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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Barcroft-Warburg technique
Synonym for Warburg's apparatus ... An apparatus for measuring the oxygen consumption of incubated tissue slices by manometric measurement of changes in gas pressure produced by oxygen absorption in an enclosed flask. ... Synonym: Barcroft-Warburg apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bard
1. The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind. ... 2. Specifically, Peruvian bark. Bark bed. See Bark stove (below). Bark pit, a pit filled with bark and water, in which hides are steeped in tanning. ... <botany> Bark stove, a glazed structure for keeping tropical plants, having a bed of tanner's bark (called a bark bed …

Bardet
Georges, French physician, *1885. ... See: Bardet-Biedl syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bardet-Biedl syndrome
<syndrome> Mental retardation, pigmentary retinopathy, polydactyly, obesity, and hypogenitalism; recessive inheritance. ... See: Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bardinet
Barthelemy A., French physician, 1809-1874. ... See: Bardinet's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Bardinet's ligament
<anatomy> The posterior band of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bare
1. Without clothes or covering; stripped of the usual covering; naked; as, his body is bare; the trees are bare. ... 2. With head uncovered; bareheaded. 'When once thy foot enters the church, be bare.' (Herbert) ... 3. Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed. 'Bare in thy guilt, how foul must thou appe …

bare area of liver
The area on the posterior surface of the liver which is fused with the diaphragm and therefore not covered by peritoneum. ... Synonym: area nuda hepatis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bare area of stomach
The part of posterior surface of the fundus of the stomach between the two diverging layers of the gastrophrenic ligament, that is not covered by peritoneum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bare lymphocyte syndrome
<syndrome> Absence of HLA antigens on peripheral mononuclear cells, which may result in immunodeficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baresthesia
Synonym: pressure sense. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baresthesiometer
An instrument for measuring the pressure sense. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + aisthesis, sensation, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barge
1. A pleasure boat; a vessel or boat of state, elegantly furnished and decorated. ... 2. A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of passengers or goods; as, a ship's barge; a charcoal barge. ... 3. A large boat used by flag officers. ... 4. A double-decked passenger or freight vessel, towed by a steamboat. ... 5. A large omnibus used for excursions. ... …

baria
<chemistry> Baryta. ... Origin: Cf. Barium. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

bariatric
Relating to bariatrics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

bariatrics
That branch of medicine concerned with the management (prevention or control) of obesity and allied diseases. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + iatreia, medical treatment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baricity
The weight of one substance compared to the weight of an equal volume of another substance at the same temperature. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barilla
1. <botany> A name given to several species of Salsola from which soda is made, by burning the barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes. ... 2. The alkali produced from the plant, being an impure carbonate of soda, used for making soap, glass, etc, and for bleaching purposes. Impure soda obtained from the ashes of any seashore plant, or kelp …

barite
<chemical> Native sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent, colourless, white to yellow crystals (generally tabular), also in granular form, and in compact massive forms resembling marble. It has a high specific gravity, and hence is often called heavy spar. It is a common mineral in metallic veins. ... Source: Websters Dictionar …

baritone
1. Grave and deep, as a kind of male voice. ... 2. Not marked with an accent on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood. ... Origin: Gr.; heavy + tone. ... 1. A male voice, the compass of which partakes of the common bass and the tenor, but which does not descend as low as the one, nor rise as high as the other. A person having a voice of …

baritosis
A form of pneumoconiosis caused by barite or barium dust. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barium
<chemistry> One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white colour, and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called baryta. [Rarely written barytum. ... Some of the compounds of t …

barium chloride
Formerly used as a heart tonic and for varicose veins; extremely toxic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barium compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain barium as an integral part of the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

barium contrast material
This radiopaque contrast material is either swallowed or given as a enema for the purpose of demonstrating the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract using X-rays. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

barium enema
A radiographic diagnostic procedure that involves the introduction of a barium containing contrast material into the lower gastrointestinal tract via the anus. X-rays taken after instillation of the barium will outline the course and anatomy of the lower GI tract. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

barium hydroxide
Ba(OH)2;a caustic compound combined with calcium hydroxide in a carbon dioxide absorbent; used in anaesthetic circuits. ... See: absorbent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barium meal
Oral administration of barium sulfate suspension for radiographic study of the upper gastrointestinal tract (British usage). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barium oxide
BaO;it is caustic, forming the strong base, Ba(OH)2, in water; used as a dehydrating agent. ... Synonym: baryta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barium radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of barium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ba atoms with atomic weights 126-129, 131, 133, and 139-143 are radioactive barium isotopes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

barium solution
A liquid containing barium sulfate, which shows up on X-rays. It outlines organs of the body so they can be seen on X-ray film. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

barium sulfate
<chemical> Sulfuric acid, barium salt (1:1). A compound used as an X-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield. ... Pharmacological action: contrast media. ... Chemical name: Sulfuric acid, barium salt (1:1)< …

barium sulfide
A poisonous grayish yellow powder, used as a depilatory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barium swallow
An upper gastrointestinal series (barium swallow) is an X-ray test used to define the anatomy of the upper digestive tract. Women who are or may be pregnant should notify the doctor requesting the procedure and the radiology staff. The test involves filling the oesophagus, stomach, and small intestines with a white liquid material (barium). ... (12 …

bark
The outermost covering of trees and some plants. This is composed of the cuticle or epidermis, the outer bark (cortex), and the inner bark or fibre. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Barkan
Otto, U.S. Ophthalmologist, 1887-1958. ... See: Barkan's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barkan's operation
Goniotomy for congenital glaucoma under direct observation of the anterior chamber angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barkman
A°ke, 20th century Swedish internist. ... See: Barkman's reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barkman's reflex
Contraction of the ipsilateral rectus muscle in response to a stimulus applied to the skin below a nipple. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barkow
Hans K.L., German anatomist, 1798-1873. ... See: Barkow's ligaments. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barkow's ligaments
The anterior and posterior portions of the fibrous capsule of the elbow joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barley
<botany> A valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus Hordeum, used for food, and for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky. ... <zoology> Barley bird, the siskin. Barley sugar, sugar boiled till it is brittle (formerly with a decoction of barley) and candied. Barley water, a decoction of barley, used in medicin …

barley peroxidase
<enzyme> Endosperm specific enzyme; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 1.11.1.- ... Synonym: b peroxidase 1, barley seed-specific peroxidase bp 1, barley seed peroxidase bp 2a ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Barlow syndrome
<syndrome> Late apical systolic murmur or (so-called 'mid-late') systolic click, or both, due to massive billowing of the anterior and/or posterior (mural) mitral valvular leaflet into the left atrial cavity (also, floppy valve syndrome); electrocardiographically, ST-T changes in a posteroinferior distribution resembling those of myocardial i …

Barlow, John
<person> 20th century South African cardiologist. ... See: Barlow syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barlow, Sir Thomas
<person> British physician, 1845-1945. ... See: Barlow's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barlow's disease
infantile scurvy ...

Barlow's syndrome
<syndrome> Also referred to as mitral valve prolapse, systolic click-murmur syndrome, floppy-valve syndrome and billowing mitral leaflet syndrome. A common, but highly variable (most individuals are asymptomatic), clinical syndrome that has been described in up to 7% of all females in the 14 to 30 age group. There is also an increased familia …

barn
<radiobiology> Unit of area equal to 1x10^-24 square centimetres (or 1x10^-28 square metres). Commonly used in describing cross-sections of atomic, nuclear, and particle interactions. (see cross section). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

barnacle
1. <zoology> Any cirriped marine crustacean free swimming in the larval state, but permanently fixed as adults, adhering to rocks, floating timber, ships, etc. ... There are some 800 described species, grouped in several genera, including lepas, balanus, scalpellum, and the stalked or goose barnacles (genus Lepas and allies). ... 2. <zoology …

Barnes, Robert
<person> British obstetrician, 1817-1907. ... See: Barnes' curve, Barnes' zone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barnes, Stanley
<person> British physician, 1875-1955. ... See: Barnes' dystrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barnes' curve
A curve corresponding in general with Carus' curve, being the segment of a circle whose centre is the promontory of the sacrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barnes' dystrophy
A rare type of muscular dystrophy, in which muscles are often hypertrophic and stronger than normal, but later become weak and atrophic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barnes' zone
The lower fourth of the pregnant uterus, attachment of the placenta to any part of which may cause dangerous haemorrhage. ... Synonym: cervical zone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baro-
Weight, pressure. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baroceptor
Synonym for baroreceptor ... A pressure receptor in the wall of the atrium of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that is sensitive to stretching of the wall which occurs with increased pressure. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

barognosis
Ability to appreciate the weight of objects, or to differentiate objects of different weights. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + gnosis, knowledge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barometer
An instrument that measures the pressure of the atmosphere. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

barometric pressure
The absolute pressure of the ambient atmosphere, varying with weather, altitude, etc.; expressed in millibars (meteorology) or mm Hg or torr (respiratory physiology); at sea level, one atmosphere (atm, 760 mm Hg or torr) is equivalent to: 14.69595 lb/sq in, 1013.25 millibars, 1013.25 &times; 106 dynes/cm2, and, in SI units, 101,325 pascals (Pa) …

baron
1. A title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in England, a nobleman of the lowest grade in the House of Lords, being next below a viscount. ... 'The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of the annual v …

barony
Origin: OF. Baronie, F. Baronnie, LL. Baronia. See Baron. ... 1. The fee or domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron. ... 2. In Ireland, a territorial division, corresponding nearly to the English hundred, and supposed to have been originally the district of a native chief. There are 252 of these baronies. In Scotland, an extensiv …

barophile
A microorganism which grows best (or can only grow) in high-pressure environments, such as deep-sea environments. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

barophilic
Thriving under high environmental pressure; applied to microorganisms. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baroreceptor
A pressure receptor in the wall of the atrium of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that is sensitive to stretching of the wall which occurs with increased pressure. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

baroreceptor nerve
Synonym for pressoreceptor nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A nerve composed of afferent fibres the endings of which are sensitive to increases in mechanical pressure; the term specifically refers to sensory nerve's innervating the walls of hollow organs. ... Synonym: baroreceptor nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

baroreflex
A negative feedback system which buffers short-term changes in blood pressure. Increased pressure stretches blood vessels which activates pressoreceptors (baroreceptors) in the vessel walls. The net response of the central nervous system is a reduction of central sympathetic outflow. This reduces blood pressure both by decreasing peripheral vascula …

baroscope
<instrument> Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere; also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates -or foreshadows changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes. ... Origin: Gr. Weight + -scope: cf. F. Baroscope. ... Sour …

barosinusitis
Sinus troubles, particulaqrly with pain, due to changing atmospheric pressures, as when going up or down in a plane. Also called aerosinusitis or sinus barotrauma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

barostat
A pressure-regulating device or structure, such as the baroreceptors of the carotid sinus and aortic arch, when connected to effectors providing negative feedback. ... Origin: G., baros, weight, pressure, + statos, made to stand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barotaxis
Reaction of living tissue to changes in pressure. ... Synonym: barotropism. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + taxis, order ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barotitis
Middle ear problems due to changing atmospheric pressures, as when a plane descends to land. The problems include ear pain, ringing, diminished hearing and, sometimes, dizziness. The word barotitis (pronounced bar-o-tit-is) is compounded from bar- as in barometer + otitis meaning inflammation of the ear. Alternate terms include aerotitis, aerotitis …

barotitis externa
This refers to the effect of pressure on the external ear canal. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

barotitis media
This refers to the effect of pressure on the middle ear space (inner aspect of the ear drum). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

barotolerant
A microorganism which grows best in environments with standard atmospheric pressure, but can also survive and grow in high pressure environments. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

barotrauma
An injury that result as the result of rapid or extreme changes in pressure. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

barotrauma, otic
See: Barotitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

barotrauma, sinus
See: Barosinusitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

barotropism
Synonym: barotaxis. ... Origin: G. Baros, weight, + trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barque
1. Formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. Now applied poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind. ... 2. A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast squarerigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged. ... Origin: F. Barque, fr. Sp. Or It. Barca, fr. LL. Barca for barica. …

Barr body
Small dark staining inactivated X chromosome seen in female (XX) cells. According to the Lyon hypothesis, random inactivation occurs. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Barr chromatin body
Synonym for sex chromatin ... Condensed chromatin of the inactivated X chromosome in female mammals (Barr body). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Barr, Murray
<person> Canadian microanatomist, *1908. ... See: Barr chromatin body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barr, Yvonne
<person> English virologist, *1932. ... See: Epstein-Barr virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barracouata
1. <zoology> A voracious pikelike, marine fish, of the genus Sphyraena, sometimes used as food. ... That of Europe and our Atlantic coast is Sphyraena spet (or S. Vulgaris); a southern species is S. Picuda; the Californian is S. Argentea. ... 2. <zoology> A large edible fresh water fish of Australia and New Zealand (Thyrsites atun). ... So …

Barraquer Roviralta, Luis
<person> Spanish physician, 1855-1928. ... See: Barraquer's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barraquer, Hignacio
<person> Spanish ophthalmologist, 1884-1965. ... See: Barraquer's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barraquer's disease
Synonym for progressive lipodystrophy ... A condition characterised by a complete loss of the subcutaneous fat of the upper part of the torso, the arms, neck, and face, sometimes with an increase of fat in the tissues about and below the pelvis. ... Synonym: Barraquer's disease, lipodystrophia progessiva superior, partial lipoatrophy, Simons' disease …

Barraquer's method
Synonym for zonulolysis ... Zonulysis ... Dissolution of the zonula ciliaris by enzymes (alpha-chymotrypsin) to facilitate surgical removal of a cataract. ... Synonym: Barraquer's method. ... Origin: zonule + G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barre, Jean
<person> French neurologist, *1880. ... See: Barre's sign, Guillain-Barre reflex, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Landry-Guillain-Barre syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Barre's sign
<clinical sign> if the hemiplegic is placed in the prone position with the limbs flexed at the knees, he is unable to maintain the flexed position on the side of the lesion but extends the leg. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barrel
1. A round vessel or cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends or heads. ... 2. The quantity which constitutes a full barrel. This varies for different articles and also in different places for the same article, being regulated by custom or by law. A barrel of wine is 31 1/ …

barrel chest
A chest permanently resembling the shape of a barrel, i.e., with increased anteroposterior diameter, roughly equaling the lateral diameter; usually with some degree of kyphosis; seen in cases of emphysema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barrel distortion
<microscopy> A distortion, or aberration. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

barrel of oil equivalent
A unit of energy equal to the amount of energy contained in a barrel of crude oil. Approximately 5.78 million Btu or 1,700 kWh. A barrel is a liquid measure equal to 42 gallons. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

barren
1. A tract of barren land. ... 2. Elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but not timber; as, pine barrens; oak barrens. They are not necessarily sterile, and are often fertile. ... 1. Incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; aid of women and female animals. 'She was barren of children.' (Bp. Hall) ... 2. Not producin …

Barrett
Norman R., British physician, *1903. ... See: adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus, Barrett's oesophagus, Barrett's epithelium, Barrett's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barrett oesophagus
<radiology> Replacement of squamous epithelium with columnar metaplasia in lower oesophagus, incidence: 2-10% of patients with reflux oesophagitis, associated with adenocarcinoma in 8-10% findings: large deep ulceration with or without stricture at distal/mid oesophagus, fine reticular pattern, commonly reflux, columnar epithelium secretes Tc …

Barrett's epithelium
Columnar oesophageal epithelium seen in Barrett's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

barrett's oesophagus
A disorder in which the lining of the oesophagus undergoes cellular changes in response to chronic irritation and inflammation of reflux oesophagitis. This condition is more common in men than women. The patient with Barrett's oesophagus is at an increased risk of developing cancer of the oesophagus. ... Symptoms are similar to those of reflux oesop …