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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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Bayley Scales of Infant DevelopmentA psychological test used to measure the developmental progress of infants over the first two and one-half years of life; consists of three scales: mental, motor, and behaviour record. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bayley, Nancy<person> U.S. Psychologist, *1899. ... See: Bayley Scales of Infant Development. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
baylisascariasisThe disease caused by nematode parasites of the genus Baylisascaris; migrating larvae of the raccoon parasite B. Procyonis can cause a severe disease of the central nervous system in a variety of wild and domestic animal species and, rarely, in human beings; human disease has been manifested as either a fatal eosinophilic meningoencephalitis or a d …
BaylisascarisA genus of ascarid nematodes found in the intestine of mammals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Baylisascaris procyonisA large roundworm commonly found in raccoons; has been the cause of human visceral larva migrans and ocular larva migrans, following accidental ingestion of embryonated Baylisascaris procyonis eggs in faeces of infected raccoons. Central nervous system tissue following systemic migration by larvae of Baylisascaris is thought to be due to cytotoxic …
bayonetAn instrument having a blade or nib that is offset and parallel to the shaft. ... Origin: Fr. Bayonette, fr. Bayonne, France, where first made ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bayonet forcepsForceps with offset blades, such as those for use through an otoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bayonet hairA spindle-shaped developmental defect occurring at the tapered end of the hair. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bayouA marshy inlet or outlet of a lake, river, etc., also a backwater. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Bazett, Henry<person> English cardiologist, *1885. ... See: Bazett's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bazett's formulaA formula for correcting the observed Q-T interval in the electrocardiogram for cardiac rate: corrected Q-T = Q-T sec/✓R -R sec. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bazex, A<person> 20th century French physician. ... See: Bazex's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bazex's syndrome<syndrome> Erythematous to plum-coloured scaly acral skin lesions, paronychia, and nail dysplasia; associated with cancer of the upper respiratory or upper alimentary tract. ... Synonym: paraneoplastic acrokeratosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bazin, Antoine<person> French dermatologist, 1807-1878. ... See: Bazin's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bazin's diseaseSynonym for erythema induratum ... A type of panniculitis characterised histologically by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal women, i …
BCGSynonym for Bacille Calmette-Guerin ... An attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis used in the preparation of BCG vaccine that is used for immunization against tuberculosis and in cancer chemotherapy. Extracts of the bacterium have remarkable powers in stimulation of lymphocytes and leucocytes and are used in adjuvants. ... Synonym: Calmette-Guerin …
BCG vaccine<drug> Live attenuated vaccine for tuberculosis. For groups and health care workers in high endemic areas. Not to be given to individuals with HIV infection. ... (15 Nov 1997) ...
BcgI methyltransferase<enzyme> From bacillus coagulans; an m(6)a-methyltransferase which produces n-6 methyladenine as the sole product of bcgi methylation ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: bcgi methylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
bcl<oncogene> Two variants of this oncogene are recognised. ... 1. Bcl-2: A proto-oncogene, activated by chromosome translocation in human B-cell lymphomas (hence bcl). Encodes a plasma membrane protein. The gene product inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis) and is homologous with the worm gene ced 9. ... See: ced mutant. ... 2. Bcl-3: An onco …
bcl-2Synonym for bcl ... <oncogene> Two variants of this oncogene are recognised. ... 1. Bcl-2: A proto-oncogene, activated by chromosome translocation in human B-cell lymphomas (hence bcl). Encodes a plasma membrane protein. The gene product inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis) and is homologous with the worm gene ced 9. ... See: ced mutant.
bcl-3
Synonym for bcl ... <oncogene> Two variants of this oncogene are recognised. ... 1. Bcl-2: A proto-oncogene, activated by chromosome translocation in human B-cell lymphomas (hence bcl). Encodes a plasma membrane protein. The gene product inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis) and is homologous with the worm gene ced 9. ... See: ced mutant.
BCNU
Synonym for carmustine ... <chemical> A cell-cycle phase non-specific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumours and various other malignant neoplasms. This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the fourth annual report on carcinogens (ntp 85-002, 1985). ... Pharmacological ac …
BCR
Synonym for breakpoint cluster region ... A region on chromosome 22 that is involved in the Philadelphia translocation. ... Acronym: BCR ... (15 Nov 1997) ...
bdellin
One of a group of protease inhibitors from the leech. ... Origin: G. Bdella, leech, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bdellovibrio
A genus of bacteria capable of developing within other bacteria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
bDNA
<molecular biology> A test used to determine the amount of HIV (as well as other viruses) in blood plasma. ... The test uses a signal amplification technique, which creates a luminescent signal whose brightness depends on the viral RNA present. Test results are calibrated in numbers of virus particle equivalents per millilitre of plasma. BDNA …
BDNF
Synonym for brain-derived neurotrophic factor ... <growth factor> Small basic protein purified from pig brain, a member of the family of neurotrophic factors that also includes Nerve Growth Factor and neurotrophin 3. ... In contrast to nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor is predominanantly (though not exclusively) localised i …
BDS
<abbreviation> Bachelor of Dental Surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
BDSc
<abbreviation> Bachelor of Dental Science. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Be
Symbol for beryllium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beach
1. Pebbles, collectively; shingle. ... 2. <ecology> The shore of the sea, or of a lake, which is washed by the waves; especially, a sandy or pebbly shore; the strand. Raised beach, an accumulation of water-worn stones, gravel, sand, and other shore deposits, above the present level of wave action, whether actually raised by elevation of the co …
bead
1. A prayer. ... 2. A little perforated ball, to be strung on a thread, and worn for ornament; or used in a rosary for counting prayers, as by Roman Catholics and Mohammedans, whence the phrases to tell beads, to at one's beads, to bid beads, etc, meaning, to be at prayer. ... 3. Any small globular body; as, A bubble in spirits. ... A drop of sweat or …
beaded
1. Marked by numerous small rounded projections, often arranged in a row like a string of beads. ... 2. Applied to a series of noncontinuous bacterial colonies along the line of inoculation in a stab culture. ... 3. Denoting stained bacteria in which more deeply stained granules occur at regular intervals in the organism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beaded hair
Synonym for monilethrix ... An autosomal dominant trichodystrophy in which brittle hairs show a series of constrictions, usually without a medulla. ... Synonym: beaded hair, moniliform hair. ... Origin: L. Monile, necklace, + G. Thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beading
1. Numerous small rounded projections, often in a row like a string of beads. ... 2. The rounded elevation along the border of the tissue surface of the major connectors of a maxillary dental prosthesis. ... 3. Protection of the formed borders of final impressions for a dental prosthesis done by placement of wax sticks or a plaster-pumice combination …
beading of the ribs
Synonym for rachitic rosary ... A row of beading at the junction of the ribs with their cartilages, often seen in rachitic children. ... Synonym: beading of the ribs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beadle
1. A messenger or crier of a court; a servitor; one who cites or bids persons to appear and answer; called also an apparitor or summoner. ... 2. An officer in a university, who precedes public processions of officers and students. ... In this sense the archaic spellings bedel (Oxford) and bedell (Cambridge) are preserved. ... 3. An inferior parish off …
Beadle, George
<person> An American geneticist who won the Nobel Prize in 1958 with Edward Tatum for showing that genes are responsible for controlling the production of enzymes. ... Lived: 1903-1991. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
beadroll
A catalogue of persons, for the rest of whose souls a certain number of prayers are to be said or counted off on the beads of a chaplet; hence, a catalogue in general. 'On Fame's eternal beadroll worthy to be field.' (Spenser) 'It is quite startling, on going over the beadroll of English worthies, to find how few are directly represented in the mal …
beak
A prominent terminal projection, especially of a carpel or fruit. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
beak sign
<clinical sign> Appearance of the distal oesophagus, on a contrast oesophagram, in achalasia; also used to describe the proximal pyloric canal on upper GI series in congenital pyloric stenosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beaked pelvis
Synonym for osteomalacic pelvis ... A pelvic deformity in osteomalacia; the pressure of the trunk on the sacrum and lateral pressure of the femoral heads produce a pelvic aperture that is three-cornered or has the shape of a heart or cloverleaf, while the pubic bone becomes beak-shaped. ... Synonym: beaked pelvis, rostrate pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) …
beaker
A thin glass vessel, with a lip (beak) for pouring, used as containers for liquids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beaker cell
Synonym for goblet cell ... 1. <pathology> Cell of the epithelial lining of small intestine that secretes mucus and has a very well developed Golgi apparatus. ... 2. <zoology> Cell type characteristic of larval lepidopteran midgut, containing a potent H ATPase and thought to be involved in maintenance of ion and pH gradients. ... (10 Oct 1 …
Beale
Lionel S., British physician, 1828-1906. ... See: Beale's cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beale's cell
A bipolar ganglion cell of the heart with one spiral and one straight prolongation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beam
<radiobiology> Stream of particles or electromagnetic radiation travelling in a single direction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
beam dump
<radiobiology> A mass of shielding material which absorbs the energy of a beam of particles or electromagnetic radiation. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
beam splitter
<radiobiology> Optical device for dividing a beam of electromagnetic radiation into two or more separate beams. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
beam-beam reaction
<radiobiology> Fusion reaction which occurs from the collision of two fast ions originating in injected neutral beams. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
beam-plasma reaction
<radiobiology> Fusion reaction which occurs from the collision of a fast beam ion with a thermal plasma ion. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
beam-wall reaction
<radiobiology> Fusion reaction which occurs from the collision of a fast beam ion with an ion embedded in or adsorbed onto the reactor wall. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
bean
1. <botany> A name given to the seed of certain leguminous herbs, chiefly of the genera Faba, Phaseolus, and Dolichos; also, to the herbs. ... The origin and classification of many kinds are still doubtful. Among true beans are: the black-eyed bean and China bean, included in Dolichos Sinensis; black Egyptian bean or hyacinth bean, D. Lablab; …
bean-shaped plasma
<radiobiology> A toroidal plasma indented on the inboard side (the side with the donut hole), that results in additional stability to ballooning modes. Moderate indentation may provide access to the second-stability region (high beta). ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
bear
1. To produce, as fruit; to be fruitful, in opposition to barrenness. 'This age to blossom, and the next to bear.' (Dryden) ... 2. To suffer, as in carrying a burden. 'But man is born to bear.' (Pope) ... 3. To endure with patience; to be patient. 'I can not, can not bear.' (Dryden) ... 4. To press; with on or upon, or against. 'These men bear hard on …
beard
1. To take by the beard; to seize, pluck, or pull the beard of (a man), in anger or contempt. ... 2. To oppose to the gills; to set at defiance. 'No admiral, bearded by three corrupt and dissolute minions of the palace, dared to do more than mutter something about a court martial.' (Macaulay) ... 3. To deprive of the gills; used only of oysters and s …
bearer
1. One who, or that which, bears, sustains, or carries. 'Bearers of burdens.' . 'The bearer of unhappy news.' ... 2. Specifically: One who assists in carrying a body to the grave; a pallbearer. ... 3. A palanquin carrier; also, a house servant. ... 4. A tree or plant yielding fruit; as, a good bearer. ... 5. One who holds a check, note, draft, or other …
bearing
1. The manner in which one bears or conducts one's self; mien; behavior; carriage. 'I know him by his bearing.' (Shak) ... 2. Patient endurance; suffering without complaint. ... 3. The situation of one object, with respect to another, such situation being supposed to have a connection with the object, or influence upon it, or to be influenced by it; …
bearing down
Expulsive effort of a parturient woman in the second stage of labour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bearing-down pain
A uterine contraction accompanied by straining and tenesmus; usually appearing in the second stage of labour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bears
Plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals of the family ursidae, having massive bodies, coarse heavy fur, relatively short limbs, and almost rudimentary tails. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
beat
1. To strike repeatedly; to lay repeated blows upon; as, to beat one's breast; to beat iron so as to shape it; to beat grain, in order to force out the seeds; to beat eggs and sugar; to beat a drum. 'Thou shalt beat some of it [spices] very small.' (Ex. Xxx. 36) 'They did beat the gold into thin plates.' (Ex. Xxxix. 3) ... 2. To punish by blows; to …
beat-to-beat variability
Variability of foetal heart rate measured in changes in the QRS-QRS interval from heart beat to heart beat; measured with electronic internal foetal heart rate monitors. ... Continuous variation, a series of very slight variation's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beatify
1. To pronounce or regard as happy, or supremely blessed, or as conferring happiness. 'The common conceits and phrases that beatify wealth.' (Barrow) ... 2. To make happy; to bless with the completion of celestial enjoyment. 'Beatified spirits.' ... 3. To ascertain and declare, by a public process and decree, that a deceased person is one of 'the ble …
beatitude
1. Felicity of the highest kind; consummate bliss. ... 2. Any one of the nine declarations (called the Beatitudes), made in the Sermon on the Mount, with regard to the blessedness of those who are distinguished by certain specified virtues. ... 3. Beatification. ... Synonym: Blessedness, felicity, happiness. ... Origin: L. Beatitudo: cf. F. Beatitude.< …
Beau, Joseph
<person> French physician, 1806-1865. ... See: Beau's lines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beau's lines
Transverse depressions on the fingernails following severe febrile disease, malnutrition, trauma, myocardial infarction, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beauty
Origin: OE. Beaute, beute, OF. Beaute, biaute, Pr. Beltat, F. Beaute, fr. An assumed LL. Bellitas, from L. Bellus pretty. See Beau. ... 1. An assemblage or graces or properties pleasing to the eye, the ear, the intellect, the aesthetic faculty, or the moral sense. 'Beauty consists of a certain composition of colour and figure, causing delight in the …
Beauvaria
A genus of fungi (class Hyphomycetes). Beauvaria bassiana is pathogenic for insects, holds promise in the biologic control of insects, and has produced hyalohyphomycosis in humans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
beauvericin synthetase
<enzyme> Multifunctional enzyme catalyzing dipeptide formation in beauveria bassiana ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
beaver
1. <zoology> An amphibious rodent, of the genus Castor. ... It has palmated hind feet, and a broad, flat tail. It is remarkable for its ingenuity in constructing its valued for its fur, and for the material called castor, obtained from two small bags in the groin of the animal. The European species is Castor fibre, and the American is generall …
becanthone hydrochloride
1-[2-[Ethyl(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)amino]ethyl]amino-4-methylthioxanthen-9-one;a schistosomicide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
bechic
A drug that stops a cough. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Bechterew-Mendel reflex
Percussion of the dorsum of the foot causes flexion of the toes; present in a pyramidal lesion. ... Synonym: dorsum pedis reflex, Mendel-Bechterew reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bechterew, Vladimir von
<person> Russian neurologist, 1857-1927. ... See: Bechterew's band, Bechterew's disease, layer of Bechterew, Bechterew's nucleus, Bechterew's sign, line of Bechterew, band of Kaes-Bechterew, Bechterew-Mendel reflex, Mendel-Bechterew reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bechterew's band
Synonym for band of Kaes-Bechterew ... A band of horizontal myelinated fibres in the most superficial part of the third layer of the isocortex. ... Synonym: Bechterew's band, layer of Bechterew, line of Bechterew, line of Kaes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bechterew's disease
Synonym for spondylitis deformans ... Arthritis and osteitis deformans involving the spinal column; marked by nodular deposits at the edges of the intervertebral disks with ossification of the ligaments and bony ankylosis of the intervertebral articulations, it results in a rounded kyphosis with rigidity. ... Synonym: Bechterew's disease, poker back, …
Bechterew's nucleus
See: vestibular nucleus. ... Synonym: nucleus centralis tegmenti superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Bechterew's sign
<clinical sign> Paralysis of automatic facial movements, the power of voluntary movement being retained. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beck, Claude
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1894-1971. ... See: Beck's triad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beck, Emil
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1866-1932. ... See: Beck's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beck's method
A permanent opening into the stomach made from its greater curvature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beck's triad
Synonym for acute compression triad ... The rising venous pressure, falling arterial pressure, and decreased heart sounds of pericardial tamponade. ... Synonym: Beck's triad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Becke line
<microscopy> When the liquid phase of a microscopical mount has arefractive index different from that of the solid phase, a line or narrow band of light can be observed around or just within the outlines of the specimen as the microscope tube is raised or lowered from its position of best focus. The presence of the line indicates the differen …
becker antigen
bea antigen ...
Becker type muscular dystrophy
A muscular dystrophy that has many of the clinical features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy e.g., symmetrical involvement of first the pelvicrural muscles and then the pectoral girdle and proximal upper extremity muscles; pseudohypertrophy, especially of the calf muscles but with a much later age of onset (35-45 years), and more benign course. X-lin …
Becker, J
<person> ... See: Becker's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Becker, Peter
<person> German geneticist, *1908. ... See: Becker type tardive muscular dystrophy, Becker type muscular dystrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Becker, Samuel
<person> U.S. Dermatologist, 1894-1964. ... See: Becker's nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Becker's disease
An obscure South African cardiomyopathy leading to rapidly fatal congestive heart failure and idiopathic mural endomyocardial disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Becker's muscular dystrophy
An X-linked inherited disorder characterised by slowly progressive muscle weakness of the legs and pelvis. Other symptoms and findings include increased difficulty walking, intellectual retardation, fatigue and pseudohypertrophy of the calf muscles. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
Becker's nevus
A nevus first seen as an irregular pigmentation of the shoulders, upper chest, or scapular area, gradually enlarging irregularly and becoming thickened and hairy. ... Synonym: pigmented hair epidermal nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Becker's stain
<technique> For spirochetes, a stain applied to thin films fixed in formaldehyde-acetic acid; preparations are treated successively with tannin, carbolic acid, and carbol fuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beckmann, Ernst
<person> German chemist, 1853-1923. ... See: Beckmann's apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beckmann's apparatus
Apparatus for the accurate measurement of melting points and boiling points in connection with molecular weight determinations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beckwith syndrome
<syndrome> This syndrome, of unknown cause, is characterised by a group of the following findings: large tongue, organ enlargement (visceromegaly), large body size, umbilical hernia and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Evidence suggests a genetic lesion. Birth weight is often more than 8 pounds. Complications include Wilm's tumour, seizures, aspiratio …
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
<syndrome> This syndrome, of unknown cause, is characterised by a group of the following findings: large tongue, organ enlargement (visceromegaly), large body size, umbilical hernia and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Evidence suggests a genetic lesion. Birth weight is often more than 8 pounds. Complications include Wilm's tumour, seizures, aspiratio …
Beckwith, John Beckwith
<person> U.S. Pathologist, *1933. ... See: Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beclard, Pierre
<person> French anatomist, 1785-1825. ... See: Beclard's anastomosis, Beclard's hernia, Beclard's triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Beclard's anastomosis
An anastomosis between the right and the left end-branch of the deep lingual artery. ... Synonym: arcus raninus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
