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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

hydroa
Any bullous eruption. ... Synonym: hidroa. ... Origin: hydro + G. Oon, egg ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroa aestivale
Synonym for hydroa vacciniforme ... A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous zone and resemble a vaccination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroa febrile
Synonym for herpes simplex ... <virology> The Herpes simplex virus is responsible for several different infections in humans: gingivostomatitis (in children), pharyngitis, oral and lip lesions (recurrent Herpes simplex type 1), proctitis, (type 2) and genital herpes (type 2). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hydroa gestationis
Synonym for herpes gestationis ... An itching polymorphous bullous eruption which occurs in pregnancy or the puerperium and which recurs in successive pregnancies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroa herpetiforme
A chronic disease of the skin characterised by severe itching, extensive eruption of vesicles (blisters) and papules which occur in groups. May be associated with an occult malignancy in the elderly patient. ... Treatment includes sulpha-based antibiotics. In some cases this condition may be associated with malabsorption. Relapses are common. ... (27 …

hydroa puerorum
Synonym for hydroa vacciniforme ... A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous zone and resemble a vaccination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroa vacciniforme
A vesicular and bullous eruption having a tendency to recur in summer during childhood and commonly appearing on sun-exposed skin. The lesions are surrounded by an erythematous zone and resemble a vaccination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydroadipsia
Absence of thirst for water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. A-priv. + dipsa, thirst ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroalcoholic
Of or relating to water and alcohol. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hydroalcoholic extract
A solid extract obtained by extracting the soluble principles of the drug with alcohol and water, followed by evaporation of the solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroalcoholic tincture
A tincture made with diluted alcohol in various proportions with water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroappendix
Distention of the vermiform appendix with a serous fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrobranchiata
<marine biology> An extensive artificial division of gastropod mollusks, including those that breathe by gills, as contrasted with the Pulmonifera. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

hydrobromic
<chemistry> Composed of hydrogen and bromine; as, hydrobromic acid. ... <chemistry> Hydrobromic acid, a colourless, pungent, corrosive gas, HBr, usually collected as a solution in water. It resembles hydrochloric acid, but is weaker and less stable. ... Synonym: hydrogen bromide. ... Origin: Hydro-, 2 + bromic. ... Source: Websters Dictiona …

hydrobromic acid
<chemical> Hydrobromic acid (hbr). A solution of hydrogen bromide gas in water. ... Chemical name: Hydrobromic acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocalycosis
A usually symptomless anomaly of the renal calix that is dilated from obstruction of the infundibulum; usually discovered incidentally at pyelography or autopsy; may become infected. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Kalyx, cup of a flower ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocarbon
An organic molecule which consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and no other elements. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrocarbons, acyclic
Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen where no carbon atoms join to form a ring structure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocarbons, alicyclic
Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen. Three or more carbon atoms are arranged in a cyclic structure and they possess aliphatic properties. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocarbons, aromatic
Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen. They are unsaturated hexagonal ring structures with a closed conjugated system of double bonds that gives them the characteristic chemical properties of the parent aromatic hydrocarbon, benzene. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocarbons, cyclic
Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen forming a closed ring that may be either alicyclic or aromatic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocele
An accumulation of serous fluid in a sac-like cavity adjacent the testicle, a swelling due to the accumulation of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis of the testis or in the spermatic cord. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hydrocele colli
Synonym for cervical hydrocele ... A cyst formed by secretion into a persistent duct or fissure of the neck; when it involves lymph channels, it is usually a lymphangioma. ... Synonym: hydrocele colli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocele feminae
Accumulation of serous fluid in the labium majus or in Nuck's canal. ... Synonym: hydrocele muliebris, Nuck's hydrocele. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocele muliebris
Synonym for hydrocele feminae ... Accumulation of serous fluid in the labium majus or in Nuck's canal. ... Synonym: hydrocele muliebris, Nuck's hydrocele. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocele spinalis
Synonym for spina bifida ... A congenital limited defect in the spinal column, characterised by the absence of the vertebral arches through which the spinal membranes and spinal cord may protrude. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hydrocelectomy
<procedure> Excision of a hydrocele. ... Origin: hydrocele + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocephalocele
Synonym for hydrencephalocele ... Protrusion, through a cleft in the skull, of brain substance expanded into a sac containing fluid. ... Synonym: encephalocystocele, hydrocephalocele, hydroencephalocele. ... Origin: hydr-+ G. Enkephalos, brain, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocephalus
A condition marked by dilatation of the cerebral ventricles, most often occurring secondarily to obstruction of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways and accompanied by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull, the fluid is usually under increased pressure, but occasionally may be normal or nearly so. It is typically characterised by enla …

hydrocephalus ex vacuo
Hydrocephalus due to loss or atrophy of brain tissue; less commonly associated with raised intracranial pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocephaly
An increased quantity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the brain that can result in increased pressure. Often the result of a disturbance (obstruction) in the normal CSF circulation or the over-production of CSF. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hydrochloric
<chemistry> Pertaining to, or compounded of, chlorine and hydrogen gas; as, hydrochloric acid; chlorhydric. ... <chemistry> Hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride; a colourless, corrosive gas, HCl, of pungent, suffocating odour. It is made in great quantities in the soda process, by the action of sulphuric acid on common salt. It has a gre …

hydrochloric acid
<chemical> Hydrochloric acid. Solutions of hydrogen chloride gas in water. It is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is present endogenously as the acid component of gastric juice (hydrochloric acid, gastric see gastric acid). ... Chemical name: Hydrochloric acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrochlorothiazide
<chemical> A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including oedema, …

hydrocholecystis
Rarely used term for an effusion of serous fluid into the gallbladder. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Chole, bile, + kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocholeresis
Increased output of a watery bile of low specific gravity, viscosity, and solid content. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Chole, bile, + hairesis, a taking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocholeretic
Pertaining to hydrocholeresis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocodone
<chemical> Narcotic analgesic related to codeine, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, opioid, antitussive agents, narcotics. ... Chemical name: Morphinan-6-one, 4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-, (5alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocolloid
A gelatinous colloid in unstable equilibrium with its contained water, useful in dentistry for impressions because of its dimensional stability under controlled conditions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocolpocele
Accumulation of mucus or other nonsanguineous fluid in the vagina. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Kolpos, bosom (vagina) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortamate hydrochloride
17-Hydroxycorticosterone-21-diethylaminoacetate hydrochloride; cortisol 21-(N,N-diethyl)glycinate hydrochloride;an ester-salt of hydrocortisone, used topically in the treatment of acute and chronic dermatoses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortisone
<chemical> (11 beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. The main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. ... Pharmacologic …

hydrocortisone acetate
Hydrocortisone 21-acetate;similar actions and uses as hydrocortisone. ... Synonym: cortisol acetate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortisone cypionate
The cyclopentanepropionic ester of cortisone, for oral administration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortisone hydrogen succinate
A form of hydrocortisone administered intravenously. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortisone sodium phosphate
Hydrocortisone 21-(disodium phosphate);an anti-inflammatory agent for intravenous or intramuscular administration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortisone sodium succinate
A very soluble ester salt of hydrocortisone (cortisol), used parenterally in the management of emergencies resulting from acute adrenal insufficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocortisone, topical
Hydrocortisone that is applied topically as an anti-inflammatory agent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrocotarnine
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3-dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline;an alkaloidal principle derived from cotarnine; it is the basic hydrolytic product of narcotine; also obtained from the mother liquors of thebaine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocupreine
10,11-Dihydro-6'-hydroxycinchonan-9-ol;its 6' ethers are used as antiseptics, e.g., euprocin hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocyanic
<chemistry> Pertaining to, or derived from the combination of, hydrogen and cyanogen. ... <chemistry> Hydrocyanic acid, a colourless, mobile, volatile liquid, HCN, having a characteristic peach-blossom odour. It is one of the most deadly poisons. It is made by the action of sulphuric acid on yellow prussiate of potassium (potassium ferro …

hydrocyanic acid
HCN;a colourless, very toxic liquid, with the odour of bitter almonds, present in bitter almonds (amygdalin), the stones of peaches, plums and other fruits, and laurel leaves; inhalation of 300 p.p.m. Causes death. ... Synonym: hydrogen cyanide, prussic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocyanism
Poisoning with hydrocyanic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocyst
A cyst with clear, watery contents. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrocystoma
1. An eruption of deeply seated vesicles, due to retention of fluid in the sweat follicles. ... Synonym: hidrocystoma. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Kystis, bladder, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrodipsia
Water thirst, a characteristic of animals that ordinarily drink water. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Dipsa, thirst ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrodipsomania
<psychiatry> Periodic episodes of uncontrollable thirst, occasionally found in epileptic patients. ... Origin: hydro-+ G. Dipsa, thirst, + mania, frenzy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrodiuresis
Diuresis effected by water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrodynamics
That branch of the science of mechanics which relates to fluids, or, as usually limited, which treats of the laws of motion and action of nonelastic fluids, whether as investigated mathematically, or by observation and experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to water and other fluids. ... The word is sometimes used as a general term, incl …

hydroelectric bath
Synonym for electric bath ... A bath in which the medium is charged with electricity. ... Synonym: hydroelectric bath. ... Therapeutic application of static electricity, with the patient placed on an insulated platform. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroelectric power
The generation of electricity using falling water. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

hydroencephalocele
Synonym for hydrencephalocele ... Protrusion, through a cleft in the skull, of brain substance expanded into a sac containing fluid. ... Synonym: encephalocystocele, hydrocephalocele, hydroencephalocele. ... Origin: hydr-+ G. Enkephalos, brain, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydroflumethiazide
<chemical> A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide. ... Pharmacological action: antihypertensive agents, diuretics, thiazide. ... Chemical name: 2H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, 3,4-dihydro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-, 1,1-dioxide ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrofluoric
<chemistry> Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen and fluorine; fluohydric; as, hydrofluoric acid. ... <chemistry> Hydrofluoric acid, a colourless, mobile, volatile liquid, HF, very corrosive in its action, and having a strong, pungent, suffocating odour. It is produced by the action of sulphuric acid on fluorite, and is usually collect …

hydrofluoric acid
<chemical> Hydrofluoric acid. A solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. It is a colourless fuming liquid which can cause painful burns. ... Chemical name: Hydrofluoric acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrogel
A colloid in which the particles are in the external or dispersion phase and water in the internal or dispersed phase. ... Compare: hydrosol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen
<chemistry, element> Hydrogen is a gas element which has an atomic number of 1 and an atomic weight of 1.0079. It combines with oxygen to form water (H20) and is present in all organic compounds. A few types of bacteria can metabolise atmospheric hydrogen (H2). Hydrogen gas itself is not poisonous, but when it mixes with air it can easily ign …

hydrogen acceptor
Synonym for hydrogen carrier ... A molecule that, in conjunction with a tissue enzyme system, carries hydrogen from one metabolite (oxidant) to another (reductant) or to molecular oxygen to form H2O. ... Synonym: hydrogen acceptor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen bomb
<physics> An extremely powerful type of atomic bomb based on nuclear fusion. The atoms of heavy isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium and tritium) undergo fusion when subjected to the immense heat and pressure generated by the explosion of a nuclear fission unit in the bomb. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrogen bond
<chemistry> A weak electrostatic link between an electronegative atom (such asoxygen) and a hydrogen atom which is linked covalently to anotherelectronegative atom, hydrogen bonding is what makes water stick toitself. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrogen bonding
A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrogen bromide
HBr;a colourless gas that has a very irritating odour and fumes in moist air; in aqueous solution, it is hydrobromic acid. ... Hydrogen chloride, HCl;a very soluble gas which, in solution, forms hydrochloric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen carrier
A molecule that, in conjunction with a tissue enzyme system, carries hydrogen from one metabolite (oxidant) to another (reductant) or to molecular oxygen to form H2O. ... Synonym: hydrogen acceptor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen cyanide
<chemical> Hydrogen cyanide (hcn). A toxic liquid or colourless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials. ... Pharmacological action: poisons. ... Chemical name: Hydrocyanic acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrogen dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Hoxf, hoxh, hoxu, and hoxy from rhodococcus opacus encode the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-subunits, respectively ... Registry number: EC 1.12.1.2 ... Synonym: hydrogen-nad+ oxidoreductase, nad-reducing hydrogenase, hoxf gene product, hoxu gene product, hoxy gene product, hoxh gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydrogen dioxide
Synonym for hydrogen peroxide ... <chemical> Hydrogen peroxide is produced by vertebrate phagocytes and is used in bacterial killing (the myeloperoxidase halide system). ... (05 May 1997) ...

hydrogen donor
A metabolite from which hydrogen is removed (by a dehydrogenase system) and transferred by a hydrogen carrier to another metabolite, which is thus reduced. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen electrode
The ultimate standard of reference in all pH determinations, limited and technically difficult to use, consisting of a piece of spongy platinum black partly immersed in a solution in a small glass tube; the tube above the solution is filled with hydrogen gas that is bubbled through the solution and absorbed by the platinum; the electrode thus measu …

hydrogen embrittlement
<physics> A decrease in the fracture strength of metals (embrittlement) due to the incorporation of hydrogen within the metal lattice. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrogen exponent
The logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in blood or other fluid; its negative is the pH of that fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen ion
A hydrogen atom minus its electron and therefore carrying a unit positive charge (i.e., a proton); in water, it combines with a water molecule to form hydronium ion, H3O+. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen number
The quantity of hydrogen that 1 g of fat will absorb; it is a measurement of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the fat. ... See: iodine number. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen peroxide
<chemical> Hydrogen peroxide is produced by vertebrate phagocytes and is used in bacterial killing (the myeloperoxidase halide system). ... (05 May 1997) ...

hydrogen phosphide
Synonym for phosphine ... <chemistry> A colourless gas, PH3, analogous to ammonia, and having a disagreeable odour resembling that of garlic. ... Synonym: hydrogen phosphide, and formerly, phosphureted hydrogen. ... It is the most important compound of phosphorus and hydrogen, and is produced by the action of caustic potash on phosphorus. It is …

hydrogen pump
Molecular mechanism for acid secretion from gastric parietal cells based on the activity of a H+-K+-ATPase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen sulfide
<chemical> Hydrogen sulfide (h2s). A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. ... Chemical name: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hydrogen transport
The transfer of hydrogen from one metabolite (hydrogen donor) to another (hydrogen acceptor) through the action of an enzyme system; the donor is thus oxidised and the acceptor reduced. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen-1
The common hydrogen-1 isotope, making up 99.985% of the hydrogen-1 atoms occurring in nature. ... Synonym: protium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen-2
The isotope of hydrogen-2 of atomic weight 2; the less common stable isotope of hydrogen-2 making up 0.015% of the hydrogen-2 atoms occurring in nature. ... Synonym: deuterium, heavy hydrogen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen-3
A hydrogen isotope of atomic weight 3; weakly radioactive, emitting beta particles to become the stable helium-3; half-life, 12.32 years. ... Synonym: tritium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase
<enzyme> A group of enzymes which are involved in the reversible synthesis of ATP and that transport protons from the cytoplasmic to the matrix side of the mitochondrial membrane. The flow of protons through the f(0) channel results in ATP synthesis by f1. ... Chemical name: ATP phosphohydrolase (H+-transporting) ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.3 …

hydrogenase
<enzyme> An enzyme which oxidizes hydrogen (removes its electrons) and attaches it to another molecule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrogenation
<chemistry> The adding of hydrogen to another molecule. ... <biochemistry> The adding of hydrogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons or fatty acids (hydrocarbons or fatty acids which contain carbon-carbon double bonds). Oils and fats used in making prepared foods are often hydrogenated to improve their shelf life. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrogenlyase
Synonym for hydrogenase ... <enzyme> An enzyme which oxidizes hydrogen (removes its electrons) and attaches it to another molecule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hydrogenobyrinic acid synthase
<enzyme> Pseudomonas denitrificans enzyme which is proposed to transfer a methyl group from c-11 to c-12 of precorrin-8x ... Registry number: EC 5.4.99.- ... Synonym: cobh gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hydrogenosome
<cell biology> Organelle found in certain anaerobic trichomonad and some ciliate protozoa: contains hydrogenase and produces hydrogen from glycolysis. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (05 May 1997) ...

hydrogensulfite reductase
<enzyme> Catalyses the reduction of sulfite mainly to trithionate with concomitant formation of thiosulfate and sulfide in the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway; see also trithionate reductase system ... Registry number: EC 1.8.99.3 ... Synonym: bisulfite reductase, dissimilatory sulfite reductase, desulfoviridin, desulforubidin, desulfof …

hydrography
1. The art of measuring and describing the sea, lakes, rivers, and other waters, with their phenomena. ... 2. That branch of surveying which embraces the determination of the contour of the bottom of a harbor or other sheet of water, the depth of soundings, the position of channels and shoals, with the construction of charts exhibiting these particu …

hydroidea
<zoology> An extensive order of Hydrozoa or Acalephae. ... Alternative forms: Hydroida. ... This order includes the hydras and the free-swimming hydromedusae, together with a great variety of marine attached hydroids, many of which grow up into large, elegantly branched forms, consisting of a vast number of zooids (hydranths, gonophores, etc), …

hydrokinetic
Pertaining to the motion of fluids and the forces giving rise to such motion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...