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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

cetacea
An order of wholly aquatic mammals occurring in all the oceans and adjoining seas of the world, as well as in certain river systems. Some cetaceans are the only animals other than elephants that have a brain larger than man's. most have eyes well adapted to underwater vision and can also see well above water. They produce numerous underwater sounds …

cetaceum
Synonym: spermaceti. ... Origin: G. Ketos, a whale ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetalkonium chloride
Benzylhexadecyldimethylammonium chloride;an antibacterial agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cethexonium bromide
Hexadecyl(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)dimethylammonium bromide;an antiseptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetirizine
<chemical> A potent second-generation histamine h1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects. ... Pharmacological action: anti-allergic agents, histamine h1 antagonists. …

cetomacrogol
<chemical> Non-ionic surfactant of the polyethylene glycol family. It is used as a solubiliser and emulsifying agent in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, often as an ointment base, and also as a research tool. ... Pharmacological action: excipient, surface-active agent. ... Chemical name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-hexadecyl-omega-hyd …

cetostearyl alcohol
A component of the hydrophilic ointment ingredient known as emulsifying wax; a mixture of solid aliphatic alcohols consisting chiefly of stearyl and cetyl alcohols. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetraria
The dried plant, Cetraria islandica (family Parmeliaceae), a lichen, not a moss, used as a demulcent and as a folk remedy for bronchitis. ... Synonym: Iceland moss. ... Origin: L. Caetra, a short Spanish shield (from shape of the apothecia) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetrimonium bromide
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide;an antiseptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetrimonium compounds
Cetyltrimethylammonium compounds that have cationic detergent, antiseptic, and disinfectant activities. They are used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics as preservatives; on skin, mucous membranes, etc., as antiseptics or cleansers, and also as emulsifiers. These compounds are toxic when used orally due to neuromuscular blockade. ... (12 Dec 1 …

cetyl
The univalent radical C16H33-of cetyl alcohol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetyl alcohol
The 16-carbon alcohol corresponding to palmitic acid, so called because it is isolated from among the hydrolysis products of spermaceti; it is used as an emulsifying aid and in the preparation of 'washable' ointment bases. ... Synonym: 1-hexadecanol, palmityl alcohol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetyl palmitate
C15H31CO-OC16H 31;a wax; the chief constituent of spermaceti. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetylpyridinium
<chemical> Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges. ... Pharmacological action: anti-infective agents, local, detergents. ... Chemical name: Pyridinium, 1-hexadecyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cetylpyridinium chloride
The monohydrate of the quaternary salt of pyridine and cetyl chloride; a cationic detergent with antiseptic action against nonsporulating bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
Cetrimide;a mixture of dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromides; an odourless surface-active agent, readily soluble in water; a disinfectant with a strong bacteriostatic action, used for the sterilization of instruments and utensils. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cevadilla
Synonym: sabadilla. ... Origin: Sp. Dim. Of cebada, barley ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cevadine
C32H49NO9;an alkaloid occurring in the seeds of Schoenocaulon officinale (Sabadilla officinarum), family Liliaceae; highly irritating to skin and mucous membranes. ... See: veratrine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cevitamic acid
Synonym for ascorbic acid ... <biochemistry> A requisite in the diet of man and guinea pigs. May act as a reducing agent in enzymic reactions, particularly those catalysed by hydroxylases. ... Synonym: Vitamin C. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Ceylon cinnamon
Synonym for cinnamon ... Cinnamomum zeylanicum, an evergreen tree of the laurel family (lauraceae), and its dried inner bark used as a spice or medicinally. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ceylon moss
A red seaweed; a source of agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Cf
<abbreviation> Citrovorum factor; coupling factor. ... Symbol for californium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CF antibody
Synonym for complement-fixing antibody ... Antibody that combines with and sensitises antigen leading to the activation of complement, which may result in cell lysis. ... Synonym: CF antibody, sensitizing substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CF lead
A bipolar chest lead with the negative electrode placed on the subject's left leg. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CF test
Synonym for complement fixation ... <immunology> Binding of complement as a result of its interaction with immune complexes (the classical pathway) or particular surfaces (alternative pathway). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

CFF
<abbreviation> Critical fusion frequency. ... See: critical flicker fusion frequency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CG
<abbreviation> Chorionic gonadotropin; phosgene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CGA
<abbreviation> Catabolite gene activator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CGD
Synonym for chronic granulomatous disease ... <disease> Chronic granulomatous disease is usually fatal in childhood, in which the production of hydrogen peroxide by phagocytes does not occur because of a lesion in an NADP dependent oxidase. ... Catalase negative bacteria are not killed and there is no luminol enhanced chemiluminescence when the …

CGL-1-CSP-B protease
<enzyme> Amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: cathepsin g-like protease-1 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

cGMP
Synonym for cyclic GMP ... <molecular biology> 3'5' cyclic ester of GMP. A second messenger generated by guanylyl cyclase. ... See: ANP, Nitric oxide. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

CGP
<abbreviation> Chorionic 'growth hormone-prolactin'. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CGRP
Synonym for calcitonin gene-related peptide ... <protein> A second product transcribed from the calcitonin gene. Calcitonin gene related peptide is found in a number of tissues including nervous tissue. It is a vasodilator that may participate in the cutaneous triple response. ... It is a neuropeptide of 37 amino acids with structural homology …

cgs
<abbreviation> Centimeter-gram-second. ... See: centimeter-gram-second system, centimeter-gram-second unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CH
<abbreviation> Crown-heel length. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ch B
<abbreviation> Chirurgiae Baccalaureus, Bachelor of Surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ch D
<abbreviation> Chirurgiae Doctor, Doctor of Surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ch'I
The vital life force in the body, supposedly able to be regulated by acupuncture. It corresponds roughly to the greek pneuma, the latin spiritus, and the ancient indian prana. The concept of life-breath or vital energy was formulated as an indication of the awareness of man, originally directed externally toward nature or society but later turned i …

Ch1
<abbreviation> Christchurch chromosome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ch3 choline
<chemistry> An alcohol [formula: HO-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)2] which is a part of acetylcholine, a chemical that transmits information between nerve cells. ... (21 Mar 1998) ...

Chabertia
A genus of strongyle nematodes parasitic in animals. The species Chabertia ovina, the bowel worm, is found in the digestive tract of sheep, goats, cattle, and some wild animals; it feeds on the mucosa of the gut, where in large numbers it can produce considerable damage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chad
A republic in central africa, west of sudan. Its capital is n'djamena, called fort-lamy before 1973. Explored in 1891 by the french, it became part of french equatorial africa in 1910 and, after many changes of status, became independent in 1960. The republic is named from lake chad, from the arabic tsad, a local word meaning large expanse of water …

Chaddock reflex
Synonym for Chaddock sign ... <clinical sign> When the external malleolar skin area is irritated, extension of the great toe occurs in cases of organic disease of the corticospinal reflex paths. ... Synonym: Chaddock reflex, external malleolar sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chaddock sign
<clinical sign> When the external malleolar skin area is irritated, extension of the great toe occurs in cases of organic disease of the corticospinal reflex paths. ... Synonym: Chaddock reflex, external malleolar sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chaddock, Charles
<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1861-1936. ... See: Chaddock reflex, Chaddock sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chadwick, James
<person> U.S. Gynecologist, 1844-1905. ... See: Chadwick's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chadwick's sign
<clinical sign> A bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina, a sign of pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chaeta
Synonym: seta. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. G. Chaite, stiff hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chaetomium
A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family chaetomiaceae, order sordariales including several that are destructive to paper, plastics, and other materials. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chafe
To cause irritation of the skin by friction. ... Origin: Fr. Chauffer, to heat, fr. L. Calefacio, to make warm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chaff
<plant biology> Thin, membranous scales or bracts, thin, dry unfertilized ovules among the fully developed seeds of a fruit. ... (21 Mar 1998) ...

chagas cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy with conduction defects and cardiac enlargement characteristic of the last phase of chagas disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Chagas disease
<infectious disease> A parasitic disease caused by the American strain, Trypanosoma cruzi. ... Chagas disease is usually transmitted by the bite of the kissing bug, but may also follow breast feeding (to infants) and blood transfusion. Although much more common in South America, it does, on rare occasions, occur in the U.S.A. ... A nodular swel …

Chagas-Cruz disease
Synonym for South American trypanosomiasis ... Trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma (or Schizotrypanum) cruzi and transmitted by certain species of reduviid (triatomine) bugs. In its acute form, it is seen most frequently in young children, with swelling of the skin at the site of entry, most often the face, and regional lymph node enlargement; in …

Chagas, Carlos
<person> Brazilian physician, 1879-1934. ... See: Chagas' disease, Chagas-Cruz disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chagas' disease
Synonym for South American trypanosomiasis ... Trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma (or Schizotrypanum) cruzi and transmitted by certain species of reduviid (triatomine) bugs. In its acute form, it is seen most frequently in young children, with swelling of the skin at the site of entry, most often the face, and regional lymph node enlargement; in …

chagasic myocardiopathy
Heart muscle disease due to Chagas' disease (caused by Trypanosoma cruzi) in which right bundle branch block is common. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chagoma
The skin lesion in acute Chagas' disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chagres virus
A virus in the family Bunyaviridae, an agent of bunyavirus encephalitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chain
1. In chemistry, a series of atoms held together by one or more covalent bonds. ... 2. In bacteriology, a linear arrangement of living cells that have divided in one plane and remain attached to each other. ... Origin: L. Catena ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chain isomer
<chemistry> One of two or more compounds having the same chemical composition but differing in the arrangement of the atoms (usually carbon atoms) forming the backbone of the structure of the compounds. ... (21 Mar 1998) ...

chain reaction
A reaction in which a product reacts and thus continues the reaction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chain reflex
A series of reflexs, each serving as a stimulus for the next. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chain-compensated spirometer
A Tissot spirometer in which compensation for change in bell buoyancy is accomplished automatically by a suspending chain of correct mass per unit length. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chain, orthodontic chain
<dentistry> A stretchable plastic chain used to hold archwires into brackets and to moke teeth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

chaining
Learning related behaviours in a series in which each response serves as a stimulus for the next response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chair form
The more stable of two conformations assumed by 6-membered cyclic sugars (e.g., the pyranoses) or cyclohexane derivatives, as opposed to boat form. ... See: Haworth conformational formulas of cyclic sugars. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalasia
Inhibition and relaxation of any previously sustained contraction of muscle, usually of a synergic group of muscles. ... Origin: G. Chalao, to loosen ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalaza
In botany terminology, the part of an ovule to which the end of the stalk (funicle) is attached. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chalazion
A cyst within the eyelid due to a plugging of the Meibomian gland (in the eyelid). ... Treatment includes warm wet compresses. Surgical drainage may be required for those which do not respond to conservative measures. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

chalcogen
One of the elements in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chalcogens
The group of elements that form group vi of the periodic table. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chalcone
An organic molecule prepared by aldol condensation of acetophenone andbenzaldehyde. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chalcone isomerase
<enzyme> Required for biosynthesis of flavonoid pigments and isoflavonoid phytoalexins; ubiquitous in all plants studied ... Registry number: EC 5.5.1.6 ... Synonym: chalcone-flavanone isomerase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

chalcone michael allen
An organic molecule prepared by aldol condensation of acetophenone andbenzaldehyde. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chalcone reductase
<enzyme> Nadph-dependent enzyme from plants; forms 4,2',4'-trihydoxychalcone (6'-deoxychalcone) ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

chalcosis
Chronic copper poisoning. ... Synonym: chalkitis. ... Origin: G. Chalkos, copper, brass ... Chalcosis lentis, a cataract caused by excessive intraocular copper. ... Synonym: copper cataract, sunflower cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalice cell
Synonym for goblet cell ... 1. <pathology> Cell of the epithelial lining of small intestine that secretes mucus and has a very well developed Golgi apparatus. ... 2. <zoology> Cell type characteristic of larval lepidopteran midgut, containing a potent H ATPase and thought to be involved in maintenance of ion and pH gradients. ... (10 Oct 1 …

chalice sign
<radiology> Dilatation of ureter distal to neoplasm, not seen with calculi or thrombi ... Synonym: Bergman sign ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chalicosis
Pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of dust incident to the occupation of stone cutting. ... Synonym: flint disease. ... Origin: G. Chalix, gravel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalinoplasty
An obsolete term for the correction of defects of the mouth and lips, especially of the corners of the mouth. ... Origin: G. Chalinos, bridle, corner of the mouth, + plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalk
Synonym: calcium carbonate. ... Origin: L. Calx ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalkitis
Synonym: chalcosis. ... Origin: G. Chalkos, copper, brass ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

challenge diet
A diet in which one or more specific substances are included for the purpose of determining whether an abnormal reaction occurs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalone
<biochemistry> Cell released tissue specific inhibitor of cell proliferation thought to be responsible for regulating the size of a population of cells. Contentious. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chalybeate
An obsolete term for impregnated with or containing iron salts and for a therapeutic agent containing iron. ... Origin: G. Chalyps (chalyb-), steel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chalybeate water
A water that contains salts of iron in appreciable quantities. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamazulene
1,4-Dimethyl-7-ethylazulene;an anti-inflammatory agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamber
A compartment or enclosed space. ... See: camera. ... Origin: L. Camera ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chamberlain procedure
A limited left anterior thoracostomy for biopsy of the mediastinal nodes out of reach by cervical mediastinoscopy. ... Synonym: anterior mediastinotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chamberlain, W
<person> U.S. Radiologist, 1891-1947. ... See: Chamberlain's line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamberlain's line
<radiology> Line from posterior hard palate to posterior lip of foramen magnum, if dens greater than 3mm above line most likely to be basilar invagination see also: McGregor's line (easier to use) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Chamberlen forceps
The original obstetrical forceps, without a curvature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Chamberlen, Peter
<person> English obstetrician, 1560-1631. ... See: Chamberlen forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamecephalic
Having a flat head; denoting a skull with a vertical index of 70 or less; similar to tapinocephalic. ... Synonym: chamecephalous. ... Origin: G. Chamai, on the ground (low, stunted), + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamecephalous
Synonym for chamecephalic ... Having a flat head; denoting a skull with a vertical index of 70 or less; similar to tapinocephalic. ... Synonym: chamecephalous. ... Origin: G. Chamai, on the ground (low, stunted), + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chameprosopic
Having a broad face. ... Origin: G. Chamai (adv.), on the ground (low, spread out), + prosopikos, facial ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamfer
A marginal finish on an extracoronal cavity preparation of a tooth which describes a curve from an axial wall to the cavosurface. ... Origin: fr. O.Fr. Chanfrein(t), beveled edge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chamomile
The flowering heads of Anthemis nobilis (family Compositae); a stomachic. ... Synonym: camomile. ... Origin: G. Chamaimelon, chamomile, fr. Chamai, on the ground, + melon, apple ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CHAMPUS
The Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (in the United States). CHAMPUS is a federally-funded health program that provides beneficiaries with medical care supplemental to that available in military and Public Health Service (PHS) facilities. All CHAMPUS beneficiaries move over to Medicare at age 65. CHAMPUS is like Medicar …