Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

tetrachloroethane poisoning
a form of poisoning in munition workers caused by inhalation of fumes of tetrachloroethane, and marked by toxic jaundice, headache, anorexia, and gastrointestinal disturbance.

tetrachloroethylene
(tet″rә-klor″o-eth´ә-lēn) a moderately toxic chlorinated hydrocarbon formerly widely used as an anthelmintic but now used only as a dry cleaning solvent and for other industrial uses.

tetracrotic
(tet″rә-krot´ik) having four sphygmographic waves or elevations to one beat of the pulse.

tetracycline
(tet″rә-si´klēn) any of a group of related broad-spectrum antibiotics; some are isolated from certain species of Streptomyces and others are produced semisynthetically. The group includes chlortetracycline, demeclocycline, doxycycline, minocycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline (def. 2). Tetracyclines are...

tetrad
(tet´rad) a group of four similar or related entities, such as (1) any element or radical having a valence, or combining power, of four; or (2) a group of four chromosomal elements formed in the pachytene stage of the first meiotic prophase.

tetradactyly
(tet″rә-dak´tә-le) the presence of four digits on the hand or foot.

tetragonum
(tet″rә-go´nәm) Latin word meaning four-sided figure (quadrilateral, def. 2). tetragonum lumbale the four-sided area bounded by the four lumbar muscles.

tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC) (tet″rә-hi″dro-kә-nab´ĭ-nol) the active principle of cannabis (see marijuana and hashish); it occurs in two isomeric forms, both having euphoric effects on the brain.

tetrahydrozoline
(tet″rah-hi-droz´o-lēn) an adrenergic vasoconstrictor applied topically to the nasal mucosa or conjunctiva as a decongestant.

tetraiodothyronine
(tet″rә-i″o-do-thi´ro-nēn) thyroxine.

tetralogy
(tĕ-tral´ә-je) a group or series of four. tetralogy of Fallot a congenital heart defect consisting of four structural anomalies: obstruction to pulmonary flow; ventricular septal defect (abnormal opening between the right and left ventricles); dextroposition of the aorta (aorti...

tetrameric
(tet″rә-mer´ik) having four parts.

tetranopsia
(tet″rә-nop´se-ә) quadrantanopia.

Tetranychus
(tet-ran´ĭ-kәs) a genus of mites. T. molestis´simus and T. tela´rius are both called spider mite and attack humans.

tetraodon poisoning
tetrodotoxism (def. 1).

tetraparesis
(tet″rә-pә-re´sis) muscular weakness affecting all four extremities.

tetrapeptide
(tet″rә-pep´tīd) a peptide that on hydrolysis yields four amino acids.

tetraplegia
(tet″rә-ple´jә) quadriplegia.

tetraploid
(tet´rә-ploid″) pertaining to or characterized by tetraploidy. an individual or cell having four sets of chromosomes.

tetraploidy
(tet´rә-ploi″de) the state of having four sets of chromosomes (4n).

tetrapus
(tet´rә-pәs) a malformed fetus with four feet.

tetrascelus
(tĕ-tras´ә-lәs) a malformed fetus with four lower limbs.

tetrasomy
(tet´rә-so″me) the presence of two extra chromosomes of one type in an otherwise diploid cell. adj., tetraso´mic., adj.

tetravalent
(tet″rә-va´lәnt) having a valence of four.

tetrodotoxin
(tet´ro-do-tok″sin) a highly lethal neurotoxin present in numerous species of puffer fish and in newts of the genus Taricha (in the latter it is called tarichatoxin); ingestion results in tetrodotoxism.

tetrodotoxism
(tet″ro-do-tok´siz-әm) the most severe form of fish poisoning, caused by ingestion of inadequately prepared fish that contain tetrodotoxin. After eating such fish, within minutes there are symptoms of malaise, dizziness, and tingling about the mouth, which may be followed by ataxia, convulsions, respiratory ...

Texas catheter
trademark for a commercially made condom catheter.

textiform
(teks´tĭ-form) formed like a network.

textoblastic
(teks″to-blas´tik) forming adult tissue; regenerative; said of cells.

texture
(teks´chәr) the structure or constitution of tissues. adj., tex´tural., adj.

TF
transfer factor.

Th
thorium.

Thai hemorrhagic fever
hemorrhagic dengue.

thalamencephalon
(thal″ә-mәn-sef´ә-lon) that part of the diencephalon including the thalamus, metathalamus, and epithalamus.

thalamic radiations
fibers streaming out through the lateral surface of the thalamus, through the internal capsule to the cerebral cortex.

thalamic syndrome
thalamic pain syndrome a syndrome caused by a lesion in the thalamus and characterized by contralateral hemianesthesia; some later develop persistent severe pain and choreoathetoid movements on the affected side, mild hemiataxia, and astereognosis. Called also Dejerine-Roussy syndrome and thalamic hyperesthetic anesthesia.

thalamocortical
(thal″ә-mo-kor´tĭ-kәl) pertaining to the thalamus and cerebral cortex.

thalamogeniculate artery
origin, posterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, caudal thalamus.

thalamolenticular
(thal″ә-mo-lәn-tik´u-lәr) pertaining to the thalamus and lenticular nucleus.

thalamoperforating artery
origin, posterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, penetrates posterior perforating substance to supply the thalamus and midbrain.

thalamotomy
(thal″ә-mot´ә-me) a stereotaxic surgical technique for the discrete destruction of specific groups of cells within the thalamus, as to relieve pain, to alleviate tremor and rigidity in Parkinson disease, or to relieve certain anxiety states, psychoses, and obsessive-compulsive states.

thalamotuberal artery
origin,posterior communicating artery; branches, none; distribution, premammillary area.

thalamus
(thal´ә-mәs) either of two large round structures, the dorsal thalamus or simply thalamus and the subthalamus or ventral thalamus. It is composed of gray matter and located at the base of the cerebrum. It functions as a relay station in which sensory pathways from the spinal cord and brainstem form synapses on the...

thalassemia
(thal″ә-se´me-ә) a heterogeneous group of hereditary hemolytic anemias marked by a decreased rate of synthesis of one or more hemoglobin polypeptide chains, classified according to the chain involved (α, β, δ); the two major categories are α- and β-thalassemia.

thalassemia major
(thal″ә-se´me-ә ma´jәr) the homozygous form of β-thalassemia, in which hemoglobin A is completely absent; it appears in the newborn period and is marked by hemolytic, hypochromic, microcytic anemia; enlargement of the liver and spleen; skeletal deformities; mongoloid facies; and enlargement ...

thalassemia minor
(thal″ә-se´me-ә mi´nәr) the heterozygous form of β-thalassemia; it is usually asymptomatic, but there may be mild anemia.

thalidomide
(thә-lid´o-mīd) a sedative and hypnotic that was commonly used in Europe in the late 1950s and 1960s. Its use was halted because use during early pregnancy was often followed by the birth of infants with serious developmental anomalies, notably malformation or absence of a limb or limbs. It is still used in t...

thalleioquin test
(for quinine) a neutralized solution of the suspected liquid is treated with chlorine, or bromine water, and then with an excess of ammonia; a green substance, thalleioquin, will be formed.

thallium
(Tl) (thal´e-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 81, atomic weight 204.37. Its salts are active poisons that may cause alopecia, liver and kidney damage, blindness, and neurologic and psychic symptoms such as ataxia, restlessness, delirium, hallucinations, delusions, and semicoma.&nb...

thallium scan
a scintiscan involving the use of thallium 201. The radioisotope is administered intravenously and localizes, like calcium, in the myocardium. A scintillation camera produces an image of the distribution of the radioisotope. Areas of inadequate perfusion appear as “cold spots,” thus pinpointing the site of occlusions of t...

thallium scanning
production of a scintillation scan involving the use of thallium 201; see also thallium scan.

thallium stress test
(for coronary artery disease) stress is placed on the cardiovascular system by exercising the patient on a treadmill or bicycle ergometer. Thallous chloride Tl-201 is injected intravenously when stress is maximal, just prior to exercise cessation. Immediate (stress) and delayed (redistribution) images are obtained with a ...

thallous chloride Tl 201
(thal´us) the form in which thallium-201 in solution is injected intravenously for imaging of myocardial disease, parathyroid disorder, or neoplastic disease.

thallus
(thal´әs) a simple plant body not differentiated into root, stem, and leaf, characteristic of mycelial fungi and some algae. the actively growing vegetative organism as distinguished from reproductive or resting portions, as in fungi.

thanatobiologic
(than″ә-to-bi″ә-loj´ik) pertaining to life and death.

thanatognomonic
(than″ә-to-no-mon´ik) indicating the approach of death.

thanatoid
(than´ә-toid) resembling death.

thanatology
(than″ә-tol´ә-je) the medicolegal study of death and conditions affecting dead bodies.

thanatophobia
(than″ә-to-fo´be-ә) irrational fear of death.

thanatophoric dwarf
a micromelic dwarf having very short ribs and bones of the limbs, and vertebral bodies that are greatly reduced in height with wide intervertebral spaces; death usually occurs during the first few hours after birth. See also under dysplasia.

thanatophoric dysplasia
a uniformly fatal type of skeletal dysplasia presenting as extreme shortening of limbs, thoracic cage deformity, and relative cephalomegaly. See also thanatophoric dwarf.

Thaysen disease
(ti´sen) celiac disease.

THC
tetrahydrocannabinol.

thebaine
(the-ba´in) a crystalline, poisonous, and anodyne alkaloid from opium, having properties similar to those of strychnine.

thebesian foramina
minute openings in the walls of the right atrium through which the smallest cardiac veins (thebesian veins) empty into the heart.

thebesian veins
smallest cardiac veins.

theca
(the´kә) Latin word meaning a case or sheath; a term used in anatomy. adj., the´cal., adj. theca cordis pericardium. theca folliculi an envelope of condensed connective tissue surrounding a vesicular ovarian follicle; it is composed of an int...

theca cell tumor
a fibroidlike tumor of the ovary containing yellow areas of fatty material derived from theca cells.

theca cells
theca-lutein cells lutein cells derived from the theca interna.

theca-lutein cyst
a cyst of the ovary in which the cystic cavity is lined with theca cells.

thecal abscess
one in the sheath of a tendon.

thecoma
(the-ko´mә) theca cell tumor.

thecostegnosis
(the″ko-stәg-no´sis) contraction of a tendon sheath.

Theimich lip sign
a protrusion or pouting of the lips elicited by tapping the orbicularis oris muscle.

thelalgia
(the-lal´jә) pain in the nipples.

thelarche
(the-lahr´ke) beginning of development of the breast at puberty.

theleplasty
(the´le-plas″te) a plastic operation on the nipple.

thelerethism
(thә-ler´ә-thiz″әm) erection of the nipple.

thelitis
(the-li´tis) inflammation of a nipple.

thelorrhagia
(the″lo-ra´jә) hemorrhage from the nipple.

thelygenic
(thel″ә-jen´ik) producing only female offspring.

Thematic Apperception Test
(TAT) a projective test in which the subject tells a story based on each of a series of standard ambiguous pictures; his or her responses reflect a projection of some aspect of the personality and current psychological preoccupations and conflicts.

thenad
(the´nad) toward the thenar or toward the palm.

thenar
(the´nәr) the fleshy part of the hand at the base of the thumb. pertaining to the palm.

thenar muscles
the abductor and flexor muscles of the thumb.

thenar space
the palmar space lying between the middle metacarpal bone and the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus.

Theo-Dur
(the´o-dur) trademark for a preparation of theophylline, a bronchodilator.

theobromine
(the″o-bro´min) an alkaloid prepared from dried ripe seed of the tropical American tree Theobroma cacao, or made synthetically from xanthine; used as a diuretic, myocardial stimulant, vasodilator, and smooth muscle relaxant; available as theobromine calcium salicylate, theobromine sodium formate, theobromine sodiu...

theophylline
(the-of´ә-lin) an alkaloid derived from tea or produced synthetically; it is a smooth muscle relaxant used chiefly for its bronchodilator effect in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and bronchospastic distress. It also has myocardial stimulant,...

theory
(the´ә-re) (thēr´e) the doctrine or the principles underlying an art as distinguished from the practice of that particular art. a formulated hypothesis or, loosely speaking, any hypothesis or opinion not based upon actual knowledge.

therapeutic
(ther″ә-pu´tik) pertaining to therapy. curative; effective.

therapeutic abortion
abortion induced legally by a qualified physician to safeguard the health of the mother.

therapeutic electrode
one smaller than an indifferent electrode, producing electrical stimulation in a concentrated area; called also active electrode.

therapeutic exercise
the scientific use of bodily movement to restore normal function in diseased or injured parts or to maintain a state of well-being. A therapeutic exercise program is evaluated periodically and modified according to the patient's progress. Therapeutic exercises include those that (1) increase or maintain mobility of joints...

therapeutic fever
pyretotherapy (def. 1).

therapeutic index
originally, the ratio of the maximum tolerated dose to the minimum curative dose; now defined as the ratio of the median lethal dose (LD50) to the median effective dose (ED50). It is used in assessing the safety of a drug.

therapist
(ther´ә-pist) a health care professional skilled in the corrective treatment of disease or other disorders. In several allied health fields, therapist is the highest professional rank.

therapy
(ther´ә-pe) treatment.

thermal
(thur´mәl) pertaining to heat.

thermal capacity
heat capacity.