Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

peripheral vascular resistance
total peripheral resistance.

peripheral vertigo
vestibular vertigo.

peripheral vision
that produced by stimulation of receptors in the retina outside the macula lutea; called also indirect vision.

peripheral zone
a large area of the prostate just beneath the capsule, covering the posterior and lateral aspects and composed mainly of acinar glandular tissue; its ducts drain into the prostatic urethra along most of its length.

periphery
(pә-rif´ә-re) an outward structure or surface; the portion of a system outside the central region.

periphlebitis
(per″e-flә-bi´tis) inflammation of the tissues around a vein, or the external coat of a vein.

periplasmic
(per″e-plas´mik) around the plasma membrane; between the plasma membrane and the cell wall of a bacterium.

peripolar zone
the region surrounding a polar zone.

periportal
(per″e-por´tәl) situated around the portal vein.

periproctitis
(per″e-prok-ti´tis) inflammation of tissues around the rectum and anus.

periprostatic
(per″e-pros-tat´ik) around the prostate.

periprostatitis
(per″e-pros″tә-ti´tis) inflammation of the tissues around the prostate.

periprosthetic
(per″e-pros-thet´ik) near or around a prosthesis.

peripylephlebitis
(per″e-pi″le-flә-bi´tis) inflammation of tissues around the portal vein.

peripyloric
(per″e-pi-lor´ik) around the pylorus; called also juxtapyloric.

periradicular
(per″e-rә-dik´u-lәr) around a root, such as the root of a tooth.

perirectal
(per″e-rek´tәl) around the rectum.

perirectitis
(per″e-rek-ti´tis) periproctitis.

perirenal
(per″e-re´nәl) perinephric.

perirenal arteries
capsular arteries.

perirhinal
(per″e-ri´nәl) around the nose.

perisalpingitis
(per″e-sal″pin-ji´tis) inflammation of tissues around the fallopian tube.

periscopic
(per″ĭ-skop´ik) affording a wide range of vision.

perisigmoiditis
(per″e-sig″moid-i´tis) inflammation of the peritoneum of the sigmoid colon.

perisinusitis
(per″e-si″nәs-i´tis) inflammation of the tissues around a sinus.

perisplanchnic
(per″ĭ-splank´nik) around a viscus or the viscera.

perisplanchnitis
(per″e-splank-ni´tis) inflammation of tissues around the viscera.

perisplenic
(per″e-splen´ik) around the spleen.

perisplenitis
(per″e-splә-ni´tis) inflammation of the peritoneal surface of the spleen.

perispondylitis
(per″e-spon″dә-li´tis) inflammation of tissues around a vertebra.

peristalsis
(per″ĭ-stawl´sis) wormlike movements by which tubular organs that have both longitudinal and circular muscle fibers propel their contents; it consists of a wave of contraction passing along the tube. When food is swallowed, it passes into the esophagus, where muscular contractions in the wall work the food do...

peristaltic reflex
when a portion of the intestine is irritated or distended, the area just proximal contracts and the area just distal relaxes.

peristaphyline
(per″e-staf´ә-līn) around the uvula.

perisynovial
(per″e-sĭ-no-ve´әl) around a synovial structure.

peritectomy
(per″ĭ-tek´tә-me) excision of a ring of conjunctiva around the cornea in treatment of pannus.

peritendineum
(per″ĭ-tәn-din´e-әm) connective tissue investing larger tendons and extending between the fibers composing them.

peritendinitis
(per″e-ten″dĭ-ni´tis) tenosynovitis.

peritenonitis
(per″e-ten″ә-ni´tis) tenosynovitis.

perithelial cell
pericyte.

perithelioma
(per″ĭ-the″le-o´mә) hemangiopericytoma.

perithelium
(per″e-the´le-әm) the connective tissue layer surrounding the capillaries and smaller vessels.

perithyroiditis
(per″e-thi″roi-di´tis) inflammation of the capsule of the thyroid.

peritomy
(pә-rit´ә-me) surgical incision of the conjunctiva and subconjunctival tissue about the whole circumference of the cornea. circumcision.

peritoneal cavity
the potential space between the parietal and the visceral peritoneum.

peritoneal dialysis
(per″ĭ-to-ne´әl di-al´ĭ-sis) a type of hemodialysis in which the peritoneum surrounding the abdominal cavity is used as a dialyzing membrane for removal of waste products or toxins accumulated as a result of renal failure. Substances that can be removed in this way include crystalloids such as urea...

peritoneal equilibration test
(for adequacy of peritoneal dialysis) after a certain specific dwell time of the dialysis solution, ratios are calculated of the difference in plasma and dialysis solution concentrations of solutes such as creatinine, glucose, other small solutes, and proteins at different times during the remainder of the procedure.

peritoneal mouse
a free body in the peritoneal cavity, probably a small detached mass or omentum, sometimes visible radiographically.

peritonealgia
(per″ĭ-to″ne-al´jә) pain in the peritoneum.

peritoneocentesis
(per″ĭ-to″ne-o-sen-te´sis) abdominal paracentesis.

peritoneointestinal reflex
inhibition of motility of the stomach and intestine resulting from retroperitoneal irritation or hemorrhage.

peritoneopathy
(per″ĭ-to-ne-op´ә-the) any disease of the peritoneum.

peritoneopericardial
(per″ĭ-to-ne″o-per″ĭ-kahr´de-әl) pertaining to the peritoneum and pericardium.

peritoneovenous
(per″ĭ-to-ne″o-ve´nәs) communicating with the peritoneal cavity and the venous system, such as a peritoneovenous shunt.

peritoneovenous shunt
a shunt for removing excess ascitic fluid from the peritoneal cavity and returning it to the venous system. It consists of a perforated peritoneal tube with a one-way valve; the tube leads to a large vein, usually the superior vena cava or the jugular vein. Called also LeVeen shunt.

peritonitis
(per″ĭ-to-ni´tis) inflammation of the peritoneum, which may be either acute or chronic. In acute types, there is immediate and intense pain at the site of infection, usually with fever, vomiting, and extreme weakness, and the abdomen becomes rigid and sensitive to the touch.

peritonsillar
(per″e-ton´sĭ-lәr) around a tonsil.

peritonsillar abscess
a localized accumulation of pus in the peritonsillar tissue subsequent to suppurative inflammation of the tonsil; called also quinsy.

peritonsillitis
(per″e-ton″sĭ-li´tis) inflammation of peritonsillar tissues.

peritracheal
(per″e-tra´ke-әl) around the trachea.

Peritrate
(per´ĭ-trāt) trademark for a preparation of pentaerythritol, a vasodilator used in treatment of angina pectoris.

peritrichous
(pә-rit´rĭ-kәs) having flagella around the entire surface; said of bacteria. of flagella, occurring around the entire surface of a bacterial cell. having flagella around the cytostome only; said of Ciliophora.

peritubular contractile cells
myoid cells (def. 1).

periumbilical
(per″e-әm-bil´ĭ-kәl) near or around the umbilicus.

periungual fibroma
a smooth, firm, protruding nodule on a nail fold; these are usually found in groups, are histologically angiofibromas, and are considered to be pathognomonic of tuberous sclerosis.

periureteral
(per″e-u-re´tәr-әl) around the ureter.

periureteral fibrosis
retroperitoneal fibrosis.

periureteritis
(per″e-u-re″tәr-i´tis) inflammation of tissues around the ureter.

periurethral
(per″e-u-re´thrәl) around the urethra.

periurethral zone
a narrow area of the prostate consisting of the short ducts adjacent to the prostatic urethra; it is also a site of benign prostatic hyperplasia, but not as commonly as the transitional zone.

periurethritis
(per″e-u″rә-thri´tis) inflammation of the tissues around the urethra; spongiositis.

periuterine
(per″e-u´tәr-in) around the uterus.

perivaginal
(per″e-vaj´ĭ-nәl) around the vagina.

perivaginitis
(per″e-vaj″ĭ-ni´tis) inflammation of tissues around the vagina; called also pericolpitis.

perivascular
(per″e-vas´ku-lәr) around a vessel.

perivascular canal
a lymph space about a blood vessel.

perivascular cell
pericyte.

perivascular spaces
spaces, often only potential, that surround blood vessels for a short distance as they enter the brain.

perivasculitis
(per″e-vas″ku-li´tis) inflammation of the tissue surrounding a blood or lymph vessel. Called also periangiitis.

periventricular system
collective name for the efferent pathways of the hypothalamus that arise mainly in the supraoptic, posterior, and tuberal nuclei and descend in the periventricular gray matter.

periventricular zone
a longitudinal division of the hypothalamus, containing part of the preoptic nuclei as well as the periventricular, infundibular, and posterior nuclei.

perivesical
(per″e-ves´ĭ-kәl) next to the urinary bladder; called also juxtavesical.

perivesiculitis
(per″e-vә-sik″u-li´tis) inflammation of tissues around the seminal vesicles.

perivitelline space
a space between the oocyte and the zona pellucida.

perlèche
(per-lesh´) angular cheilitis.

Perlman syndrome
(pәrl´mәn) a rare, lethal syndrome consisting of renal dysplasia, nephroblastoma, fetal gigantism, and hypertrophy of the islets of Langerhans with hyperinsulinism. It may be transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance.

Perls test
(for hemosiderin) the substance being examined is treated with hydrochloric acid and potassium ferrocyanide; the Prussian blue reaction is produced if hemosiderin is present.

permanent cartilage
cartilage that does not normally become ossified.

permanent teeth
the 32 teeth of the second dentition, which begin to appear in humans at about six years of age. The first molar teeth appear first, followed by the incisors and then the other teeth in pairs. These teeth take their positions slightly to the rear of the deciduous teeth and erupt when the jaws grow enough to accommodate them; the deci...

permanganate test
see Weisz test.

PermCath
(perm´kath) trademark for a type of cuffed hemodialysis catheter that may remain in place for several months.

permeability
(pur″me-ә-bil´ĭ-te) the property or state of being permeable.

permeable
(pur´me-ә-bәl) allowing passage of a substance.

permeate
(pur´me-āt″) to penetrate or pass through, as through a filter. the constituents of a solution or suspension that pass through a filter.

permethrin
(pәr-meth´rin) a topical insecticide used in the treatment of scabies and head louse or tick infestation. It is also applied to objects such as furniture and bedding.

pernicious
(pәr-nish´әs) tending to a fatal outcome.

pernicious anemia
a type of megaloblastic anemia seen most often in older adults, caused by lack of intrinsic factor, which normally is produced by the mucous membrane of the stomach. The deficiency results in inadequate and abnormal formation of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets, with failure to absorb vitamin B12. Some patients have only...

pernicious vomiting
hyperemesis gravidarum.

pernio
(pur´ne-o) chilblain.

perobrachius
(pe″ro-bra´ke-әs) an individual with deformed upper limbs; see also dysmelia.

perocephalus
(pe″ro-sef´ә-lәs) an individual with a congenitally deformed head and face.