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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

hydrokinetics
That branch of kinetics concerned with fluids in motion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrolabile
Unstable in the presence of water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrolability
A state in which the fluid in the tissues readily changes in amount. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrolase
<enzyme> One of a class of enzymes (EC Class 3) catalysing hydrolysis of a variety of bonds, such as esters, glycosides, peptides. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrolases
<enzyme> Registry number: EC 3. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrolymph
The circulating fluid in many of the invertebrates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrolysate
<chemistry> The product of a hydrolysis reaction. Hydrolysates are generally named according to what reactant was hydrolysed to come up with the product, for example protein hydrolysate if the reactant was a protein. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrolysis
<chemistry> The splitting of a compound into fragments by the addition of water, the hydroxyl group being incorporated in one fragment and the hydrogen atom in the other. ... Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrolytic
<chemistry> Tending to remove or separate water; eliminating water. 'Hydrolytic agents, such as sulphuric acid or caustic alkali.' (Encyc. ... <physiology> Brit) Hydrolitic ferment, a ferment, enzyme, or chemical ferment, which acts only in the presence of water, and which causes the substance acted upon to take up a molecule of water. T …

hydrolytic cleavage
Synonym for hydrolysis ... <chemistry> The splitting of a compound into fragments by the addition of water, the hydroxyl group being incorporated in one fragment and the hydrogen atom in the other. ... Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrolytic enzyme
<biochemistry> See hydrolase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrolyze
To subject to hydrolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrolyzing enzymes
Synonym for hydrolases ... <enzyme> Registry number: EC 3. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroma
Synonym for hygroma ... A cystic swelling containing a serous fluid, such as cystic lymphangioma, housemaid's knee, etc. ... Synonym: hydroma. ... Origin: hygro-+ G. -oma, tumour ... Hygroma axillare, hygroma of the axillary region. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromassage
Massage produced by streams of water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromedusa
Origin: NL. See Hydra, and Medusa. ... <zoology> Any medusa or jellyfish which is produced by budding from a hydroid. They are called also Craspedota, and naked-eyed medusae. ... Such medusae are the reproductive zooids or gonophores, either male or female, of the hydroid from which they arise, whether they become free or remain attached to the …

hydromeningocele
Protrusion of the meninges of brain or spinal cord through a defect in the bony wall, the sac so formed containing cerebrospinal fluid. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Meninx, membrane, + kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrometer
1. <physics> An instrument for determining the specific gravities of liquids, and thence the strength spirituous liquors, saline solutions, etc. ... It is usually made of glass with a graduated stem, and indicates the specific gravity of a liquid by the depth to which it sinks in it, the zero of the scale marking the depth to which it sinks in …

hydrometra
Accumulation of thin mucus or other watery fluid in the cavity of the uterus. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Metra, uterus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrometric
Relating to hydrometry or the hydrometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrometrocolpos
<radiology> Accumulation of secretions in the vagina and uterus, dilatation of the vagina proximal to a congenital obstruction (e.g., imperforate hymen), produces a palpable, fixed midline mass, may cause hydronephrosis, AXR: abdominal mass extending from pelvis, ultrasound: cystic mass posterior to bladder with scattered echoes due to cellul …

hydrometry
Determination of the specific gravity of a fluid by means of a hydrometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromicrocephaly
Microcephaly associated with an increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromorphone
<chemical> 4,5-alpha-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one. An opioid analgesic made from morphine and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, opioid, narcotics. ... Chemical name: Morphinan-6-one, 4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-, (5alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydromorphone hydrochloride
A synthetic derivative of morphine, with analgesic potency about 10 times that of morphine. ... Synonym: dihydromorphinone hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromphalus
A cystic tumour at the umbilicus, most commonly a vitellointestinal cyst. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Omphalos, umbilicus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromyelia
An increase of fluid in the dilated central canal of the spinal cord, or in congenital cavities elsewhere in the cord substance. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Myelos, marrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromyelocele
Protrusion of a portion of cord, thinned out into a sac distended with cerebrospinal fluid, through a spina bifida. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Myelos, marrow, + kele, tumour, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydromyoma
<tumour> A leiomyoma that contains cystlike foci of proteinaceous fluid; hydromyoma's occur more frequently in leiomyomas of the uterus, as a result of degenerative changes. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Mys, muscle, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydronephrosis
<nephrology> Abnormal enlargement of a kidney, may occur secondary to acute ureteral obstruction (kidney stone) or chronic kidney disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hydronephrotic
Relating to hydronephrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydronium
See: hydronium ion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydronium ion
<chemistry> A positively charged ion that is water with an additional hydrogen atom (H3O). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrop neumopericardium
The presence of a serous effusion and of gas in the pericardial sac. ... Synonym: pneumohydropericardium. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Pneuma, air, + pericardium ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroparasalpinx
Accumulation of serous fluid in the accessory tubes of the oviduct. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Para, beside, + salpinx, trumpet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropathic
Relating to hydropathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropathy plot
<chemistry, investigation> A graph which shows how hydrophobic each amino acid in a polypeptide is versus where it is located on the polypeptide. The hydropathy plot is used to find clusters of hydrophobic amino acids, which could indicate that the polypeptide in question is a transmembrane protein. A transmembrane protein has hydrophilic par …

hydropenia
Reduction or deprivation of water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Penia, poverty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropenic
Pertaining to or characterised by hydropenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropericarditis
Pericarditis with a large serous effusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropericardium
A noninflammatory accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroperoxidases
Those oxidoreductases that require H2O2 as hydrogen acceptors; e.g., peroxidases, catalase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroperoxide
Synonym for hydrogen peroxide ... <chemical> Hydrogen peroxide is produced by vertebrate phagocytes and is used in bacterial killing (the myeloperoxidase halide system). ... (05 May 1997) ...

hydroperoxide dehydratase
<enzyme> Catalyses the formation of 12,13-epoxy-9,11,15-octadecatrienoic acid from 13-hydroperoxy-9,11,15-octadecatrienoic acid ; also acts on 13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- ... Synonym: hydroperoxide dehydrase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroperoxide lyase
<enzyme> Rabbit leukocyte enzyme; converts 15-hpete to 15-ketopentadeca-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid plus pentanol ... Registry number: EC 4.1.2.- ... Synonym: fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase, hpo lyase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydrophid venoms
Venoms of sea snakes, hydrophiinae, found around pacific islands. The venoms contain fewer enzymes and more neuro- or myotoxins than land snakes. The neurotoxic proteins are similar to elapid small, short, or type I neurotoxins, some of which have been characterised. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrophidae
A family of sea snakes comprising about 50 species with flattened oar-like tails used as sculls. They are found mostly in the coastal waters of south asia and Australia. The largest reach a length of almost 9 feet but most species are only about a third as long. They are all venomous. (goin, goin, and zug, introduction to herpetology, 3d ed, pp331- …

hydrophil
Hydrophile ... A substance that is hydrophilic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophilia
A tendency of the blood and tissues to absorb fluid. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophilic
<chemistry> Readily absorbing moisture, hygroscopic, having strongly polar groups that readily interact with water. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrophilic colloid
Synonym for emulsoid ... A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended. ... Synonym: emulsion colloid, hydrophil colloid, hydrophilic colloid, lyophilic colloid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophilic group
<chemistry> A polar group or one that can take part in hydrogen bond formation, for example OH, COOH, NH2. Confers water solubility or in lipids and macromolecules causes part of the structure to make close contact with the aqueous phase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrophilic ointment
An ointment base consisting of 25% each of white petrolatum and stearyl alcohol, 12% propyl glycol emulsified in 37% water by 1% of lauryl sulfate; preserved with paraben. Suitable for the incorporation of numerous drugs intended for local application; a washable ointment base. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophilic petrolatum
Petrolatum composed of cholesterol 30 g, stearyl alcohol 30 g, white wax 80 g, and white petrolatum 860 g, to make 1000 g. ... Light liquid petrolatum, light mineral oil. ... White petrolatum, of the same composition as petrolatum except that it is decolorised by treatment with activated charcoal; used for the same purposes as petrolatum. ... Synonym: …

hydrophilic signaling molecule
<molecular biology> A type of molecule which, because it is easily dissolved in water (it is hydrophilic), can easily move through cell membranes and thus can be secreted from one cell and move into a target cell where it triggers a particular event. Many hormones and growth factors are hydrophilic signaling molecules. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrophilous
Synonym for hydrophilic ... <chemistry> Readily absorbing moisture, hygroscopic, having strongly polar groups that readily interact with water. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrophily
Water pollination. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrophobia
<psychology> Fear of water. ... Origin: Gr. Phobos = fear ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hydrophobic
<chemistry> Not readily absorbing water or being adversely affected by water, as a hydrophobic colloid. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrophobic bond
See: hydrophobic interaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophobic bonding
<chemistry> Interaction driven by the exclusion of nonpolar residues from water. It is an important determinant of protein conformation and of lipid structures and is considered to be a consequence of maximising polar interactions rather than a positive interaction between apolar residues. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydrophobic colloid
Synonym for suspensoid ... A colloidal solution in which the disperse particles are solid and lyophobe or hydrophobe, and are therefore sharply demarcated from the fluid in which they are suspended. ... Synonym: hydrophobic colloid, lyophobic colloid, suspension colloid. ... Origin: suspension + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophobic effect
<chemistry> The tendency for the nonpolar portions of a group of lipid molecules to clump together with one another and exclude water and other polar molecules. The polar portions of the lipid molecules end up facing out. The hydrophobic effect is primarily responsible for the construction of lipid bilayers. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrophobic interaction
<chemistry> The attractive force between molecules due to the close positioning of non-hydrophilic portions of the two molecules. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrophobic tetanus
Synonym for cephalic tetanus ... A type of local tetanus that follows wounds to the face and head; after a brief incubation (1-2 days) the facial and ocular muscles become paretic yet undergo repeated tetanic spasms. The throat and tongue muscles may also be affected. ... Synonym: cerebral tetanus, head tetanus, hydrophobic tetanus, rose cephalic tet …

hydrophobicity
<chemistry> A measure of how insoluble (undissolvable) a given molecule is when in water or other polar liquids. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrophorograph
An obsolete term for an instrument for recording the flow or pressure of a fluid; e.g., the flow of urine or the pressure of spinal fluid. ... Origin: G. Hydrophoros, carrying water, + grapho, to record ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophthalmia
Hydrophthalmoshydrophthalmus ... Synonym: buphthalmia. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Ophthalmos, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrophthalmos
Congenital open-angle glaucoma that results from dysgenesis of the angle structures accompanied by increased intraocular pressure and enlargement of the eye. Treatment is both medical and surgical. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Hydrophyidae
A family of snakes, the true sea snakes, characterised by a vertically compressed tail, giving it a paddle-or oar-like appearance; their fangs, like those of cobras, are small, grooved, and permanently erect. They are common in shallow waters along coastal margins in many regions of the Pacific basin and are important medically in western Malaysia …

hydrophyte
<botany> A plant which can grow only in very wet soil, or which grows with its leaves partly or completely underwater. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrophytic vegetation
<botany> Plant life growing in water or on a substrate that is at least periodically deficient in oxygen as a result of excessive water content. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydropic
Containing an excess of water or of watery fluid. ... Synonym: dropsical. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropic degeneration
Synonym for cloudy swelling ... Swelling of cells due to injury to the membranes affecting ionic transfer; causes an accumulation of intracellular water. ... Synonym: albuminous swelling, granular degeneration, hydropic degeneration, parenchymatous degeneration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroplasma
<cell biology> The liquid portions of protoplasm. All of the liquid contained within a live cell. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydropneumatosis
Combined emphysema and oedema; the presence of liquid and gas in tissues. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Pneuma, breath, spirit ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropneumogony
Injection of air into a joint to determine the amount of effusion. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Pneuma, air, + gony, knee ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropneumoperitoneum
The presence of gas and serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity. ... Synonym: pneumohydroperitoneum. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Pneuma, air, + peritoneum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropneumothorax
A collection of fluid and gas within the pleural cavity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroponics
The scientific study of the growth of plants in an artificial liquid nutrient medium instead of in soil. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydroposia
Water-drinking, a characteristic of animals that ordinarily drink water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Posis, drinking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydropote
<biology> A cell or cell group found on the lower epidermis of some species such as Nymphaea. These cells are thought to function in the uptake of ions from the water. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrops
<disease> A name applied to recurrent vertigo accompanied by ringing in the ears (tinnitus) and deafness. A dysfunction of the semi-circular canals (endolymphatic sac) in the inner ear. ... Symptoms include dizziness, hearing loss (one-sided), vertigo, nausea, vomiting and abnormal eye movements. ... Treatment includes anticholinergics, antihis …

hydrops foetalis
<embryology, paediatrics> A severe form of the genetic disorder thalassaemia in which all four alpha chain polypeptides making up the haemoglobin molecule (the protein which transports oxygen in the body) are missing due to a defect in the gene which codes for them. As a result, affected individuals die at or before birth. ... (09 Oct 1997) …

hydrops ovarii
Synonym for hydrovarium ... A collection of fluid in the ovary. ... Synonym: hydrops ovarii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrops pericardii
An obsolete term for pericardial effusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrops tubae
Synonym for hydrosalpinx ... Accumulation of serous fluid in the fallopian tube, often an end result of pyosalpinx. ... Synonym: hydrops tubae. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Salpinx, trumpet ... Intermittent hydrosalpinx, intermittent discharge of watery fluid from the oviduct. ... Synonym: hydrops tubae profluens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrops tubae profluens
intermittent hydrosalpinx ...

hydropyonephrosis
Presence of purulent urine in the pelvis and calices of the kidney following obstruction of the ureter. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Pyon, pus, + nephrosis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrorchis
A collection of water (hydrocele) in the testis, as in the tunica vaginalis or along the spermatic cord. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Orchis, testicle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrorheostat
A rheostat in which resistance to the flow of electric current is provided by water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrorrhoea
A profuse discharge of watery fluid from any part of the body. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Rhoia, flow ... Hydrorrhoea gravidae ... Hydrorrhoea gravidarum, discharge of a watery fluid from the vagina during pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrosalpinx
Accumulation of serous fluid in the fallopian tube, often an end result of pyosalpinx. ... Synonym: hydrops tubae. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Salpinx, trumpet ... Intermittent hydrosalpinx, intermittent discharge of watery fluid from the oviduct. ... Synonym: hydrops tubae profluens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrosarca
Synonym: anasarca. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Sarx, flesh ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrosarcocele
A chronic swelling of the testis complicated with hydrocele. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Sarx, flesh, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroseed
<botany> To spray land with a mixture of water and seeds, thereby dispersing and watering the seeds simultaneously. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrosere
<botany> An ecological community which results when plants migrate to open water and decompose, creating deposits of moss or peat. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydroskeleton
<biology> A type of skeleton found in many soft-bodied invertebrates which consists of water-filled body cavities controlled by muscles. Hydroskeletons are found in echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins), annelids (earthworms), nematodes, and a number of other wormlike invertebrate phyla. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrosol
A colloid in aqueous solution, the particles being in the dispersed or internal phase and the water in the external or dispersion phase. ... Compare: hydrogel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrosphere
<biology> This is the broad name for the water above, on or in the earth's crust, including oceans, seas, lakes, ground water, and atmospheric moisture. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...