomatic boneA small elevation on the orbital surface of the zygomatic bone, just within the orbital margin, about 1 cm below the zygomaticofrontal suture; it gives attachment to the lateral check ligament, the lateral palpebral ligament, and the suspensory ligament of the eyeball. ... Synonym: eminentia orbitalis ossis zygomatici, orbital eminence of zygomatic …
orbital widthThe distance between the dacryon and the farthest point on the anterior edge of the outer border of the orbit (Broca), or between the latter point and the junction of the frontolacrimal suture and the posterior edge of the lacrimal groove. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitaleIn cephalometrics, the lowermost point in the lower margin of the bony orbit that may be felt under the skin. ... Origin: L. Of an orbit ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitalis muscle<anatomy> A rudimentary nonstriated muscle, crossing the infraorbital groove and sphenomaxillary fissure, intimately united with the periosteum of the orbit. ... Synonym: musculus orbitalis, Muller's muscle, orbital muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitofrontal arterySynonym for lateral frontobasal artery ... <anatomy, artery> A branch of the insular part of the middle cerebral artery distributed to the cortex of the lateral, inferior part of the frontal lobe. ... Synonym: arteria frontobasalis lateralis, ramus orbitofrontalis lateralis, lateral orbitofrontal branch, orbitofrontal artery. ... (05 Mar 2000)
orbitofrontal cortex
The cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes. ... Synonym: fronto-orbital area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitography
Radiographic evaluation of the orbit. ... Origin: L. Orbita, orbit, + G. Grapho, to write ... Positive contrast orbitography, orbitography with injection of a water soluble iodinated compound into the muscle cone or along the orbital floor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitomeatal line
base line ...
orbitomeatal plane
A standard craniometric reference plane passing through the right and left porion and the left orbitale; drawn on the profile radiograph or photograph from the superior margin of the acoustic meatus to the orbitale. ... Synonym: auriculo-infraorbital plane, eye-ear plane, Frankfort horizontal plane, Frankfort plane, infraorbitomeatal plane. ... (05 M …
orbitonasal index
The ratio of the width between the lateral angles of the eyes, measured with a tape measure passing over the root of the nose times 100, to the width between the lateral angles of the eyes measured with a caliper. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitonometer
An instrument that measures the resistance offered to pressing the eyeball backwards into its socket. ... Origin: L. Orbita, orbit, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitonometry
Measurement by means of the orbitonometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitopagus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the parasite, usually very imperfectly developed, is attached at an orbit of the autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: teratoma orbitae. ... Origin: L. Orbita, orbit, + G. Pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitopathy
Disease of the orbit and its contents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbitotomy
<procedure> Surgical incision into the orbit. ... Origin: L. Orbita, orbit, + tome, a cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orbivirus
<virology> Genus of Reoviridae that infects a wide range of vertebrates and insects. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
orchard
1. A garden. ... 2. An inclosure containing fruit trees; also, the fruit trees, collectively; used especially of apples, peaches, pears, cherries, plums, or the like, less frequently of nutbearing trees and of sugar maple trees. ... <botany> Orchard grass, a bright-coloured American oriole (Icterus spurius), which frequents orchards. It is smal …
orchectomy
Synonym for orchiectomy ... <procedure> The surgical removal of the testicles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orchella
Synonym for archil ... 1. A violet dye obtained from several species of lichen (Roccella tinctoria, etc), which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape Verd Islands, etc. ... 2. The plant from which the dye is obtained. ... Alternative forms: orchal and orchil. ... Origin: OF. Orchel, orcheil, It. Orcella, oricello, or OSp. Orchillo. Cf. Orchil.< …
orcheo-
See: orchio-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchestra
1. The space in a theater between the stage and the audience; originally appropriated by the Greeks to the chorus and its evolutions, afterward by the Romans to persons of distinction, and by the moderns to a band of instrumental musicians. ... 2. The place in any public hall appropriated to a band of instrumental musicians. ... 3. Loosely: A band of …
orchi-
Orchido-orchio- ... The testes. ... Origin: G. Orchis, testis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchialgia
Pain in the testis. ... Synonym: orchiodynia, orchioneuralgia, testalgia. ... Origin: orchi-+ G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchichorea
Involuntary rising and falling movements of the testis. ... Origin: orchi-+ G. Choreia, a dance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchidaceous
<botany> Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order (Orchidaceae) of endogenous plants of which the genus Orchis is the type. They are mostly perennial herbs having the stamens and pistils united in a single column, and normally three petals and three sepals, all adherent to the ovary. The flowers are curiously shaped, often resembling ins …
orchidectomy
<procedure, surgery> Surgical removal of the testis. A recognised form of treatment for prostate cancer. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
orchidic
Relating to the testis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiditis
Synonym for orchitis ... <pathology> Inflammation of a testis. The disease is marked by pain, swelling and a feeling of weight. It may occur idiopathically or it may be associated with conditions such as mumps, gonorrhoea, filarial disease, syphilis or tuberculosis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
orchido-
See: orchi-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchidometer
1. A caliper device used to measure the size of testes. ... 2. A set of sized models of testes for comparison of testicular development. ... Origin: orchido-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchidoptosis
Ptosis of the male gonads. ... Origin: orchido-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchidorraphy
Synonym for orchiopexy ... Surgical treatment of an undescended testicle by freeing it and implanting it into the scrotum. ... Synonym: cryptorchidopexy, orchidorraphy, orchiorrhaphy. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiectomy
<procedure> The surgical removal of the testicles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
orchiepididymitis
Inflammation of the testis and epididymis. ... Origin: orchi-+ epididymis, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchil
Synonym for archil ... 1. A violet dye obtained from several species of lichen (Roccella tinctoria, etc), which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape Verd Islands, etc. ... 2. The plant from which the dye is obtained. ... Alternative forms: orchal and orchil. ... Origin: OF. Orchel, orcheil, It. Orcella, oricello, or OSp. Orchillo. Cf. Orchil.< …
orchio-
See: orchi-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiocele
A testis retained in the inguinal canal. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Kele, hernia, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiococcus
An old term for any Gram-negative diplococcus that resembles the gonococcus but is more easily cultivated on ordinary media; it is sometimes found in vaginal secretions. Such bacteria are now classified as species of Neisseria, along with N. Gonorrhoeae. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Kokkos, berry (coccus) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiodynia
Synonym: orchialgia. ... Origin: orchi-+ G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchioncus
A neoplasm of the testis. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Onkos, bulk, mass ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchioneuralgia
Synonym: orchialgia. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Neuron, nerve, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiopathy
Disease of a testis. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiopexy
Surgical treatment of an undescended testicle by freeing it and implanting it into the scrotum. ... Synonym: cryptorchidopexy, orchidorraphy, orchiorrhaphy. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchioplasty
Surgical reconstruction of the testis. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiorrhaphy
Synonym: orchiopexy. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Rhaphe, a suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiotherapy
Treatment with testicular extracts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchiotomy
Incision into a testis. ... Synonym: orchotomy. ... Origin: orchio-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchis
Origin: L, fr. Gr. A testicle, the orchis; so called from its tubers. ... 1. <botany> A genus of endogenous plants growing in the North Temperate zone, and consisting of about eighty species. They are perennial herbs growing from a tuber (beside which is usually found the last year's tuber also), and are valued for their showy flowers. See Orc …
orchitic
Denoting orchitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchitis
<pathology> Inflammation of a testis. The disease is marked by pain, swelling and a feeling of weight. It may occur idiopathically or it may be associated with conditions such as mumps, gonorrhoea, filarial disease, syphilis or tuberculosis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
orchitis parotidea
Orchitis associated with mumps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orchitis variolosa
Orchitis complicating smallpox. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
orcinol
3,5-dihydroxytoluene;the parent substance of the natural dye orcein, obtained from certain colourless lichens (Lecanora tinctoria, Rocella tinctoria) by treatment with boiling water; used as an external antiseptic in various skin diseases and in chemistry as a reagent for pentoses. ... Synonym: 5-methylresorcinol, orcin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
