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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

cement base
<dentistry> A layer of dental cement, sometimes medicated, that is placed in the deep portion of a cavity preparation to protect the pulp, reduce the bulk of a metallic restoration, or eliminate undercuts. ... Synonym: cavity preparation base. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cement corpuscle
<dentistry> A cementocyte contained within a lacuna or crypt of the cementum of a tooth; an entrapped cementoblast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cement line
The refractile boundary of an osteon or interstitial lamellar system in compact bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cemental caries
<dentistry> Caries of the cementum of a tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementation
<orthopaedics> The joining of objects by means of a cement (e.g., in fracture fixation, such as in hip arthroplasty for joining of the acetabular component to the femoral component). ... <dentistry> It is used for the process of attaching parts of a tooth or restorative material to a natural tooth or for the attaching of orthodontic band …

cementicle
<dentistry> A calcified spherical body, composed of cementum lying free within the periodontal membrane, attached to the cementum or imbedded within it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementification
Metaplastic production of cementum or cementoid within a less differentiated connective tissue, e.g., cementification of a fibroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementoblast
<pathology> One of the cells concerned with the formation of the layer of cementum on the roots of teeth. ... Origin: L. Cementum, cement, + G. Blastos, germ ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementoblastoma
<tumour> A benign odontogenic tumour of functional cementoblasts; it appears as a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion attached to a tooth root and may cause expansion of the bone cortex or be associated with pain. ... Synonym: benign cementoblastoma, true cementoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementoclasia
Destruction of cementum by cementoclasts. ... Origin: L. Cementum, cement, + G. Klasis, fracture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementoclast
<pathology> One of the multinucleated giant cells, identical with osteoclasts, that are associated with the resorption of cementum. ... Origin: L. Cementum, cement, + G. Klastos, broken ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementocyte
<pathology> An osteocyte-like cell with numerous processes, trapped in a lacuna in the cementum of the tooth. ... Origin: L. Cementum, cement, + G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementodentinal
Synonym for dentinocemental ... Relating to the dentin and cementum of teeth. ... Synonym: cementodentinal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementodentinal junction
<dentistry> The surface at which the cementum and dentin of the root of a tooth are joined. ... Synonym: dentinocemental junction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementoenamel junction
<dentistry> The surface at which the enamel of the crown and the cementum of the root of a tooth are joined. ... See: cervical line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementogenesis
<dentistry> The development of the cementum over the root dentin of a tooth. ... Origin: cementum + G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cementoma
<dentistry> An odontogenic fibroma in which cells have developed into cementoblasts and which consists largely of cementum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cementum
<dentistry> A bony substance covering the root of a tooth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

cementum hyperplasia
Synonym for hypercementosis ... A regressive change of teeth characterised by excessive development of secondary cementum on the tooth surface. It may occur on any part of the root, but the apical two-thirds are most commonly affected. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cenesthesia
The general sense of bodily existence; the sensation caused by the functioning of the internal organs. ... Synonym: coenesthesia, sixth sense. ... Origin: G. Koinos, common, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cenesthesic
Relating to cenesthesia. ... Alternative form: cenesthetic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cenesthopathy
Rarely used term for a feeling or sense of general ill-being not related to any particular organ or part of the body. ... Origin: G. Koinos, common, + aisthesis, sensation, + pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ceno-
1. Shared in common. ... Origin: G. Koinos, common ... 2. New, fresh. ... Origin: G. Kainos, new ... 3. Emptiness (rare). ... See: coeno-. ... Origin: G. Kenos, empty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cenocyte
Synonym for coenocyte ... <biology> Organism that is not subdivided into cells but has many nuclei within a mass of cytoplasm (a syncytium), as for example some fungi and algae and the acellular slime mould Physarum. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cenocytic
Pertaining to or having characteristics of a cenocyte. ... Synonym: coenocytic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cenosite
A facultative commensal organism; one that can sustain itself apart from its usual host. ... Synonym: coinosite. ... Origin: G. Koinos, common, + sitos, food ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cenotrope
A scientifically more accurate term than the earlier 'instinct', denoting the behaviour pattern shown by all members of a large group having the same biologic equipment and same experience. ... Origin: G. Koinos, common, + trope, a turning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

CENP antigens
<molecular biology> Proteins of the kinetochore (CENP A 27 kD, CENP B 80 kD, CENP C 140 kD and CENP D 50 kD) that react strongly with antibodies from CREST sera. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

censor
In psychoanalytic theory, the psychic barrier that prevents certain unconscious thoughts and wishes from coming to consciousness unless they are so cloaked or disguised as to be unrecognizable. ... Origin: L. A judge, critic, fr. Censeo, to value, judge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

census
An enumeration of a population, originally for taxation and military purposes, now with many other purposes; basic facts about all persons-age, sex, occupation, nature of residence, etc.- are recorded at the census, which often also includes some information about health status. ... Origin: L., fr. Censeo, to count ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

censuses
Enumerations of populations usually recording identities of all persons in every place of residence with age or date of birth, sex, occupation, national origin, language, marital status, income, relation to head of household, information on the dwelling place, education, literacy, health-related data (e.g., permanent disability), etc. The census or …

centchroman
<chemical> A non-steroidal anti-fertility agent with anti-hormonal properties. ... Pharmacological action: contraceptives, postcoital, synthetic, oestrogen antagonists. ... Chemical name: Pyrrolidine, 1-(2-(4-(3,4-dihydro-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)phenoxy)ethyl)-, trans- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

centering force
<physics, radiobiology> Term for the mutual attraction between the parallel currents in the inboard leg of the toroidal field coils in a toroidal magnetic fusion system. The portion of the coil running through the doughnut hole is attracted towards the centre of the hole. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

centers of origin
<agriculture> Usually the location in the world where the oldest cultivation of a particular crop has been identified. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

centesis
Puncture, especially when used as a suffix, as in paracentesis. ... Origin: G. Kentesis, puncture, fr. Kenteo, to prick, pierce ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centi-
<prefix, unit> A metric prefix indicating 1/100 th of a given unit. For example, one centimetre is 1/100 th of a metre. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

centibar
One hundredth of a bar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centigrade
Synonym for Celsius ... <unit> A measurement of temperature (Celsius or Centigrade) that is commonly used in Europe. ... Normal body temperature is considered to be 37 degrees Celsius or 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Body temperature can vary 1/2 degree Celsius above or below 37 C and still be considered normal. Body temperature varies with many fac …

centigrade scale
A thermometer scale in which there are 100 degrees between the freezing point of water (assigned the value of 0.0°C) and the boiling point of water at sea level; technically, supplanted by the Celsius scale. ... Compare: Celsius scale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centigram
One hundredth of a gram; 0.15432358 grain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centile
One-hundredth. ... Origin: L. Centum, one hundred, + -ilis, adj. Suffix ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centiliter
10 Milliliters; one hundredth of a liter; 162.3073 minims (U.S.). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centimeter
One hundredth of a meter; 0.3937008 inch. ... Cubic centimeter (cc, c.c.), one thousandth of a liter; 1 milliliter. ... Abbreviation: cm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centimeter-gram-second system
The scientific system of expressing the fundamental physical units of length, mass, and time, and those units derived from them, in centimeters, grams, and seconds; currently being replaced by the International System of Units based on the meter, kilogram, and second. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centimeter-gram-second unit
<unit> An absolute unit of the centimeter-gram-second system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centimorgan
<genetics, unit> A unit of measure of recombination frequency. One centimorgan is equal to a 1% chance that a marker at one genetic locus will be separated from a marker at a second locus due to crossing over in a single generation. ... In human beings, 1 centimorgan is equivalent, on average, to 1million base pairs. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

centinormal
One hundredth normal; denoting the concentration of a solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centipede
A venomous predatory arthropod of the order Chilopoda, characterised by one pair of legs per leg-bearing segment. The venom is injected through the first pair of leg-like appendages, modified into piercing claws; the bites may be painful and locally necrotic, but seldom are dangerous, except to very young children. Genera found in the U.S. Include …

centipoise
One hundredth of a poise. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centra
Plural of centrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centractin
<cell biology> An actin homologue (50% homology with muscle actin, 70% if conservative substitutions are taken into account) associated with the vertebrate centrosome. Highly conserved between species. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

centrad
1. Toward the centre. ... 2. A unit of measurement of the refracting strength of a prism; it corresponds to the deviation of a ray of light, the arc of which is 1/100 of the radius of the circle, or 0.57°. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

centrage
The condition in which the optical centres of all the reflecting and refracting surfaces of an optical system are on the same axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central africa
<geography> The geographical area of africa comprising cameroon, central african republic, chad, congo, equatorial guinea, gabon, and democratic republic of the congo. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

central amputation
Amputation in which the flaps are so united that the cicatrix runs across the end of the stump. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central angiospastic retinitis
An obsolete term for central serous choroidopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central angiospastic retinopathy
Synonym for central serous choroidopathy ... Detachment of the sensory retina induced by decreased adhesion between cells of the retinal pigment epithelium which permits plasma from the choriocapillaris to enter subretinal space. ... Synonym: central angiospastic retinopathy, central serous retinopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central apnea
Apnea as the result of medullary depression which inhibits respiratory movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central apparatus
The centrosome and centrosphere. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central areolar choroidal atrophy
Synonym for areolar choroidopathy ... A slowly progressive pigmentary degeneration in young persons; characterised by black foci closely set together and coalescent at the posterior pole and macular region. ... Synonym: central areolar choroidal atrophy, central areolar choroidal sclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central areolar choroidal sclerosis
Synonym for areolar choroidopathy ... A slowly progressive pigmentary degeneration in young persons; characterised by black foci closely set together and coalescent at the posterior pole and macular region. ... Synonym: central areolar choroidal atrophy, central areolar choroidal sclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central artery
Synonym for central sulcal artery ... <anatomy, artery> A branch of the terminal part of the middle cerebral artery distributed to the cortex on either side of the central sulcus. ... Synonym: arteria sulci centralis, artery of central sulcus, central artery, Rolandic artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central artery of retina
A branch of the ophthalmic artery which penetrates the optic nerve 1 cm behind the eye to enter the eye at the optic papilla in the retina; it divides into superior and inferior temporal and nasal branches. ... Synonym: arteria centralis retinae, arteria retinae centralis, Zinn's artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central atom
<physics> The atom to which the other atoms are bonded in a small molecule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

central bearing
In dentistry, application of forces between the maxillae and mandible at a single point located as near as possible to the centre of the supporting areas of the upper and lower jaws; used for the purpose of distributing closing forces evenly throughout the areas of the supporting structures during the recording of maxillomandibular (jaw) relations …

central body
Synonym for cytocentrum ... A zone of cytoplasm containing one or two centrioles but devoid of other organelles; usually located near the nucleus of a cell. ... Synonym: cell centre, central body, centrosome, cinocentrum, kinocentrum, microcentrum. ... Origin: cyto-+ G. Kentron, centre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central bone
Synonym for os centrale ... A small bone occasionally found at the dorsal aspect of the wrist between the scaphoid, capitate, and trapezoid; it is developed as an independent cartilage in early foetal life but usually becomes fused with the scaphoid; it occurs normally in most monkeys. ... Synonym: central bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central bone of ankle
Synonym for navicular bone ... A bone of the tarsus on the medial side of the foot articulating with the head of the talus, the three cuneiform bones, and occasionally the cuboid. ... Synonym: os naviculare, central bone of ankle, os centrale tarsi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central bradycardia
Bradycardia due to disease of the central nervous system, usually with increased intracranial pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central callus
The callus within the medullary cavity of a fractured bone. ... Synonym: medullary callus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central canal
The ependyma-lined lumen (cavity) of the neural tube, the cerebral part of which remains patent to form the ventricles of the brain, while the spinal part in the adult often is reduced to a solid strand of modified ependyma. ... Synonym: canalis centralis medullae spinalis, central canal of spinal cord, tubus medullaris. ... Synonym: syringocele. ... …

central canal of spinal cord
Synonym for central canal ... The ependyma-lined lumen (cavity) of the neural tube, the cerebral part of which remains patent to form the ventricles of the brain, while the spinal part in the adult often is reduced to a solid strand of modified ependyma. ... Synonym: canalis centralis medullae spinalis, central canal of spinal cord, tubus medullaris. …

central canal of the vitreous
Synonym for hyaloid canal ... A minute canal running through the vitreous from the discus nervi optici to the lens, containing in foetal life a prolongation of the central artery of the retina, the hyaloid artery. ... See: vitreous, hyaloid artery. ... Synonym: canalis hyaloideus, central canal of the vitreous, Cloquet's canal, Stilling's canal. ... (0 …

central canals of cochlea
Synonym for longitudinal canals of modiolus ... Centrally placed channels that convey vessels and nerves to the apical turns of the cochlea. ... Synonym: canales longitudinales modioli, central canals of cochlea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central cataract
Congenital cataract limited to the embryonic nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central cementifying fibroma
<tumour> A microscopic variant of a central ossifying fibroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central complex
In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the structural complex of the enzyme and all of the enzyme's substrates (or the enzyme with all of the enzyme's products) equivalent to the binary complex for a one-substrate enzyme. ... Compare: binary complex, Michaelis complex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central cord syndrome
<syndrome> Quadriparesis most severely involving the distal upper extremities, with or without sensory loss and bladder dysfunction, usually due to ischemia from osteophytic or traumatic compression of the central part of the cervical spinal cord and/or artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central core disease
A congenital myopathy characterised by hypotonia, delay of motor development in infancy, and nonprogressive or slowly progressive muscle weakness; on biopsy the central core of muscle fibres stains abnormally, myofibrils are abnormally compact, and there is virtual absence of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum; histochemically, the cores are d …

central core disease of muscle
<neurology> One of the conditions that produces floppy baby syndrome. It causes hypotonia (floppiness) in the newborn baby, slowly progressive muscle weakness, and muscle cramps after exercise. ... Muscle biopsy shows a key diagnostic finding (absent mitochondria in the centre of many type I muscle fibres). The disease is inherited as a domina …

central deafness
Deafness due to disorder of the auditory system of the brainstem or cerebral cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central dogma
<molecular biology> The main principle of molecular biology, coined by Francis Crick, which states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Central European tick-borne fever
Synonym for tick-borne encephalitis ... 1. (Central European subtype) tick-borne meningoencephalitis caused by a flavivirus closely related to the virus causing the Far Eastern type; it is transmitted by Ixodes ricinus, also by infected raw milk, especially that of goats. ... Synonym: biundulant meningoencephalitis, Central European tick-borne fever, …

central excitatory state
The building up of excitatory influences produced by individual impulses finally causes firing of the next neuron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central fibrous body
<anatomy, cardiology> The fibrous area where the leaflets of the aortic, mitral, and tricuspid valves meet in the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central ganglioneuroma
Synonym for gangliocytoma ... <tumour> A rare lesion that contains neuronal (ganglion) cells in a sparse glial stoma. ... Synonym: central ganglioneuroma. ... Origin: Ganglion + G. Kytos, cell, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central gray substance
In general: the predominantly small-celled gray matter adjoining or surrounding the central canal of the spinal cord and the third and fourth ventricles of the brainstem, in particular: the thick sleeve of gray matter surrounding the cerebral sylvian aqueduct in the midbrain, rostrally continuous with the posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus; in s …

central gyri
The precentral and postcentral gyri. ... Gyri cerebri ... Gyri of cerebrum, the gyri or convolutions of the cerebral cortex. ... Cingulate gyrus, a long, curved convolution of the medial surface of the cortical hemisphere, arched over the corpus callosum from which it is separated by the deep sulcus of corpus callosum; together with the parahippocampa …

central illumination
axial illumination ...

central implantation
<obstetrics> Implantation in which the blastocyst remains in the uterine cavity, as in carnivores, rhesus monkeys, and rabbits. ... Synonym: circumferential implantation, superficial implantation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central incisor
<dentistry> The first tooth in the maxilla and mandible on either side of the midsagittal plane of the head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central inhibition
<physiology> Suppression or diminution of outgoing impulses from a reflex centre. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central lacteal
The blindly ending lymphatic capillary in the centre of an intestinal villus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central lateral nucleus of thalamus
The most lateral of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus. ... Synonym: nucleus centralis lateralis thalami. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central limit theorem
The sum (or average) of n realizations of the same process, provided only that it has a finite variance, will approach the gaussian distribution as n becomes indefinitely large. This theory provides a broad warrant for the use of normal theory even for nongaussian data. In the form stated here, it constitutes the classical version; more general ver …

central line
Synonym for central venous catheter ... <equipment> A small, flexible plastic tube inserted into the large vein above the heart, usually the subclavian vein, through which access to the blood stream can be made. This allows drugs and blood products to be given and blood samples withdrawn painlessly. ... Some of the catheters have more than one …

central lobule
Synonym for central lobule of cerebellum ... A division of the superior vermis of the cerebellum between the lingula and the monticulus. ... Synonym: lobulus centralis cerebelli, central lobule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central lobule of cerebellum
A division of the superior vermis of the cerebellum between the lingula and the monticulus. ... Synonym: lobulus centralis cerebelli, central lobule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central mesenteric lymph nodes
Synonym for middle group of mesenteric lymph nodes ... The mesenteric lymph nodes located along the intestinal (jejunal and ileal) branches of the superior mesenteric artery. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici superiores centrales, central mesenteric lymph nodes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

central metal ion
<chemistry> The metal ion to which the ligands are attached at the centre of a coordination complex. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...