Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

thyroidectomy
(thi″roid-ek´tә-me) surgical removal of the thyroid gland, or suppression of its function by chemical means. Total thyroidectomy may be performed in cases of cancer of the thyroid. Subtotal thyroidectomy, in which more than two-thirds of the gland is removed, is performed for certain patients suffering ...

thyroidectomy cells
hypertrophied thyrotrophs found in the adenohypophysis after thyroidectomy and in severe thyroid hormone deficiency.

thyroiditis
(thi″roid-i´tis) inflammation of the thyroid gland, usually characterized by such symptoms as sore throat, fever, and painful enlargement of the gland.

thyroidotomy
(thi″roid-ot´ә-me) median laryngotomy.

thyrolaryngeal fascia
the fascia covering the thyroid gland and attached to the cricoid cartilage.

thyromegaly
(thi″ro-meg´ә-le) goiter.

thyromimetic
(thi″ro-mi-met´ik) producing effects similar to those of thyroid hormones or the thyroid gland.

thyronine-binding globulin
(TBG) thyroxine-binding globulin an acidic glycoprotein that is the main binding protein in the blood for thyroxine, and less firmly for triiodothyronine.

thyroparathyroidectomy
(thi″ro-par″ә-thi″roi-dek´tә-me) excision of the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

thyropharyngeus muscle
the part of the inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx arising from the thyroid cartilage.

thyroprival
(thi″ro-pri´vәl) hypothyroid.

thyroprivic
(thi″ro-priv´ik) hypothyroid.

thyroptosis
(thi″rop-to´sis) (thi″ro-to´sis) downward displacement of a goitrous thyroid into the thorax.

thyrotherapy
(thi″ro-ther´ә-pe) thyroid replacement therapy.

thyrotomy
(thi-rot´ә-me) median laryngotomy. the operation of cutting the thyroid gland.

thyrotoxic
(thi´ro-tok″sik) marked by the effects of presentation to the tissues of excessive quantities of the thyroid hormones.

thyrotoxic crisis
see thyroid crisis.

thyrotoxic heart disease
heart disease associated with hyperthyroidism, marked by atrial fibrillation, cardiac enlargement, and congestive heart failure. Called also thyrocardiac disease.

thyrotoxic periodic paralysis
recurrent episodes of general or local paralysis with hypokalemia, seen with Graves disease, usually in men in the third decade of life; attacks often come after exercise or a high-carbohydrate or high-sodium meal and generally last 3 to 12 hours.

thyrotoxicosis
(thi″ro-tok″sĭ-ko´sis) the condition caused by excessive quantities of thyroid hormones; see also hyperthyroidism. It may be due to overproduction by the thyroid gland (as in Graves disease), overproduction originating outside the gland, or loss of storage function and leakage from the gland.

thyrotrope
(thi´ro-trōp) thyrotroph.

thyrotrope adenoma
thyrotrope tumor a rare type of pituitary adenoma made up of thyrotroph-like cells that secrete excess thyrotropin and cause hyperthyroidism.

thyrotrope cell
thyrotroph cellthyrotropic cell thyrotroph.

thyrotroph
(thi´ro-trōf) a type of basophil in the adenohypophysis that secretes thyrotropin.

thyrotroph adenoma
thyrotroph tumor thyrotrope adenoma.

thyrotrophic
(thi″ro-tro´fik) thyrotropic.

thyrotrophin
(thi-rot´rә-fin) thyrotropin.

thyrotropic
(thi″ro-tro´pik) having an influence on the thyroid gland.

thyrotropin
(thi-rot´rә-pin) an anterior pituitary hormone having an affinity for and specifically stimulating the thyroid gland. Called also thyroid-stimulating hormone. thyrotropin alfa a recombinant form of human thyrotropin; it binds to thyrotropin receptors and stimulates the steps in thyr...

thyrotropin-releasing hormone
(TRH) a tripeptide hormone of the hypothalamus, which stimulates release of thyrotropin from the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary). In humans, it also acts as a prolactinreleasing factor. It is used in the diagnosis of mild hyperthyroidism and Graves disease, and in differentiating between primary, secondary, and ter...

thyroxine
(T4) (thi-rok´sin) a thyroid hormone that contains iodine and is a derivative of the amino acid tyrosine; its chemical name is tetraiodothyronine. It is formed and stored in the thyroid follicles as thyroglobulin and released from the gland by the action of a proteolytic enzyme. It is deiodinated in per...

Ti
titanium.

TIA
transient ischemic attack.

tiagabine
(ti-ag´ah-bēn) an anticonvulsant agent used orally as the hydrochloride salt as an adjunct in treatment of partial seizures.

tibia
(tib´e-ә) the inner and larger of the two bones of the lower leg; it articulates with the femur and head of the fibula above and with the talus below. Tibia. Anterior (A) and posterior (B) views of the right tibia. tibia valga a bowing of the l...

tibial
(tib´e-әl) pertaining to the tibia.

tibial nerve
origin, sciatic nerve in lower part of thigh; branches, interosseous nerve of leg, medial sural cutaneous and sural nerves, medial and lateral plantar nerves, and muscular and medial calcaneal branches; distribution, while still incorporated in the sciatic nerve, it supplies the semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles, long ...

tibialis anterior muscle
anterior tibial muscle: origin, lateral condyle and lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane; insertion, medial cuneiform bone and base of first metatarsal bone; innervation, deep peroneal nerve; action, dorsiflexes and inverts foot.

tibialis posterior muscle
posterior tibial muscle: origin, tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane; insertion, bases of second to fourth metatarsal bones and tarsal bones, except talus; innervation, tibial nerve; action, plantar flexes and inverts foot.

tibialis sign
dorsal flexion of the foot when the thigh is drawn up toward the body; seen in spastic paralysis of the lower limb. Called also Strümpell sign or phenomenon and anterior tibial sign.

tibioadductor reflex
tapping of the tibia on the medial side results either in homolateral adduction of the lower limb or crossed adduction from side to side.

tibiofemoral
(tib″e-o-fem´ә-rәl) pertaining to the tibia and femur; called also femorotibial.

tibiofemoral fossa
a space between the articular surfaces of the tibia and femur mesial or lateral to the inferior pole of the patella.

tibiofibular
(tib″e-o-fib´u-lәr) pertaining to the tibia and fibula.

tibiotarsal
(tib″e-o-tahr´sәl) pertaining to the tibia and tarsus.

tic
(tik) (Fr. tēk) an involuntary, compulsive, rapid, repetitive, stereotyped movement or vocalization, experienced as irresistible although it can be suppressed for some length of time; occurrence is increased by stress and reduced during sleep or engrossing activities. Tics may be caused by ps...

Ticar
(ti´kah;r) trademark for a preparation of ticarcillin disodium, a penicillinantibiotic.

ticarcillin
(ti″kahr-sil´in) a semisynthetic broad-spectrum penicillinantibiotic effective against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms; administered orally as the disodium salt.

tick
(tik) a blood-sucking parasitic arachnid, larger than a mite; there are two types, hard ticks and soft ticks. They spread numerous diseases, especially the tick fevers. argasid tick soft tick. hard tick , ixodid tick a tick of the family I...

tick paralysis
progressive ascending flaccid paralysis following the bite of certain ticks, usually because of a toxin in the tick's saliva.

tick typhus
tick-borne typhus tick fever. spotted fever.

tick-bite fever
tick fever any of various infectious diseases transmitted by the bite of a tick. The causative parasite may be a rickettsia, as in Rocky Mountain spotted fever; a bacterium such as Babesia or Borrelia; or a virus, such as that of Colorado tick fever.

tick-borne encephalitis
any of several types of epidemic encephalitis usually spread by the bites of ticks of the genus Ixodes that are infected with flaviviruses. It ranges in severity from mild to fatal and there may be degenerative changes in organs other than those of the nervous system. The most common, severe form is Russian spring-summer enceph...

tick-borne encephalitis viruses
a serogroup of the genus Flavivirus, consisting of viruses that are transmitted by ticks and cause encephalitis in humans and animals that ranges in severity from subclinical to fatal. It comprises European and Far Eastern subtypes. See accompanying table.

tick-borne fever
tick-bite fever. a general term for a condition spread by ticks.

tick-borne relapsing fever
a type of relapsing fever that can be caused by numerous different species of Borrelia, spread to humans from animal reservoirs through tick vectors that are usually species of Ornithodoros. It is endemic in numerous parts of the world where the ticks and their hosts are found. Called also endemic relapsing fever.

tick-borne viruses
viruses that are transmitted by ticks.

ticlopidine
(ti-klo´pĭ-dēn) a platelet inhibitor used as the hydrochloride salt in the prevention of stroke syndrome.

tidal
(ti´dәl) ebbing and flowing like the waters of the oceans.

tidal drainage
drainage of the urinary bladder by an apparatus that alternately fills the bladder to a predetermined pressure and empties it by a combination of siphonage and gravity flow.

tidal volume
the amount of gas passing into and out of the lungs in each respiratory cycle.

tidal wave
the wave after the percussion wave on a sphygmograph recording; the second elevation of the tracing, preceding the dicrotic wave.

tide
(tīd) a physiologic variation or increase of a certain constituent in body fluids. acid tide a temporary increase in the acidity of the urine that sometimes follows fasting. alkaline tide a temporary increase in the alkalinity of the urine during gastr...

Tietze disease
(tēt´sә) Tietze syndrome idiopathic painful nonsuppurative swellings of one or more costal cartilages, especially of the second rib; the anterior chest pain may mimic that of coronary artery disease. The condition may persist for years.

Tigan
(ti´gan) trademark for preparations of trimethobenzamide hydrochloride, an antiemetic.

tigroid bodies
Nissl bodies.

Tillaux disease
(te-yo´) fibrocystic disease of breast.

Tillaux fracture
vertical fracture of the distal lateral margin of the tibia.

tilt
to tip away from an upright position. a condition of being tilted. pelvic tilt an anteroposterior motion of the pelvis around an imaginary axis in the frontal plane.

tilt table
a plinth, equipped with a footboard for support, to which a patient can be strapped for rotation to a nearly upright position; used in cases of spinal cord injury and other neurological disorders to enhance blood circulation to the lower limbs, improve posture, and aid in muscle training and sense of balance.

tilt table test
tilt test measurement of various bodily responses while the patient is tilted to different angles on a tilt table, usually head up, such as monitoring of circulatory, cardiac, and neurologic responses.

tilting-disk valve
a type of prosthetic heart valve consisting of a sewing ring and a valve housing containing a suspended disk that swings between closed and open positions.

tiludronate
(ti-loo´drә-nāt) an inhibitor of bone resorption, administered orally as the disodium salt in treatment of Paget disease of bone.

timbre
(tam´bәr) the musical quality of a tone or sound. timbre métallique a high-pitched tympanic second sound heard in dilatation of the aorta. When heard in persons under 55 years old, it has been considered suggestive of syphilitic aortitis. Called also Potain sign and bruit d...

time
(tīm) a measure of duration. See under adjectives for specific times, such as bleeding time.

time agnosia
loss of comprehension of the succession and duration of events.

Timolide
(ti´mo-līd) trademark for a preparation of timolol maleate and hydrochlorothiazide, an antihypertensive agent.

timolol
(ti´mo-lol) a beta-adrenergic blocking agent; the maleate salt or the hemihydrate is used topically to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma and ocular hypertension, and the maleate salt is used orally to reduce the long-term risk of mortality and reinfarction after the acute phase of a myocardial infarction, as an ant...

Timoptic
(ti-mop´tik) trademark for a preparation of timolol maleate, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent used in treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

tin
(Sn) (tin) a chemical element, atomic number 50, atomic weight 118.69.

tinct.
tincture.

tinctorial
(tink-tor´e-әl) pertaining to dyeing or staining.

tincture
(tink´chәr) an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution prepared from vegetable drugs or chemical substances. compound benzoin tincture a mixture of benzoin and several other ingredients in alcohol, used as a topical skin protectant. iodine tincture a pre...

tine test
(tīn) an intracutaneous tuberculin test using a multiple-puncture, disposable device. It is useful in mass screening of children, but is less accurate than the Mantoux test. Any doubtful reaction to the tine test should be rechecked by a Mantoux test before a follow-up chest x-ray is recommended. The test is read 4...

tinea
(tin´e-ә) ringworm; any of numerous different fungal infections of the skin; most types are named for the part of the body affected. See further discussion at ringworm.

tinea barbae
(tin´e-ә bahr´be) ringworm of the beard, seen on bearded parts of the face and neck; caused by Trichophyton.

tinea capitis
(tin´e-ә kap´ĭ-tis) ringworm of the scalp, caused by various species of Microsporum and Trichophyton. Generally it is characterized by one or more small, round, elevated patches, scaling of the scalp, and dry and brittle hair.

tinea corporis
(tin´e-ә kor´pә-ris) ringworm of the body, usually of glabrous (smooth) skin, caused by species of Microsporum or Trichophyton.

tinea cruris
(tin´e-ә kroo´ris) ringworm of the groin area, starting in the perineal folds and extending onto the inner surface of the thighs, seen more often in males than in females; it is caused by Epidermophyton floccosum or species of Trichophyton. Called also eczema marginatum and jock itch.

tinea faciei
(tin´e-ә fa´she-i) ringworm of the face, seen on non-hairy areas of the face, often with a similar presentation to that of tinea corporis.

tinea imbricata
(tin´e-ә im″brĭ-ka´tә) a distinctive type of tinea corporis occurring in tropical countries and caused by Trichophyton concentricum. The early lesion is circular with a ring of scales, and new, larger scaling rings form later.

tinea manus
(tin´e-ә man´әs) tinea manuum (tin´e-ә man´u-әm) ringworm of the hand, usually between the fingers or on the palm; it almost always accompanies tinea pedis (athlete's foot) and has the same etiologic agent.

tinea pedis
(tin´e-ә pe´dis) athlete's foot.

tinea profunda
(tin´e-ә pro-fun´dә) trichophytic granuloma.

tinea sycosis
(tin´e-ә si-ko´sis) an inflammatory, deep type of tinea barbae, due to Trichophyton violaceum or T. rubrum.

tinea unguium
(tin´e-ә ung´gwe-әm) tinea of the nails, starting with white patches or pits on the nail surface or around the margins and sometimes spreading beneath the nail plate.

tinea versicolor
(tin´e-ә vur″sĭ-ko´lәr) a chronic, usually asymptomatic disorder due to Malassezia furfur, marked only by multiple macular patches. Called also pityriasis versicolor.

Tinel sign
(te-nel´) a tingling sensation in the distal end of a limb when percussion is made over the site of a divided nerve; it indicates a partial lesion or the beginning regeneration of the nerve.

tingible
(tin´jĭ-bәl) stainable.

tinnitus
(tin´ĭ-tәs) (tĭ-ni´tәs) a noise in the ears, such as ringing, buzzing, or roaring, usually psychogenic but sometimes capable of being heard by others than the patient. Common causes include presbycusis, prolonged exposure to loud environmental noise, and such pathological conditions as i...