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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

lithium citrate
Li3C6H5O7-4H2O;a diuretic and antirheumatic, also used in the treatment of manic psychosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithium compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain lithium as an integral part of the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lithium tungstate
Used in electron microscopy as a negative stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litho-
<prefix> Prefix meaning stone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Lithobius
A genus of centipedes characterised by 15 pairs of legs. Species common in the U.S. Include Lithobius multidentatus and Lithobius forficatus. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Bios, life ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithocholic acid
<chemical> 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 beta-cholanic acid. Bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilise fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic. ... Pharmacological action: cholagogues and choleretics. ... Chemical …

lithocholic acid 6 beta-hydroxylase
<enzyme> Converts lithocholic acid to murideoxycholic acid, uses NADPH ... Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- ... Synonym: cyp 3a10 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

lithochromatics
lithochromics ...

lithodomus
<zoology> A genus of elongated bivalve shells, allied to the mussels, and remarkable for their ability to bore holes for shelter, in solid limestone, shells, etc. ... Synonym: Lithophagus. ... These holes are at first very small and shallow, but are enlarged with the growth of the shell, sometimes becoming two or three inches deep and nearly an …

lithogenesis
Formation of calculi. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithogenic
Promoting the formation of calculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithogenous
Calculus-forming. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithographic
Synonym for lithographical ... Of or pertaining to lithography; made by lithography; as, the lithographic art; a lithographic picture. ... <chemical> Lithographic limestone, a compact, fine-grained limestone, obtained largely from the Lias and Oolite, especially. Of Bavaria, and extensively used in lithography. Lithographically. ... Origin: Cf. …

lithographical
Of or pertaining to lithography; made by lithography; as, the lithographic art; a lithographic picture. ... <chemical> Lithographic limestone, a compact, fine-grained limestone, obtained largely from the Lias and Oolite, especially. Of Bavaria, and extensively used in lithography. Lithographically. ... Origin: Cf. F. Lithographique. ... Source: …

lithography
The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main, upon the antipathy between grease and water, which prevents a printing ink containing oil from adhering to wetted parts of the stone not covered by the design. See Lithographic limesto …

lithoid
Resembling a calculus or stone. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithokelyphopedion
A lithopedion in which the foetal parts in contact with the surrounding membranes, as well as the membranes, are calcified. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Kelyphos, husk, shell, + paidion, child ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithokelyphos
A type of lithopedion in which the foetal membranes alone undergo calcification. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Kelyphos, rind, shell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litholabe
An obsolete instrument for holding a bladder calculus during its removal. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Lambano, labein, to grasp ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litholapaxy
The operation of crushing a stone in the bladder and washing out the fragments through a catheter. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Lapaxis, an emptying out ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litholysis
The dissolution of urinary calculi. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litholyte
An instrument for injecting calculary solvents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litholytic
1. Tending to dissolve calculi. ... 2. An agent having such properties. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithomyl
An instrument for pulverizing a stone in the bladder. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Myle, mill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithonephritis
Interstitial nephritis associated with calculus formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithopedion
Lithopedium ... A retained foetus, usually extrauterine, which has become calcified. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Paidion, small child ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithophyte
A plant that grows on the surface of unweathered rock. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lithotomist
A person skilled in lithotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithotomy position
A supine position with buttocks at the end of the operating table, the hips and knees being fully flexed with feet strapped in position. ... Synonym: dorsosacral position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithotresis
The boring of holes in a calculus to facilitate its crushing. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Tresis, a boring ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithotripsy
Known as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, this procedure uses sound waves delivered inside a water bath to pulverize kidney stones painlessly inside the body. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

lithotripsy, laser
Fragmentation of calculi, notably urinary or biliary, by laser. It is usually performed with an endoscopically guided pulsed tunable dye laser, a combination of a pulsed laser and a dye laser usually referred to as a pulsed dye laser. It is both safe and effective when extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is infeasible or unsuccessful. ... (12 Dec 1 …

lithotriptic
1. Relating to lithotripsy. ... 2. An agent that effects the dissolution of a calculus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithotriptoscopy
Crushing of a stone in the bladder under direct vision by use of a lithotriptoscope. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Tribo, to rub, crush, + skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithotrite
<instrument> A mechanical instrument used to crush a urinary calculus in lithotripsy. ... Origin: Litho-+ L. Tero, pp. Tritus, to rub ... (24 Mar 2004) ...

lithotroph
<cell biology> Cell or organism that depends upon inorganic compounds as electron donors for energy production. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lithuresis
<urology> The passage of gravel in the urine. ... Origin: Litho-+ G. Ouresis, urination ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lithuria
<nephrology, urology> Excretion of uric acid or urates in large amount in the urine. ... Origin: Lithic (acid) + G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

litigious paranoia
paranoia querulans ...

litmus
<chemistry> A dyestuff extracted from certain lichens (Roccella tinctoria, Lecanora tartarea, etc), as a blue amorphous mass which consists of a compound of the alkaline carbonates with certain colouring matters related to orcin and orcein. ... Litmus is used as a dye, and being turned red by acids and restored to its blue colour by alkalies, …

litorin
<protein> A peptide that mimics bombesin in its mitogenic effects and has a carboxy terminal octapeptide in common with bombesin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

litter
The undecomposed plant and animal material found on the forest floor. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

litter size
<veterinary> The number of offspring produced at one birth by an animal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

little
1. Small in size or extent; not big; diminutive; opposed to big or large; as, a little body; a little animal; a little piece of ground; a little hill; a little distance; a little child. 'He sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature.' (Luke xix. 3) ... 2. Short in duration; brief; as, a little sleep …

little finger
<anatomy> The little or fifth finger. ... Synonym: digitus minimus, digitus quintus, digitus auricularis, fifth finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

little fossa of the cochlear window
Synonym for fossula fenestrae cochleae ... A depression on the medial wall of the middle ear which has the fenestra cochleae (round window) in its lower portion. ... Synonym: fossula rotunda, little fossa of the cochlear window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

little head of humerus
Synonym for capitulum of humerus ... The small rounded eminence on the lateral half of the distal end of the humerus for articulation with the radius. ... Synonym: capitulum humeri, capitellum, little head of humerus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

little leaguer's elbow
<radiology> Avulsion fracture of medial epicondyle see also: elbow fractures, elbow ossification centres ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Little, James
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1836-1885. ... See: Little's area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Little, William
<person> English surgeon, 1810-1894. ... See: Little's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Little's area
Synonym for Kiesselbach's area ... An area on the anterior portion of the nasal septum rich in capillaries (Kiesselbach's plexus) and often the seat of epistaxis. ... Synonym: Little's area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Little's disease
Synonym for spastic diplegia ... A type of cerebral palsy in which there is bilateral spasticity, with the lower extremities more severely affected. ... Compare: flaccid paralysis. ... Synonym: Erb-Charcot disease, infantile diplegia, Little's disease, spastic spinal paralysis, tabes spasmodica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

littoral cell
The cell's lining the lymphatic sinuses of lymph nodes and the blood sinuses of bone marrow. ... Synonym: lining cell. ... Origin: L. Littoralis, the seashore ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

littoral water
<ecology> Shallow water, to 30 feet, near the shore of deep lakes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

littorina
<marine biology> A genus of small pectinibranch mollusks, having thick spiral shells, abundant between tides on nearly all rocky seacoasts. They feed on seaweeds. The common periwinkle is a well-known example. See Periwinkle. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

Littre, Alexis
<person> French anatomist, 1658-1726. ... See: Littre's glands, Littre's hernia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Littre's glands
Synonym for glands of the male urethra ... Numerous mucous glands in the wall of the penile urethra. ... Synonym: glandulae urethrales masculinae, Littre's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Littre's hernia
Hernia of Meckel's diverticulum. ... See: parietal hernia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

littritis
An obsolete term for inflammation of Littre's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lituus
1. A curved staff used by the augurs in quartering the heavens. An instrument of martial music; a kind of trumpet of a somewhat curved form and shrill note. ... 2. <mathematics> A spiral whose polar equation is r^2<theta/ = a; that is, a curve the square of whose radius vector varies inversely as the angle which the radius vector makes with …

Litzmann obliquity
<obstetrics> Inclination of the foetal head so that the biparietal diameter is oblique in relation to the plane of the pelvic brim, the posterior parietal bone presenting to the parturient canal. ... Synonym: posterior asynclitism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Litzmann, Karl
<person> German gynecologist, 1815-1890. ... See: Litzmann obliquity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

live
1. To be alive; to have life; to have, as an animal or a plant, the capacity of assimilating matter as food, and to be dependent on such assimilation for a continuance of existence; as, animals and plants that live to a great age are long in reaching maturity. 'Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; Behold, I will . . . Lay sinews upon you, and …

live bottom
A material storage bin or truck with a floor which incorporates a device for removing or unloading the material contained in the bin. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

live oral poliovirus vaccine
Synonym for poliovirus vaccines ... Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), an aqueous suspension of inactivated strains of poliomyelitis virus (types 1, 2, and 3) used by injection; has largely been replaced by the oral vaccine. ... See: Salk vaccine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

live vaccine
Vaccine prepared from living, attenuated organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

live vaccines
Vaccines containing living organisms or intact viruses. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

livebirth
<obstetrics> The birth of an infant who shows evidence of life after birth. ... See: liveborn infant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liveborn infant
<obstetrics> The product of a livebirth; an infant who shows evidence of life after birth. ... Life is considered to be present after birth if any one of the following is observed: 1) if the infant breathes; 2) if the infant shows beating of the heart; 3) if pulsation of the umbilical cord occurs; or 4) if there is definite movement of volunta …

livedo
<dermatology> A discoloured spot or patch on the skin, commonly due to passive congestion, commonly used alone to refer to livedo reticularis. ... (24 Mar 2004) ...

livedo racemosa
Synonym for livedo reticularis ... <dermatology> A persistent purplish network-patterned discoloration of the skin caused by dilation of capillaries and venules due to stasis or changes in underlying blood vessels including hyalinisation; rarely appears as a developmental defect. ... Synonym: angiitis livedo reticularis, dermatopathia pigmentos …

livedo reticularis
<dermatology> A persistent purplish network-patterned discoloration of the skin caused by dilation of capillaries and venules due to stasis or changes in underlying blood vessels including hyalinisation; rarely appears as a developmental defect. ... Synonym: angiitis livedo reticularis, dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis, livedo racemosa. …

livedo reticularis idiopathica
<dermatology> An extensive and permanent form of livedo reticularis; in rare instances associated with central arterial disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

livedo reticularis symptomatica
<dermatology> A discoloration or mottling of the skin due to some demonstrable cause, such as seen in erythema ab igne, and in certain tuberculids. ... See: cutis marmorata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

livedo telangiectatica
<dermatology> A permanent mottling of the skin due to an anomaly, probably congenital, of the cutaneous capillaries; a form of livedo reticularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

livedo vasculitis
<dermatology> Hyaline degeneration of the walls of small dermal blood vessels with occlusion seen with cryoglobulinaemia or in atrophie blanche. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

livedoid
<dermatology> Pertaining to or resembling livedo reticularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

livedoid dermatitis
<dermatology> A reddish blue mottled condition of the skin due to affection of the cutaneous vascular apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liveliness
1. The quality or state of being lively or animated; sprightliness; vivacity; animation; spirit; as, the liveliness of youth, contrasted with the gravity of age. ... 2. An appearance of life, animation, or spirit; as, the liveliness of the eye or the countenance in a portrait. ... 3. Briskness; activity; effervescence, as of liquors. ... Synonym: Spri …

lively
1. Endowed with or manifesting life; living. 'Chaplets of gold and silver resembling lively flowers and leaves.' (Holland) ... 2. Brisk; vivacious; active; as, a lively youth. 'But wherefore comes old Manoa in such haste, With youthful steps ? Much livelier than erewhile He seems.' (Milton) ... 3. Gay; airy; animated; spirited. 'From grave to gay, fr …

liver abscess
<hepatology> A condition where there is a pus-filled cavity in the liver secondary to a bacterial infection. ... Liver abscess may result from sepsis, intestinal perforation, post-operative infection, appendicitis, diverticulitis, trauma (to the liver) or cholangitis. ... Other nonbacterial causes of liver abscess include amoebiasis, due to inf …

liver abscess, amebic
Liver abscess caused by entamoeba histolytica. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver acinus
<anatomy> The smallest functional unit of the liver, comprising all of the liver parenchyma supplied by a terminal branch of the portal vein and hepatic artery; typically involves segments of two lobules lying between two terminal hepatic venules. ... Synonym: Rappaport's acinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liver anatomy
<radiology> Main lobar fissure: plane connecting gall bladder bed and IVC (Cantlie line), middle hepatic vein runs here, divides right and left lobes, right hepatic vein: divides anterior and posterior segments of the, right lobe, falciform ligament: divides medial and lateral segments of the left lobe, contains ligmentum teres, caudate lobe: …

liver breath
Synonym for fetor hepaticus ... A peculiar odour to the breath in persons with severe liver disease; caused by volatile aromatic substances that accumulate in the blood and urine due to defective hepatic metabolism. ... Synonym: liver breath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liver bud
The primordial cellular diverticulum of the embryonic foregut endoderm that gives rise to the parenchyma of the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liver calcifications
<radiology> TB / histoplasmosis, chronic granulomatous disease of childhood (CGD), echinococcal (hydatid) cyst, portal vein thrombosis, metastatic adenocarcinoma, giant haemangioma, hepatoblastoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver cancer
<oncology, tumour> A tumour of the liver. most cancer involving the liver is spread (metastatic) from other areas (colon, breast or lung). ... See: hepatoma. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

liver cell
Usually implies hepatocytes, even though other cell types are found in the liver Kupffer cells for example). Hepatocytes are relatively unspecialised epithelial cells and are the biochemist's typical animal cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

liver cell carcinoma
Synonym for malignant hepatoma ... <tumour> A carcinoma derived from parenchymal cells of the liver. ... Synonym: hepatocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cell carcinoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

liver circulation
The circulation of blood through the vessels of the liver. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver cirrhosis, alcoholic
Liver cirrhosis in alcoholics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver cirrhosis, biliary
Liver cirrhosis in which there is interference with intrahepatic bile flow. It includes primary biliary cirrhosis, an intrahepatic disturbance of bile secretion affecting predominantly middle-aged women and with segmental destruction and, later, absence of septal bile ducts (cirrhosis is the end stage); and secondary biliary cirrhosis, which is pro …

liver cyst
<radiology> Simple cyst, polycystic liver disease (50% most likely to be renal cysts), abscess (pyogenic, amebic, hydatid), traumatic haematoma, Caroli disease, cystic hepatoblastoma, cystadenoma / cystadenocarcinoma, haemangioendothelioma, cystic metastasis (uncommon): sarcoma, melanoma, ovarian cystadenocarcinoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver diet
A special diet for those with liver disease should be low in protein and higher in carbohydrates. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

liver diseases, alcoholic
Liver diseases associated with alcoholism. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, but may be the general entity when subentities are not specified. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver diseases, parasitic
Infections of the liver with a parasite. They are caused most commonly by trematodes (flukes). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

liver enzyme
<biochemistry> Special proteins found in the cells of the liver that are responsible for catalysing specific metabolic reactions. They may become elevated in the bloodstream in conditions of hepatitis or liver cancer. ... See: liver function tests. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

liver extracts
<chemical> Extracts of liver tissue containing uncharacterised specific factors with specific activities; a soluble thermostable fraction of mammalian liver is used in the treatment of pernicious anaemia. ... Pharmacological action: haematinics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...