Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

phacometachoresis
(fak″o-met″ә-ko-re´sis) displacement of the eye lens.

phacosclerosis
(fak″o-sklә-ro´sis) hardening of the eye lens; a hard cataract, that is, one with a hard nucleus.

phacoscope
(fak´o-skōp) an instrument for viewing accommodative changes of the eye lens.

phacotoxic
(fak´o-tok″sik) exerting a deleterious effect upon the crystalline lens.

phaeohyphomycosis
(fe″o-hi″fo-mi-ko´sis) a hyphomycosis in which the infecting fungus is dark in color; most are opportunistic infections.

phage
(fāj) bacteriophage.

phage type
a subgroup of a bacterial species susceptible to a particular bacteriophage and demonstrated by phage typing. Called also phagotype.

phagedena
(faj″ә-de´nә) ulceration that spreads rapidly and causes sloughing; see also phagedenic ulcer. adj., phagede´nic.

phagedenic ulcer
any of a group of conditions due to secondary bacterial invasion of a preexisting cutaneous lesion or the intact skin of an individual with impaired resistance as a result of a systemic disease, which is characterized by necrotic ulceration associated with prominent tissue destruction. tropical phagedenic ul...

phagocyte
(fa´go-sīt) any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter, usually referring to a microphage, macrophage, or monocyte. They ingest microorganisms and other particulate antigens that are coated with antibody or complement (opsonized), a process mediated by specific cell-surface receptors. Other cell types exhibit phago...

phagocytic dysfunction disorders
a group of immunodeficiency conditions characterized by disordered phagocytic activity. There are two types: extrinsic (such as suppression of the number of phagocytes by immunosuppressive agents, or dysfunction caused by corticosteroids); and intrinsic (related to enzyme deficiencies). These disorders are marked by bacterial or fung...

phagocytize
(fa´go-sit″īz) phagocytose.

phagocytolysis
(fa″go-si-tol´ĭ-sis) destruction of phagocytes. adj., phagocytolyt´ic., adj.

phagocytose
(fa″go-si´tōs) to envelop and destroy bacteria and other foreign material; phagocytize.

phagocytosis
(fa″go-si-to´sis) the engulfing of microorganisms or other cells and foreign particles by phagocytes. adj., phagocytot´ic., adj. Phagocytosis.

phagosome
(fag´o-sōm) a membrane-bound vesicle in a phagocyte containing the phagocytized material.

phagotype
(fag´o-tīp) phage type.

phakitis
(fa-ki´tis) inflammation of the crystalline lens of the eye.

phakoma
(fә-ko´mә) any of the hamartomas found characteristically in the phakomatoses.

phakomatosis
(fak″o-mә-to´sis) any of numerous hereditary syndromes marked by phakomas of the eye, skin, or brain; the most common ones are (neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, Sturge-Weber syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau disease, and ataxia-telangiectasia).

phalangeal
(fә-lan´je-әl) pertaining to a phalanx.

phalangeal cells
elongated supporting cells of the organ of Corti. The inner ones are arranged in a row on the inner surface of the inner pillar cells and surround the inner hair cells; the outer ones (Deiters cells) support the outer hair cells.

phalangectomy
(fal″әn-jek´tә-me) excision of a phalanx.

phalanges
(fә-lan´jēz) sing., pha´lanx the bones of the fingers and toes. adj., phalan´geal., adj.

phalangitis
(fal″әn-ji´tis) inflammation of one or more phalanges.

Phalen maneuver
(fa´lәn) to detect carpal tunnel syndrome, the size of the carpal tunnel is reduced by flexion (or extension) of the affected wrist for 30 to 60 seconds, or by inflating a sphygmomanometer cuff around the involved hand to a point between diastolic and systolic blood pressure for 30 to 60 seconds. Pain or paresthesias wi...

phallectomy
(fә-lek´tә-me) penectomy.

phallic
(fal´ik) penile.

phallic stage
in psychoanalytic theory, the third stage in psychosexual development, lasting from age 2 or 3 years to 5 or 6 years, during which sexual interest, curiosity, and pleasurable experiences are centered on the penis in boys and the clitoris in girls. It is preceded by the anal stage and followed by the latency stage.

phallitis
(fә-li´tis) penitis.

phalloidin
(fә-loi´din) a hexapeptide poison from the mushroom Amanita phalloides, which causes asthenia, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, and death.

phallus
(fal´әs) the penis. adj., phal´lic., adj.

phantasm
(fan´taz-әm) phantom (def. 1).

phantogeusia
(fan″to-goo´zhә) continuous abnormal taste in the mouth, usually metallic or salty.

phantom
(fan´tәm) an image or impression not evoked by actual stimuli. a model of the body or a body part. in radiology, a device that simulates the conditions encountered when radiation or radioactive material is deposited in tissues, to give a quantitative estimation of its effects.

phantom image
the radiographic image produced by a phantom. a type of artifact seen in conventional linear tomography.

phantom limb
the sensation, after amputation of a limb, that the absent part is still present; there may be paresthesias, transient aches, and intermittent or continuous pain (phantom limb pain) perceived as originating in the absent limb.

phantom pain
phantom limb pain pain felt as if it were arising in an absent or amputated limb or organ.

phantom pregnancy
false pregnancy due to psychogenic factors.

phar
pharmacy; pharmaceutical; pharmacopeia.

pharm
pharmacy; pharmaceutical; pharmacopeia.

Pharm D
abbreviation for Latin Pharma´ciae Doc´tor (Doctor of Pharmacy).

pharmaceutical
(fahr″mә-soo´tĭ-kәl) pertaining to pharmacy or drugs. a medicinal drug.

pharmaceutics
(fahr″mә-soo´tiks) pharmacy (def. 1). pharmaceutical preparations.

pharmacist
(fahr´mә-sist) a person licensed to prepare, compound, and dispense drugs upon written order (prescription) from a licensed practitioner such as a physician, dentist, or advanced practice nurse.

pharmacoangiography
(fahr″mә-ko-an″je-og´rә-fe) angiography in which visualization is enhanced by manipulating the flow of blood by administration of vasodilating and vasoconstricting agents.

pharmacodiagnosis
(fahr″mә-ko-di″әg-no´sis) use of drugs in diagnosis.

pharmacodynamics
(fahr″mә-ko-di-nam´iks) the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and the mechanisms of their actions, including the correlation of their actions and effects with their chemical structure. adj., pharmacodynam´ic., adj.

pharmacoepidemiology
(fahr″mә-ko-ep″ĭ-de″me-ol´ә-je) the study of the factors determining and influencing the frequency and distribution of events related to drug administration in a defined population.

pharmacogenetics
(fahr″mә-ko-jә-net´iks) the clinical study of inherited variation in the nature of responses to drugs, focusing on single genes. In practice, the term is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenomics.

pharmacogenomics
(fahr″mә-ko-jә-no´miks) the study of the inherited variations in genes that dictate drug response and the way these can be used to predict individual responses to a drug, using a genome-wide approach. In practice, the term is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics.

pharmacognosy
(fahr″mә-kog´nә-se) the branch of pharmacology dealing with natural drugs and their constituents.

pharmacokinetics
(fahr″mә-ko-kĭ-net´iks) the study of the movement of drugs in the body, including the processes of absorption, distribution, localization in tissues, biotransformation, and excretion. adj., pharmacokinet´ic., adj.

pharmacologist
(fahr″mә-kol´ә-jist) a specialist in pharmacology.

pharmacology
(fahr″mә-kol´ә-je) the science that deals with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of drugs; it includes pharmacognosy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacotherapeutics, and toxicology. adj., pharmacolog´ic., adj.

pharmacomania
(fahr″mә-ko-ma´ne-ә) uncontrollable desire to take or to administer drugs.

pharmacopeia
(fahr″mә-ko-pe´ә) an authoritative treatise on drugs and their preparations; see also USP. adj., pharmacopei´al., adj.

pharmacophobia
(fahr″mә-ko-fo´be-ә) irrational fear of medicines or drugs.

pharmacophore
(fahr´mә-ko-for″) the group of atoms in the molecule of a drug responsible for the drug's action.

pharmacopoeia
(fahr″mә-ko-pe´ә) pharmacopeia.

pharmacotherapy
(fahr″mә-ko-ther´ә-pe) treatment of disease with medicines.

pharmacovigilance
(fahr″mә-ko-vij´ĭ-lәns) the monitoring of the quality and safety of drugs by collection and analysis of data on adverse drug reactions and other safety-related effects of drug administration.

pharmacy
(fahr´mә-se) the branch of the health sciences dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper utilization of drugs. a place where drugs are compounded or dispensed.

pharmacy equivalent name
(PEN) a shortened name for a drug or combination of drugs, used by pharmacists or practitioners when it may be impractical to use the full official term.

pharyngalgia
(far″in-gal´jә) pharyngodynia.

pharyngeal
(fә-rin´je-әl) pertaining to the pharynx.

pharyngeal arches
structures in the neck region of the human embryo that are analagous to the branchial arches in lower vertebrates; the four pairs of pharyngeal arches are mesenchymal and later cartilaginous structures that develop during the first two months of embryonic life and are separated by clefts (the pharyngeal grooves). As the f...

pharyngeal bursitis
Tornwaldt disease.

pharyngeal membrane
in the embryo, one of the thin membranes, consisting of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, that separate the pharyngeal pouches from the pharyngeal grooves; the first pharyngeal membrane, with its associated mesenchyme, becomes the tympanic membrane.

pharyngeal muscles
the muscular coat of the pharynx, consisting of the three constrictor muscles (inferior, middle, and superior) and the stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and palatopharyngeus muscles.

pharyngeal nerve
a nerve running from the posterior part of the pterygopalatine ganglion, through the pharyngeal canal along with the pharyngeal branch of the maxillary artery, to the mucous membrane of the nasal part of the pharynx, posterior to the eustachian tube.

pharyngeal pouch
a diverticulum of the pharynx of an embryo that meets a corresponding pharyngeal groove in the ectoderm to form a closing membrane that may rupture and complete the gill slit as observed in vertebrates with gills. Called also branchial pouch.

pharyngeal pouch syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome.

pharyngeal reflex
gag reflex.

pharyngeal tularemia
oropharyngeal tularemia.

pharyngeal veins
veins that drain the pharyngeal plexus and empty into the internal jugular vein.

pharyngectomy
(far″in-jek´tә-me) excision of part of the pharynx.

pharyngismus
(far″in-jiz´mәs) pharyngospasm.

pharyngitis
(far″in-ji´tis) inflammation of the throat (pharynx); called also sore throat. adj., pharyngit´ic., adj.

pharyngitis sicca
(far″in-ji´tis sik´ә) atrophic pharyngitis.

pharyngocele
(fә-ring´go-sēl) a herniation or cystic deformity of the pharynx.

pharyngoconjunctival fever
(fә-ring″go-kәn″junk´tĭ-vәl) an epidemic disease due to an adenovirus, seen mainly in schoolchildren, with fever, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes.

pharyngoconjunctival fever virus
human adenovirus type 3; see Mastadenovirus.

pharyngodynia
(fә-ring″go-din´e-ә) pain in the pharynx.

pharyngoesophageal
(fә-ring″go-ә-sof´ә-je″әl) pertaining to the pharynx and esophagus.

pharyngoglossal
(fә-ring″go-glos´әl) glossopharyngeal.

pharyngokeratosis
(fә-ring″go-ker″ә-to´sis) keratosis pharyngea.

pharyngolaryngitis
(fә-ring″go-lar″in-ji´tis) laryngopharyngitis.

pharyngomycosis
(fә-ring″go-mi-ko´sis) any fungal infection of the pharynx.

pharyngonasal
(fә-ring″go-na´zәl) nasopharyngeal.

pharyngoparalysis
(fә-ring″go-pә-ral´ĭ-sis) paralysis of the pharyngeal muscles; pharyngoplegia.

pharyngoplasty
(fә-ring´go-plas″te) plastic repair of the pharynx.

pharyngoplegia
(fә-ring″go-ple´jә) pharyngoparalysis.

pharyngoscleroma
(fә-ring″go-sklә-ro´mә) scleroma of the pharynx.

pharyngoscope
(fә-ring´go-skōp) an instrument for inspecting the pharynx.

pharyngoscopy
(far″ing-gos´kә-pe) direct visual examination of the pharynx.

pharyngospasm
(fә-ring´go-spaz″әm) spasm of the pharyngeal muscles; called also pharyngismus.

pharyngostenosis
(fә-ring″go-stә-no´sis) narrowing of the pharynx.

pharyngotomy
(far″ing-got´ә-me) incision of the pharynx.

pharynx
(far´inks) the musculomembranous cavity, about 12.5 cm (5 inches) long, behind the nasal cavities, mouth, and larynx, communicating with them and with the esophagus.The pharynx may be divided into three areas: the nasopharynx above; the oropharynx in the middle, behind the mouth; and the laryngopharynx below. The nasopharynx...