Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

thromboembolic syndrome
the association between the formation of thrombi in the deep veins of the leg and pulmonary embolism.

thromboembolism
(throm″bo-em´bo-liz-әm) obstruction of a blood vessel with thrombotic material carried by the blood from the site of origin to plug another vessel.

thromboendarterectomy
(throm″bo-end″ahr-tәr-ek´tә-me) excision of an obstructing thrombus together with a portion of the inner lining of the obstructed artery.

thromboendarteritis
(throm″bo-end-ahr″tәr-i´tis) inflammation of the innermost coat of an artery, with thrombus formation.

thromboendocarditis
(throm″bo-en″do-kahr-di´tis) nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis.

thrombogenesis
(throm″bo-jen´ә-sis) clot formation. adj., thrombogen´ic., adj.

thromboid
(throm´boid) resembling a thrombus.

thrombokinase
(throm″bo-ki´nās) the activated form of factor X.

thrombokinetics
(throm″bo-kĭ-net´iks) the dynamics of blood coagulation.

thrombolymphangitis
(throm″bo-lim″fan-ji´tis) inflammation of a lymph vessel due to a thrombus.

thrombolysis
(throm-bol´ĭ-sis) dissolution of a thrombus.

thrombolytic
(throm″bo-lit´ik) dissolving or splitting up a thrombus. an agent such as streptokinase or urokinase that dissolves or splits up a thrombus. See also anticoagulant and antithrombotic.

thrombolytic therapy
fibrinolytic therapy.

thrombon
(throm´bon) the portion of the hematopoietic system concerned with platelet formation; the circulating platelets and their precursors.

thrombopathy
(throm-bop´ә-the) thrombocytopathy.

thrombopenia
(throm″bo-pe´ne-ә) thrombocytopenia.

thrombophilia
(throm″bo-fil´e-ә) a tendency toward thrombosis.

thrombophlebitis
(throm″bo-flә-bi´tis) inflammation of a vein (phlebitis) associated with formation of a thrombus (thrombosis). thrombophlebitis migrans a recurrent condition involving different vessels simultaneously or at intervals. postpartum iliofemoral thrombophlebitis ...

thromboplastic
(throm″bo-plas´tik) causing or accelerating clot formation in the blood.

thromboplastid
(throm″bo-plas´tid) a blood platelet.

thromboplastin
(throm″bo-plas´tin) tissue thromboplastin. tissue thromboplastin factor III.

thromboplastin generation test
a test formerly used in the detection of defects in formation of prothrombinase and hence deficiencies of the factors involved.

thrombopoiesis
(throm″bo-poi-e´sis) thrombogenesis. thrombocytopoiesis. adj., thrombopoiet´ic., adj.

thrombopoietin
(throm″bo-poi´ә-tin) a colony-stimulating factor that is the humoral regulator of the production of platelets.

thrombosis
(throm-bo´sis) formation, development, or presence of a thrombus; it can happen whenever the flow of blood in arteries or veins is interfered with. Many factors can cause this; heart failure or physical inactivity may retard circulation generally; a change in the shape or inner surface of a vessel wall may impede ...

thrombostasis
(throm-bos´tә-sis) stasis of blood in a part with formation of thrombus.

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
a form of thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, bizarre neurological manifestations, uremia (azotemia), fever, and thromboses in terminal arterioles and capillaries; some authorities consider it identical to the hemolytic uremic syndrome. Called also microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and Mosc...

thromboxane
(throm-bok´sān) an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid, formed from prostaglandin endoperoxides, and released from suitably stimulated platelets; the unstable form, thromboxane A2, is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and constrictor of arterial smooth muscle.

thrombus
(throm´bәs) a stationary blood clot along the wall of a blood vessel, frequently causing vascular obstruction. Some authorities differentiate thrombus formation from simple coagulation or clot formation. See also embolus. mural thrombus one attached to the wall of the heart ad...

thrush
(thrush) infection of the mucous membranes inside the mouth by the fungus Candida albicans, with white patches on a red, moist inflamed surface. This may be anywhere in the mouth, including on the tongue, but the most common location is the inside of the cheeks. Occasionally it is accompanied by pain and fever. Called a...

thrypsis
(thrip´sis) a comminuted fracture.

Thudichum test
(for creatinine) add to the suspected substance a dilute solution of ferric chloride; a dark red color indicates the presence of creatinine.

thuja
(thu´jә) the fresh tops of Thuja occidentalis (arbor vitae); used in some topical dermatologic preparations and also in homeopathy.

thulium
(Tm) (thoo´le-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 69, atomic weight 168.934.

thumb
(thum) the radial or first digit of the hand; it has only two phalanges and is apposable to the four fingers of the hand. tennis thumb tendinitis of the tendon of the long flexor muscle of the thumb, with calcification.

thumb forceps
a forceps with serrated blades and with or without teeth.

thumb sign
the thumblike appearance of the swollen epiglottis on a lateral radiograph of the neck in epiglottitis. in Marfan syndrome, the entire nail of the thumb projects beyond the ulnar border of the hand when the thumb is crossed over the palm without assistance. Cf. wrist sign.

thumbnail test
(for fractured patella) the examiner's thumbnail is passed over the subcutaneous surface of the patella; a fracture will be felt as a sharp crevice.

thumbprint sign
thumb sign (def. 1).

thumbprinting
(thum´print″ing) a radiographic sign appearing as smooth indentations on the barium-filled colon, as though made by depression with the thumb; seen in various disorders of the colon, especially ischemic colitis.

thyme oil
the volatile oil from fresh, flowering Thymus vulgaris; used as a flavoring agent for drugs, and as an antitussive and expectorant.

thymectomize
(thi-mek´tә-mīz) to excise the thymus.

thymectomy
(thi-mek´tә-me) excision of the thymus.

thymic
(thi´mik) pertaining to the thymus.

thymic abscess
Dubois abscess.

thymic dysplasia
any of a group of hereditary disorders, some transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and others as an X-linked recessive trait, characterized by faulty development of the thymus, which may be associated with (a) normal serum immunoglobulin levels and impaired cell-mediated immunity (Nezelof syndrome), (b) Swiss type agammag...

thymic veins
small branches from the thymus gland that open into the left brachiocephalic vein.

thymicolymphatic
(thi″mĭ-ko-lim-fat´ik) pertaining to the thymus and lymphatic nodes.

thymidine
(thi´mĭ-dēn) a nucleoside of DNA.

thymidine kinase
(thi´mĭ-dēn ki´nās) an enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes a phosphorylation reaction of pyrimidine salvage as well as phosphorylation of drugs such as acyclovir and ganciclovir into a form that will be active against viruses.

thymin
(thi´min) former name for thymopoietin.

thymine
(thi´mēn) a pyrimidine base found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

thymitis
(thi-mi´tis) inflammation of the thymus.

thymocyte
(thi´mo-sīt) a lymphocyte arising in the thymus.

thymokinetic
(thi″mo-ki-net´ik) tending to stimulate the thymus.

thymoleptic
(thi″mo-lep´tik) any drug that favorably modifies mood in serious mood disorders such as depression or mania; the main categories include tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and lithium compounds.

thymoma
(thi-mo´mә) a tumor derived from the epithelial or lymphoid elements of the thymus.

thymopathy
(thi-mop´ә-the) any disease of the thymus.

thymopoietin
(thi″mo-poi´ĕ-tin) a polypeptide hormone secreted by the thymus; it induces the proliferation of lymphocyte precursors and their differentiation into T-lymphocytes.

thymoprivic
(thi″mo-priv´ik) thymoprivous.

thymoprivous
(thi-mop´rĭ-vәs) pertaining to or resulting from removal of the thymus.

thymosin
(thi´mo-sin) a humoral factor secreted by the thymus; it promotes the maturation of T-lymphocytes.

thymus
(thi´mәs) an endocrine gland lying in the upper mediastinum beneath the sternum; it reaches its maximum development during puberty and continues to play an immunologic role throughout life, even though its function declines with age. Around the time a baby is born, the reticular structure of his or her thymus entr...

thymus gland
thymus.

thyroadenitis
(thi″ro-ad″ә-ni´tis) thyroiditis.

thyroaplasia
(thi″ro-ә-pla´zhә) defective development of the thyroid gland with hypothyroidism.

thyroarytenoid
(thi″ro-ar″ĭ-te´noid) pertaining to the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages.

thyroarytenoid muscle
one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx; origin, lamina of thyroid cartilage; insertion, muscular process of arytenoid cartilage; innervation, recurrent laryngeal nerve; action, relaxes, shortens vocal folds.

thyrocalcitonin
(thi″ro-kal″sĭ-to´nin) calcitonin.

thyrocardiac
(thi″ro-kahr´de-ak) pertaining to the thyroid gland and heart.

thyrocardiac disease
thyrotoxic heart disease.

thyrocervical trunk
a blood vessel arising from the subclavian artery; giving rise to the inferior thyroid, transverse cervical, and suprascapular arteries; and supplying the thyroid, neck, and scapular regions.

thyrochondrotomy
(thi″ro-kon-drot´ә-me) median laryngotomy.

thyrocricotomy
(thi″ro-kri-kot´ә-me) incision of the cricothyroid membrane, the lower part of the fibroelastic membrane of the larynx.

thyroepiglottic
(thi″ro-ep″ĭ-glot´ik) pertaining to the thyroid gland and epiglottis.

thyroepiglottic muscle
the thyroepiglottic part of the thyroarytenoid muscle: fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle that continue to the margin of the epiglottis, closing the inlet to the larynx.

thyrogenic
(thi″ro-jen´ik) thyrogenous.

thyrogenous
(thi-roj´ә-nәs) originating in the thyroid gland.

thyroglobulin
(thi-ro-glob´u-lin) an iodine-containing glycoprotein of high molecular weight found in the colloid of the follicles of the thyroid gland; its iodinated tyrosine moieties form the active hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine.

thyroglossal
(thi″ro-glos´әl) pertaining to the thyroid gland and tongue.

thyroglossal duct
thyrolingual duct an embryonic duct extending between the precursor to the thyroid and the back part of the tongue.

thyrohyal
(thi″ro-hi´әl) pertaining to the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone.

thyrohyoid
(thi″ro-hi´oid) pertaining to the thyroid gland or cartilage and the hyoid bone.

thyrohyoid muscle
origin, lamina of thyroid cartilage; insertion, greater horn of hyoid bone; innervation, first cervical nerve; action, raises and changes form of larynx.

thyroid
(thi´roid) scutiform. pertaining to the thyroid gland. the thyroid gland. a preparation of thyroid gland from domesticated food animals, containing levothyroxine and liothyronine and used as replacement therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism and the prevention and tr...

thyroid cartilage
the shield-shaped cartilage of the larynx, underlying the laryngeal prominence on the surface of the neck.

thyroid crisis
a sudden and dangerous increase of the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, seen in patients with severe hyperthyroidism or in the period immediately following a thyroidectomy; the postoperative complication was formerly common but is now rare. A thyroid crisis can be fatal if not brought under control; many body processes are accelerat...

thyroid follicles
discrete cystlike units filled with a colloid substance rich in iodine; they constitute the lobules of the thyroid gland.

thyroid foramen
an opening in the thyroid cartilage that is sometimes present, due to incomplete union of the fourth and fifth branchial cartilages. obturator foramen.

thyroid function test
a test of the functioning of the thyroid gland, such as its proper production of thyroid hormones. See radioiodine uptake test, thyroid-stimulating hormone test, thyrotropin-releasing hormone test, and triiodothyronine resin uptake test.

thyroid hormones
iodine-containing hormones secreted by the thyroid gland, referring primarily to thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine or T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The serum level of T4 is normally 45 to 50 times the level of T3. However, T3 is several times more active than T4, and most T3 is produced by metabolism of T4 in peripheral tissues. Thyroid...

thyroid insufficiency
hypothyroidism.

thyroid isthmus
the band of tissue joining the lobes of the thyroid gland.

thyroid replacement therapy
treatment of hypothyroidism by administration of thyroxine, usually in the form of levothyroxine sodium. Called also thyrotherapy.

thyroid suppression test
a thyroid function test; after administration of liothyronine for several days, radioactive iodine uptake is decreased in normal persons but not in those with hyperthyroidism.

thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH) thyrotropin.

thyroid-stimulating hormone assay
thyroid-stimulating hormone test.

thyroid-stimulating hormone test
a thyroid function test in which thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is administered intramuscularly and the thyroid gland is monitored over time with scintiscanning or radioimmunoassays for a response or areas of decreased responsiveness. Called also TSH test and TSH stimulation test.

thyroidea ima artery
origin, arch of aorta, brachiocephalic trunk, or right common carotid, internal mammary, subclavian, or inferior thyroid arteries; branches, none; distribution, thyroid gland.

thyroidectomize
(thi″roid-ek´tә-mīz) to subject to thyroidectomy.