Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

sweat gland adenoma
hidradenoma.

sweat gland carcinoma
hidradenocarcinoma.

sweat retention syndrome
a dermatologic condition due to occlusion of sweat ducts, which may result in symptoms ranging from pruritus, dermatitis, and miliaria to persistent inflammatory changes, depending upon the extent of the blockage, environmental temperature, and duration of sweating stimulus.

sweating
(swet´ing) the excretion of moisture through the pores of the skin; see also hyperhidrosis. Called also perspiration and diaphoresis.

Swediaur (Schwediauer) disease
(sva´dyour) Albert d.

sweet birch oil
methyl salicylate.

sweet oil
olive oil.

sweet orange oil
orange oil.

swelling
(swel´ing) transient abnormal enlargement of a body part or area not due to cell proliferation; see also edema. Called also tumefaction, tumescence, and turgescence. eminence. cloudy swelling a term formerly used for an early stage of toxic degeneration of protein constituen...

Swenson operation
(swen´sәn) an operation for congenital megacolon, consisting of removal of the rectum and the aganglionic segment of the intestine and an ileoanal pull-through anastomosis with preservation of the anal sphincters.

Swift disease
(swift) Swift-Feer disease acrodynia.

swimmer's ear
otitis externa.

swimmer's itch
cercarial dermatitis.

swimming pool granuloma
a chronic granulomatous bacterial infection caused by contamination of an abrasion in a swimming pool due to presence of Mycobacterium marinum. Histologically and clinically, this condition resembles tumerculosis; it tends to heal spontaneously within a few months to two years.

swineherd's disease
a type of leptospirosis manifested as a benign meningitis; it affects people who work with pigs or pork products or who come in contact with infected urine.

swing phase
a phase of the gait in normal walking; see gait analysis.

swing-through gait
a gait using crutches in which the crutches are advanced and then the legs are swung past them.

swing-to gait
a gait using crutches in which the crutches are advanced and the legs are swung to the same point.

swinging flashlight sign
Marcus Gunn pupillary phenomenon.

swinging flashlight test
(for damage to the optic nerve or retina) with the patient's eyes fixed at a distance and a strong light shining before the intact eye, a crisp bilateral contraction of the pupil is noted. If when the light is moved to the affected eye, both pupils dilate for a short period, but when it is returned to the intact eye, both...

Swyer syndrome
(swi´әr) 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis.

Swyer-James syndrome
(swi´әr jāmz´) acquired unilateral emphysema with severe airway obstruction during exhalation, hypovolemia, and a small hilum.

sycosiform
(si-ko´sĭ-form) resembling sycosis.

sycosis
(si-ko´sis) a papulopustular inflammation of the hair follicles, usually of the beard. sycosis barbae inflammation of hair follicles, usually occurring on the neck of a male patient with tightly curled beard hair. (This condition should not be confused with pseudofolliculitis bar...

Sydenham chorea
(sid´әn-ham) a disorder of the central nervous system that is a manifestation of rheumatic fever; it is usually self-limited and seen in children between 5 and 15 years old, and sometimes in pregnant women. It is characterized by involuntary, irregular, jerky movements of the voluntary muscles, ranging from mild t...

Sylvest disease
(sәl-vest´) epidemic pleurodynia.

sylvian artery
middle cerebral artery.

sylvian fissure
one extending laterally between the temporal and frontal lobes, and turning posteriorly between the temporal and parietal lobes.

sylvian point
a point on the surface of the skull from 29 to 32 mm behind the external angular process of the frontal bone.

sylvian syndrome
sylvian aqueduct syndrome impairment of vertical gaze, retraction nystagmus, convergence nystagmus, convergence spasms, and poor or absent reaction of the pupils (which are usually of normal size) to light or near vision. It is caused by a neoplasm, inflammation, or vascular lesion adjacent to the periductal gray matter of...

symballophone
(sim-bal´o-fōn) a stethoscope with two chest pieces, making possible the comparison and localization of sounds.

symbiont
(sim´bi-ont) (sim´be-ont) an organism or species living in a state of symbiosis.

symbiosis
(sim″bi-o´sis) pl. symbio´ses in parasitology, the biologic association of two individuals or populations of different species; it is classified as mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, amensalism, or synnecrosis, depending on the advantage or disadvantage derived from the relationship. in psychiatry, a mutu...

symbiote
(sim´bi-ōt) symbiont.

symblepharon
(sim-blef´ә-ron) adhesion of an eyelid(s) to the eyeball.

symblepharopterygium
(sim-blef″ә-ro-tәr-ij´e-әm) symblepharon in which the adhesion is a cicatricial band resembling a pterygium.

symbol
(sim´bәl) something, particularly an object, representing something else. in psychoanalytic theory, a representation or perception that replaces unconscious mental content. phallic symbol in psychoanalytic theory, any pointed or upright object that may represent the ph...

symbolism
(sim´bәl-iz-әm) the act or process of representing something by a symbol. in psychoanalytic theory, a mechanism of unconscious thinking characterized by substitution of a symbol for a repressed or threatening impulse or object, which is often of a sexual nature, so as to avoid censorship by the...

symbolization
(sim″bәl-ĭ-za´shәn) a type of defense mechanism in which one idea or object comes to represent another because of similarity or association between them.

Syme amputation
Syme operation disarticulation of the foot with removal of both malleoli.

symmelia
(sĭ-me´le-ә) a developmental anomaly characterized by apparent fusion of the lower limbs. There may be three feet (tripodial symmelia), two feet (dipodial symmelia), one foot (monopodial symmelia), or no feet (apodal symmelia or sirenomelia).

symmelus
(sim´ә-lәs) a fetus with symmelia.

Symmers disease
(sim´әrz) follicular lymphoma.

symmetry
(sim´ә-tre) correspondence in size, form, and arrangement of parts on opposite sides of a plane, or around an axis. adj., symmet´rical., adj. bilateral symmetry the configuration of an irregularly shaped body (such as the human body or that of higher animals) that can be di...

sympathectomy
(sim″pә-thek´tә-me) excision or interruption of some portion of the sympathetic nervous system, which produces temporary dilation of blood vessels and improved nutrition of the part the vessels supply; this is done in cases of partial arterial obstruction that has caused trophic changes. ...

sympathetic
(sim″pә-thet´ik) pertaining to or caused by sympathy. pertaining to the sympathetic nervous system.

sympathetic block
blocking of the sympathetic trunk by paravertebral infiltration with an anesthetic agent.

sympathetic blockade
block of nerve impulse transmission between a preganglionic sympathetic fiber and the ganglion cell.

sympathetic ganglia
aggregations of cell bodies of adrenergic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system; these ganglia are arranged in chainlike fashion on either side of the spinal cord.

sympathetic imbalance
vagotonia.

sympathetic nerve
see sympathetic trunk. any nerve of the sympathetic nervous system.

sympathetic nervous system
the thoracolumbar part of the autonomic nervous system; its preganglionic fibers arise from cell bodies in the thoracic and first three lumbar segments of the spinal cord, and its postganglionic fibers are distributed to the heart, smooth muscle, and glands of the entire body.

sympathetic ophthalmia
granulomatous inflammation of the uveal tract of the uninjured eye following a wound involving the uveal tract of the other eye, resulting in bilateral granulomatous inflammation of the entire uveal tract. Called also sympathetic uveitis.

sympathetic stress reaction
alarm reaction.

sympathetic trunk
two long ganglionated nerve strands, one on each side of the vertebral column and extending for its entire length.

sympathicoblast
(sim-path´ĭ-ko-blast″) an embryonic cell that develops into a sympathetic nerve cell.

sympathicoblastoma
(sim-path″ĭ-ko-blas-to´mә) a neuroblastoma arising in one of the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system; called also sympathoblastoma.

sympathicolytic
(sim-path″ĭ-ko-lit´ik) sympatholytic.

sympathicomimetic
(sim-path″ĭ-ko-mi-met´ik) sympathomimetic.

sympathicotonia
(sim-path″ĭ-ko-to´ne-ә) a stimulated condition of the sympathetic nervous system, marked by vascular spasm, heightened blood pressure, and the dominance of other sympathetic functions. adj., sympathicoton´ic., adj.

sympathicotripsy
(sim-path″ĭ-ko-trip´se) surgical crushing of a nerve, ganglion, or plexus of the sympathetic nervous system.

sympathicotrophic cells
large epithelioid cells occurring in groups and connected with bundles of nonmyelinated nerve fibers in the hilus of the ovary.

sympathicotropic
(sim-path″ĭ-ko-tro´pik) having affinity for or exerting its principal effect on the sympathetic nervous system. an agent with such properties.

sympathism
(sim´pә-thiz-әm) suggestibility.

sympathoadrenal
(sim″pә-tho-ә-dre´nәl) pertaining to the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medulla. involving the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal glands, especially increased sympathetic activity that causes increased secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla and norepinephrine ...

sympathoblast
(sim-path´o-blast″) sympathicoblast.

sympathoblastoma
(sim″pә-tho-blas-to´mә) sympathicoblastoma.

sympathochromaffin cells
small round cells in the fetal suprarenal gland, the forerunners of the sympathetic neurons and cells of the medulla.

sympathogonia
(sim″pә-tho-go´ne-ә) sing. sympathogo´nium undifferentiated embryonic cells that develop into sympathetic nerve cells.

sympathogonium
(sim″pә-tho-go´ne-әm) singular of sympathogonia.

sympatholytic
(sim″pә-tho-lit´ik) blocking transmission of impulses transmitted by the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system to effector organs or tissues, inhibiting such sympathetic functions as smooth muscle contraction and glandular secretion. an agent that produces such an effect; called als...

sympathomimetic
(sim″pә-tho-mi-met´ik) producing effects resembling those of impulses transmitted by the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system. See also adrenergic. an agent that produces such an effect.

symphalangism
(sim-fal´әn-jiz-әm) congenital ankylosis of the proximal joints of the fingers and toes.

symphyseal
(sim-fiz´e-әl) pertaining to a symphysis.

symphysial
(sim-fiz´e-әl) symphyseal.

symphysiorrhaphy
(sim-fiz″e-or´ә-fe) suture of a divided symphysis.

symphysiotomy
(sim-fiz″e-ot´ә-me) division of the symphysis pubis to facilitate delivery.

symphysis
(sim´fĭ-sis) a site or line of union; a type of joint in which the apposed bony surfaces are firmly united by a plate of fibrocartilage. symphysis mentalis the line of fusion in the median plane of the mandible that marks the union of the two halves of the mandible. pu...

sympodia
(sim-po´de-ә) fusion of the lower limbs and feet; see also symmelia.

symport
(sim´port) a transport mechanism that moves two compounds simultaneously across a cell membrane in the same direction, one compound being transported down a concentration gradient and the other against a gradient. See also antiport and cotransport.

symptom
(simp´tәm) any indication of disease perceived by the patient.

symptomatic
(simp″tә-mat´ik) pertaining to or of the nature of a symptom. indicative (of a particular disease or disorder). exhibiting the symptoms of a particular disease but having a different cause. directed at the allaying of symptoms, as symptomatic treatment.

symptomatic epilepsy
epileptic seizures that are caused by a disease or condition that affects the central nervous system, such as hypoglycemia, uremia, or lead poisoning.

symptomatic ulcer
an ulcer that indicates some general disease.

symptomatology
(simp″tә-mә-tol´ә-je) the branch of medicine dealing with symptoms. the combined symptoms of a disease.

symptomatolytic
(simp″tә-mat″o-lit´ik) causing the disappearance of symptoms.

sympus
(sim´pәs) a malformed fetus with sympodia.

Synalar
(sin´ә-lahr) trademark for preparations of fluocinolone acetonide, a steroid used as a topical antiinflammatory agent in dermatoses.

Synalgos-DC
(sin´әl-gos) trademark for a combination preparation of aspirin, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate; used as an analgesic.

synapse
(sin´aps) the junction between the processes of two neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ, where neural impulses are transmitted by chemical means. The impulse causes the release of a neurotransmitter (such as acetylcholine or norepinephrine) from the presynaptic membrane of the axon terminal. The neurotransmitter...

synapsis
(sĭ-nap´sis) the intimate association of homologous chromosomes that occurs during the zygotene stage of meiosis I.

synaptic
(sĭ-nap´tik) pertaining to a synapse. pertaining to a synapsis.

synaptonemal complex
a ladderlike structure consisting of two lateral elements connected to a central element by tranverse filaments that joins together homologous chromosomes in synapsis.

synarthrodia
(sin″ahr-thro´de-ә) fibrous joint. adj., synarthro´dial., adj.

synarthrodial joint
fibrous joint.

synarthrophysis
(sin-ahr″thro-fi´sis) any ankylosing process.

synarthrosis
(sin″ahr-thro´sis) fibrous joint.

syncanthus
(sin-kan´thәs) adhesion of the eyeball to the orbital structures.

syncephalus
(sin-sef´ә-lәs) conjoined twins with heads fused into one, there being a single face, with four ears.

synchilia
(sin-ki´le-ә) cogenital adhesion of the lips.