Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

synchiria
(sin-ki´re-ә) dyschiria in which a stimulus applied to one side of the body is felt on both sides.

synchondrosis
(sin″kon-dro´sis) a type of cartilaginous joint in which the cartilage is usually converted into bone before adult life.

synchondrotomy
(sin″kon-drot´ә-me) division of a synchondrosis, as in symphysiotomy.

synchronism
(sing´krә-niz-әm) synchrony.

synchronous pacemaker
an implanted pacemaker that synchronizes the physiological events in the atrium with those of the ventricle; it stimulates the ventricle when triggered by the P wave from the atrium.

synchrony
(sing´krә-ne) the simultaneous occurrence of two events. the linkage of two events by a fixed time interval. adj., synchron´ic, syn´chronous., adj. atrioventricular synchrony , AV synchrony in the heart, the physiological condition of atrial e...

synchysis
(sin´kĭ-sis) a softening or fluid condition of the vitreous body of the eye. synchysis scintillans floating cholesterol crystals in the vitreous, developing as a secondary degenerative change.

synclitism
(sin´klit-iz-әm) parallelism between the planes of the fetal head and those of the maternal pelvis. adj., synclit´ic., adj.

synclonus
(sin´klo-nәs) muscular tremor or successive clonic contraction of various muscles together.

syncope
(sing´kә-pe) faint. adj. syn´copal, syncop´ic., adj.

syncytial cell
a cell whose cytoplasm is confluent with that of an adjacent cell.

syncytioma
(sin-sit″e-o´mә) syncytial endometritis.

syncytiotrophoblast
(sin-sit″e-o-tro´fo-blast) the outer syncytial layer of the trophoblast.

syncytiotrophoblastic cells
large, multinucleate cells resembling the syncytiotrophoblast, having hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant eosinophilic, sometimes vacuolated, cytoplasm; one of the cell types that compose a choriocarcinoma. Cf. cytotrophoblastic cells.

syncytium
(sin-sish´e-әm) a multinucleate mass of protoplasm produced by the merging of cells. adj., syncyt´ial., adj.

syndactyly
(sin-dak´tә-le) the most common congenital anomaly of the hand, probably an inherited condition, marked by persistence of webbing between digits (webbed fingers or toes), so that they are more or less completely attached.

syndectomy
(sin-dek´tә-me) peritectomy.

syndermatotic cataract
an inherited, usually bilateral opacity associated with cutaneous disease and occurring in youth; called also dermatogenic cataract.

syndesis
(sin´dә-sis) (sin-de´sis) arthrodesis. synapsis.

syndesmectomy
(sin″dәz-mek´tә-me) excision or resection of a ligament.

syndesmitis
(sin″dez-mi´tis) inflammation of a ligament. conjunctivitis.

syndesmography
(sin″dәz-mog´rә-fe) a description of the ligaments.

syndesmology
(sin″dәz-mol´ә-je) scientific study of the ligaments and joints.

syndesmoplasty
(sin-dez´mo-plas″te) plastic repair of a ligament.

syndesmosis
(sin″dәz-mo´sis) a joint in which the bones are united by fibrous connective tissue forming an interosseous membrane or ligament.

syndesmotomy
(sin″dәz-mot´ә-me) incision of a ligament.

syndrome
(sin´drōm) a combination of symptoms that either result from a single cause or occur together so commonly that they constitute a distinct clinical picture. See also disease and sickness. syndrome of crocodile tears spontaneous lacrimation occurring parallel with the normal sali...

syndrome of corpus striatum
Vogt syndrome.

syndromic
(sin-drom´ik) occurring as a syndrome.

syndromology
(sin″drom-ol´ә-je) the field concerned with the taxonomy, etiology, and patterns of congenital malformations.

synechia
(sĭ-nek´e-ә) adhesion, as of the iris to the cornea or the lens.

synechia vulvae
(sĭ-nek´e-ә vul´ve) a congenital condition in which the labia minora are sealed in the midline, with only a small opening below the clitoris through which urination and menstruation may occur.

synechotomy
(sin″ә-kot´ә-me) incision of a synechia.

syneresis
(sĭ-ner´ә-sis) a drawing together of the particles of the disperse phase of a gel, with separation of some of the disperse medium and shrinkage of the gel, such as occurs in the clotting of blood.

synergic muscles
synergistic muscles.

synergism
(sin´әr-jizm) synergy.

synergist
(sin´әr-jist) an agent that acts with or enhances the action of another.

synergistic muscles
those that assist one another in action.

synergy
(sin´әr-je) correlated action or cooperation by two or more structures or drugs. in neurology, the faculty by which movements are properly grouped for the performance of acts requiring special adjustments. adj., synerget´ic, syner´gic, synergis´tic., adj.

synesthesia
(sin″es-the´zhә) a secondary sensation accompanying an actual perception; the experiencing of a sensation in one place, due to stimulation applied to another place; also, the condition in which a stimulus of one sense is perceived as sensation of a different sense, as when a sound produces a sensation ...

synesthesialgia
(sin″es-the″ze-al´jә) a condition in which a stimulus produces pain on the affected side but no sensation on the normal side of the body.

syngamy
(sing´gә-me) sexual reproduction. the union of two gametes in fertilization to form a zygote.

syngeneic
(sin″jә-ne´ik) in transplantation biology, denoting individuals or tissues having identical genotypes, i.e., identical twins or animals of the same inbred strain, or their tissues. Called also isogeneic and isologous.

syngeneic graft
syngraft.

syngeneic transplantation
living related donor transplantation in which the organ or tissue is a syngraft; called also isotransplantation.

syngenesis
(sin-jen´ә-sis) the origin of an individual from a germ derived from both parents, as occurs in nearly all higher animals, and not from just one alone. the state of having descended from a common ancestor.

syngraft
(sin´graft) a graft between genetically identical individuals, such as identical twins or animals of a single highly inbred strain. Called also isogeneic graft, syngeneic graft, and isograft.

synkaryon
(sin-kar´e-on) a nucleus formed by fusion of two pronuclei, the fertilization nucleus.

synkinesis
(sin″ki-ne´sis) an associated movement; an unintentional movement accompanying a volitional movement. adj., synkinet´ic., adj.

synnecrosis
(sin″ә-kro´sis) symbiosis in which the relationship between populations (or individuals) is mutually detrimental.

synophthalmus
(sin″of-thal´mәs) cyclops.

synorchidism
(sin-or´kĭ-diz-әm) synorchism. congenital fusion of the testes into one mass.

synorchism
(sin´or-kiz-әm) synorchidism.

synoscheos
(sin-os´ke-os) adhesion between the penis and scrotum.

synosteotomy
(sin″os-te-ot´ә-me) dissection of the joints.

synostosis
(sin″os-to´sis) normal or abnormal union of two bones by osseous material. adj., synostot´ic., adj.

synotia
(sĭ-no´she-ә) a developmental anomaly consisting of fusion of the ears, or their location near the midventral line in the upper part of the neck.

synotus
(sĭ-no´tәs) a fetus exhibiting synotia.

synovectomy
(sin″o-vek´tә-me) excision of a synovial membrane, as of that lining the capsule of the knee joint, sometimes done in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. radiation synovectomy synoviorthesis.

synovia
(sĭ-no´ve-ә) synovial fluid.

synovial
(sĭ-no´ve-әl) pertaining to a synovium (synovial membrane). pertaining to or secreting synovia (synovial fluid).

synovial bursa
a closed synovial sac interposed between surfaces that glide upon each other; it may be subcutaneous, submuscular, subfascial, or subtendinous in location.

synovial cells
fibroblasts found between the cartilaginous fibers in the synovial membrane of a joint.

synovial fluid
the thick, transparent fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities, bursae, and tendon sheaths. Analysis of it can reveal any of various joint diseases; these include noninflammatory diseases such as traumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis; inflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, and r...

synovial fold
an extension of the synovial membrane from its free inner surface into the joint cavity.

synovial hernia
protrusion of the inner lining membrane through the fibrous membrane of an articular capsule; called also Birkett hernia.

synovial joint
a specialized joint that permits more or less free movement, the union of the bony elements being surrounded by an articular capsule enclosing a cavity lined by synovial membrane. Called also articulation and diarthrosis. Strong fibrous bands or cords (ligaments) give strength and security to synovial joints. The majority of the body...

synovial ligament
a large synovial fold.

synovial membrane
the inner of the two layers of the articular capsule of a synovial joint; composed of loose connective tissue and having a free smooth surface that lines the joint cavity.

synovial sheath
synovial membrane lining the cavity of a bone through which a tendon moves.

synovialis
(sĭ-no″ve-a´lis) synovial.

synovialoma
(sĭ-no″ve-ә-lo´mә) synovioma.

synoviocyte
(sĭ-no´ve-o-sīt) a cell of the synovial membrane.

synovioma
(sĭ-no″ve-o´mә) a tumor of synovial membrane origin; called also synovialoma.

synoviorthesis
(sĭ-no″ve-or-the´sis) irradiation of a synovial membrane by intra-articular injection of radiocolloids to destroy inflamed tissue.

synovitis
(sin″o-vi´tis) inflammation of a synovial membrane, usually painful, particularly on motion, and characterized by fluctuating swelling, due to effusion in a synovial sac. It may be caused by rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, trauma, gout, or other conditions.

synovitis sicca
(sin″o-vi´tis sik´ә) dry synovitis.

synovium
(sĭ-no´ve-әm) synovial membrane.

synpolydactyly
(sin-pol″e-dak´tә-le) polysyndactyly.

synteny
(sin´tә-ne) the presence together on the same chromosome of two or more gene loci whether or not in such proximity that they may be subject to linkage. conservation of gene order between the chromosome of different species. adj., synten´ic, adj. .

synthase
(sin´thās) any enzyme, especially a lyase, which catalyzes a synthesis that does not involve the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond, as opposed to ligase.

synthesis
(sin´thә-sis) the creation of an integrated whole by the combining of simpler parts or entities. the formation of a chemical compound by the union of its elements or from other suitable components. in psychiatry, the integration of the various elements of the personality. adj., synthet´ic., a...

synthesize
(sin´thә-sīz) to produce by synthesis.

synthetase
(sin´thә-tās) ligase; any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled with the breakdown of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.

synthetic absorbable suture
an absorbable suture produced from strands of polymers; the most commonly used materials are polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) and polyglycolic acid (Dexon); the latter is more rapidly absorbed. Synthetic absorbable sutures are absorbed by slow hydrolysis, a chemical process in which the polymer reacts with tissue fluids, causing ...

Synthroid
(sin´throid) trademark for a preparation of levothyroxine sodium, a thyroid hormone.

syntrophoblast
(sin-trof´o-blast) syncytiotrophoblast.

syntropic
(sin-tro´pik) turning or pointing in the same direction. denoting correlation of several factors, as the relation of one disease to the development or incidence of another.

syntropy
(sin´tro-pe) the state of being syntropic.

syphilid
(sif´ĭ-lid) any cutaneous lesion of syphilitic origin. It may be macular, papular, pustular, or, in tertiary syphilis, a gumma.

syphilis
(sif´ĭ-lis) a contagious, usually sexually transmitted disease that leads to many structural and cutaneous lesions; it is caused by a spirochete, Treponema pallidum. A congenital type can be acquired by a fetus in utero from the mother.

syphilis test
see serologic test for syphilis.

syphilitic
(sif″ĭ-lit´ik) affected with, caused by, or pertaining to syphilis.

syphilitic alopecia
irregular alopecia of the eyebrows, beard, and scalp in secondary syphilis.

syphilitic aortitis
aortitis caused by syphilis; its complications include insufficiency of the aortic valve, stenosis or occlusion of the coronary orifices, and aortic aneurysm. Called also Döhle-Heller aortitis, Heller-Döhle disease, and luetic aortitis.

syphilitic arthritis
a rare form of bacterial arthritis occurring as a manifestation of primary, secondary, or tertiary syphilis; types include neuropathic arthropathy, Clutton joint, and Parrot pseudoparalysis.

syphilitic endocarditis
infectious endocarditis resulting from extension of syphilitic infection from the aorta.

syphilitic node
a swelling on a bone due to syphilitic periostitis.

syringe
(sĭ-rinj´) (sir´inj) an instrument for introducing fluids into or withdrawing them from the body. Asepto syringe one that can fit directly into a tube with a large lumen; these are also used for intraoperative irrigation. bulb syringe ...

syringitis
(sir″in-ji´tis) inflammation of the eustachian tube.