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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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Bigelow's ligamentSynonym for iliofemoral ligament ... <anatomy> A triangular ligament attached by its apex to the anterior inferior spine of the ilium and rim of the acetabulum, and by its base to the anterior intertrochanteric line of the femur; the strong medial band is attached to the lower part of the intertrochanteric line; the strong lateral part is fixe …
Bigelow's septumSynonym for calcar femorale ... A bony spur springing from the underside of the neck of the femur above and anterior to the lesser trochanter, adding to the strength of this part of the bone. ... Synonym: Bigelow's septum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminaSynonym for bigeminal pulse ... A pulse in which the beats occur in pairs. ... Synonym: bigemina, coupled pulse, pulsus bigeminus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminalPaired; double; twin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminal bodiesA bilateral single swelling of the roofplate of the embryonic midbrain that later in development becomes subdivided into a superior and an inferior colliculus. ... See: quadrigeminal bodies. ... Synonym: corpora bigemina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminal pregnancySynonym for twin pregnancy ... A pregnancy that may result from the fertilization of two separate ova or of a single ovum. ... See: twin. ... Synonym: bigeminal pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminal pulseA pulse in which the beats occur in pairs. ... Synonym: bigemina, coupled pulse, pulsus bigeminus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminal rhythmThat cardiac rhythm when each beat of the dominant rhythm (sinus or other) is followed by a premature beat, with the result that the heartbeats occur in pairs (bigeminy). ... Synonym: coupled rhythm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminiSynonym for bigeminy ... Pairing; especially, the occurrence of heart beats in pairs. ... Synonym: bigemini. ... Origin: bi-+ L. Geminus, twin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminumOne of the corpora bigemina. ... Origin: L. Ntr. Of bigeminus, doubled ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigeminyPairing; especially, the occurrence of heart beats in pairs. ... Synonym: bigemini. ... Origin: bi-+ L. Geminus, twin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bigerminalRelating to two germs or ova. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bight1. A corner, bend, or angle; a hollow; as, the bight of a horse's knee; the bight of an elbow. ... 2. <geography> A bend in a coast forming an open bay; as, the Bight of Benin. ... 3. The double part of a rope when folded, in distinction from the ends; that is, a round, bend, or coil not including the ends; a loop. ... Origin: OE. Bit a bending; …
bigitalinSynonym for gitoxin ... C41H64O14;a secondary cardiac glycoside from Digitalis purpurea and D. Lanata. ... Synonym: anhydrogitalin, bigitalin, pseudodigitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biglycanA small proteoglycan, 150-240 kD, of the extracellular matrix. The core protein has a mass of _42 kD and is very similar to the core protein of decorin and fibromodulin. All three have highly conserved sequences containing 10 internal homologous repeats of _ 25 amino acids with leucine rich motifs. Biglycan has two glycosaminoglycan chains, either …
Bignami, Amico<person> Italian physician, 1862-1929. ... See: Marchiafava-Bignami disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bikuninA plasma glycoprotein that is found in both the free state and covalently bound to the heavy chains of certain protease inhibitors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilabeA forceps for seizing and removing urethral or small vesical calculi. ... Origin: bi-+ L. Labium, lip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilabiateTwo-lipped, for example of a corolla in which fusion of an anterior group and a posterior group of petals extends beyond the top of the corolla tube. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bilaminar blastodermThe blastoderm of a young embryo when it consists of only two of the three primary germ layers it will ultimately have. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilateral<anatomy> Having two sides or pertaining to both sides. ... Origin: L. Latus = side ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
bilateral adrenal mass<radiology> Acute granulomatous disease (e.g., TB), metastases (bilateral in 15%), pheochromocytoma (bilateral in 10%), adrenal hyperplasia (adenoma), spontaneous adrenal haemorrhage ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bilateral hermaphroditismTrue hermaphroditism with an ovotestis on both sides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilateral hydronephrosis<nephrology, urology> Refers to the bilateral enlargement of the renal pelvis and calyces of the kidneys. This is not a disease itself but a finding associated with a variety of disease states which interfere with the drainage of urine from the kidneys to the ureters and into the bladder. ... Examples include acute and chronic bilateral obstru …
bilateral large kidneys<radiology> Autosomal dominant (adult) polycystic disease, lymphoma Cf: other urographic patterns ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bilateral left-sidednessA syndrome in which normally unpaired organs develop more symmetrically in mirror image; two spleens, one on each side, are usually present, and cardiovascular anomalies are common. ... Synonym: polysplenia syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilateral mastectomy<procedure, surgery> The surgical removal of both breasts. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bilateral medial orbital ecchymosesSynonym for raccoon eye ... <clinical sign, ophthalmology> The appearance of the eyes produced by subconjunctival haemorrhage and/or periorbital ecchymosis. ... Synonym: bilateral medial orbital ecchymoses. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...
bilateral pleurisyInflammation of the pleura on both sides of the thorax. ... Synonym: double pleurisy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilateral symmetry<biology> Describes an organism which is divisible into equal mirror halves in one plane only. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bilateral synchronyElectroencephalographic activity that is recorded over both hemispheres simultaneously; usually used in reference to spike and wave activity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilateralismA condition in which the two sides are symmetrical. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilaterally small, smooth kidneys<radiology> Generalised atherosclerosis, nephrosclerosis - benign and malignant, atheroembolic renal disease, chronic glomerulonephritis, papillary necrosis, hereditary diseases, hereditary chronic nephritis (Alport's syndrome), medullary cystic disease, amyloidosis (late), arterial hypotension Cf: other urographic patterns ... (12 Dec 1998)
bilberry
Origin: Cf. Dan. Bollebaer bilberry, where bolle is perh. Akin to E. Ball. ... 1. <botany> The European whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); also, its edible bluish black fruit. 'There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry.' (Shak) ... 2. <botany> Any similar plant or its fruit; especially, in America, the species Vaccinium myrtilloides, V. …
bile
<gastroenterology> A greenish-yellow fluid secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. ... Bile plays an important role in the intestinal absorption of fats. Bile is secreted by the liver and contains cholesterol, bile salts and waste products such as bilirubin. Bile salts aid in the digestion of fats. Bile passes out of the liver via …
bile acid 7 alpha-dehydroxylase
<enzyme> Mechanism is questionable: cholic acid - deoxycholic acid - chenodeoxycholic acid - lithocholic acid ... Registry number: EC 1.14.- ... Synonym: 7 alpha-dehydroxylase, bile acid 7-dehydroxylase, bile acid 7-alpha-dehydroxylase, bai a1, bai a2, bai a3, cholic acid 7alpha-dehydroxylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bile acid 7alpha-dehydratase
<enzyme> Enzyme in the bacterial bile acid 7alpha-dehydroxylation pathway ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- ... Synonym: c24 bile acid 7alpha-dehydratase, ba7alphad, baie gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bile acid tolerance test
A sensitive test of hepatic dysfunction; following oral administration of labelled or unlabelled bile acid, the measured fractional disappearance rate or 10-minute retention is measured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile acid-CoA ligase
<enzyme> Catalyses the synthesis of all bile acid-coas; in order to measure the activity of all bile acids, the bile acid is coupled with c(14)-glycine and measured with bile acid-CoA glycine-taurine n-acetyltransferase ... Registry number: EC 6.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bile acids
Steroid acids found in bile; e.g., taurocholic and glycocholic acid's, used when biliary secretion is inadequate and for biliary colic. Their physiological roles include fat emulsification. Their synthesis is reduced in disorders of the peroxisomes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile acids and salts
<chemical> Steroid acids and salts. The primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. The secondary bile acids are further modified by bacteria in the intestine. They play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fat. They have also been used pharmacologically, especia …
bile alcohol
One of a group of polyhydroxylated alcohols derived from cholestane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile canaliculi
Minute intercellular channels that occur between liver cells and carry bile towards interlobar bile ducts. Also called bile capillaries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile capillary
Synonym for biliary canaliculus ... One of the intercellular channels, about 1 um or less in diameter, that occurs between liver cells forming the first portion of the bile system. ... Synonym: bile capillary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile cyst
Synonym for gallbladder ... <anatomy> A digestive organ which stores bile (produced in the liver), used in the digestion and absorption of fats in the duodenum. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
bile duct
<anatomy> A duct that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
bile duct obstruction, extrahepatic
Impairment of bile flow through the hepatic, cystic, or common bile ducts or vater's ampulla. This is sometimes called surgical jaundice. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile duct pressure
<radiology> Normal: 15-20 cm H2O ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile duct stricture
<surgery> An abnormal narrowing of the common bile duct. A potential cause for biliary obstruction. Risk factors are prior surgery, pancreatitis, trauma and gallstones. ... Symptoms include jaundice, fever, chills and abdominal pain. Endoscopic surgery has been successful in removing strictures of the bile duct. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
bile ducts, extrahepatic
Passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile. These include the common bile duct and the common hepatic duct (hepatic duct, common). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile ducts, intrahepatic
Passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile. Includes right and left hepatic ducts even though these may join outside the liver to form the common hepatic duct. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile esculin test
A biochemical test used in characterizing group O streptococci, based on the ability of organisms to grow in a medium containing bile and to hydrolyze esculin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile gastritis
An inflammation of the gastric mucosa believed to be caused by irritating factors in bile. ... Synonym: alkaline reflux gastritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile nephrosis
<gastroenterology, nephrology> Acute renal failure occurring in a patient with liver failure. The exact causal relationship in unclear, but those with alcoholic cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis are at greatest risk. ... Symptoms include decreased or absent urine production, jaundice, abdominal swelling, delirium, confusion, nausea and vomitin …
bile papilla
Synonym for major duodenal papilla ... Point of opening of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct into the duodenum; it is located posteriorly in the descending part of the duodenum. ... Synonym: papilla duodeni major, bile papilla, papilla of Vater, Santorini's major caruncle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile peritonitis
<surgery> Inflammation of the peritoneum which is cause by the escape of bile into the peritoneal cavity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
bile pigment haemoglobin
Synonym for choleglobin ... <protein> A protein which is formed from the breakdown of haemoglobin (a protein that carries oxygen in the blood) and is a precursor to the bile pigment biliverdin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bile pigments
Colouring matters of the bile. They are bilirubin, biliverdin (biliverdine), bilifuscin, biliprasin, choleprasin, bilihumin, and bilicyanin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile reflux
Reflux of bile mainly into the upper digestive tract, but also into the pancreas. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bile salt
<biochemistry> Amphipathic compounds that aid digestion and lipid absorption, they are derived from steroids and have some detergent properties. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bile salt agar
An agar medium containing lactose, peptone, sodium taurocholate, and neutral red, for the growth and isolation of Gram-negative rods. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile salt sulfatase
<enzyme> Produces microorganism from the faecal flora of conventional rats ... Registry number: EC 3.1.6.- ... Synonym: bile acid sulfate sulfatase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bile salts
The salt forms of bile acids; e.g., taurocholate, glycocholate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile solubility test
A procedure that differentiates Streptococcus pneumoniae from other alpha-haemolytic streptococci by demonstrating its susceptibility to lysis in the presence of bile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile thrombus
An intracanalicular deposit of bile, usually a result of obstruction to bile drainage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bile-salt sulfotransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses the sulfation of glycolithocholate and taurolithocholate ... Registry number: EC 2.8.2.14 ... Synonym: bile acid sulfotransferase, bile salt-3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase, bile salt sulfotransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bilge
1. The protuberant part of a cask, which is usually in the middle. ... 2. That part of a ship's hull or bottom which is broadest and most nearly flat, and on which she would rest if aground. ... 3. Bilge water. Bilge free, water which collects in the bilge or bottom of a ship or other vessel. It is often allowed to remain till it becomes very offensi …
bilharzia
Disease caused by worms that parasitise people. Also called schistosomiasis. Three main species of these trematode worms (flukes)--Schistosoma haematobium, S. Japonicum, and S. Mansoni cause disease in humans. Larval forms of the parasite live in freshwater snails. The cercaria (form of the parasite) is liberated from the snail burrow into skin, tr …
bilharzial appendicitis
Appendicitis caused by the deposition of the eggs of the blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni, in the vermiform appendix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilharzial dysentery
Dysentery due to infection with Schistosoma mansoni, S. Haematobium, or S. Japonicum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilharzial granuloma
Synonym for schistosome granuloma ... A granulomatous lesion formed around schistosome eggs embedded in tissues in cases of schistosomiasis (bilharziasis); typically these granulomata are found in intestinal tissues (Schistosoma japonicum or S. Mansoni infection), bladder tissue (S. Haematobium), and hepatic tissue (all human schistosomes). ... Synon …
bilharziasis
A parasite infection by a trematode worm acquired from infested water. Also known as schistosomiasis. Species which live in man can produce liver, bladder, and gastrointestinal problems. Species of the schistosomiasis parasite which cannot live in man cause swimmer's itch. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bilharzioma
A tumour-like swelling of the skin, due to schistosomiasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilharziosis
Synonym for schistosomiasis ... Disease (bilharzia) caused by digenetic trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma, the adults of which live in the urinary or mesenteric blood vessels. Eggs shed by the female worms pass to the outside in the urine or faeces, but many also lodge in and obstruct the blood flow in the liver. Eosinophils seem to be partic …
bili-
Bile. ... Origin: L. Bilis, bile ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary
<anatomy> Pertaining to the bile, to the bile ducts or to the gallbladder. ... (13 Oct 1997) ...
biliary atresia
<embryology> A rare condition which is caused by the abnormal development of the bile ducts inside or outside the liver. The obstruction of bile flow from the liver can lead to cirrhosis of the liver if not treated. ... Symptoms include jaundice in the second to third week of life along with clay-coloured stools. ... See: newborn jaundice. ... ( …
biliary calculus
Synonym for gallstone ... <gastroenterology, surgery> A solid formation in the gallbladder composed of cholesterol and bile salts. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
biliary canaliculus
One of the intercellular channels, about 1 um or less in diameter, that occurs between liver cells forming the first portion of the bile system. ... Synonym: bile capillary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary cirrhosis
<gastroenterology> A rare form of liver disease which results in the irreversible destruction of the liver and bile ducts. The cause is unknown, but is thought to be an autoimmune mechanism. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
biliary colic
Intense spasmodic pain felt in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen from impaction of a gallstone in the cystic duct. ... Synonym: gallstone colic, hepatic colic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary duct
Synonym for bile duct ... <anatomy> A duct that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
biliary ductules
The excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right (or left) hepatic duct. ... Synonym: ductuli biliferi, canalicular ducts, ductus biliferi, tubuli biliferi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary dyskinesia
Synonym for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction ... Structural or functional abnormality of the sphincter of Oddi that interferes with bile drainage. ... Synonym: biliary dyskinesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary endoprosthesis
<surgery> A tube inserted into a narrowed or blocked bile duct to improve bile flow. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
biliary fever of dogs
A form of babesiosis (piroplasmosis) of the dog characterised by fever and icterus and caused by Babesia canis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary fever of horses
Synonym for equine babesiosis ... <veterinary> A disease of horses caused by species of Babesia and characterised by high fever, icterus, and enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes. ... Synonym: biliary fever of horses, equine biliary fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary fistula
Abnormal passage communicating with the biliary tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
biliary obstruction
<gastroenterology, surgery> A blockage of the bile ducts can occur by a stone, tumour, pancreas (pancreatic tumour or swelling), bile duct inflammation, bile duct cysts, trauma, bile duct stricture or enlarged lymph nodes in the area. ... When bile duct obstruction occurs, bile accumulates in the liver and jaundice develops due to the accumula …
biliary peritonitis
<surgery> Inflammation of the peritoneum which is cause by the escape of bile into the peritoneal cavity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
biliary scan
<investigation, radiology> A test that uses a radioactive tracer to look for bile duct obstruction or gallbladder inflammation. ... A special tracer is injected into a vein that tends to collect primarily in the liver. It is then excreted in the bile where it makes its way to the gallbladder. A gamma camera measures the tracer (radioactivity) …
biliary steatorrhoea
Steatorrhoea due to the absence of bile from the intestine; usually accompanied by jaundice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliary stricture
<gastroenterology, surgery> An abnormal narrowing of the common bile duct. A potential cause for biliary obstruction. Risk factors are prior surgery, pancreatitis, trauma and gallstones. ... Symptoms include jaundice, fever, chills and abdominal pain. Endoscopic surgery has been successful in removing strictures of the bile duct. ... (27 Sep 19 …
biliary tract
<anatomy> The biliary tract refers to the bile ducts within the liver, the common bile duct (connecting the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine) and the cystic duct (short duct that connects the common bile duct to the gallbladder). ... Blockage in any location in the biliary tract can result in obstructive jaundice. ... (27 Sep 1997)< …
biliary tract surgical procedures
Any surgical procedure performed on the biliary tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
biliary xanthomatosis
Xanthomatosis with hypercholesterolaemia, resulting from biliary cirrhosis. ... Synonym: Rayer's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bilifaction
Rarely used terms for bile formation. ... Origin: bili-+ L. Facio, pp. Factus, to make ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biliferous
Rarely used term for containing or carrying bile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biligenesis
Bile production. ... Origin: bili-+ G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biligenic
Bile-producing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
