Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`
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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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bipedicle flapA flap with two pedicles, one at each end. ... Synonym: double pedicle flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipennateBipenniform ... Pertaining to a muscle with a central tendon toward which the fibres converge on either side like the barbs of a feather. ... Origin: bi-+ L. Penna, feather ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipennate muscle<anatomy> A muscle with a central tendon toward which the fibres converge on either side like the barbs of a feather. ... Synonym: musculus bipennatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biperforateHaving two foramina or perforations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biperiden<chemical> A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine. ... Pharmacological action: …
biphasic<biology> Having two phases, having both a sporophytic and a gametophytic phase in the life cycle. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
biphasic growth curve<cell culture, microbiology> A particular type of growth curve seen in cultured microorganisms in which they have two exponential growth stages separated by a plateau phase. This double-hump curve is produced when the microbes are cultured using two carbon sources, one of which must be used up before the second can be used. ... (19 Jan 1998)
biphasic insulin
<protein> A type of insulin that is a mixture of intermediate- and fast-acting insulin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
biphasic response
Two separate and distinct responses that are separated in time, immediate reaction to an antigenic challenge followed by a recurrence of symptoms after an interval of quiescence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biphenamine hydrochloride
Xenysalate hydrochloride; 2-diethylaminoethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylbenzoate hydrochloride;an antiseborrheic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biphenotypic
Pertaining to or characterised by biphenotypy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biphenotypy
The expression of markers of more than one cell type by the same cell, as in certain leukaemias. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biphenyl-2,3-dioxygenase
<enzyme> Converts polychlorinated biphenyls and biphenyls to biphenyl-2,3-dihydrodiol; a multicomponent enzyme containing a two-subunit iron-sulfur protein (bpha1 and a2), a ferredoxin (bpha3), and a reductase (bpha4); amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- ... Synonym: bpha gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
biphenyl-4-hydroxylase
<enzyme> Mixed function oxidase ... Registry number: EC 1.14.14.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bipinnate
<botany> Of leaves, twice pinnately divided. ... Compare: pinnate, tripinnate. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
biplane angiography
Synchronous angiocardiography in two planes at right angles to each other or in two orthogonal planes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipolar cautery
Electrocautery by high frequency electrical current passed through tissue from an active to a passive electrode; used for haemostasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipolar cell
<cell biology, physiology> A class of retinal interneurons, named after their morphology, that receive input from the photoreceptors and send it to the ganglion cells. ... Bipolar cells are nonspiking, their response to light is evenly graded and shows lateral inhibition. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
bipolar disease
A type of depressive disease, formerly called manic-depressive illness. Not nearly as prevalent as other forms of depressive disorders, bipolar disorder involves cycles of depression and elation or mania. Sometimes the mood switches are dramatic and rapid, but most often they are gradual. Mania often affects thinking, judgment, and social behaviour …
bipolar disorder
<psychiatry> Perviously referred to as manic depressive illness, characterised by the occurrence of mania (euphoria) alternating with bouts of depression. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
bipolar filament
<cell biology> Filaments that have opposite polarity at the two ends, classic example is the thick filament of striated muscle. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
bipolar illness
Synonym for bipolar disorder ... <psychiatry> Perviously referred to as manic depressive illness, characterised by the occurrence of mania (euphoria) alternating with bouts of depression. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
bipolar lead
A record obtained with two electrodes placed on different regions of the body, each electrode contributing significantly to the record; e.g., a standard limb lead. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipolar neuron
A neuron that has two processes arising from opposite poles of the cell body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipolar psychosis
A mental disorder characterised by one or more episodes of mania (manic depression) which is usually accompanied by one or more episodes of depression (major depressive episode). ... See: endogenous depression, manic-depressive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipolar taxis
An obsolete term for repositioning of a retroverted uterus by making traction on the cervix in the vagina, and pushing up the fundus by the finger in the rectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipolar version
Synonym for bimanual version ... Turning of the baby in utero, performed by the hands acting upon both extremities of the foetus; it may be external version or combined version. ... Synonym: bipolar version. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bipotentiality
Capability of differentiating along two developmental pathways. An example is the capacity of the gonad to develop into either an ovary or a testis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biquadratic
<mathematics> Of or pertaining to the biquadrate, or fourth power. ... <mathematics> Biquadratic equation, an equation of the fourth degree, or an equation in some term of which the unknown quantity is raised to the fourth power. Biquadratic root of a number, the square root of the square root of that number. Thus the square root of 81 i …
Birbeck
Michael S., contemporary British cancer researcher. ... See: Birbeck's granule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Birbeck's granule
Synonym for Langerhans' granule ... A small tennis racket-shaped membrane-bound granule with characteristic cross-striated internal ultrastructure; first reported in Langerhans' cells of the epidermis. ... Synonym: Birbeck's granule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birch
1. A tree of several species, constituting the genus Betula; as, the white or common birch (B. Alba) (also called silver birch and lady birch); the dwarf birch (B. Glandulosa); the paper or canoe birch (B. Papyracea); the yellow birch (B. Lutea); the black or cherry birch (B. Lenta). ... 2. The wood or timber of the birch. ... 3. A birch twig or birc …
birch tar
Synonym for birch tar oil ... Pyroligneous oil obtained by the dry distillation of the wood of Betula alba and rectified by steam distillation; used externally in the treatment of skin diseases. ... Synonym: birch tar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birch tar oil
Pyroligneous oil obtained by the dry distillation of the wood of Betula alba and rectified by steam distillation; used externally in the treatment of skin diseases. ... Synonym: birch tar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Birch-Hirschfeld
Felix V., German pathologist, 1842-1899. ... See: Birch-Hirschfeld stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Birch-Hirschfeld stain
<technique> An obsolete stain for demonstrating amyloid, using Bismarck brown and crystal violet; amyloid is usually stained a bright ruby red, whereas the cytoplasm of cells is not stained and nuclei are brown. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bird
1. Orig, a chicken; the young of a fowl; a young eaglet; a nestling; and hence, a feathered flying animal (see 2). 'That ungentle gull, the cuckoo's bird.' (Shak) 'The brydds [birds] of the aier have nestes.' (Tyndale (Matt. Viii. 20)) ... 2. <zoology> A warm-blooded, feathered vertebrate provided with wings. See Aves. ... 3. Specifically, amon …
bird diseases
Diseases of birds not considered poultry, therefore usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. ... The concept is differentiated from poultry diseases which is for birds raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption, and usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bird face
Synonym for brachygnathia ... bird face, abnormal shortness or recession of the mandible ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
bird of paradise
<ornithology> The name of several very beautiful birds of the genus Paradisea and allied genera, inhabiting new Guinea and the adjacent islands. The males have brilliant colours, elegant plumes, and often remarkable tail feathers. ... The Great emerald (Paradisea apoda) and the Lesser emerald (P. Minor) furnish many of the plumes used as ornam …
bird pepper
<botany> A species of capsicum (Capsicum baccatum), whose small, conical, coral-red fruit is among the most piquant of all red peppers. ... (16 Dec 1998) ...
bird shot retinochoroiditis
Bilateral diffuse retinal vasculitis with depigmentation of multiple areas of the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium posterior to the ocular equator, often with an associated papillitis or optic atrophy; vitiligo occurs occasionally. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bird unit
A unit of prolactin activity: the minimal quantity of the hormone which will cause a certain increase in weight of the crop gland of pigeons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bird-breeder's disease
Synonym for bird-handler's disease ... <chest medicine> Extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by an allergic reaction to components of the bird or bird droppings. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
bird-breeder's lung
Synonym for bird-handler's disease ... <chest medicine> Extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by an allergic reaction to components of the bird or bird droppings. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
bird-fancier's lung
<chest medicine> A respiratory disorder due to an acquired hypersensitivity to the dust of bird droppings. ... It is often seen in pigeon breeder's, and is a form of extrinsic allergic alveolitis. The antigen protein is from bird serum, droppings, or feathers ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bird-handler's disease
<chest medicine> Extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by an allergic reaction to components of the bird or bird droppings. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...
bird's nest filter
A wire mesh vena cava filter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bird's nest ivc filter
<radiology> Introduced 1982; Cook Inc., Bloomington, IN advantages, low profile: 14.5 Fr introducer sheath, low recurrent PE rates (1.1 - 2.7% by clinical history), low IVC thrombosis rates (2.9 - 5.0% by clinical history), placement in large diameter IVCs (not greater than40mm), free-form configuration does not require centreing in IVC disad …
Bird's sign
<clinical sign> The presence of a zone of dullness on percussion with absence of respiratory sign's in hydatid cyst of the lung. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bird's-foot
<botany> A papilionaceous plant, the Ornithopus, having a curved, cylindrical pod tipped with a short, clawlike point. Bird's-foot trefoil. ... <botany> A genus of plants (Lotus) with clawlike pods. L. Corniculatas, with yellow flowers, is very common in Great Britain. The related plant, Trigonella ornithopodioides, is also European. ... …
bird's-nest
1. The nest in which a bird lays eggs and hatches her young. ... 2. The nest of a small swallow (Collocalia nidifica and several allied species), of China and the neighboring countries, which is mixed with soups. ... The nests are found in caverns and fissures of cliffs on rocky coasts, and are composed in part of algae. They are of the size of a goo …
birdseed agar
Media prepared from Guizottia abyssinica seeds used in culturing and in the presumptive diagnosis of Cryptococcus neoformans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birefringence
<chemistry> Optical property of a material in which the refractive index is different for light polarized in one plane compared to the orthogonal plane. ... May arise from molecular organisation of the material (form birefringence.), alignment of molecules due to tension (stress birefringence.) or alignment of rod like particles in flow (flow …
birefringent
Refracting twice; splitting a ray of light in two. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birnaviridae
A family of bisegmented, double-stranded RNA viruses causing infection in fish, mollusks, fowl, and drosophila. There are three genera: aquabirnavirus, avibirnavirus, and entomobirnavirus. Horizontal and vertical transmission occurs for all viruses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birnaviridae infections
Virus diseases caused by the birnaviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Birnavirus
A virus in the family Birnaviridae that includes infectious bursal disease virus of chickens and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus of fish. ... Origin: bi-+ RNA + virus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birotation
Synonym for mutarotation ... <chemistry> Name given to the phenomenon that occurs when glucose is dissolved in water. There is an equilibrium that is formed between the open-chain form and the alpha and beta pyranose forms. The beta is the most stable conformation because it puts the -OH in an equatorial position and thus most of the glucose i …
birth
1. The act or fact of coming into life, or of being born; generally applied to human beings; as, the birth of a son. ... 2. Lineage; extraction; descent; sometimes, high birth; noble extraction. 'Elected without reference to birth, but solely for qualifications.' (Prescott) ... 3. The condition to which a person is born; natural state or position; in …
birth canal
Cavity of the uterus and vagina through which the foetus passes. ... Synonym: parturient canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birth certificates
Official certifications by a physician recording the individual's birth date, place of birth, parentage and other required identifying data which are filed with the local registrar of vital statistics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birth control
Restriction of the number of offspring by means of contraceptive measures, projects, programs, or methods to control reproduction, by either improving or diminishing fertility. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birth defect
Defect present at birth; sometimes referred to as congenital defect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birth fracture
Fracture occurring during the trauma of delivery or, occasionally, before delivery in infants with osteogenesis imperfecta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birth injuries
Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant during labour or delivery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birth intervals
Interval between onset of sexual relations by a woman and the birth of her first child and intervals between successive births. This includes use of family planning to control birth intervals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birth order
The sequence in which children are born into the family. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birth palsy
Indefinite term for any motor abnormality in the infant caused by or attributed to the birthing process; includes obstetrical paralysis, infantile hemiplegia, etc. ... Synonym: infantile hemiplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birth rate
The birth rate is usually given as the number of live births divided by the average population (or the population at midyear). This is termed the crude birth rate. In 1995, for example, the crude birth rate per 1,000 population was 14 in the United States, 16.9 in Australia, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birth trauma
Physical injury to an infant during its delivery, the supposed emotional injury, inflicted by events incident to birth, upon an infant which allegedly appears in symbolic form in patients with mental illness. ... Trauma from occlusion, a reversible lesion in the periodontium caused by excessive movement of teeth. ... Occlusal trauma, abnormal occlusa …
birth weight
In humans, the first weight of an infant obtained within less than the first 60 completed minutes after birth; a full-size infant is one weighing 2500 g or more; a low birth weight is less than 2500 g. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
birthing centres
Free-standing facilities that provide prenatal, childbirth, and postnatal care and usually incorporate family-centreed maternity care concepts and practices. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
birthmark
<dermatology, paediatrics> Red or purple-coloured vascular skin markings that develop shortly after birth. ... most are usually painless and benign. Some lesions (cavernous haemangiomas) will disappear or become harder to see as the child approaches school age. Localised steroid injections have been used successfully to reduce the size of a bi …
bis in die
Twice a day. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bis-
1. Prefix signifying two or twice. ... 2. In chemistry, used to denote, the presence of two identical but separated complex groups in one molecule. ... Compare: bi-, di-. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bis-gamma-glutamylcystine reductase
<enzyme> From halobacterium halobium; specific for NADPH ... Registry number: EC 1.6.4.- ... Synonym: bis-ggc reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate esterase
<enzyme> Catalyses cleavage of the mass produced plasticiser, dehp ... Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- ... Synonym: dehp esterase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bis(chloromethyl) ether
<chemical> Sym-dlchloromethyl ether. A substance that is an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract and may be carcinogenic. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens, irritants. ... Chemical name: Methane, oxybis(chloro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bisacodyl
<chemical> A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of constipation and for bowel evacuation. ... Pharmacological action: cathartic. ... Chemical name: Phenol, 4,4'-(2-pyridinylmethylene)bis-, diacetate (ester) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bisacromial
Relating to both acromion processes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisalbuminaemia
The concurrence of having two kinds of serum albumin that differ in mobility on electrophoresis: normal albumin (albumin A) and any one of several variant types that migrate at other speeds; individuals are heterozygous for the gene for albumin A and the gene for the variant albumin type. ... See: inherited albumin variants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisalt
Synonym for acid salt ... A salt in which not all of the ionizable hydrogen of the acid is replaced by the electropositive element; e.g., NaHSO4, KH2PO4. ... Synonym: bisalt, protosalt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisaxillary
Relating to both axillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids
A group of alkaloids whose base structure is two fused isoquinoline rings e.g., curare alkaloids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bischof
W., 20th century German neurosurgeon. ... See: Bischof's myelotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bischof's myelotomy
<procedure> Longitudinal incision of the spinal cord through the lateral column for treatment of spasticity of the lower extremities. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biscuit
1. A kind of unraised bread, of many varieties, plain, sweet, or fancy, formed into flat cakes, and bakes hard; as, ship biscuit. 'According to military practice, the bread or biscuit of the Romans was twice prepared in the oven.' (Gibbon) ... 2. A small loaf or cake of bread, raised and shortened, or made light with soda or baking powder. Usually a …
biscuit bite
Synonym for maxillomandibular record ... A record of the relation of the mandible to the maxillae, the act of recording the relation of the mandible to the maxillae. ... Synonym: biscuit bite, maxillomandibular registration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biscuit-bake
The initial bake(s) given fusing porcelain at lower than glazing temperature to control shrinkage during the process of building up the dental restoration. ... Synonym: biscuit-firing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biscuit-firing
Synonym for biscuit-bake ... The initial bake(s) given fusing porcelain at lower than glazing temperature to control shrinkage during the process of building up the dental restoration. ... Synonym: biscuit-firing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisdequalinium chloride
1,1'-Decamethylene-4,4'-(1,10-decamethylenediimino)bis[quinaldinium chloride];an antiseptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisectrix, acute
<microscopy> In biaxial crystals, that principal axis of the ellipsoid of indexes which bisects the smaller angle between the optic axes. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...
bisectrix, obtuse
<microscopy> In biaxial crystals, that principal axis of the ellipsoid of indexes which bisects the larger angle between the optic axes. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...
biseriate
Arranged in two rows or whorls. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bisexuality
Sexual attraction or relationship between members of the same and opposite sex. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bisferient
Synonym for bisferious ... Striking twice; said of the pulse. ... Synonym: bisferient. ... Origin: L. Bis, twice, + ferio, to strike ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisferious
Striking twice; said of the pulse. ... Synonym: bisferient. ... Origin: L. Bis, twice, + ferio, to strike ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bisferious pulse
An arterial pulse with peaks that may be palpable. ... Synonym: pulsus bisferiens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bishop
1. A spiritual overseer, superintendent, or director. 'Ye were as sheep going astray; but are now returned unto the Shepherd and Bishop of your souls.' (1 Pet. Ii. 25) 'It is a fact now generally recognised by theologians of all shades of opinion, that in the language of the new Testament the same officer in the church is called indifferently 'bish …
