Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

succorrhea
(suk″o-re´ә) excessive flow of a natural secretion.

succussion
(sә-kush´әn) a splashing sound elicited when a patient is shaken, indicative of fluid and air in a body cavity.

succussion sounds
splashing sounds heard on succussion over a distended stomach or in hydropneumothorax.

suck-swallow reflex
rhythmical sucking and swallowing movements in an infant when a finger or nipple is placed in the mouth.

sucking
(suk´ing) moving the lips and tongue in such a way as to create suction and draw fluids or solids into the mouth. See also sucking reflex.

sucking pad
suctorial pad a lobulated mass of fat that occupies the space between the masseter muscle and the external surface of the buccinator muscle. It is well developed in infants.

sucking reflex
sucking movements of the lips of an infant elicited by touching the lips or the skin near the mouth.

sucking wound
a penetrating wound of the chest through which air is drawn in and out, as in open pneumothorax.

sucralfate
(soo-kral´fāt) a complex of aluminum and a sulfated polysaccharide, used as a gastrointestinal antiulcerative and gastric mucosa protectant; administered orally.

sucrase
(soo´krās) a digestive enzyme secreted in the intestine that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose and maltose to produce glucose and fructose.

sucrase-isomaltase deficiency
(soo´krās i″so-mawl´tās) deficient activity of the complex of sucrase and isomaltase that occurs in the intestinal mucosa, resulting in malabsorption of sucrose and starch; it is characterized by watery, osmotic-fermentative diarrhea, sometimes leading to dehydration and malnutrition, apparent in i...

sucrose
(soo´krōs) a disaccharide obtained from sugar cane, sugar beet, or other sources; used as a food and sweetening agent. Sucrose.

sucrose hemolysis test
a test for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria; the patient's whole blood is mixed with isotonic sucrose solution, which promotes binding of complement to red blood cells, then incubated and examined for hemolysis; greater than 10 per cent hemolysis indicates paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

suction
(suk´shәn) the drawing of a fluid or solid into a space because the pressure inside it is lower than that outside. aspiration of gas or fluid by mechanical means. post-tussive suction a sucking sound heard over a lung cavity just after a cough.

suctioning
(suk´shun-ing) removal of material through the use of negative pressure, such as for an operative wound during and after surgery to remove exudates, or for the respiratory tract to remove secretions that the patient cannot remove by coughing.

suctorial
(sәk-tor´e-әl) adapted for sucking.

Sudafed
(soo´dә-fed) trademark for preparations containing pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, a nasal decongestant.

sudamen
(soo-da´mәn) pl. suda´mina a whitish blister caused by the retention of sweat in the sweat ducts or the layers of the epidermis. (in the plural)miliaria crystallina.

Sudan
(soo-dan´) a group of azo compounds used as biological stains for fats.

sudanophilia
(soo-dan″o-fil´e-ә) affinity for a Sudan stain. a condition in which the leukocytes contain particles staining readily with Sudan red III.

sudanophobic zone
a broad zone of cells that appears in the adrenal cortex of rats following hypophysectomy and does not stain with Sudan.

sudden adult death syndrome
sudden arrhythmia death syndromesudden arrhythmic death syndrome(SADS) any of various conditions in which sudden cardiac death results from an arrhythmia, usually tachycardia but occasionally severe bradycardia.

sudden cardiac death
unexpected natural death from cardiac causes, occurring rapidly after onset of acute symptoms in a patient with or without known preexisting heart disease; the cardiac dysfunction produces abrupt loss of cerebral blood flow. The interval between onset of symptoms and death may range from less than one hour to almost 24 ho...

sudden infant death syndrome
(SIDS) the sudden and unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant, not explained by careful postmortem studies. It typically occurs between birth and age 9 months, with the highest incidence at 3 to 5 months. Called also crib death or cot death because the infant often is found dead in the crib.

sudden unexplained death syndrome
(SUDS) death for which no underlying cause can be found of a person two years old or older. Brugada syndrome.

Sudeck atrophy
posttraumatic osteoporosis.

Sudeck disease
(soo´dek) post-traumatic osteoporosis.

Sudeck-Leriche syndrome
(soo´dek lә-rēsh´) post-traumatic osteoporosis associated with vasospasm.

sudomotor
(soo″do-mo´tәr) stimulating the sweat glands.

sudomotor nerves
the nerves that innervate the sweat glands.

sudoriferous
(soo″dә-rif´әr-әs) conveying sweat. sudoriparous.

sudoriferous duct
sweat duct.

sudoriferous gland
sudoriparous gland sweat gland.

sudorific
(soo″dә-rif´ik) diaphoretic.

sudorific center
sweat center.

sudoriparous
(soo″dә-rip´ә-rәs) secreting or producing sweat; called also sudoriferous.

suet
(soo´әt) the fat from the abdominal cavity of ruminants, especially the sheep, used in preparing cerates and ointments and as an emollient.

sufentanil
(soo-fen´tә-nil) an opioid analgesic derived from fentanyl, used as the citrate salt as an anesthetic or anesthesia adjunct; also used for the treatment of obstetric pain.

suffocation
(suf″ә-ka´shәn) the stoppage of breathing; if it is complete (no air at all reaches the lungs), the lack of oxygen and excess of carbon dioxide in the blood will cause almost immediate loss of consciousness, soon followed by death. Called also asphyxiation.

suffocative goiter
one that causes dyspnea due to pressure.

suffusion
(sә-fu´zhәn) the process of overspreading, or diffusion. the condition of being moistened or permeated through.

sugar
(shoog´әr) a sweet carbohydrate of either animal or vegetable origin; the most common ones found in foods are the monosaccharides and disaccharides.

sugar test
see fructose test and glucose test.

suggestibility
(sәg-jes″tĭ-bil´ĭ-te) a condition of enhanced susceptibility to suggestion. adj., sugges´tible., adj.

suggestion
(sәg-jes´chәn) the act of offering an idea for action or for consideration of action. an idea so offered. in psychiatry, the process of causing uncritical acceptance of an idea. hypnotic suggestion one imparted to a person in the hypnotic state. ...

suggestion therapy
a form of psychotherapy characterized by suggestion, reassurance, and sometimes also hypnosis.

suggillation
(sug″jĭ-la´shәn) ecchymosis. contusion.

suicidal
(soo-ĭ-si´dal) pertaining to suicide or prone to suicide.

suicide
(soo´ĭ-sīd) the taking of one's own life. a person who voluntarily and intentionally takes his or her own life. assisted suicide suicide with the help of another person, such as when an incurably ill patient intentionally ingests a toxic substance or an ov...

suicide gene
a protein-coding sequence that produces an enzyme capable of converting a nontoxic prodrug to a cytotoxic compound. In the treatment of tumors, it is introduced into tumor cells by a virus vector .

suit
(sldbomact) an outer garment covering the entire body. MAST suit (military anti-shock trousers) pneumatic antishock garment.

Suker sign
a manifestation of Graves orbitopathy, consisting of deficient complementary fixation in lateral eye rotation.

sulbactam
(sәl-bak´tәm) a β-lactamase inhibitor used as the sodium salt to increase the antibacterial activity of penicillins and cephalosporins against β-lactamase–producing organisms.

sulcate
(sul´kāt) furrowed; marked with sulci.

sulci cutis
(sul´si ku´tis) skin furrows.

sulconazole
(sәl-kon´ә-zōl) a broad-spectrum topical antifungal agent, used as the nitrate salt in treatment of athlete's foot, ringworm, and Candida infections.

sulcular fluid
gingival fluid.

sulcus
(sul´kәs) Latin word meaning furrow. In anatomy, it is used for a long groove or furrow, especially one of the cerebral sulci.

sulfa drug
sulfonamide (def. 2).

sulfacetamide
(sul″fә-set´ә-mīd) a sulfonamide antibacterial used in treatment of bacterial vaginosis; the sodium salt is used topically to treat eye infections and acne.

sulfacytine
(sul″fә-si´tēn) a short-acting, rapidly excreted oral sulfonamide used in treatment of acute urinary tract infections.

sulfadiazine
(sul″fә-di´ә-zēn) a sulfonamide used, frequently in combination with other sulfonamides, in the treatment of infections due to susceptible organisms, including nocardiosis, toxoplasmosis, otitis media caused by susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae,streptococci, and pneumococci, and malaria caus...

sulfadoxine
(sul″fә-dok´sēn) a long-acting sulfonamide used in combination with pyrimethamine in the prophylaxis and treatment of malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum.

sulfaguanidine
(sul″fah-gwan´ĭ-dēn) a sulfonamide antibacterial used in treatment of gastrointestinal infections, especially bacillary dysentery, administered orally.

sulfamethizole
(sul″fә-meth´ĭ-zōl) a sulfonamide used in treatment of urinary tract infections.

sulfamethoxazole
(sul″fә-mәth-ok´sә-zōl) a sulfonamide used as an antibacterial, especially for the treatment of acute urinary tract infections, and as an antiprotozoal; administered orally. Its use has declined as organisms have increasingly developed resistance to it, and when used it is usually combined w...

sulfanilamide
(sul″fә-nil´ә-mīd) a potent antibacterial compound. Although replaced as a systemic agent by more effective and less toxic derivatives, and by antibiotics; it is still used vaginally in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

sulfapyridine
(sul″fә-pir´ĭ-dēn) a sulfonamide administered orally in treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis.

sulfasalazine
(sul″fә-sal´ә-zēn) an antibacterialsulfonamide used orally or rectally in the prophylaxis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and orally as a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

sulfatase
(sul´fә-tās) an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sulfate esters.

sulfate
(sul´fāt) a salt of sulfuric acid.

sulfatide
(sul´fә-tīd) any of a class of cerebroside sulfuric esters.

sulfhemoglobin
(sulf″he´mo-glo″bin) sulfmethemoglobin.

sulfhemoglobinemia
(sulf″he″mo-glo″bin-e´me-ә) the presence of sulfmethemoglobin in the blood; the most significant symptom is cyanosis. It usually results from excessive exposure to sulfur-containing drugs or other chemicals.

sulfhydryl
(sәlf-hi´drәl) the univalent radical sbondSH.

sulfide
(sul´fīd) any binary compound of sulfur; a compound of sulfur with another element or base.

sulfinpyrazone
(sul″fin-pi´rә-zōn) a uricosuric compound used in gout to promote excretion of uric acid; administered orally. It also prolongs platelet survival and inhibits platelet adherence to subendothelial cells and prostaglandin synthesis and has been studied as an antithrombotic agent.

sulfisoxazole
(sul″fә-sok´sә-zōl) a short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial; used as the base or as sulfisoxazole acetyl particularly for infections of the urinary tract and as sulfisoxazole diolamine as a topical ophthalmic antibacterial.

sulfite
(sul´fīt) a salt of sulfurous acid. Sulfites are used as preservatives for salad, fresh fruit and vegetables, wine, beer, and dried fruit. In susceptible individuals, especially those with asthma, they can cause a severe reaction; because of this their use has been curtailed, and foods that contain them must ...

sulfmethemoglobin
(sulf″mәt-he´mo-glo″bin) a compound of hemoglobin and hydrogen sulfide; called also sulfhemoglobin.

sulfobromophthalein
(sul″fo-bro″mo-thal´ēn) a sulfur- and bromine-containing compound, used as the sodium salt in liver function tests.

sulfobromophthalein test
a liver function test in which the dye sulfobromophthalein sodium is introduced into the circulatory system and a blood sample is withdrawn 30 or 45 minutes later, depending on the dose injected. The parenchymal cells remove almost all of the dye within this time if they are functioning normally. The rate of removal is in...

sulfonamide
(sәl-fon´ә-mīd) a compound containing the sbondSO2NH2 group. any of a group of structurally related antibiotics that competitively inhibit folic acid synthesis in microorganisms and formerly were bacteriostatic against a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and some pro...

sulfone
(sul´fōn) a compound containing two hydrocarbon radicals attached to the sbondSO2sbond group, especially dapsone (4,4´-sulfonylbisbenzenamine) and its derivatives, which are potent antibacterials effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms and are widely used in treatment of leprosy.

sulfonylurea
(sul″fә-nәl-u-re´ә) any of a class of compounds that exert hypoglycemic activity by stimulating islet cells to secrete insulin; used to control hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who cannot be treated solely by diet and exercise. The class includes the oral hypoglycemic agentsaceto...

sulfoxone
(sul-fok´sōn) a dapsone derivative used in the form of the sodium salt as a leprostatic and a dermatitis herpetiformis suppressant.

sulfur
(S) (sul´fәr) a chemical element, atomic number 16, atomic weight 32.064. sulfur dioxide a colorless, nonflammable gas used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical preparations; it is also an important air pollutant, irritating the eyes and respiratory tract. ...

sulfur test
(for protein) the suspected liquid is heated with an excess of sodium hydroxide and a small quantity of acetate of lead; if proteins are present, a black precipitate of lead sulfide is formed.

sulfurated
(sul´fu-rāt″әd) combined with sulfur.

sulfuric acid
(sәl-fūr´ik) an oily, highly caustic, poisonous compound, H2SO4.

sulindac
(sәl-in´dak) a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, bursitis or tendinitis of the shoulder, and acute attacks of gout or calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

Sullivan test
(for cysteine) to 1 or 2 mL of the unknown solution add 1 to 2 drops of a 0.5 per cent solution of sodium β-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate and then 5 mL of a 20 per cent sodium thiosulfate made up in 0.25 normal sodium hydroxide. A brilliant red color indicates a free thiol group, demonstrating cysteine rather than cysti...

Sulzberger-Chase phenomenon
abolition of dermal contact hypersensitivity to sensitizing agents, e.g., picryl chloride, produced by prior oral feeding of the agent.

Sulzberger-Garbe syndrome
(sulz´bәr-gәr gahr´be) exudative discoid and lichenoid dermatitis.

sumac
(soo´mak) name of various trees and shrubs of the genus Rhus.

sumatriptan
(soo″mә-trip´tan) a selective serotonin receptor agonist used as the succinate salt in the acute treatment of migraine and cluster headaches; administered orally, subcutaneously, or intranasally.

summation gallop
one in which the third and fourth sounds are superimposed, appearing as one loud sound; usually associated with cardiac disease.

Sumner sign
on gentle palpation of the iliac fossa, a slight increase in tonus of the abdominal muscles may indicate appendicitis, stone in the ureter or kidney, or a twisted pedicle of an ovarian cyst.

sump drain
a double-lumen drain that allows air entering the drained area through the smaller lumen to displace fluid into the larger lumen.

sump syndrome
an occasional complication of choledochoduodenostomy when the anastomosis becomes stenosed and the common bile duct acts as a diverticulum; food and other debris collects in the duct, causing infection.