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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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betazole hydrochlorideAn analogue of histamine that stimulates gastric secretion with less tendency to produce the side effects seen with histamine; used, in place of histamine, to measure the gastric secretory response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bethanechol<chemical> A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, cardiac rate changes, and bronchial spasms. ... Pharmacological action: muscar …
bethanechol chlorideCarbamoylmethylcholine chloride; (2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride carbamate;a parasympathomimetic agent, used to relieve constipation, paralytic ileus, and urinary retention. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bethanidine<chemical> 1-benzyl-2,3-dimethylguanidine sulfate. A guanidinium antihypertensive agent that acts by blocking adrenergic transmission. The precise mode of action is not clear. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic agents, antihypertensive agents, sympatholytics. ... Chemical name: Guanidine, N,N'-dimethyl-N''-(phenylmethyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998)
bethanidine sulfate
1-benzyl-2,3-dimethylguanidine;an adrenergic blocking agent used for palliative treatment of hypertension. ... Synonym: betanidine sulfate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bethesda system
Recent classification for categorizing cervical Papanicolaou smears. ... Origin: Bethesda, Maryland, site of NIH ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bethesda unit
A measure of inhibitor activity: the amount of inhibitor that will inactivate 50% or 0.5 unit of a coagulation factor during the incubation period. ... Origin: Bethesda, MD ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bethesda-Ballerup Group
A group of citrate-utilizing, slow lactose-fermenting bacteria (family Enterobacteriaceae) which share a similar series of antigens with the lactose-fermenting citrobacters; these organisms are now included in the genus Citrobacter without a distinction between prompt and slow lactose fermentation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Betke-Kleihauer test
A slide test for the presence of foetal red blood cells among those of the mother; haemoglobins other than Hb F are eluted from the red blood cells on an air-dried blood film by a buffer of pH 3.3. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
betroth
1. To contract to any one for a marriage; to engage or promise in order to marriage; to affiance; used especially. Of a woman. 'He, in the first flower of my freshest age, Betrothed me unto the only heir.' (Spenser) 'Ay, and we are betrothed.' (Shak) ... 2. To promise to take (as a future spouse); to plight one's troth to. 'What man is there that ha …
Bettendorff, Anton
<person> German chemist, 1839-1902. ... See: Bettendorff's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bettendorff's test
A test for arsenic; after mixing the suspected fluid with hydrochloric acid a solution of stannous chloride is added; when a piece of tin foil is then added, a brown precipitate forms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
better
Compar. Of Good. [OE. Betere, bettre, and as adv. Bet, AS. Betera, adj, and bet, adv.; akin to Icel. Betri, adj, betr, adv, Goth. Batiza, adj, OHG. Bezziro, adj, baz, adv, G. Besser, adj. And adv, bass, adv, E. Boot, and prob. To Skr. Bhadra excellent. See Boot advantage, and cf. Best, Batful. ... 1. Having good qualities in a greater degree than an …
betty
1. [Supposed to be a cant word, from Betty, for Elizabeth, as such an instrument is also called Bess (i. E, Elizabeth) in the Canting Dictionary of 1725, and Jenny (i. E, Jane)] A short bar used by thieves to wrench doors open. ... Alternative forms: bettee] 'The powerful betty, or the artful picklock.' (Arbuthnot) ... 2. [Betty, nickname for Elizabe …
betula
European white birch, bark and leaves of Betula alba (family Betulaceae); native to Europe, northern Asia, and North America, north of Pennsylvania. It contains betulin (betula camphor), betuloresinic acid, volatile oil, saponins, betulol (sesquiterpine alcohol), apigenin, dimethyl ether, betuloside, gaultherin, methyl salicylate, and ascorbic acid …
betula oil
Oil of sweet birch, a volatile oil obtained by distillation from the bark of Betula lenta (sweet birch); used as a flavoring agent and as a counterirritant liniment. ... See: methyl salicylate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
betulinic acid
This pentacyclic terpene isfound in the bark of birch trees, especially the white birch (Betula alba). It is currently beinginvestigated as a treatment for malignant melanoma. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
betz cell
Large pyramidal cells in the motor cortex of the precentral gyrus of the motor cortex. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
Betz cells
Large pyramidal cell's in the motor area of the precentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: Bevan-Lewis cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Betz, Vladimir
<person> Russian anatomist, 1834-1894. ... See: Betz cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beuren syndrome
<syndrome> Supravalvular aortic stenosis with multiple areas of peripheral pulmonary arterial stenosis, mental retardation, and dental anomalies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beuren, Alois
<person> ... See: Beuren syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bevan-Lewis cells
Synonym for Betz cells ... Large pyramidal cell's in the motor area of the precentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: Bevan-Lewis cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bevan-Lewis, William
<person> English physician and physiologist, 1847-1929. ... See: Bevan-Lewis cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bevel
1. A surface having a sloped or slanting edge. ... 2. The incline that one surface or line makes with another when not at right angles. ... 3. The edge of a cutting instrument. ... 4. To create a slanting edge on a body structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bevelled anastomosis
Anastomosis performed after cutting each of the structures to be joined in an oblique fashion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beverages
Liquids that are suitable for drinking. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bevonium methyl sulfate
2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1-dimethylpiperidinium methyl sulfate benzylate;an anticholinergic agent. ... Synonym: pyribenzyl methyl sulfate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bezafibrate
<chemical> Antilipaemic agent that lowers cholesterol and triglycerides. It decreases low density lipoproteins and increases high density lipoproteins. ... Pharmacological action: antilipaemic agents. ... Chemical name: Propanoic acid, 2-(4-(2-((4-chlorobenzoyl)amino)ethyl)phenoxy)-2-methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bezoar
<gastroenterology> Concretions of swallowed hair, fruit or vegetable fibres, or similar substances found in the alimentary canal. ... Usually a hard mass of entangled material sometimes found in the stomachs and intestines of animals and man. ... (03 Jul 1999) ...
Bezold-Jarisch reflex
A reflex with afferent and efferent pathways in the vagus, originating in unidentified chemoreceptors in the heart and resulting in sinus bradycardia, hypotension, and probable peripheral vasodilation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold, Albert von
<person> German physiologist, 1836-1868. ... See: Bezold's ganglion, Bezold-Jarisch reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold, Friedrich
<person> German otologist, 1842-1908. ... See: Bezold's abscess, Bezold's mastoiditis, Bezold's sign, Bezold's symptom, Bezold's triad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold's abscess
An abscess deep in the neck parapharyngeal space associated with suppuration in the mastoid tip cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold's ganglion
An aggregation of nerve cells in the interatrial septum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold's mastoiditis
Mastoiditis with perforation medially into the digastric groove and forming a deep neck abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold's sign
Synonym for Bezold's symptom ... Inflammatory oedema at the tip of the mastoid process in mastoiditis. ... Synonym: Bezold's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold's symptom
Inflammatory oedema at the tip of the mastoid process in mastoiditis. ... Synonym: Bezold's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bezold's triad
Diminished perception of the deeper tones, retarded bone conduction, and negative Rinne's test, pointing, in the absence of objective signs, to otosclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bglii
<enzyme, molecular biology> A restriction enzyme that cuts DNA in a staggered manner wherever it finds the sequence AGATCT. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
BH interval
The duration of the His bundle deflections (normally 15-20 msec). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
BHK cell
<cell culture> A quasi diploid established line of Syrian hamster cells, descended from a clone (Clone 13) isolated by Stoker and McPherson from an unusually rapidly growing primary culture of new born hamster kidney tissue. Usually described as fibroblastic, although smooth muscle like in that they express the muscle intermediate filament pr …
bhutan
A kingdom in the eastern himalayas on the northeast border of india, bounded on the north by tibet, on the east by assam, on the south by assam and west bengal, and on the west by sikkim and tibet. From 1720 to 1970 it was under chinese or indian domination. In 1971 it became a member of the united nations. The name comes from the sanskrit bhota, t …
bi
1. <prefix> In most branches of science bi- in composition denotes two, twice, or doubly; as, bidentate, two-toothed; biternate, doubly ternate, etc. Prefix meaning twice or double, referring to double structures, dual actions, etc. ... 2. <chemistry> In the composition of chemical names bi- denotes two atoms, parts, or equivalents of th …
bi-bi reaction
A reaction catalyzed by a single enzyme in which two substrates and two products are involved; the ping-pong mechanism may be involved in such a reaction. ... Compare: mechanism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bi-leaflet valve
A low profile mechanical heart valve that is less obstructive to outflow, especially in small size. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bi(OH)3
<abbreviation> Bismuth hydroxide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bial, Manfred
<person> German physician, 1869-1908. ... See: Bial's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bial's test
A test for pentoses with orcinol. ... Synonym: orcinol test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bialaphos N-acetylhydrolase
<enzyme> Removes the n-acetyl group from bialaphos as one of the final steps in the biosynthetic pathway ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
Bianchi, Giovanni
<person> Italian anatomist, 1681-1761. ... See: Bianchi's nodule, Bianchi's valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bianchi's nodule
Synonym for nodule of semilunar valve ... A nodule at the centre of the free border of each semilunar valve at the beginning of the pulmonary artery and aorta. ... Synonym: nodulus valvulae semilunaris, Arantius' nodule, Bianchi's nodule, corpus arantii, Morgagni's nodule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bianchi's valve
Synonym for lacrimal fold ... A fold of mucous membrane guarding the lower opening of the nasolacrimal duct. ... Synonym: plica lacrimalis, Bianchi's valve, Hasner's fold, Hasner's valve, Huschke's valve, Rosenmuller's valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biarticular
Synonym for diarthric ... Relating to two joints. ... Synonym: biarticular, diarticular. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + arthron, joint ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bias
<statistics> In a clinical trial, bias refers to effects that a conclusion that may be incorrect as, for example, when a researcher or patient knows what treatment is being given. To avoid bias, a blinded study may be done. ... Any deviation of results or inferences from the truth, or processes leading to such deviation. ... Bias can result fro …
biasterionic
Relating to both asterions, especially the biasterionic diameter, or biasterionic width, the shortest distance from one asterion to the other. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biauricular
Relating to both auricles, in any sense. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biauricular axis
A straight line joining the two auricles. ... Compare: auriculare. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biaxial crystals
<microscopy> Anisotropic crystals in the orthorhombic, monoclinic and triclinic systems. They have three principal refractive indices alpha, beta, and gamma, and two isotropic directions, i.e., optic axes. Bifilar eyepiece. An ocular with two crossed hairs, wires, filaments or threads each of which has perpendicular motion. ... (05 Aug 1998)
biaxial joint
One in which there are two principal axes of movement situated at right angles to each other; e.g., saddle joint's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bible
The book composed of writings generally accepted by christians as inspired by god and of divine authority. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bibliography of medicine
A list of works, documents, and other publications on medical subjects and topics of interest to the field of medicine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bibliography, descriptive
The area of bibliography which makes known precisely the material conditions of books, i.e., the full name of the author, the exact title of the work, the date and place of publication, the publisher's and printer's names, the format, the pagination, typographical particulars, illustrations, and the price, and for old books, other characteristics s …
bibliography, national
A bibliography which lists all the books and other publications published, or distributed in significant quantity, in a particular country. Sometimes the term is used with respect to the new publications published within a specific period, and sometimes with respect to all those published within a lengthy period of many years. It is also used to in …
bibliometric
<statistics> The use of statistical methods in the analysis of a body of literature to reveal the historical development of subject fields and patterns of authorship, publication, and use. Formerly called statistical bibliography. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bibliophobia
<psychiatry> A dread of books. ... Origin: Gr. Phobos = fear ... (16 Mar 1998) ...
bibliotherapy
<psychiatry> A form of supportive psychotherapy in which the patient is given carefully selected material to read. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bibulous
Synonym: absorbent. ... Origin: L. Bibulus, drinking freely, absorbent ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicameral
Having two chambers; denoting especially an abscess divided by a more or less complete septum. ... Origin: bi-+ L. Camera, chamber ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicameral abscess
An abscess with two separate cavities or chambers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicanalicular sphincter
A sphincter encircling two canals, such as the terminal portions of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
BICAP cautery
A form of bipolar electrocoagulation frequently used to arrest gastrointestinal bleeding. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicarbonate
<chemistry> A carbonate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice what it is in the normal carbonates; an acid carbonate; sometimes called supercarbonate. ... They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blo …
bicarbonate ATPase
<enzyme> Anion sensitive ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Synonym: hco(3)-atpase, atpase, bicarbonate, cl atpase, atpase, chloride, chloride-bicarbonate atpase, anion-sensitive atpase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bicardiogram
The composite curve of an electrocardiogram representing the combined effects of the right and left ventricles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicellular
Having two cells or subdivisions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicephalus
Synonym for dicephalus ... Symmetrical conjoined twins with two separate heads. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: bicephalus, diplocephalus. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biceps brachii
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, long head from supraglenoidal tuberosity of scapula, short head from coracoid process; insertion, tuberosity of radius; action, flexes and supinates forearm (it is the primary supinator of the forearm); nerve supply, musculocutaneous. ... Synonym: musculus biceps brachii, biceps muscle of arm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biceps femoris
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, long head (caput longum) from tuberosity of ischium, short head (caput breve) from lower half of lateral lip of linea aspera; insertion, head of fibula; action, flexes knee and rotates leg laterally; nerve supply, long head, tibial, short head, peroneal. ... Synonym: musculus biceps femoris, biceps muscle of thigh, mu …
biceps femoris reflex
Contraction of the biceps femoris upon tapping its lower part, just above its attachment to the head of the fibula, while the limb is partly flexed at hip and knee. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biceps muscle of arm
Synonym for biceps brachii ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, long head from supraglenoidal tuberosity of scapula, short head from coracoid process; insertion, tuberosity of radius; action, flexes and supinates forearm (it is the primary supinator of the forearm); nerve supply, musculocutaneous. ... Synonym: musculus biceps brachii, biceps muscle of …
biceps muscle of thigh
Synonym for biceps femoris ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, long head (caput longum) from tuberosity of ischium, short head (caput breve) from lower half of lateral lip of linea aspera; insertion, head of fibula; action, flexes knee and rotates leg laterally; nerve supply, long head, tibial, short head, peroneal. ... Synonym: musculus biceps femor …
biceps reflex
Contraction of the biceps muscle when its tendon is struck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bichat
Marie F.X., French anatomist, physician, and biologist, 1771-1802. ... See: Bichat's canal, Bichat's fat-pad, Bichat's fissure, Bichat's foramen, Bichat's fossa, Bichat's ligament, Bichat's membrane, Bichat's protuberance, Bichat's tunic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bichat's canal
Synonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …
Bichat's fat-pad
Synonym for buccal fat-pad ... An encapsuled mass of fat in the cheek on the outer side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant; supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of sucking. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum buccae, Bichat's fat-pad, Bichat's protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad, suctor …
Bichat's fissure
The nearly circular fissure corresponding to the medial margin of the cerebral (pallial) mantle, marking the hilus of the cerebral hemisphere, consisting of the callosomarginal fissure and choroidal fissure along the hippocampus, both of which are continuous with the stem of the fissure of Sylvius at the anterior extremity of the temporal lobe. ... …
Bichat's foramen
Synonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …
Bichat's fossa
Synonym for pterygopalatine fossa ... Sphenomaxillary fossa, a small pyramidal space, housing the pterygopalatine ganglion, between the pterygoid process, the maxilla, and the palatine bone. ... Synonym: fossa pterygopalatina, Bichat's fossa, pterygomaxillary fossa, sphenomaxillary fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bichat's ligament
<anatomy> The lower fasciculus of the posterior sacroiliac ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bichat's membrane
The inner elastic membrane of arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bichat's protuberance
Synonym for buccal fat-pad ... An encapsuled mass of fat in the cheek on the outer side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant; supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of sucking. ... Synonym: corpus adiposum buccae, Bichat's fat-pad, Bichat's protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad, suctor …
Bichat's tunic
The tunica intima of the blood vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicho
Synonym for epidemic gangrenous proctitis ... A generally fatal disease affecting chiefly children in the tropics, characterised by gangrenous ulceration of the rectum and anus, accompanied by frequent watery stools and tenesmus. ... Synonym: bicho, caribi, Indian sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
biciliate
Having two cilia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicipital
1. <anatomy> Having two heads or origins, as a muscle. Pertaining to a biceps muscle; as, bicipital furrows, the depressions on either side of the biceps of the arm. ... 2. <botany> Dividing into two parts at one extremity; having two heads or two supports; as, a bicipital tree. ... Origin: L. Biceps, bicipitis: cf. F. Bicipital. See Bice …
bicipital aponeurosis
Aponeurosis bicipitalis, radiating fibres from the tendon of insertion of the biceps which form a triangular band passing obliquely across the hollow of the elbow to the ulnar side and becoming merged into the deep fascia of the forearm. Formerly called 'grace Dieu' fascia, it serves to protect the brachial artery and median nerve during phlebotomy …
bicipital bursitis
Synonym for intertubercular bursitis ... Inflammation of the intertubercular bursa of the biceps brachii muscle of the shoulder of the horse, usually the result of trauma. ... Synonym: bicipital bursitis, shoulder bursitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bicipital fascia
Synonym for bicipital aponeurosis ... Aponeurosis bicipitalis, radiating fibres from the tendon of insertion of the biceps which form a triangular band passing obliquely across the hollow of the elbow to the ulnar side and becoming merged into the deep fascia of the forearm. Formerly called 'grace Dieu' fascia, it serves to protect the brachial arte …
bicipital groove
Synonym for intertubercular groove ... A furrow running down the shaft of the humerus between the two tubercles, lodging the tendon of the long head of the biceps, and giving attachment in its floor to the latissimus dorsi muscle. ... Synonym: sulcus intertubercularis, bicipital groove, intertubercular sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
