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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

hydrosphygmograph
A sphygmograph in which the pulse beat is transmitted to the recorder through a column of water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrostat
A device for regulating water level. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Statikos, causing to stand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrostatic
Relating to the pressure of fluids or to their properties when in equilibrium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrostatic dilator
An instrument for dilating oesophageal strictures; fluid pressure is delivered into a flexible area of the instrument placed in the stricture to establish a uniform dilating pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrostatic pressure
The pressure exerted by a liquid as a result of its potential energy, ignoring its kinetic energy; frequently used to distinguish a true pressure from an osmotic pressure or to emphasize the variation in pressure in a column of fluid due to the effect of gravity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrostatical
Of or relating to hydrostatics; pertaining to, or in accordance with, the principles of the equilibrium of fluids. 'The first discovery made in hydrostatics since the time of Archimedes is due to Stevinus.' (Hallam) Hydrostatic balance, a balance for weighing substances in water, for the purpose of ascertaining their specific gravities. Hydrostatic …

hydrosudopathy
Synonym: hydrosudotherapy. ... Origin: hydro-+ L. Sudor, sweat, + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrosudotherapy
Hydrotherapy combined with induced sweating, as in the Turkish bath. ... Synonym: hydrosudopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrosyringomyelia
Synonym: syringomyelia. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Hydor, water, + syrinx, a tube, + myelos, marrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrotaxis
The movement of cells or organisms in relation to water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Taxis, arrangement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrotherapeutic
Synonym for hydriatric ... Hydriatic ... Relating to the obsolete use of water to treat or cure disease. ... Synonym: hydrotherapeutic. ... Origin: hydr-+ G. Iatrikos, relating to medicine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrothermal
Relating to hot water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Therme, heat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrothermal vent
A natural spring which vents warm or hot water on the sea floor, associated with spreading of the Earth's crust. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrothionaemia
The presence of hydrogen sulfide in the circulating blood. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Theion, sulfur, + haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrothionuria
The excretion of hydrogen sulfide in the urine. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Theion, sulfur, + ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrotomy
<procedure> In histology, tearing apart the tissue elements by injection of water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Tome, a cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrotrope
A chemical substance which causes other organic substances that are only slightly soluble to become more easily dissolved. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrotropism
The growth or movement of an organism in the direction of water. The influence of an organisms growth or movements by the presence of water. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrotubation
Injection of a liquid medication or saline solution through the cervix into the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes for dilation and/or treatment of the tubes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroureter
Distention of the ureter with urine, due to blockage from any cause. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrous wool fat
Synonym for adeps lanae ... The greasy substance obtained from the wool of the sheep Ovis aries (family Bovidae). Used as an emollient base for creams and ointments. ... Synonym: hydrous wool fat, lanolin, wool wax. ... Origin: L. Fat of wool ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrovarium
A collection of fluid in the ovary. ... Synonym: hydrops ovarii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxamic acids
A class of weak acids with the general formula r-conhoh. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxides
Inorganic compounds that contain the oh- group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxocobalamin
<chemical> A b 12 vitamin. It has been used therapeutically in the treatmenta and prevention of vitamin b 12 deficiency. ... Pharmacological action: haematinics. ... Chemical name: Cobinamide, hydroxide, dihydrogen phosphate (ester), inner salt, 3'-ester with 5,6-dimethyl-1-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxocobemine
Synonym for hydroxocobalamin ... <chemical> A b 12 vitamin. It has been used therapeutically in the treatmenta and prevention of vitamin b 12 deficiency. ... Pharmacological action: haematinics. ... Chemical name: Cobinamide, hydroxide, dihydrogen phosphate (ester), inner salt, 3'-ester with 5,6-dimethyl-1-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole< …

hydroxy acid
<chemistry> Any molecule which is an acid and which has a hydroxyl group (an -OH or alcohol group) attached to it. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydroxy acids
Organic compounds containing both the hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxy-
<chemistry, prefix> A combining form, also used adjectively, indicating hydroxyl as an ingredient. ... <chemistry> Hydroxy acid, an organic acid, having (besides the hydroxyl group of the carboxyl radical) an alcoholic hydroxyl group, and thus having the qualities of an alcohol in addition to its acid properties; as, lactic and tartaric …

hydroxy-Y base
<chemical> ... Chemical name: 1h-imidazo(1,2-a)purine-7-butanoic acid, 4,9-dihydro-beta-hydroxy-alpha-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-4,6-dimethyl-9-oxo-, methyl ester ... Synonym: alpha-(carboxyamino)-beta-hydroxy-4,9-dihydro-4,6- dimethyl-9-oxo-1h-imidazo(1,2-a)purine-7-butyric acid dimethyl ester ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxyacetic acid
Synonym for glycolic acid ... <biochemistry> Hydroxyacetic acid, found in young plants and green fruits. Glycolate is formed from ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate in a seemingly wasteful side reaction of photosynthesis, known as photorespiration. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxyacetylaminofluorene
<chemical> N-fluoren-2-yl-acetohydroxamic acid. A fluorene derivative with carcinogenic action. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens. ... Chemical name: Acetamide, N-9H-fluoren-2-yl-N-hydroxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase
<enzyme> An enzyme with catalytic activity similar to that of lactoylglutathione lyase, but more general; catalyses the hydrolysis of an S-2-hydroxyacylglutathione, producing glutathione and a 2-hydroxy acid anion. ... See: glyoxalase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyamphetamine hydrobromide
Alpha-Methyltyramine hydrobromide; p-(2-aminopropyl)phenol hydrobromide;a sympathomimetic, decongestant, and mydriatic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyapatite
<chemistry> The calcium phosphate mineral, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, found both in rocks of nonorganic origin and as a component of bone and dentine. Used as column packing for chromatography, particularly for separating double stranded DNA from mixtures containing single stranded DNA. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxyapatites
A group of compounds with the general formula m10(po4)6(oh)2, where m is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxybenzoic acids
Benzoic acid substituted by one or more hydroxy groups in any position on the benzene ring. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Chemical name: (R)-3-Hydroxybutanoate:NAD+ oxidoreductase ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.30 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxycarbamide
Synonym for hydroxyurea ... Inhibitor of DNA synthesis (but not repair). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxychloroquine
<drug> A drug used to treat and prevent malaria and to treat the symptoms of lupus erythematosus. It is also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis when used in combination with other drugs. It has the chemical formula of C18H26ClN3O. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydroxychloroquine sulfate
A quinoline derivative; an antimalarial agent whose actions and uses resemble those of chloroquine phosphate; also used in the treatment of lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxycholanoyl dehydroxylase
<enzyme> Removes hydroxyl group with formation of water and double bond ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxycholecalciferols
Hydroxy analogs of vitamin d 3. (cholecalciferol). Members of this group include calcifediol, calcitriol, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d 3. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxycholesterol 25-hydroxylase
<enzyme> Acts on 22r-hydroxycholesterol and 20s-hydroxycholesterol ... Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- ... Synonym: 25-hydroxylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxycholesterols
Cholesterol which is substituted by a hydroxy group in any position. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxychroman
Synonym for chromanol ... 6-Hydroxychroman (6-chromanol) is the fundamental unit of the tocopherols (vitamin E), tocols, and tocotrienols, as well as of ubi-, toco-, and phyllochromanol. ... See: chroman, chromene, chromenol. ... Synonym: hydroxychroman. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxychromene
Synonym for chromenol ... 6-hydroxychromene (6-chromenol) is the fundamental unit of the tocopherolquinones (oxidised tocopherol) and plastochromenol-8. ... See: chroman, chromanol, chromene. ... Synonym: hydroxychromene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxycorticosteroids
A group of corticosteroids carrying hydroxy groups, usually in the 11- or 17-positions. They comprise the bulk of the corticosteroids used systemically. As they are relatively insoluble in water, salts of various esterified forms are often used for injections or solutions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxydopamines
Dopamines with a hydroxy group substituted in one or more positions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids
Eicosatetraenoic acids substituted in any position by one or more hydroxy groups. They are important intermediates in a series of biosynthetic processes leading from arachidonic acid to a number of biologically active compounds such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyephedrine
P-Hydroxy-alpha-[1-(methylamino)ethyl]benzyl alcohol;a sympathomimetic agent for the treatment of shock. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyestrones
Hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-ones. Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other oestrogens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyethylrutoside
Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyfatty acid
A fatty acid that has a hydroxyl group covalently attached to it (e.g., in hydroxynervone). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyindole oxidase
<enzyme> P-coumaric acid is hydroxylated to caffeic acid by purified enzyme and hydrogen peroxide is produced ... Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxyindoleacetic acid
<chemical> Chemical name: 1H-Indole-3-acetic acid, 5-hydroxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyisovalerate dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Catalyses the reversible reaction of 2-ketoisovalerate to d-hydroxyisovalerate; consists of a single peptide, mw 53 kD; a highly specific dehydrogenase from fusarium sambucinum ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... Synonym: d-hydroxyisovalerate dehydrogenase, d-hiv dehydrogenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxykynureninuria
An abnormality in tryptophan metabolism, probably due to a defect in kynureninase, characterised by mild mental retardation, migraine-like headaches, and urinary excretion of large amounts of kynurenine, kynurenine-3-monooxygenase, and xanthurenic acid; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyl group
An -OH or alcohol group on a larger molecule. The oxygen is single-bonded to the hydrogen and has one free bond to the rest of the molecule. Molecules with one or more hydroxyl groups are called alcohols. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydroxyl radical
<chemical> Hydroxyl. The univalent radical oh. This radical is characteristic of hydroxides, oxygen acids, alcohols, glycols, phenols, and hemiacetals. ... Chemical name: Hydroxyl ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxylamine dismutase
<enzyme> From extracts of phototropic cultures of phormidium uncinatum; catalyses formation of nitrite and ammonia from h2o2 and nh2oh ... Registry number: EC 1.7.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxylamine oxidase
<enzyme> Catalyses aerobic oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite in the presence of phenazine methosulfate ... Registry number: EC 1.7.3.4 ... Synonym: hydroxylamine oxidoreductase, hydroxylaminoxidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxylamines
Organic compounds that contain the (-nh2oh) radical. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxylamino
The monovalent group, -NH-OH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxylapatite
Synonym for hydroxyapatite ... <chemistry> The calcium phosphate mineral, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, found both in rocks of nonorganic origin and as a component of bone and dentine. Used as column packing for chromatography, particularly for separating double stranded DNA from mixtures containing single stranded DNA. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxylase
<enzyme> A type of enzyme which adds -OH groups to its substrate during hydroxylation reactions by attaching oxygen atoms to it. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydroxylases
<enzyme> Registry number: EC 1.14. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxylation
Hydroxylate, to introduce hydroxyl into (a compound or radical) usually by replacement of hydrogen. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxylysine
Post translationally hydroxylated lysine is found in collagen and commonly has galactose and then glucose added sequentially by glycosyl transferases. The extent of glycosylation varies with the collagen type. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxymandelonitrile lyase
<enzyme> Catalyses the reversible condensation of cyanide with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde to yield 4-hydroxymandelonitrile; can be obtained from plant extracts by immobilised metal ion affinity chromatography ... Registry number: EC 4.1.2.11 ... Synonym: hmn lyase, 4-hydroxymandelonitrile hydroxybenzaldehyde-lyase, hydroxynitrile lyase ... (26 Jun 19 …

hydroxymercuribenzoates
<chemical> Hydrxylated benzoic acid derivatives that contain mercury. Some of these are used as sulfhydryl reagents in biochemical studies. ... Pharmacological action: enzyme inhibitors, sulfhydryl reagents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxymethylbilane synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of hydroxymethylbilane from four molecules of porphobilinogen. ... Chemical name: Porphobilinogen ammonia-lyase (polymerizing) ... Registry number: EC 4.3.1.8 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA from acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA. This is a key enzyme in steroid biosynthesis. ... Chemical name: (S)-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA acetoacetyl-CoA-lyase (CoA-acetylating) ... Registry number: EC 4.1.3.5 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxymethylgutaryl-CoA hydrolase
<enzyme> May be important in regulating mammalian cholesterol synthesis ... Registry number: EC 3.1.2.5 ... Synonym: beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl coenzyme a hydrolase, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl coenzyme a deacylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase
<enzyme> Found in E coli; catalyses th phosphorylation of 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine to 4-amino-5-phosphomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine in the presence of ATP ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.49 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxymethyluracil DNA glycosylase
<enzyme> Functions to eliminate hydroxymethyluracil from oxidatively damaged DNA ... Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- ... Synonym: hmu DNA glycosylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxynervone
A cerebroside containing alpha-hydroxynervonic acid. ... Synonym: oxynervone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxynervonic acid
CH3-(CH2)7-CH==CH-(CH2)12-CH(OH)COOH;an important constituent of certain cerebrosides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyneurosporene desaturase
<enzyme> Involved in carotenoid biosynthesis; specific for hydroxyneurosporene; requires molecular oxygen for the c-3,4 desaturation reaction; isolated from rhodobacter sphaeroides; do not confuse with crtd gene product for methoxyneurosporene desaturase ... Registry number: EC 1.3.3.- ... Synonym: crtd gene product (hydroxyneurosporene), crtd …

hydroxyphenamate
2-Hydroxy-2-phenylbutyl carbamate;a tranquilliser. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyphenylazouracil
<chemical> Inhibitor of DNA replication in gram-positive bacteria. ... Pharmacological action: nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyphenyluria
Urinary excretion of tyrosine and phenylalanine, as a result of ascorbic acid deficiency; occurs notably in those premature infants who lack this vitamin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxypregnenolone
<chemical> Chemical name: Pregn-5-en-20-one, 3,?-dihydroxy-, (3beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyprolinaemia
A metabolic disorder characterised by enhanced plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of free hydroxyproline, and associated with severe mental retardation; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxyproline
Specific proline residues on the amino side of a glycine residue in collagen become hydroxylated at C4, before the polypeptides become helical, by the activity of prolyl hydroxylase. This enzyme has a ferrous ion at the active site and a reducing agent such as ascorbate is necessary to maintain the iron in the ferrous state. The presence of hydroxy …

hydroxyproline oxidase
<enzyme> Oxidises 4-hydroxy-l-proline to delta'-pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate ... Registry number: EC 1.5.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxyproline rich glycoprotein
See: HRGP. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroxypropiophenone
<chemical> Chemical name: 1-Propanone, 1-phenyl-, monohydroxy deriv. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenases
<enzyme> Catalyses reversibly the oxidation of hydroxyl groups of prostaglandins. ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxypyruvate decarboxylase
<enzyme> Catalyses the nonoxidative decarboxylation of hydroxypyruvate to glycolaldehyde and co2; present in a variety of tissues in a number of species ... Registry number: EC 4.1.1.40 ... Synonym: hydroxypyruvate carboxy-lyase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxypyruvate isomerase
<enzyme> Catalyses reversibly the conversion of tartronate semialdehyde into hydroxypyruvate ... Registry number: EC 5.3.1.22 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase
<enzyme> Catalyses oxidative ring fission of hydroxyquinol to yield 3-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate; contains ferric iron; specific for hydroxyquinol ... Registry number: EC 1.13.11.- ... Synonym: 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene 1,2-dioxygenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydroxyquinolines
The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases
<enzyme> Enzymes of the oxidoreductase class that catalyze the dehydrogenation of hydroxysteroids. ... Registry number: EC 1.1.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxysteroids
Steroids in which one or more hydroxy groups have been substituted for hydrogen atoms either within the ring skeleton or on any of the side chains. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxystilbamidine isethionate
2-Hydroxy-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxamidine di-beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate;an antifungal and antiprotozoan agent used in the treatment of the nonprogressive cutaneous form of blastomycosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxytestosterones
17 beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-ones. Testosterone derivatives formed by the substitution of one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroxytoluic acid
Synonym for mandelic acid ... C6H5CHOHCOOH;a urinary antibacterial agent (both bactericidal and bacteriostatic). ... Synonym: hydroxytoluic acid, phenylglycolic acid. ... Origin: Ger. Mandel, almond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase
Synonym for aromatic d-amino-acid decarboxylase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of l-dopa to dopamine, of l-tryptophan to tryptamine, and of l-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin; important in the biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines and melanin. ... Synonym: dopa decarboxylase, hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, tryptophan …

hydroxytryptophol
<chemical> 5-hydroxy-indole-3-ethanol. ... Chemical name: 1H-Indole-3-ethanol, 5-hydroxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...