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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

lipohemia
An obsolete term for lipaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoic acid
<biochemistry> 1,2 dithiolane 3 valeric acid. Regarded as a coenzyme in the oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex of the citric acid cycle. Involved generally in oxidative decarboxylations of _ keto acids. A growth factor for some organisms. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipoid
1. Resembling fat. ... 2. Former term for lipid. ... Synonym: adipoid. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Eidos, appearance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoid granuloma
Granuloma characterised by aggregates or accumulations of fairly large mononuclear phagocytes that contain lipid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoid nephrosis
<nephrology> A disorder of the kidneys which largely affects the glomerulus, the blood filtering structure. This disorder is one common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children affecting 2 to 3 children per 100,000 population under age 16 in the us. Minimal change disease is also seen rarely in adults. ... The cause is unknown but may be relate …

lipoid proteinosis
<disease> A familial disease occurring in the course of latent diabetes, marked by yellowish nodules due to deposits of a protein-lipid complex on the oral tongue and sublingual and faucial areas, translucent keratotic papillomatous eyelid lesions, keratotic lesions on the extremities, and hoarseness. ... It is due to a disturbance of lipid me …

lipoid theory of narcosis
That narcotic efficiency parallels the coefficient of partition between oil and water, and that lipoids in the cell and on the cell membrane absorb the drug because of this affinity. ... Synonym: Meyer-Overton theory of narcosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoidemia
Synonym for lipaemia ... <biochemistry> Presence of an abnormally high amount of lipid in the bloodstream. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipoidosis
A disturbance of lipid metabolism with abnormal deposit of lipids in the cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipoidosis corneae
Synonym for arcus cornealis ... An opaque, grayish ring at the periphery of the cornea just within the sclerocorneal junction, of frequent occurrence in the aged; it results from a deposit of fatty granules in, or hyaline degeneration of, the lamellae and cells of the cornea. ... Synonym: anterior embryotoxon, arcus adiposus, arcus juvenilis, arcus l …

lipoidosis cutis et mucosae
Synonym for lipoid proteinosis ... <disease> A familial disease occurring in the course of latent diabetes, marked by yellowish nodules due to deposits of a protein-lipid complex on the oral tongue and sublingual and faucial areas, translucent keratotic papillomatous eyelid lesions, keratotic lesions on the extremities, and hoarseness. ... It i …

lipolipoidosis
Fatty infiltration, both neutral fats and anisotropic lipoids being present in the cells. ... See: liposis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipolysis
<biochemistry> The breakdown of fat. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

lipolytic
Relating to or causing lipolysis. ... Synonym: lipoclastic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma
<oncology, tumour> Clumps of fat cells. Literally, fat cancer. These are benign tumours that can form in the breast. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

lipoma annulare colli
An encircling growth of lipoma (or coalescent lipoma's) in the neck, resulting in a collar-like enlargement. ... See: Madelung's neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma arborescens
An irregularly shaped lipoma involving the synovial membrane of a joint, resulting in fingerlike or treelike hyperplastic folds in the villi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma capsulare
A well-circumscribed mass resulting from a greatly increased amount of adipose tissue adjacent to the breast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma cavernosum
Synonym for angiolipoma ... A benign neoplasm composed of a mixture of adipose tissue and blood vessels. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipoma fibrosum
Synonym for fibrolipoma ... <tumour> A lipoma with an abundant stroma of fibrous tissue. ... Synonym: lipoma fibrosum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma myxomatodes
Synonym for myxolipoma ... <tumour> A benign neoplasm of adipose tissue in which portions of the tumour resemble mucoid mesenchymal tissue. ... Synonym: lipoma myxomatodes, myxoma lipomatosum. ... Origin: myxo-+ G. Lipos, fat, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma ossificans
A lipoma in which metaplasia occurs and small foci of bone are formed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma petrificans
A lipoma in which degeneration and necrosis results in a considerable amount of dystrophic calcification. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoma sarcomatodes
Synonym for liposarcoma ... A malignant tumour derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (liposarcoma, myxoid), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposa …

lipomatoid
Resembling a lipoma, frequently said of accumulations of adipose tissue that is not thought to be neoplastic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomatosis
A condition characterised by abnormal localised, or tumour-like, accumulations of fat in the tissues. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipomatosis neurotica
Synonym for adiposis dolorosa ... <disease> A disease accompanied by painful localised fatty swellings and by various nerve lesions. It is usually seen in women and may cause death from pulmonary complications. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipomatosis, multiple symmetrical
Multiple circumscribed or encapsulated lipomas which may be distributed symmetrically or haphazardly or which may form a collar around the neck. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipomatous
Pertaining to or manifesting the features of lipoma, or characterised by the presence of a lipoma (or lipomas). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomatous hypertrophy
Synonym for lipomatous infiltration ... Nonencapsulated adipose tissue forming a lipoma-like mass, usually in the cardiac interatrial septum where it may cause arrhythmia and sudden death. ... Synonym: lipomatous hypertrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomatous infiltration
Nonencapsulated adipose tissue forming a lipoma-like mass, usually in the cardiac interatrial septum where it may cause arrhythmia and sudden death. ... Synonym: lipomatous hypertrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomatous polyp
A polyp consisting chiefly of adipose tissue, lipoma that bulges from the surface or is attached by means of a stalk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomelanic reticulosis
Synonym for dermatopathic lymphadenopathy ... Enlargement of lymph nodes, with proliferation of pale-staining interdigitating reticulum cells and macrophages containing fat and melanin; secondary to various forms of dermatitis. ... Synonym: dermatopathic lymphadenitis, lipomelanic reticulosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomeningocele
An intraspinal cauda equinal lipoma associated with a spina bifida. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Meninx, membrane, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipomodulin
The name originally given to lipocortin from neutrophils. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipomucopolysaccharidosis
Synonym for mucolipidosis I ... <biochemistry> Mucolipidosis somewhat like a mild form of Hurler's syndrome with mild dysostosis multiplex, and moderate mental retardation due to neuraminidase deficiency. ... Inheritance: autosomal recessive. ... Synonym: lipomucopolysaccharidosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liponucleoproteins
Associations or complexes containing lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Liponyssus
Former name for Ornithonyssus. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Nysso, to prick ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipopenia
An abnormally small amount, or a deficiency, of lipids in the body. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Penia, poverty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipopenic
1. Relating to or characterised by lipopenia. ... 2. An agent or drug that produces a reduction in the concentration of lipids in the blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipopeptide
A compound or complex of lipid and amino acids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophage
A cell that ingests fat. ... Origin: G. Lipos, fat, + phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophagia
Synonym for lipophagy ... Ingestion of fat by a lipophage. ... Synonym: lipophagia. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Phagein, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophagia granulomatosis
An obsolete term for Whipple's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophagic
Relating to lipophagy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophagic granuloma
A lesion formed as a result of the inflammatory reaction provoked by foci of necrosis in subcutaneous fat, as in certain types of traumatic injury; the central focus of necrotic material is surrounded by an irregular zone of numerous macrophages, many of which become laden with tiny globules of lipid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophagy
Ingestion of fat by a lipophage. ... Synonym: lipophagia. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Phagein, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophanerosis
A change in certain cells whereby previously invisible fat becomes demonstrable as small sudanophilic droplets. ... See: fatty degeneration. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Phaneros, visible, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophil
A substance with lipophilic (hydrophobic) properties. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Philos, fond of ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipophilic
Having an affinity for fat, pertaining to or characterised by lipophilia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipophorin
<protein> A family of high density lipoproteins (6-700 kD) from insect haemolymph, that transport diacyl glycerols. The molecule comprises heavy (250 kD) and light (85 kD) subunits, the remainder of the molecular weight being accounted for by the high lipid content (40-50%, depending on insect species). Lipophorin forms large aggregates durin …

lipophosphodiesterase I
Synonym for phospholipase c ... <enzyme> An enzyme found in the alpha-toxin of clostridium welchii and other strains of clostridia and bacilli. It hydrolyzes glycerophosphatidates with the formation of 1,2-diacylglycerol and a phosphorylated nitrogenous base such as choline. ... Chemical name: Phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase ... Regi …

lipophosphodiesterase II
Synonym for phospholipase d ... <enzyme> An enzyme found mostly in plant tissue. It hydrolyzes glycerophosphatidates with the formation of a phosphatidic acid and a nitrogenous base such as choline. This enzyme also catalyses transphosphatidylation reactions. ... Chemical name: Phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.1 …

lipopolysaccharide
<biochemistry> The major constituents of the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. Highly immunogenic and stimulates the production of endogenous pyrogen interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipopolysaccharides
Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: lipid a, core polysaccharide, and o-specific chains (o antigens). When derived from escherichia …

lipoprotein
<biochemistry> An important class of serum proteins in which a spherical hydrophobic core of triglycerides or cholesterol esters surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. ... Classified according to density: chylomicrons, large low density particles, very low density, low density and high density …

lipoprotein electrophoresis
Electrophoretic separation of plasma lipoproteins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoprotein lipase
<enzyme> An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyses the reaction of triacylglycerol and water to yield diacylglycerol and a fatty acid anion. The enzyme hydrolyzes triacylglycerols in chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and diacylglycerols. It occurs on capillary endothelial surfaces, especially in mamm …

lipoprotein Lp(a)
A lipoprotein composed of an LDL particle combined with an additional protein, Lp(a) specific protein; elevated levels have been identified as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoprotein polymorphism
Heritable variations in low density beta-lipoproteins; the variant lipoproteins exhibit different antigenic and chemical properties when compared with normal lipoproteins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoprotein-x
An abnormal lipoprotein which is present in large amounts in individuals suffering from obstructive liver diseases. It exists as a bilayer vesicle of equimolar phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol containing small amounts of plasma proteins (mainly albumin) in its internal aqueous compartment together with some apolipoproteins adsorbed on its …

lipoprotein(a)
A family of lipoprotein particles varying in density and size depending on the protein-lipid ratio and the protein composition. These particles consist of apolipoprotein b-100 covalently linked to apolipoprotein-a by one or two disulfide bonds. There is a correlation between high plasma levels of this lipoprotein and increased risk for atherosclero …

lipoproteins
Any of the lipid-protein complexes in which lipids are transported in the blood. Lipoprotein particles consist of a spherical hydrophobic core of triglycerides or cholesteryl esters surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipoproteins, hdl
A class of lipoproteins frequently divided into hdl2 and hdl3 and the minor variant hdl1. Hdl promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile. Synthesised by the liver as discoid 'nascent hdl' particles lacking a lipid core, they accumulate a core of cholesterol esters during reverse cholesterol tran …

lipoproteins, hdl cholesterol
Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high density lipoproteins (hdl). High density lipoproteins transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver thereby acting as a scavenger to prevent excess accumulation and deposition of cholesterol in blood vessels. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipoproteins, ldl
A class of lipoproteins responsible for transport of cholesterol to extrahepatic tissues. They are formed in the circulation when very-low-density lipoproteins are degraded first to intermediate-density lipoproteins and then to ldl by the gain and loss of specific apolipoproteins and the loss of most of their triglycerides. Ldl are taken up and cat …

lipoproteins, ldl cholesterol
Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to low density lipoproteins (ldl). Ldl transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues and regulate de novo cholesterol synthesis at these sites. Atherosclerosis is caused by the deposit of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels, because of high concentrations of ldl cholesterol in plasma. ... (12 Dec 1998)< …

lipoproteins, vldl
A class of lipoproteins that transport triglycerides from the intestine and liver to adipose and muscle tissues. Synthesised by the liver, they contain primarily triglycerides in their lipid cores, with some cholesterol esters. As their triglycerides are cleaved by endothelial lipoprotein lipase and transferred to hepatic tissues, the vldl (very-lo …

lipoproteins, vldl cholesterol
Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to very low density lipoproteins (vldl). High concentrations of vldl cholesterol are found in type IIb and type v hyperlipoproteinaemia. The end product of vldl cholesterol catabolism is ldl (low density lipoproteins). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liposarcoma
A malignant tumour derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells. It may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid (liposarcoma, myxoid), round-celled, or pleomorphic, usually in association with a rich network of capillaries. Recurrences are common and dedifferentiated liposarcomas metastasize to the l …

liposarcoma, myxoid
A liposarcoma containing myxomatous tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liposis
Synonym: adiposis. ... 2. Fatty infiltration, neutral fats being present in the cells. ... See: lipolipoidosis. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipositol
A member of the vitamin B complex necessary for growth of yeast and of mice, absence from the diet causes hair loss and dermatitis in mice. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

liposoluble
Fat-soluble. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liposome
<biochemistry> A spherical particle in an aqueous medium, formed by a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous compartment. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

liposomes
Synthetic, relatively uniform bilayer lipid membrane-bound vesicles formed by emulsification of cell membranes in dilute salt solutions. Liposomes are being developed as an approach for drug delivery in which relatively toxic drugs, e.g., amphotericin b, doxorubicin, and pentavalent antimony, are 'wrapped' inside a liposome and tagged with an organ …

liposuction
<procedure, surgery> Removal of body fat from the contours of the body via a suction device. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

liposuctioning
Removal of fat by high vacuum pressure; used in body contouring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoteichoic acid
<biochemistry> Compounds formed from teichoic acid linked to glycolipid and found in the walls of most gram-positive bacteria. The lipoteichoic acid of streptococci may function as an adhesin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipothiamide pyrophosphate
Name once given to the coenzymes of the multi-enzyme complex catalyzing the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate and involving lipoamide and thiamin pyrophosphate, on the assumption that they were a single compound. ... See: lipoic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipotrophic
Relating to lipotrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipotrophy
An increase of fat in the body. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipotropic
1. Pertaining to substances preventing or correcting excessive fat deposits in liver such as occurs in choline deficiency. ... 2. Relating to lipotropy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipotropic agents
Endogenous factors or drugs that act on fat metabolism by hastening the removal of or decreasing the deposit of fat in the liver. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipotropic factor
Synonym for choline ... <biochemistry> Esterified in the head group of phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin) and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Otherwise a biological source of methyl groups. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipotropic hormone
Synonym for lipotropin ... <protein> Polypeptide hormone (_ form: 9894D, 91 residues, _ form has only residues 1-58 of _) from the pituitary hypophysis, that is of particular interest because it is the precursor of endorphins, which are released by proteolysis. Promotes lipolysis and acts through the adenylyl cyclase system. Part of the ACTH g …

lipotropin
<protein> Polypeptide hormone (_ form: 9894D, 91 residues, _ form has only residues 1-58 of _) from the pituitary hypophysis, that is of particular interest because it is the precursor of endorphins, which are released by proteolysis. Promotes lipolysis and acts through the adenylyl cyclase system. Part of the ACTH group of hormones. ... (18 N …

lipotropy
1. Affinity of basic dyes for fatty tissue. ... 2. Prevention of accumulation of fat in the liver. ... 3. Affinity of nonpolar substances for each other. ... Origin: Lipo-+ G. Trope, turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipovaccine
A vaccine having a vegetable oil as a solvent. ... See: adjuvant vaccine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipovitellin
Synonym for vitellin ... <protein> most abundant protein in egg yolk. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipoxenous
Pertaining to lipoxeny. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoxeny
Desertion of the host by a parasite when the development of the latter is complete. ... Origin: G. Leipo, to leave, + xenos, host ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoxidase
Synonym for lipoxygenase ... <enzyme> Enzyme that catalyses the oxidative conversion of arachidonic acid to the hydroxyeicosenoic acid (HETE) structure in the synthesis of leucotrienes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipoxin 6,7-dihydroreductase
<enzyme> From potatoes; generates 6,7-dihydrolipoxin b4 from incubation with 15-hpete ... Registry number: EC 1.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

lipoxin A4 synthase
<enzyme> An aspect of platelet 12-lipoxygenase ... Registry number: EC 1.13.11.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

lipoxin B4 synthase
<enzyme> An aspect of platelet 12-lipoxygenase ... Registry number: EC 1.13.11.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

lipoxygenase
<enzyme> Enzyme that catalyses the oxidative conversion of arachidonic acid to the hydroxyeicosenoic acid (HETE) structure in the synthesis of leucotrienes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lipoxygenase inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with lipoxygenase and thereby prevent its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of the eicosanoid products hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and various leukotrienes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lipoyl
The acyl radical of lipoic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lipoyl dehydrogenase
Synonym for dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase ... <enzyme> An enzyme oxidizing dihydrolipoamide at the expense of NAD+; completes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate; a part of several enzyme complexes (e.g., alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex). Decreased activity leads to neuronal loss in brain resulting in psychomotor retardation.< …