Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

striocerebellar
(stri″o-ser″ә-bel´әr) pertaining to the corpus striatum and cerebellum.

striothalamic radiation
a fiber system joining the thalamus and the hypothalamic region.

strip
(strip) a thin, narrow, comparatively long piece of material. to press the contents from a canal, such as the urethra or a blood vessel, by running the finger along it. to excise lengths of large veins and incompetent tributaries after subcutaneous dissection. to remove tooth structur...

stripe
(strīp) a streak or stria.

strobila
(stro-bi´lә) the chain of proglottids constituting the bulk of the body of adult tapeworms, sometimes considered to constitute the entire body, including the head, neck, and proglottids.

stroke
(strōk) a sudden and severe attack. stroke syndrome. completed stroke symptoms associated with severe cerebral ischemia because of the blood supply to part of the brain being interrupted. stroke in evolution a precursor to stroke syndrome...

stroke index
stroke volume index the stroke volume per heartbeat corrected for body surface area; usually expressed in mL per beat per square meter.

stroke score
any of various scoring systems that seek to characterize a patient's clinical state following a stroke.

stroke syndrome
a symptom complex caused by a disorder of the blood vessels serving the brain, with impaired blood supply and ischemia. Symptoms depend on the brain area affected, and may include paralysis either on one entire side of the body or of a less complete area, vertigo, numbness, and aphasia. There are four different events related t...

stroke volume
the quantity of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat of the heart; called also stroke output.

stroma
(stro´mә) the tissue forming the ground substance, framework, or matrix of an organ, as opposed to the functioning part or parenchyma. adj., stro´mal, stromat´ic., adj.

stromal tumors
a diverse group of tumors derived from the stroma of the ovary; many of these secrete sex hormones.

stromuhr
(shtro´moor) an instrument for measuring the velocity of the blood flow.

strong iodine solution
Lugol solution.

strong silver protein
a compound of silver and protein containing 7.5–8.5 per cent of silver; an active germicide with a local irritant and astringent effect. It may cause argyria.

Strongyloides
(stron″jә-loi´dēz) a genus of nematode parasites. S. stercora´lis is a species found in the intestines of humans and other mammals in the tropics, and is the most common cause of strongyloidiasis.

strongyloidiasis
(stron″jә-loi-di´ә-sis) infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. The worms usually inhabit the small intestines, causing intestinal strongyloidiasis with diarrhea and ulceration of the mucosa. At a later stage in their life cycle they may penetrate the skin and be carried to the lungs, causing pulmona...

strongyloidosis
(stron″jә-loi-do´sis) strongyloidiasis.

strontium
(Sr) (stron´she-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 38, atomic weight 87.62. strontium 89 a radioactive isotope of strontium having a half-life of 50.55 days and decaying by beta emission. It is used in the form of the chloride as a radiation source...

strophulus
(strof´u-lәs) a papular urticaria occurring in infants.

structural disease
any disease in which there are microscopic changes.

structural formula
a chemical formula showing the spatial arrangement of the atoms and the linkage of every atom. Replication fork, showing simultaneous synthesis of both strands; since synthesis occurs in the 5′ to 3′ direction, one strand, the leading strand, can be synthesized continuously ...

structural gene
one that is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) and thus encodes the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain. more generally, one that encodes an mRNA, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), or transfer RNA (tRNA) product. Cf. regulatory gene.

structural protein
one that functions primarily to give shape and structure to cells or tissues.

struma
(stroo´mә) goiter.

strumectomy
(stroo-mek´tә-me) excision of a goiter.

strumitis
(stroo-mi´tis) thyroiditis.

Strunsky sign
a sign for detecting lesions of the anterior arch of the foot. The examiner grasps the toes and flexes them suddenly. This procedure is painless in the normal foot, but causes pain if there is inflammation of the anterior arch.

strychnine
(strik´nīn) a very poisonous alkaloid from seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica and other species of Strychnos; a common strychnine-containing rodenticide causes convulsions in humans.

strychnine poisoning
poisoning by strychnine, which causes excitation of all portions of the central nervous system by blocking postsynaptic inhibition of neural impulses; chronic poisoning can lead to convulsions, respiratory paralysis, and death.

strychnine test
see Wenzell test.

Stryker frame
(stri´kәr) an apparatus specially designed for care of patients with injuries of the vertebral column or spinal cord. It is constructed of pipe and canvas and is designed so that the patient can be turned without difficulty. The posterior frame is the one on which the patient lies while in the supine position; the anter...

Strümpell disease
(shtrēm´pәl) hereditary lateral sclerosis with the spasticity mainly limited to the lower limbs.

Strümpell phenomenon
tibialis sign.

Strümpell reflex
movement of the lower limb with adduction of the foot produced by stroking the thigh or abdomen.

Strümpell sign
tibialis sign. radialis sign. pronation sign (def. 2).

Strümpell-Leichtenstern disease
(shtrēm´pәl līk´tәn-shtәrn) Strümpell-Leichtenstern encephalitis (shtrēm´pәl līk´tәn-shtәrn) hemorrhagic encephalitis.

Strümpell-Marie disease
(shtrēm´pәl mah-re´) ankylosing spondylitis.

Strömbeck mammaplasty
Strömbeck operation a one-stage type of reduction mammaplasty that includes transposition of the nipple in a medial and lateral pedicle.

STS
Society of Thoracic Surgeons.

Stuart factor
Stuart-Prower factor factor X.

Student t-
test t-t.

study
(stud´e) a careful examination of a phenomenon; see also test and trial

stump
(stump) the distal end of a limb left after amputation; called also residual limb.

stupe
(stldbomacp) a hot, wet cloth or sponge, charged with a medication for external application.

stupefacient
(stoo″pә-fa´shәnt) inducing stupor. an agent that induces stupor; see also depressant.

stupor
(stoo´pәr) partial or nearly complete unconsciousness. a state of lethargy and immobility with diminished responsiveness to stimulation. adj., stu´porous., adj.

Sturge syndrome
(sturj) Sturge-Kalischer-Weber syndrome (sturj´ kah´lish-әr va´bәr) Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Sturge-Weber syndrome
(sturj´ va´bәr) a congenital syndrome of nevus flammeus of the face (commonly called port-wine stains); angiomas of the choroid and leptomeninges, leading to anoxia; late glaucoma; and often intracranial calcification, mental retardation, and epilepsy may also develop. Called also encephalofacial or encephalotrigeminal ...

Sturmdorf operation
conical excision of the diseased endocervix.

stuttering
(stut´әr-ing) a speech disorder characterized by involuntary hesitation in starting or finishing a sound, such as difficulty in starting words beginning with t, or the inability to get beyond a first letter such as m or s. See also stammering.

stuttering gait
a walking disorder characterized by hesitancy that resembles stuttering; seen in some hysterical or schizophrenic patients as well as in patients with neurologic damage.

sty
(sti) inflammation of one or more of the sebaceous glands of the eyelid, a lesion resembling a pimple. Hot compresses applied for 15 minutes every 2 hours may help localize infection and promote drainage, although in some cases a small surgical incision may be necessary. A mild antiseptic may be prescribed to prev...

stylet
(sti´lәt) a wire run through a catheter or cannula to render it stiff or to remove debris from its lumen. a slender probe.

styloglossus muscle
origin, styloid process; insertion, margin of tongue; innervation, hypoglossal nerve; action, raises and retracts tongue.

stylohyoid
(sti″lo-hi´oid) pertaining to the styloid process and hyoid bone.

stylohyoid muscle
origin, styloid process; insertion, body of hyoid bone; innervation, facial nerve; action, draws hyoid and tongue superiorly and posteriorly.

styloid
(sti´loid) long and pointed, like a pen or stylus.

styloid process
a long, pointed projection, particularly a long spine projecting downward from the inferior surface of the temporal bone.

styloiditis
(sti″loi-di´tis) inflammation of tissues around the styloid process of the temporal bone.

stylomastoid
(sti″lo-mas´toid) pertaining to the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone.

stylomastoid artery
origin, posterior auricular artery; branches, mastoid and stapedial branches, posterior tympanic artery; distribution, tympanic cavity walls, mastoid cells, stapedius muscle.

stylomastoid foramen
an opening between the styloid and mastoid processes for the facial nerve and the stylomastoid artery.

stylomastoid vein
a vein following the stylomastoid artery and emptying into the retromandibular vein.

stylomaxillary
(sti″lo-mak´sĭ-lar″e) pertaining to the styloid process of the temporal bone and the maxilla.

stylopharyngeus muscle
stylopharyngeal muscle: one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx; origin, styloid process; insertion, thyroid cartilage and constrictor muscles of pharynx; innervation, pharyngeal plexus, glossopharyngeal nerve; action, raises and dilates pharynx.

stylus
(sti´lәs) stylet. a pencil or stick, as of caustic.

stypsis
(stip´sis) the action or application of a styptic.

styptic
(stip´tik) contracting the tissues or blood vessels; used particularly to denote the stopping of hemorrhage by means of an astringent quality. something that has this quality. A chemical styptic works by causing formation of a blood clot by chemical action. A vascular styptic checks bleeding by causing the...

Stypven
(stip´vәn) trademark for a preparation of Russell viper venom, used as a hemostatic agent.

Stypven time test
a prothrombin test similar to the (one-stage) prothrombin time, but performed with Russell viper venom (Stypven) as the thromboplastic agent; useful in defining deficiencies of blood coagulation factor X. Called also Russell viper venom test.

subabdominal
(sub″ab-dŏm´ĭ-nәl) below the abdomen.

subacromial
(sub″ә-kro´me-әl) below the acromion.

subacromial bursa
one between the acromion and the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle, extending between the deltoid and the greater tubercle of the humerus. Subacromial bursa (bursa subacromialis), lying between the acromion and supraspinatus tendon and extending between the deltoid and greater tuber...

subacromial bursitis
see calcific tendinitis.

subacute
(sub″ә-kūt´) somewhat acute; between acute and chronic.

subacute bacterial endocarditis
(SBE) see infective endocarditis.

subacute care
comprehensive goal-oriented inpatient care designed for a patient who has had an acute illness, injury, or exacerbation of a disease process; it is rendered either immediately after or instead of acute care hospitalization, to treat specific active or complex medical conditions or to administer any necessary technically c...

subacute hepatic necrosis
a clinical entity comprising a small group of viral hepatitis cases characterized by bridging necrosis and an increased incidence of progression to liver failure, chronic active hepatitis or cirrhosis.

subacute inflammation
a condition intermediate between chronic and acute inflammation, exhibiting some of the characteristics of each.

subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis
painless, self-limited hyperthyroidism without the nonthyroidal features of Graves disease; there is lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland.

subacute spongiform encephalopathy
prion disease.

subacute yellow atrophy
gross necrosis of the liver in broad zones, due to viral, toxic, or drug-induced hepatitis; it may have an acute course with death from liver failure in several weeks, or there may be clinical recovery with regeneration of the parenchymal cells.

subalimentation
(sub″al-ĭ-mәn-ta´shәn) hypoalimentation.

subaortic stenosis
aortic stenosis due to an obstructive lesion in the left ventricle below the aortic valve, causing a pressure gradient across the obstruction within the ventricle.

subaponeurotic
(sub″ap-o-ndbobr-rot´ik) below an aponeurosis.

subarachnoid
(sub″ә-rak´noid) between the arachnoid and the pia mater.

subarachnoid block
spinal anesthesia (def. 2).

subarachnoid hemorrhage
intracranial hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space.

subarachnoid space
the space between the arachnoid and the pia mater, containing cerebrospinal fluid.

subarcuate fossa
a depression in the posterior inner surface of the pars petrosa of the temporal bone.

subareolar
(sub″ә-re´ә-lәr) beneath the areola of the nipple.

subastragalar
(sub″әs-trag´ә-lәr) below the astragalus (talus).

subastringent
(sub″ә-strin´jәnt) moderately astringent.

subaural
(sәb-aw´rәl) below the ear.

subcallosal area
Broca parolfactory area.

subcapital fracture
fracture of a bone just below its head, especially an intracapsular fracture of the neck of the femur at the junction of the head and neck.

subcapsular
(sәb-kap´su-lәr) below a capsule, especially the capsule of the brain.

subcapsular cataract
an opacity beneath the anterior or posterior lens capsule.

subcardinal veins
paired vessels in the embryo, replacing the postcardinal veins and persisting to some degree as definitive vessels.