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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

longicornia
<zoology> A division of beetles, including a large number of species, in which the antennae are very long. most of them, while in the larval state, bore into the wood or beneath the bark of trees, and some species are very destructive to fruit and shade trees. See Apple borer, under Apple, and Locust beetle. ... Origin: NL, fr. L. Longus long …

longissimus capitis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, from transverse processes of upper thoracic and transverse and articular processes of lower and middle cervical vertebrae; insertion, into mastoid process; action, keeps head erect, draws it backward or to one side; nerve supply, dorsal primary rami of cervical spinal nerves. ... Synonym: musculus longissimus capitis, …

longissimus cervicis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, transverse processes of upper thoracic vertebrae; insertion, transverse processes of middle and upper cervical vertebrae; action, extends cervical vertebrae; nerve supply, dorsal primary rami of lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal nerves. ... Synonym: musculus longissimus cervicis, cervical longissimus muscle, mu …

longissimus muscle
<anatomy> The intermediate division of the erector spinae muscle having three subdivisions: longissimus capitis muscle, longissimus cervicis muscle, and longissimus thoracis muscle. ... Synonym: musculus longissimus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longissimus thoracis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, with iliocostalis and from transverse processes of lower thoracic vertebrae; insertion, by lateral slips into most or all of the ribs between angles and tubercles and into tips of transverse processes of upper lumbar vertebrae, and by medial slips into accessory processes of upper lumbar and transverse processes of t …

longitude
1. Length; measure or distance along the longest line; distinguished from breadth or thickness; as, the longitude of a room; rare now, except in a humorous sense. 'The longitude of their cloaks.' (Sir. W. Scott) 'Mine [shadow] spindling into longitude immense.' (Cowper) ... 2. <geography> The arc or portion of the equator intersected between t …

longitudinal
The word come from the Latin longitudo meaning length. Hence, longitudinal means along the length, running lengthwise, or (by extension) over the course of time. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

longitudinal aberration
In spherical aberration, the distance separating the focus of paraxial and peripheral rays on the optic axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal arc of skull
The line carried over the skull in the midline from the nasion to the opisthion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal arch of foot
See: medial longitudinal arch of foot, lateral longitudinal arch of foot. ... Synonym: arcus pedis longitudinalis, lateral part of longitudinal arch of foot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal canals of modiolus
Centrally placed channels that convey vessels and nerves to the apical turns of the cochlea. ... Synonym: canales longitudinales modioli, central canals of cochlea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal dissociation
Dissociation between parallel chambers of the heart, as between one atrium and the other or between one ventricle and the other, in contrast to dissociation between atria and ventricles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal fissure of cerebrum
The deep cleft separating the two hemispheres of the cerebrum. ... Synonym: fissura longitudinalis cerebri, great longitudinal fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal fold of duodenum
A fold of mucosa on the medial wall of the descending part of the duodenum above the major duodenal papilla, probably caused by the relation to the common bile duct. ... Synonym: plica longitudinalis duodeni. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal fracture
A fracture involving the bone in the line of its axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal layer of muscular coat
The outer, longitudinal layer of the smooth muscle of the muscular coat. Nomina Anatomica lists longitudinal layers of muscular coats (stratum longitudinale tunicae muscularis...) of the following: 1) colon (... Coli ); 2) rectum (... Recti ); 3) small intestine (... Intestini tenuis ); 4) stomach (... Gastrici ). ... Synonym: stratum longitudinale …

longitudinal lie
That relationship in which the long axis of the foetus is longitudinal and roughly parallel to the long axis of the mother; the presenting part may be either the head or the breech. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal ligament
<anatomy> One of two extensive fibrous bands running the length of the vertebral column: the anterior longitudinal ligament and the posterior longitudinal ligament. ... Synonym: ligamentum longitudinale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal ligaments
Two extensive fibrous bands running the length of the vertebral column. The anterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale anterius; lacertus medius) interconnects the anterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies; the posterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale posterius) interconnects the posterior surfaces. The commonest clin …

longitudinal magnification
<microscopy> A certain distance, measured axially, in the object space as referred to the respective distance in the image space. The ratio of the distance D' in the image space to the distance D in the object space equated to the square of the linear magnification M of the system. ... Thus: M exp2 =D'/D. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

longitudinal method
In developmental psychology, the study of the life span of one individual involving comparisons of different age levels. ... Compare: cross-sectional method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal oval pelvis
Synonym for dolichopellic pelvis ... A pelvis in which the anteroposterior diameter is longer than the transverse. ... Synonym: longitudinal oval pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal pontine bundles
Synonym for longitudinal pontine fasciculi ... The massive bundles of corticofugal fibres passing longitudinally through the ventral part of pons; they are composed of corticopontine, corticobulbar, and corticospinal fibres. ... Synonym: fasciculi longitudinales pontis, longitudinal pontine bundles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal pontine fasciculi
The massive bundles of corticofugal fibres passing longitudinally through the ventral part of pons; they are composed of corticopontine, corticobulbar, and corticospinal fibres. ... Synonym: fasciculi longitudinales pontis, longitudinal pontine bundles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal relaxation
In nuclear magnetic resonance, the return of the magnetic dipoles of the hydrogen nuclei (magnetization vector) to equilibrium parallel to the magnetic field, after they have been flipped 90°; varies in rate in different tissues, taking up to 15 seconds for water. ... See: TI. ... Synonym: spin-lattice relaxation, spin-spin relaxation. ... (05 Mar 200 …

longitudinal section
A section that is cut along the long axis of a structure. The opposite is a cross-section. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

longitudinal sinus
See: inferior sagittal sinus, superior sagittal sinus. ... Longitudinal vertebral venous sinus, large, plexiform veins forming portions of the anterior internal vertebral venous plexus lying on the posterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies on either side of the posterior longitudinal ligament. ... Synonym: sinus vertebrales longitudinales. ... Luschk …

longitudinal studies
Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

longitudinal study
<epidemiology> A study taking place over time. If individuals are followed, this is a longitudinal cohort study. If individuals are not followed, but classes (usually age classes) are restudied, this is a longitudinal cross-sectional study. ... The converse of a horizontal study. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

longitudinal sulcus of heart
See: anterior interventricular groove, posterior interventricular groove. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longitudinal wave
<physics> Waves where the variation of the field is partially or totally in the direction of propagation (parallel to wavennumber, k [a vector]). ... Examples include sound waves and Langmuir waves. Contrasted with transverse waves, where the variation is perpendicular to the direction of propagation, such as light waves. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

longitudinalis
Synonym for longitudinal ... The word come from the Latin longitudo meaning length. Hence, longitudinal means along the length, running lengthwise, or (by extension) over the course of time. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

longitype
Synonym for ectomorph ... A constitutional body type or build (biotype or somatotype) in which tissues originating from the ectoderm predominate; from a morphological standpoint, the limbs predominate over the trunk. ... Synonym: longitype. ... Origin: ecto-+ G. Morphe, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Longmire, William Jr
<person> U.S. Surgeon, *1913. ... See: Longmire's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Longmire's operation
Intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy with partial hepatectomy for biliary obstruction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longus capitis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior tubercles of transverse processes of third to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, basilar process of occipital bone; action, twists or flexes neck anteriorly; nerve supply, cervical plexus. ... Synonym: musculus longus capitis, long muscle of head, musculus rectus capitis anticus major. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

longus colli muscle
<anatomy> Medial part: origin, the bodies of the third thoracic to the fifth cervical vertebrae; insertion, the bodies of the second to fourth cervical vertebrae; superolateral part: origin, the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third to fifth cervical vertebrae; insertion, the anterior tubercle of the atlas; inferolateral …

look
1. To direct the eyes for the purpose of seeing something; to direct the eyes toward an object; to observe with the eyes while keeping them directed; with various prepositions, often in a special or figurative sense. See Phrases below. ... 2. To direct the attention (to something); to consider; to examine; as, to look at an action. ... 3. To seem; to …

loom
1. To appear above the surface either of sea or land, or to appear enlarged, or distorted and indistinct, as a distant object, a ship at sea, or a mountain, especially. From atmospheric influences; as, the ship looms large; the land looms high. 'Awful she looms, the terror of the main.' (H. J. Pye) ... 2. To rise and to be eminent; to be elevated or …

loon
<ornithology> Any one of several aquatic, wed-footed, northern birds of the genus Urinator (formerly Colymbus), noted for their expertness in diving and swimming under water. The common loon, or great northern diver (Urinator imber, or Colymbus torquatus), and the red-throated loon or diver (U. Septentrionalis), are the best known species. Se …

Looney, Joseph
<person> U.S. Biochemist, *1896. ... See: Folin-Looney test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loop
1. A fold or doubling of a thread, cord, rope, etc, through which another thread, cord, etc, can be passed, or which a hook can be hooked into; an eye, as of metal; a staple; a noose; a bight. 'That the probation bear no hinge, nor loop To hang a doubt on.' (Shak) ... 2. A small, narrow opening; a loophole. 'And stop all sight-holes, every loop from …

loop bioreactors
Bioreactors in which the fermenting material is cycled between a bulk tank and a smaller tank or loop of pipes. The circulation helps mix the materials and ensures that gas injected into the fermenter is well distributed. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

loop diuretic
A class of diuretic agents (e.g., furosemide, ethacrynic acid) that act by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium and chloride, not only in the proximal and distal tubules but also in Henle's loop. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loop excision
A diagnostic and therapeutic gynecological surgical technique for removing dysplastic cells from the cervix. ... In this office procedure conducted with the aid of colposcopy, a small wire loop is used to excise visible patches of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Like cauterization, cryosurgery, and CO2 laser procedures, loop excision can be done …

loop of henle
A u-shaped turn in the medullary portion of a renal tubule, with a descending limb from the proximal convoluted tubule and an ascending limb to the distal convoluted tubule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

loop of hypoglossal nerve
Synonym for ansa cervicalis ... A loop in the cervical plexus consisting of fibres from the first three cervical nerves. Fibres from a loop between the C-1 and C-2 spinal nerves accompany the hypoglossal nerve for a short distance, leaving it as the superior root of the ansa cervicalis. Fibres from a loop between the C-2 and C-3 spinal nerves form t …

loop resection
Synonym for loop excision ... A diagnostic and therapeutic gynecological surgical technique for removing dysplastic cells from the cervix. ... In this office procedure conducted with the aid of colposcopy, a small wire loop is used to excise visible patches of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Like cauterization, cryosurgery, and CO2 laser procedur …

looping
<chemistry> The running together of the matter of an ore into a mass, when the ore is only heated for calcination. ... Origin: Cf. D. Loopen to run. Cf. Loop a mass of iron, Leap. ... Of Loop. ... <zoology> Looping snail, any species of land snail of the genus Truncatella; so called because it creeps like the measuring worms. ... Source: We …

loops of spinal nerves
Loops of the spinal nerves, connecting ventral primary rami of the spinal nerves. ... Synonym: ansae nervorum spinalium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loose
1. Unbound; untied; unsewed; not attached, fastened, fixed, or confined; as, the loose sheets of a book. 'Her hair, nor loose, nor tied in formal plat.' (Shak) ... 2. Free from constraint or obligation; not bound by duty, habit, etc.; with from or of. 'Now I stand Loose of my vow; but who knows Cato's thoughts ?' (Addison) ... 3. Not tight or close; …

loose associations
A manifestation of a thought disorder whereby the patient's responses do not relate to the interviewer's questions or one paragraph, sentence, or phrase is not logically connected to those that occur before or after. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loose body
A solid tissue fragment lying free in a body cavity, especially in a joint or the peritoneal cavity; e.g., joint mice, melon-seed body, rice body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loose cartilage
Synonym for floating cartilage ... A loose piece of cartilage within a joint cavity, detached from the articular cartilage or from a meniscus. ... Synonym: loose cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loose skin
Synonym for cutis laxa ... A group of connective tissue diseases in which skin hangs in loose pendulous folds. It is believed to be associated with decreased elastic tissue formation as well as an abnormality in elastin formation. Cutis laxa is usually a genetic disease, but acquired cases have been reported. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

loosen
1. To make loose; to free from tightness, tension, firmness, or fixedness; to make less dense or compact; as, to loosen a string, or a knot; to loosen a rock in the earth. 'After a year's rooting, then shaking doth the tree good by loosening of the earth.' (Bacon) ... 2. To free from restraint; to set at liberty. 'It loosens his hands, and assists h …

loosening of association
A manifestation of a severe thought disorder characterised by the lack of an obvious connection between one thought or phrase and the next, or with the response to a question. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loosening of associations
A loss of the normal logical connections between one thought and the next, thus the schizophrenic speech is vague, rambling, disjointed or nonsensical. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Looser, Emil
<person> Swiss physician, 1877-1936. ... See: Looser's zones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Looser's lines
Radiolucent bands in the cortex of a bone; usually indicates osteomalacia. ... Synonym: Looser's zones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Looser's zones
Synonym for Looser's lines ... Radiolucent bands in the cortex of a bone; usually indicates osteomalacia. ... Synonym: Looser's zones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loosestrife
<botany> The name of several species of plants of the genus Lysimachia, having small star-shaped flowers, usually of a yellow colour. ... Any species of the genus Lythrum, having purple, or, in some species, crimson flowers. False loosestrife, a plant of the genus Ludwigia, which includes several species, most of which are found in the United …

lop
1. To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything; to sho by cutting off the extremities; to cut off, or remove as superfluous parts; as, to lop a tree or its branches. 'With branches lopped, in wood or mountain felled.' 'Expunge the whole, or lop the excrescent parts.' (Pope) ... 2. To cut partly off and bend down; as, to lop bushes in a hedge.< …

lop-ear
Congenital deformity of the external ear, with poor development of helix and anthelix. ... Synonym: bat ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loperamide
<chemical> 4-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-n.n-dimethyl-alpha,alpha-diphenyl-1-piperidine butyramide hydrochloride. Synthetic anti-diarrhoeal agent with a long duration of action; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonise histamine and interfere with acetyl …

loperamide hydrochloride
4-(p-Chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-a,alpha-diphenyl-1-piperidinebutyramide monohydrochloride;an antiperistaltic agent used to treat diarrhoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lophiomys
<zoology> A very singular rodent (Lophiomys Imhausi) of Northeastern Africa. It is the only known representative of a special family (Lophiomyidae), remarkable for the structure of the skull. It has handlike feet, and the hair is peculiar in structure and arrangement. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. Lofia a mane, bristly ridge + my^s a mouse. ... Sourc …

lophodont
Having the crowns of the molar teeth formed in transverse or longitudinal crests or ridges, in contrast to bunodont. ... Origin: G. Lophos, ridge, + odous, tooth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lophophora williamsii
The botanical origin of peyote (mescal button); it contains over a dozen alkaloids, of which mescaline is the most important; others are pellotine, anhalomine, anhalonidine, anhalamine, anhalinine, anhalidine, and lophophorine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lophosteon
<anatomy, ornithology> The central keel-bearing part of the sternum in birds. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

lophotrichate
Synonym for lophotrichous ... Having a tuft of polar flagella. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lophotrichous
Having a tuft of polar flagella. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lopremone
Former name for protirelin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lorain
Paul, French physician, 1827-1875. ... See: Lorain's disease, Lorain-Levi dwarfism, Lorain-Levi infantilism, Lorain-Levi syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lorain-Levi dwarfism
Synonym for pituitary dwarfism ... Short stature due to underpreformance of the pituitary gland (specifically of the anterior pituitary). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Lorain-Levi infantilism
Synonym for pituitary dwarfism ... Short stature due to underpreformance of the pituitary gland (specifically of the anterior pituitary). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Lorain-Levi syndrome
Synonym for pituitary dwarfism ... Short stature due to underpreformance of the pituitary gland (specifically of the anterior pituitary). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Lorain's disease
Synonym for idiopathic infantilism ... Dwarfism generally associated with hypogonadism; may be caused by deficient secretion of anterior pituitary hormones. ... Synonym: Lorain's disease, proportionate infantilism, universal infantilism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

loratadine
<chemical> A second-generation histamine h1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness. ... Pharmacological action: anti-allergic agents, antipruritics, histamine h1 antagonists. ... Chemical name: 1-Pipe …

lorate
Of leaves, strap-shaped (moderately long with the two margins parallel). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lorazepam
This prescription drug is used to treat severe anxiety. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lorcainide
An antiarrhythmic agent used for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias; much like a cardiac depressant (antiarrhythmic). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lord
1. One who has power and authority; a master; a ruler; a governor; a prince; a proprietor, as of a manor. 'But now I was the lord Of this fair mansion.' (Shak) 'Man over men He made not lord.' (Milton) ... 2. A titled nobleman, whether a peer of the realm or not; a bishop, as a member of the House of Lords; by courtesy; the son of a duke or marquis, …

lordoscoliosis
Combined backward and lateral curvature of the spine. ... Origin: G. Lordos, bent back, + skoliosis, crookedness, fr. Skolios, bent, aslant ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lordosis
Accentuation of the lumbar curvature of the spine. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

lordosis reflex
Adoption of a copulatory posture when touched on the back; exhibited by female animals of certain species but only during the time of estrus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lordotic
Pertaining to or marked by lordosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lordotic albuminuria
So-called on the theory that the albuminuria results from pressure due to lordosis in the lumbar spine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lordotic pelvis
A deformed pelvis associated with lordosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lordship
1. The state or condition of being a lord; hence (with his or your), a title applied to a lord (except an archbishop or duke, who is called Grace) or a judge (in Great Britain), etc. ... 2. Seigniory; domain; the territory over which a lord holds jurisdiction; a manor. 'What lands and lordships for their owner know My quondam barber.' (Dryden) ... 3. …

lorentz force
<physics> Total electromagnetic force on a charged particle moving in electric & magnetic fields. F = q(E + (v/c)xB). ... See: force, cross product, charge, velocity, and relevant variable symbols. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lorentz gas
<radiobiology> Plasma model in which the electrons are assumed not to interact with each other, but only with ions (Z to infinity) and where the ions are assumed to remain at rest/fixed (M-i to infinity). ... Synonym: electron gas. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

lorentz ionisation
<physics> Ionisation of neutral atoms (taken generally at a highly-excited state) obtained by launching them at high velocity across a strong magnetic field. The neutral atoms feel an electric field proportional to their perpendicular velocity times the magnetic field strength, and if this electric field is strong enough ionisation can occur. …

Lorenz
Adolf, Austrian surgeon, 1854-1946. ... See: Lorenz' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lorenz' sign
<clinical sign> An obsolete sign: stiffness of the thoracic spine in early pulmonary tuberculosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lorica
Shell or test secreted by a protozoan, often vase shaped. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lorikeet
<zoology> Any one numerous species of small brush-tongued parrots or lories, found mostly in Australia, new Guinea and the adjacent islands, with some forms in the East Indies. They are arboreal in their habits and feed largely upon the honey of flowers. They belong to Trichoglossus, Loriculus, and several allied genera. ... Source: Websters D …

loris
<zoology> Any one of several species of small lemurs of the genus Stenops. They have long, slender limbs and large eyes, and are arboreal in their habits. The slender loris (S. Gracilis), of Ceylon, in one of the best known species. ... Alternative forms: lori. ... Origin: Loris, or lori, the indigenous East Indian name. ... Source: Websters Dic …

lorisidae
A family of primates of the suborder strepsirhini containing six genera. The family is distributed in parts of africa, india, asia, and the philippines. The six genera are: arctocebus (golden potto), galago (bush babies), loris (slender loris), nycticebus (slow loris), and perodicticus (potto). Lorises and pottos are relatively common except for ar …

lory
Origin: Hind. & Malay. Luri, nuri. ... <zoology> Any one of many species of small parrots of the family Trichoglossidae, generally having the tongue papillose at the tip, and the mandibles straighter and less toothed than in common parrots. They are found in the East Indies, Australia, new Guinea, and the adjacent islands. They feed mostly …