Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

subcartilaginous
(sub″kahr-tĭ-laj´ĭ-nәs) below a cartilage. partly cartilaginous.

subchondral cyst
a bone cyst within the fused epiphysis beneath the articular plate.

subclass
(sub´klas″) a taxonomic category subordinate to a class and superior to an order.

subclavian
(sәb-kla´ve-әn) below the clavicle.

subclavian artery
origin,brachiocephalic trunk (right), arch of aorta (left); branches,vertebral and internal thoracic arteries, thyrocervical and costocervical trunks; distribution, neck, thoracic wall, spinal cord, brain, meninges, upper limb.

subclavian catheter
a central venous catheter inserted through the subclavian vein.

subclavian steal
in occlusive disease of the subclavian artery, a reversal of blood flow in the ipsilateral vertebral artery from the basilar artery to the subclavian artery beyond the point of occlusion; this may deprive the brain of blood and cause the subclavian steal syndrome.

subclavian steal syndrome
cerebral or brainstem ischemia resulting from diversion of blood flow from the basilar artery to the subclavian artery, in the presence of occlusive disease of the proximal portion of the subclavian artery.

subclavian triangle
a triangular area bounded by the clavicle, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and the omohyoid muscle.

subclavian vein
the vein that continues the axillary vein as the main venous stem of the upper limb, follows the subclavian artery, and joins with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein.

subclavicular
(sub″klә-vik´u-lәr) subclavian.

subclavius muscle
origin, first rib and its cartilage; insertion, lower surface of clavicle; innervation, fifth and sixth cervical nerves; action, depresses lateral end of clavicle.

subclinical
(sәb-klin´ĭ-kәl) without clinical manifestations; said of the early stages or a very mild form of a disease.

subclinical infection
infection that has no symptoms detectable by clinical examination but is caused by microorganisms capable of producing easily recognizable diseases; called also asymptomatic infection. This is common in diseases such as poliomyelitis and mumps. It may occur as an early stage of the infection, with signs and symptoms appearing l...

subclone
(sub´klōn) the progeny of a mutant cell arising in a clone. each new DNA population produced by cleaving DNA from a clonal population into fragments and cloning them.

subcoma insulin therapy
intramuscular administration of small doses of insulin to produce mild hypoglycemia, sedation, and weight gain, formerly used to treat schizophrenia and certain other mental disorders.

subconjunctival
(sub″kәn-junk´tĭ-vәl) beneath the conjunctiva.

subconscious
(sәb-kon´shәs) imperfectly or partially conscious. a term formerly used to include the preconscious and unconscious.

subconsciousness
(sәb-kon´shәs-nis) the state of being partially conscious.

subcoracoid
(sәb-kor´ә-koid) situated under the coracoid process.

subcortex
(sәb-kor´tәks) the brain substance underlying the cortex. adj., subcor´tical., adj.

subcostal
(sәb-kos´tәl) below a rib or ribs; called also infracostal.

subcostal artery
origin,thoracic aorta; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper posterior abdominal wall.

subcostal incision
see illustration.

subcostal nerve
origin, anterior ramus of twelfth thoracic nerve; distribution, skin of lower abdomen and lateral side of gluteal region, parts of transversus, oblique, and rectus muscles, and usually the pyramidalis muscle, and adjacent peritoneum; modality, general sensory and motor.

subcostal vein
either vein that follows the distribution of the subcostal artery, one on the left and one on the right side; it joins the ascending lumbar vein to form the azygos vein on the right or the hemiazygos vein on the left.

subcostales muscles
subcostal muscles: origin, inner surface of ribs: insertion, inner surface of first, second, and third ribs below; innervation, intercostal nerves; action, draw adjacent ribs together, push down ribs.

subcranial
(sәb-kra´ne-әl) below the cranium.

subcrepitant
(sәb-krep´ĭ-tәnt) somewhat crepitant in nature; said of a rale.

subcrepitant rale
a fine moist rale heard over liquid in the smaller tubes; called also crackling rale.

subculture
(sub´kul″chәr) a culture of bacteria derived from another culture. a smaller group within a larger society, having members with characteristics, needs, or behaviors not common to all members of the larger society.

subcutaneous
(sub″ku-ta´ne-әs) beneath the skin; called also hypodermic.

subcutaneous emphysema
interstitial emphysemaI with air in the subcutaneous tissue, usually caused by intrathoracic injury, and usually associated with pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum.

subcutaneous fracture
closed fracture.

subcutaneous injection
injection made into the subcutaneous tissues; fluid medications are most commonly injected, but occasionally solid materials such as steroid hormones may be injected in small, slowly absorbed pellets to prolong their effect. These injections may be given wherever there is subcutaneous tissue, usually in the upper outer ar...

subcutaneous tissue
the layer of loose connective tissue directly under the skin.

subcutaneous veins of abdomen
the superficial veins of the abdominal wall, lying just below the skin.

subcuticular
(sub″ku-tik´u-lәr) subepidermal.

subcuticular suture
a method of skin closure involving placement of stitches in the subcuticular tissues parallel with the line of the wound.

subdiaphragmatic
(sub″di-ә-frag-mat´ik) subphrenic.

subduct
(sәb-dukt´) to draw down.

subdural
(sәb-doo´rәl) between the dura mater and the arachnoid.

subdural hematoma
a hematoma between the dura mater and the pia-arachnoid, usually caused by the head's striking an immovable object such as a wall or the floor of a room; there may or may not be a significant head injury or fracture. A blow to the head can cause the brain to move violently, tearing blood vessels and forming a swelling that ...

subdural hemorrhage
cerebral hemorrhage into the subdural space; see also hematoma and stroke syndrome.

subdural space
an artifactual space between the dura mater and the arachnoid; normally the arachnoid is attached to the dura and space exists only as the result of trauma or a pathologic process.

subendocardial
(sub″әn-do-kahr´de-әl) beneath the endocardium.

subendocardial layer
the layer of loose fibrous tissue uniting the endocardium and myocardium.

subendothelial
(sub″әn-do-the´le-әl) beneath an endothelial layer.

subepicardial layer
the layer of loose connective tissue uniting the epicardium and myocardium.

subepicardium
(sub″ep-ĭ-kahr´de-әm) subepicardial layer.

subepidermal
(sub″ep-ĭ-dur´mәl) beneath the epidermis.

subepithelial
(sub″ep-ĭ-the´le-әl) beneath the epithelium.

subfalcial herniation
a shift of the cingulate gyrus to below the falx cerebri; called also cingulate herniation.

subfamily
(sub´fam″ĭ-le) a taxonomic division sometimes established, subordinate to a family and superior to a tribe or genus.

subfascial
(sәb-fash´әl) beneath a fascia.

subfertility
(sub″fәr-til´ĭ-te) diminished reproductive capacity (see fertility). Called also hypofertility. adj., subfer´tile., adj.

subflaval ligaments
ligamenta flava.

subgenus
(sub´je″nәs) a taxonomic category sometimes established, subordinate to a genus and superior to a species.

subgingival space
gingival crevice.

subglenoid
(sәb-gle´noid) beneath the glenoid (mandibular) fossa.

subglossal
(sәb-glos´әl) sublingual.

subglottic stenosis
stenosis of the trachea below the glottis. A congenital form results in neonatal stridor or laryngotracheitis, often requiring tracheotomy but resolving with age. An acquired form is caused by repeated intubations.

subgrondation
(sub″gron-da´shәn) depression of one fragment of the skull beneath another.

subhepatic
(sub″hә-pat´ik) below the liver.

subhyoid
(sәb-hi´oid) below the hyoid bone.

subiculum
(sә-bik´u-lәm) an underlying or supporting structure.

subiliac
(sәb-il´e-ak) below the ilium.

subilium
(sәb-il´e-әm) the lowest portion of the ilium.

subinvolution
(sub″in-vo-loo´shәn) incomplete involution; failure of a part to return to its normal size and condition after enlargement from functional activity.

subjacent
(sәb-ja´sәnt) located below.

subject
(sub´jәkt) a person or animal subjected to treatment, observation, or experiment.

subjective
(sәb-jek´tiv) perceived only by the affected individual and not by the examiner.

subjective symptom
one perceptible only to the patient, such as pain, pruritus, or vertigo.

subjugal
(sәb-joo´gәl) subzygomatic.

sublesional
(sәb-le´zhәn-әl) performed or situated beneath a lesion.

sublethal
(sәb-le´thәl) insufficient to cause death.

subleukemic leukemia
aleukemic leukemia.

sublimate
(sub´lĭ-māt) a substance obtained by sublimation. to accomplish sublimation.

sublimation
(sub″lĭ-ma´shәn) the conversion of a solid directly into the gaseous state. a type of defense mechanism in which an individual diverts socially unacceptable instinctive drives into personally approved and socially acceptable channels. Mental conflicts may be resolved by this means although...

subliminal
(sәb-lim´ĭ-nәl) below the threshold of sensation or conscious awareness.

sublingual
(sәb-ling´gwәl) beneath the tongue; called also hypoglossal and subglossal.

sublingual artery
origin, lingual artery; branches, none; distribution, sublingual gland.

sublingual caruncle
an eminence on either side of the frenulum of the tongue (frenulum linguae), on which the major duct of the sublingual gland and the duct of the submandibular gland open.

sublingual ducts
the excretory ducts of the sublingual salivary glands.

sublingual fold
a fold on the floor of the mouth underneath the tongue, covering part of the sublingual glands and containing the sublingual ducts.

sublingual gland
either of a pair of salivary glands, one on each side under the tongue.

sublingual nerve
origin, lingual nerve; distribution, sublingual gland and overlying mucous membrane; modality, parasympathetic and general sensory.

sublingual ulcer
an ulcer on the frenum of the tongue.

sublingual vein
a vein that follows the course of the sublingual artery and opens into the lingual vein.

sublinguitis
(sub″ling-gwi´tis) inflammation of the sublingual gland.

sublobular veins
tributaries of the hepatic veins that receive the central veins of liver.

subluxate
(sәb-luk´sāt) to partially dislocate.

subluxation
(sub″lәk-sa´shәn) incomplete or partial dislocation.

submammary
(sәb-mam´ә-re) below the mammary gland.

submandibular
(sub″man-dib´u-lәr) below the mandible.

submandibular duct
submaxillary duct of Wharton the duct that drains the submandibular gland and opens at the sublingual caruncle.

submandibular ganglion
a parasympathetic ganglion located superior to the deep part of the submandibular gland, on the lateral surface of the hyoglossal muscle; its postganglionic fibers supply the sublingual and submandibular glands.

submandibular gland
submaxillary gland either of a pair of salivary glands, one on the inner side of each ramus of the mandible.

submaxillaritis
(sәb-mak″sĭ-lәr-i´tis) inflammation of the submaxillary gland.

submaxillary
(sәb-mak″sĭ-lar´e) below the maxilla.