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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

ornithine transcarbamoylase
Synonym for ornithine carbamoyltransferase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyses the reaction of carbamoyl phosphate and l-ornithine to yield orthophosphate and l-citrulline. The enzyme occurs in the liver. The reaction is a part of the urea cycle. Genetic deficiency of the enzyme, an x-linked trait, impairs urea forma …

ornithine-oxo-acid transaminase
<enzyme> A pyridoxal phosphate enzyme that catalyses the formation of glutamate gamma-semialdehyde and an l-amino acid from l-ornithine and a 2-keto-acid. ... Chemical name: L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.6.1.13 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ornithinuria
Excretion of excessive amounts of ornithine in the urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ornitho-
<prefix> A combining form from the Greek word for a bird. ... Origin: Cf. Ern. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

Ornithodoros
A genus of soft ticks (family Argasidae) several species of which are vectors of pathogens of various relapsing fevers. They are characterised by a capitulum hidden below the hood and by disks and mamillae of the integument that are continuous from dorsal to ventral surfaces in a variety of patterns. ... Origin: G. Ornis (ornith-), bird, + doros, a …

Ornithodoros coriaceus
A species common in the mountainous coastal areas of California; adults readily attack deer, cattle, and humans, and have an irritating, painful, sometimes toxic bite. Transmits epizootic bovine abortion to cattle. ... Synonym: pajaroello. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros erraticus
A species the small variety of which is the vector of Borrelia crocidurae in Africa, the Near East, and central Asia; the large variety is the vector of B. Hispanica in the Spanish peninsula and adjacent north Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros hermsi
A species that is a rodent parasite and vector of relapsing fever spirochetes, such as Borrelia hermsii, in the western U.S. And Canada. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros lahorensis
A species that possibly transmits Borrelia persica, the agent of Persian relapsing fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros moubata complex
A group of four species in Africa; the taxonomy and ecology of this complex is of great significance because its members are vectors of relapsing fever spirochetes; members of the complex include Ornithodoros moubata (various hosts), Ornithodoros compactus (tortoises), Ornithodoros apertus (porcupines), and Ornithodoros porcinus (warthogs); a domes …

Ornithodoros pappilipes
The 'Persian bug,' a species found in the former USSR and the Near East that transmits Borrelia persica, the pathogen in Iran of Persian relapsing fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros parkeri
A species found in the western U.S. And a vector of Borrelia parkeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros rudis
A species that is an important vector of relapsing fever spirochetes in Central and South America; possibly another complex similar to the Ornithodoros moubata complex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros savigni
A species transmitting Borrelia, an agent of relapsing fever of eastern Africa, southern Egypt, Ethiopia, and southwestern Asia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros talaje
A species found in Mexico and in Central and South America, where it feeds on wild rodents, domestic animals, and humans; it delivers a painful, irritating bite and is a vector of Borrelia mazzottii, a cause of relapsing fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros tholozani
A species transmitting Borrelia persica, an agent of relapsing fever in the Middle East and central Asia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros turicata
A species that readily attacks man and other animals in the southern portion of the U.S. And Mexico; it is a vector of Borrelia turicatae, an agent of relapsing fever; the bite is painful and irritating. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros venezuelensis
A species that is the vector of Borrelia venezuelensis, agent of relapsing fever in Colombia, Venezuela, and mountainous parts of South America. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ornithodoros verrucosus
Vector of Borrelia caucasica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ornithology
1. <ornithology, study> That branch of zoology which treats of the natural history of birds and their classification. ... 2. A treatise or book on this science. ... Origin: Ornitho: cf. F. Ornithologie. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

Ornithonyssus
A genus of bird and rodent mites; species include Ornithonyssus bacoti, the tropical rat mite, a possible vector of murine typhus and a cause of human dermatitis; Ornithonyssus bursa, the tropical fowl mite; and Ornithonyssus sylviarum, the northern fowl mite. ... Origin: G. Ornis (ornith-), bird, + nyssus, to prick ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ornithopappi
<ornithology> An extinct order of birds. It includes only the Archaeopteryx. ... Origin: NL, from Gr. A bird + an ancestor. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

ornithosis
Infection with chlamydia psittaci, transmitted to man by inhalation of dust-borne contaminated nasal secretions or excreta of infected birds. This infection results in a febrile illness characterised by pneumonitis and systemic manifestations. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ornithosis virus
Former name for Chlamydia psittaci. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Oro
1. Symbol for orotic acid or orotate. ... 2. <prefix> relating to the mouth. ... Origin: L. Os, oris, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oroantral fistula
<dentistry> A fistula between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity, sometimes through the tooth socket. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

orodigitofacial
<anatomy> Relating to the mouth, fingers, and face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orodigitofacial dysostosis
<syndrome> An inherited syndrome, lethal in males, with varying combinations of defects of the oral cavity, face, and hands, including lobulated or bifid tongue, cleft or pseudocleft palate, tongue tumours, missing or malpositioned teeth, hypoplastic nasal alar cartilage, depressed nasal bridge, brachydactyly, clinodactyly, incomplete syndact …

orofacial
<anatomy> Of or relating to the mouth and face. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

orofacial fistula
<dentistry> A pathologic communication between the cutaneous surface of the face and the oral cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orofaciodigital syndrome
Synonym for orodigitofacial dysostosis ... <syndrome> An inherited syndrome, lethal in males, with varying combinations of defects of the oral cavity, face, and hands, including lobulated or bifid tongue, cleft or pseudocleft palate, tongue tumours, missing or malpositioned teeth, hypoplastic nasal alar cartilage, depressed nasal bridge, brach …

orolingual
Relating to the mouth and tongue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oromandibular dystonia
Oro- refers to the mouth and mandibular refers to the lower jaw. Oromandibular dystonia affects the muscles of the jaw, lips, and tongue. The jaw may be pulled either open or shut, and speech and swallowing can be difficult. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

oronasal
Relating to the mouth and nose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oronasal fistula
A pathologic communication between the nasal cavity and the oral cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oronasal membrane
Synonym for bucconasal membrane ... A thin, transient epithelial sheet separating the primitive nasal cavity from the stomodeum in the seven-week-old human embryo. ... Synonym: oronasal membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oropharyngeal
Relating to the oropharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oropharyngeal membrane
Synonym for buccopharyngeal membrane ... A bilaminar (ectoderm and endoderm) membrane derived from the prochordal plate; after the embryonic head fold has evolved it lies at the caudal limit of the stomodeum. ... Synonym: oral membrane, oropharyngeal membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

oropharyngeal passage
Synonym for fauces ... 1. <anatomy> The narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx, situated between the soft palate and the base of the tongue; called also the isthmus of the fauces. On either side of the passage two membranous folds, called the pillars of the fauces, inclose the tonsils. ... 2. <botany> The throat of a calyx, corolla, …

oropharynx
The area of the throat at the back of the mouth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

orophilic
<zoology> Describes an organism that lives or thrives in subalpine regions. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

orosomucoid
<biology> Plasma protein of mammals and birds, 38% carbohydrate. In humans a single chain glycoprotein of 39 kD. Increased levels are associated with inflammation, pregnancy and various diseases. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

orotate
A salt or ester of orotic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotate phosphoribosyltransferase
<enzyme> The enzyme catalyzing the formation of orotidine-5'-phosphoric acid (orotidylic acid) from orotic acid and 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate in the course of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. ... Chemical name: Orotidine-5'-phosphate:pyrophosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.4.2.10 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

orotic acid
Intermediate in the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines. Linked glycosidically to ribose 5' phosphate, orotate forms the pyrimidine nucleotide orotidylate, that on decarboxylation at position 5 of the pyrimidine ring yields the major nucleotide uridylate (uridine 5' phosphate). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

orotic aciduria
A rare disorder of pyrimidine metabolism characterised by hypochromic anaemia with megaloblastic changes in bone marrow, leukopenia, retarded growth, and urinary excretion of orotic acid; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Origin: orotic acid + G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidine
Orotic acid-3-beta-d-ribonucleoside; uridine-6-carboxylic acid;elevated in cases of orotidinuria. ... Synonym: 1-ribosylorotate. ... Abbreviation: Ord ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidine 5'-monophosphate
Synonym for orotidylic acid ... Orotidine 5'-monophosphate;an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the pyrimidine nucleosides (cytidine and uridine) that are found in nucleic acids. ... Synonym: orotidine 5'-monophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidinuria
Elevated levels of orotidine in the urine; has been observed in defects in and inhibition of orotidylic acid decarboxylase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidylate
A salt or ester of orotidylic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidylic acid
Orotidine 5'-monophosphate;an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the pyrimidine nucleosides (cytidine and uridine) that are found in nucleic acids. ... Synonym: orotidine 5'-monophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidylic acid decarboxylase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of OMP to UMP and CO2; a defect or inhibition of this enzyme will result in orotic aciduria and orotidinuria; this enzyme is a part of pyrimidine biosynthesis. ... Compare: uridylic acid synthase. ... Synonym: OMP decarboxylase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotidylic acid phosphorylase
Synonym for orotate phosphoribosyltransferase ... <enzyme> The enzyme catalyzing the formation of orotidine-5'-phosphoric acid (orotidylic acid) from orotic acid and 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate in the course of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. ... Chemical name: Orotidine-5'-phosphate:pyrophosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase ... …

orotidylic acid pyrophosphorylase
Synonym for orotate phosphoribosyltransferase ... <enzyme> The enzyme catalyzing the formation of orotidine-5'-phosphoric acid (orotidylic acid) from orotic acid and 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate in the course of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. ... Chemical name: Orotidine-5'-phosphate:pyrophosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase ... …

orotracheal intubation
Tracheal intubation through the mouth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orotracheal tube
A tracheal tube inserted through the mouth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Oroya fever
A generalised, acute, febrile, endemic, and systemic form of bartonellosis; marked by high fever, rheumatic pains, progressive, severe anaemia, and albuminuria. ... Synonym: Carrion's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphan
See: orphan products. ... Origin: G. Orphanos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphan disease
A disease for which no treatment has been developed because of its rarity (affecting no more than 200,000 persons in the U.S.). ... See: orphan products. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphan drug
A pharmaceutical that has been abandoned or neglected during its development because it is seen as having only a limited potential for profit. Often a drug which only has a limited target population or which treats a rare disease, thus limiting its financial potential. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

orphan drug act
Law giving incentives to companies developing a drug for a rare disease. The act gives the developer of the first drug of any one type a 7-year exclusive right to market the new drug. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

orphan drug production
Production of drugs or biologicals which are unlikely to be manufactured by private industry unless special incentives are provided by others. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

orphan drugs
Synonym for orphan products ... Drugs, biologicals, and medical devices (including diagnostic in vitro tests) that may be useful in common or rare diseases but which are not considered commercially viable. ... Synonym: orphan drugs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphan products
Drugs, biologicals, and medical devices (including diagnostic in vitro tests) that may be useful in common or rare diseases but which are not considered commercially viable. ... Synonym: orphan drugs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphan virus
<virology> A virus that has not yet beenclassified and linked to a particular disease. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

orphan viruses
Virus's, such as the enteric orphan virus's, which when originally found were not specifically associated with disease; a number of these have since been shown to be pathogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphanages
Institutions for the housing and care of orphans, foundlings, and abandoned children. They have existed as such since the medieval period but the heading is applicable to such usage also in modern parlance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

orphenadrine
<chemical> A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm. ... Pharmacological action: antiparkinson agents, muscle relaxants, central, muscarinic antagonists, parasympatholytics. ... Chemical name: Ethanamine, N,N-dimethyl-2-((2-methylphenyl)phenylmethoxy)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

orphenadrine citrate
An antihistaminic that also has the same action and use as orphenadrine hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orphenadrine hydrochloride
N,N-Dimethyl-2(o-methyl-alpha-phenylbenzoyloxy)ethylamine hydrochloride; the o-methyl analogue of diphenhydramine hydrochloride;it reduces spasm of voluntary muscles, probably by action on the cerebral motor areas; used in the symptomatic treatment of paralysis agitans and drug-induced parkinsonism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orpiment
<chemistry> Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as an amorphous lemonyellow powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow crystalline mineral; formerly called auripigment. It is used in king's yellow, in white Indian fire, and in certain technical processes, as indigo printing. 'Our orpiment and sublimed mercurie.' (Chaucer) Red orpim …

orpine
<botany> A low plant with fleshy leaves (Sedum telephium), having clusters of purple flowers. It is found on dry, sandy places, and on old walls, in England, and has become naturalized in America. ... Synonym: stonecrop, and live-forever. ... Alternative forms: orpin. ... Origin: F. Orpin the genus of plants which includes orpine; so called from …

orseillin BB
A red diazo acid dye, C24H18N4O7S2Na2, used as a fungal and bacterial stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Orsi-Grocco method
Palpatory percussion of the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Orsi, Francesco
<person> Italian physician, 1828-1890. ... See: Orsi-Grocco method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ort-a-cath
A device surgically implanted under the skin, usually on the chest, that enters a large blood vessel and is used to deliver medication, chemotherapy, blood products and also is used to obtain blood samples. A port is usually inserted if a person has veins in the arm which are difficult to use for treatment or if certain types of chemotherapy drugs …

Orth, Johannes
<person> German pathologist, 1847-1923. ... See: Orth's fixative, Orth's stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Orth's fixative
Formalin added to Muller's fixative, used for bringing out chromaffin, studying early degenerative processes and necrosis, and for demonstrating rickettsiae and bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Orth's stain
<technique> A lithium carmine stain for nerve cells and their processes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthergasia
Rarely used term for normal intellectual and emotional adjustment. ... Origin: G. Orthos, straight, correct, + ergasia, work ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthesis
Rarely used term for an orthopedic brace, splint, or appliance. ... Origin: ortho-+ -esis, process ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthetics
Synonym for orthotics ... The science concerned with the making and fitting of orthopaedic appliances. ... Synonym: orthetics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ortho-
1. <prefix> A combining form signifying straight, right, upright, correct, regular; as, orthodromy, orthodiagonal, orthodox, orthographic. ... 2. <chemistry> Connection with, or affinity to, one variety of isomerism, characteristic of the benzene compounds; contrasted with meta- or para-; as, the ortho position; hence, designating any su …

ortho-halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase
<enzyme> A three-component broad substrate-specific enzyme that requires oxygen, NADH, fe(ii) and flavin adenine dinucleotide; degrades 2,4-, 2,5-dichloro-, 2-chloro (& a variety of other substituted halobenzoates) to 4-chlorocatechol and catechol ... Registry number: EC 1.14.12.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

orthoacid
An acid in which the number of hydroxyl groups equals the valence of the acid-forming element; e.g., C(OH)4, orthocarbonic acid. When there is no such acid, the one that most nearly approaches this condition is sometimes called an orthoacid; e.g., OP(OH)3, orthophosphoric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthoarteriotony
Normal blood pressure. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Arteria, artery, + tonos, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthobiosis
Rarely used term for correct living, both hygienically and morally. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Biosis, life ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthocaine
The methyl ester of 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid; a surface anaesthetic agent usually used in dusting powder form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthocephalic
Having a head well proportioned to height; denoting a skull with a vertical index between 70 and 75. ... See: metriocephalic. ... Synonym: orthocephalous. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthocephalous
Synonym for orthocephalic ... Having a head well proportioned to height; denoting a skull with a vertical index between 70 and 75. ... See: metriocephalic. ... Synonym: orthocephalous. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthochorea
A form of chorea in which the spasms occur only or chiefly when the patient is in the erect posture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthochromatic
Denoting any tissue or cell that stains the colour of the dye used, i.e., the same colour as the dye solution with which it is stained. ... Synonym: euchromatic, orthochromophil, orthochromophile. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Chroma, colour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthochromophil
Orthochromophile ... Synonym: orthochromatic. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Chroma, colour, + philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthocrasia
An obsolete term for condition in which there is a normal reaction to drugs, articles of diet, etc. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Krasis, a mixing, temperament ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthocytosis
A condition in which all of the cellular elements in the circulating blood are mature forms, irrespective of the proportions of various types and total numbers. ... Origin: ortho-+ G. Kytos, cell, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthodentin
Straight tubed dentin as seen in the teeth of mammals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthodeoxia
Fall in arterial blood oxygen upon assuming the upright posture. Usually due to right-to-left cardiac or vascular shunting with a posturally induced fall in left sided pressure permitting a corresponding gradient across the shunt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthodigita
Correction of malformations of fingers or toes. ... Origin: ortho-+ L. Digitus, finger or toe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

orthodontia
<dentistry> Braces. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

orthodontic appliance
A mechanism for the application of pressure to the teeth and their supporting tissues to produce changes in the relationship of the teeth and/or the related osseous structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...