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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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fructose intoleranceAn autosomal recessive fructose metabolism disorder due to deficient fructose-1-phosphate aldolase (ec 2.1.2.13) activity, resulting in accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate. The accumulated fructose-1-phosphate inhibits glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, causing severe hypoglycaemia following ingestion of fructose. Prolonged fructose ingestion in …
fructose metabolism, inborn errorsInherited abnormalities of fructose metabolism, which include three known autosomal recessive types: hepatic fructokinase deficiency (essential fructosuria), hereditary fructose intolerance, and hereditary fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency. Essential fructosuria is a benign asymptomatic metabolic disorder caused by deficiency in fructokinase, l …
fructose permease<chemical> Fructose-specific enzyme II of phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system in e. Coli ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
fructose-1,6-diphosphate reductase<enzyme> From bovine lens; reduces fructose-1,6-diphosphate to sorbitol-1,6-diphosphate in presence of NADH; 3 isoenzymes which copurify with lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... Synonym: fdp reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
fructose-bisphosphatase<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of d-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and water to d-fructose 6-phosphate and orthophosphate. ... Chemical name: D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.11 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
fructose-bisphosphate aldolase<enzyme> An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyses the cleavage of fructose 1,6-biphosphate to form dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. The enzyme also acts on (3s,4r)-ketose 1-phosphates. The yeast and bacterial enzymes are zinc proteins. (enzyme nomenclature, 1992) e.c. 4.1.2.13. ... Chemical name: D-Fructose-1,6-bip …
fructose-diphosphate aldolaseSynonym for fructose-bisphosphate aldolase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyses the cleavage of fructose 1,6-biphosphate to form dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. The enzyme also acts on (3s,4r)-ketose 1-phosphates. The yeast and bacterial enzymes are zinc proteins. (enzyme nomenclature, 1992) e.c. …
fructosediphosphatesDiphosphoric acid esters of fructose. The fructose-1,6- diphosphate isomer is most prevalent. It is an important intermediate in the glycolysis process. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
fructosideFructose in -C-O-linkage where the -C-O-group is the original 2 group of the fructose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fructosuriaExcretion of fructose in the urine. ... Synonym: levulosuria. ... Origin: fructose + G. Ouron, urine ... Essential fructosuria, a benign, asymptomatic inborn error of metabolism due to deficiency of fructokinase, the first enzyme in the specific fructose pathway; fructose appears in the blood and urine, but is simply excreted unchanged; autosomal rece …
fructosyl lysine oxidase<enzyme> Isolated from fusarium oxysporum; mw 50 kD; catalyses the h2o2-producing deglycating oxidation of n(alpha/epsilon)-fructosyl-n(alpha/epsilon) )-z-lysine ... Registry number: EC 1.4.3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
fructosyl-Chemical prefix indicating fructose in -C-R-(not -C-O-R-) linkage through its carbon-2 (R usually C). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fructuronate reductase<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible oxidation of mannonate to fructuronate in the presence of NAD. Also reduces d-tagaturonate to d-altronate. ... Chemical name: D-Mannonate:NAD+ 5-oxidoreductase ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.57 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
frugal1. Economical in the use or appropriation of resources; not wasteful or lavish; wise in the expenditure or application of force, materials, time, etc.; characterised by frugality; sparing; economical; saving; as, a frugal housekeeper; frugal of time. 'I oft admire How Nature, wise and frugal, could commit Such disproportions.' (Milton) ... 2. Obtain …
fruit<plant biology> The seed-bearing structure in angiosperms formed from the ovary after flowering. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
fruit sugarD-fructose. ... See: fructose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fruiting body<microbiology, plant biology> A macroscopic reproductive structure produced by some fungi (for example, mushrooms) and some bacteria (for example, myxobacteria). Fruiting bodies are distinct in size, shape, and colouration for each species. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...
fruitionUse or possession of anything, especially such as is accompanied with pleasure or satisfaction; pleasure derived from possession or use. 'Capacity of fruition.' Rogers. 'Godlike fruition.' Milton. 'Where I may have fruition of her love.' (Shak) ... Origin: OF. Fruition, L. Fruitio, enjoyment, fr. L. Frui, p. P. Fruitus, to use or enjoy. See Fruit.
fruitless
1. Lacking, or not bearing, fruit; barren; destitute of offspring; as, a fruitless tree or shrub; a fruitless marriage. ... 2. Productive of no advantage or good effect; vain; idle; useless; unprofitable; as, a fruitless attempt; a fruitless controversy. 'They in mutual accusation spent The fruitless hours.' (Milton) ... Synonym: Useless, barren, unp …
frusemide
<drug> Potent diuretic that increases the excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride ions and inhibits their resorption in the proximal and distal renal tubules. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...
frustration
The motivational and/or affective state resulting from being blocked, thwarted, disappointed or defeated. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
frustration tolerance
The level of an individual's ability to withstand frustration without developing inadequate modes of response, such as 'going to pieces' emotionally. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
frustration-aggression hypothesis
The theory that frustration may lead to aggression, but that aggression is always the result of some form of frustration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
frutescent
<plant biology> Becoming shrub-like (woody). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
fruticose
<botany> Shrub-like. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
fry
<marine biology> Life stage of trout and salmon between full absorption of the yolk-sac and a somewhat arbitrarily defined fingerling or parr stage, which generally is reached by the end of the first summer. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
FSH
Synonym for follicle-stimulating hormone ... <hormone> An acidic glycoprotein secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. In women, follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates the development of ovarian follicles (eggs) and stimulates the release of oestrogens. In men, follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates the production of sperm. ... Abnormal foll …
FSH-RF
Synonym for follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing factor ... folliberin ...
FSH-RH
Synonym for follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone ... folliberin ...
ft
Abbreviation for foot, a measure of length. For example, 6 ft. Is 1.83 meters. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
FTA-ABS
<abbreviation> Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption. ... See: fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
FTA-ABS test
Synonym for fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test ... <investigation> A sensitive and specific serologic test for syphilis. It is more specific than the VDRL assay. ... The patient's serum is diluted to remove non-specific antibodies and then mixed on a glass slide with Nichol's strain of Treponema pallidum. If antibodies are present …
FTI
<abbreviation> ... 1. free thyroxine index. ... 2. farnesyltransferase inhibitor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ftiction
1. The act of rubbing the surface of one body against that of another; attrition; in hygiene, the act of rubbing the body with the hand, with flannel, or with a brush etc, to excite the skin to healthy action. ... 2. <mechanics> The resistance which a body meets with from the surface on which it moves. It may be resistance to sliding motion, o …
ftsZ
<molecular biology> Filamentous temperature sensitive gene from E. Coli, the product of which is a novel GTP-binding protein (43 kD) that may be involved in signalling. The protein has GTPase activity and is widely distributed in bacterial species. Nature 359: 251 ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
ftuitful
Full of fruit; producing fruit abundantly; bearing results; prolific; fertile; liberal; bountiful; as, a fruitful tree, or season, or soil; a fruitful wife. Fruit'fully, Fruit'fulness, 'Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth.' (Gen. I. 28) '[Nature] By disburdening grows More fruitful.' (Milton) 'The great fruitfulness of the poet's fancy …
Fuc
Synonym for fucose ... <biochemistry> L fucose (6 deoxy L galactose) is found as a constituent of N glycan chains of glycoproteins, it is the only common L form of sugar involved. D fucose is usually encountered as a synthetic galactose analogue. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
Fuchs, Ernst
<person> Austrian ophthalmologist, 1851-1930. ... See: Fuchs' adenoma, angle of Fuchs, Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis, Fuchs' coloboma, Fuchs' epithelial dystrophy, Fuchs' black spot, Fuchs' spur, Fuchs' stomas, Fuchs' syndrome, Fuchs' uveitis, Dalen-Fuchs nodules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Fuchs' adenoma
<tumour> A benign epithelial tumour of the non-pigmented epithelium of the ciliary body, rarely exceeding 1 mm in diameter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Fuchs' black spot
An area of pigment proliferation in the macular region in degenerative myopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Fuchs' coloboma
A congenital inferior crescent on the choroid at the edge of the optic disk; not associated with myopia. ... Synonym: congenital conus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchs' endothelial dystrophy
Disorder caused by loss of endothelium of the central cornea. It is characterised by hyaline endothelial outgrowths on descemet's membrane, epithelial blisters, reduced vision, and pain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Fuchs' epithelial dystrophy
Epithelial oedema secondary to endothelial dystrophy of the cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis
Synonym for Fuchs' syndrome ... <syndrome> A syndrome characterised by heterochromia of the iris, iridocyclitis, keratic precipitates, and cataract. ... Synonym: Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Fuchs' syndrome
<syndrome> A syndrome characterised by heterochromia of the iris, iridocyclitis, keratic precipitates, and cataract. ... Synonym: Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Fuchs' uveitis
Synonym for heterochromic uveitis ... Anterior uveitis and depigmentation of the iris. ... Synonym: Fuchs' uveitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsin
A non-specific term referring to any of several red rosanilin dyes used as stains in histology and bacteriology. ... Origin: Leonhard Fuchs, German botantist, 1501-1506 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsin agar
Synonym for Endo's fuchsin agar ... Nutrient agar containing lactose, alcoholic solution of fuchsin, sodium sulfite, and soda solution, used as a culture medium to differentiate Salmonella typhi from coliform bacteria. ... Synonym: fuchsin agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsin bodies
Synonym for Russell bodies ... Small, discrete, variably sized, spherical, intracytoplasmic, acidophilic, hyaline body's that stain deeply with fuchsin; they occur frequently in plasma cells in chronic inflammation, where they are believed to consist of gamma-globulin. ... Synonym: fuchsin bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsine
<chemistry> Aniline red; an artificial coal-tar dyestuff, of a metallic green colour superficially, resembling cantharides, but when dissolved forming a brilliant dark red. It consists of a hydrochloride or acetate of rosaniline. See Rosaniline. ... Origin: Named by the French inventor, from Fuchs a fox, the German equivalent of his own name, …
fuchsinophil
1. Staining readily with fuchsin dyes. ... Synonym: fuchsinophilic. ... 2. A cell or histologic element that stains readily with fuchsin. ... Origin: fuchsin + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsinophil cell
A cell with a special affinity for fuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsinophil granule
A granule that has an affinity for fuchsin. ... Synonym: Altmann's granule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsinophil reaction
The property possessed by certain elements, when stained with acid fuchsin, of retaining the stain when treated with picric acid alcohol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsinophilia
The property of staining readily with fuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuchsinophilic
Synonym for fuchsinophil ... 1. Staining readily with fuchsin dyes. ... Synonym: fuchsinophilic. ... 2. A cell or histologic element that stains readily with fuchsin. ... Origin: fuchsin + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fucoid
<botany> Properly, belonging to an order of alga: (Fucoideae) which are blackish in colour, and produce oospores which are not fertilized until they have escaped from the conceptacle. The common rockweeds and the gulfweed (Sargassum) are fucoid in character. ... In a vague sense, resembling seaweeds, or of the nature of seaweeds. ... Origin: Fu …
fucose
<biochemistry> L fucose (6 deoxy L galactose) is found as a constituent of N glycan chains of glycoproteins, it is the only common L form of sugar involved. D fucose is usually encountered as a synthetic galactose analogue. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
fucosidase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an alpha l-fucoside to yield an alcohol and l-fucose. Deficiency of this enzyme can cause alpha-fucosidosis. ... Chemical name: alpha-L-Fucoside fucohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.51 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
fucosidosis
An autosomally recessive inherited metabolic disorder in which deficiency of alpha-1-fucosidase activity results in accumulation of fucose-containing sphingolipids, glycoproteins, and mucopolysaccharides in lysosomes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
fucosterol epoxide lyase
<enzyme> Insect enzyme converts fucosterol epoxide to desmosterol plus (presumably) acetaldehyde ... Registry number: EC 4.1.2.- ... Synonym: fucosterol 24,28-epoxide lyase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
fucosyl transferase
<enzyme> An enzyme catalysing the transfer of fucosyl residues from the nucleotide sugar GDP fucose. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
fucosyltransferases
<enzyme> Enzymes catalyzing the transfer of fucose from a nucleoside diphosphate fucose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate, a glycoprotein, or a glycolipid molecule. Elevated activity of some fucosyltransferases in human serum may serve as an indicator of malignancy. ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- ... (12 Dec 1998 …
fucoxanthin
<chemical> Carotenoid pigment of certain brown algae (Phaeophyta) and bacteria: absorbs at 500-580 nm. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
FUDR
<abbreviation> Fluorodeoxyuridine. ... See: floxuridine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuel
1. Any matter used to produce heat by burning; that which feeds fire; combustible matter used for fires, as wood, coal, peat, etc. ... 2. Anything that serves to feed or increase passion or excitement. Artificial fuel, fuel consisting of small particles, as coal dust, sawdust, etc, consolidated into lumps or blocks. ... Origin: OF. Fouail, fuail, or …
fuel cell
A device that converts the energy of a fuel directly to electricity and heat, without combustion. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
fuel cycle
The series of steps required to produce electricity. The fuel cycle includes mining or otherwise acquiring the raw fuel source, processing and cleaning the fuel, transport, electricity generation, waste management and plant decommissioning. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
fuel handling system
A system for unloading wood fuel from vans or trucks, transporting the fuel to a storage pile or bin, and conveying the fuel from storage to the boiler or other energy conversion equipment. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
fuel oils
Complex petroleum hydrocarbons consisting mainly of residues from crude oil distillation. These liquid products include heating oils, stove oils, and furnace oils and are burned to generate energy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
fuel-cell furnace
A variation of the Dutch oven design, that usually incorporates a primary and secondary combustion chamber (cell). The primary chamber is a vertical refractory-lined cylinder with a grate at the bottom in which combustion is partially completed. Combustion is completed in the secondary chamber. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
fugacious
Falling or withering away very early. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
fugacity
The tendency of the molecules in a fluid, as a result of all forces acting on them, to leave a given site in the body; the escaping tendency of a fluid, as in diffusion, evaporation, etc. ... Origin: L. Fuga, flight ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fugitive
1. Fleeing from pursuit, danger, restraint, etc, escaping, from service, duty etc.; as, a fugitive solder; a fugitive slave; a fugitive debtor. 'The fugitive Parthians follow.' (Shak) 'Can a fugitive daughter enjoy herself while her parents are in tear?' (Richardson) 'A libellous pamphlet of a fugitive physician.' (Sir H. Wotton) ... 2. Not fixed; n …
fugitive swelling
Synonym for loiasis ... A parasitic infection caused by the nematode loa loa. The vector in the transmission of this infection is the horsefly (tabanus) or the deerfly or mango fly (chrysops). The larvae may be seen just beneath the skin or passing through the conjunctiva. Eye lesions are not uncommon. The disease is generally mild and painless. ... …
fugitive wart
A transitory wart; one that does not persist. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fugu poison
A poison in the roe and other parts of various species of Diodon, Triodon, and Tetradon, fishes of eastern Asiatic waters. ... Synonym: fish poison. ... Origin: Jap. Fugu, a poisonous fish ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fugue
A condition in which an individual suddenly abandons a present activity or lifestyle and starts a new and different one for a period of time, often in a different city; afterward, the individual alleges amnesia for events occurring during the fugue period, although earlier events are remembered and habits and skills are usually unaffected. ... Origi …
fugutoxin
The potent poison derived from the ovaries and skin of the Pacific pufferfish. ... See: tetrodotoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fulcrum
Origin: L, bedpost, fr. Fulcire to prop. ... 1. A prop or support. ... 2. <mechanics> That by which a lever is sustained, or about which it turns in lifting or moving a body. ... 3. <botany> An accessory organ such as a tendril, stipule, spine, and the like. ... 4. <entomology, zoology> The horny inferior surface of the lingua of cert …
fulcrum line
An imaginary line around which a removable partial denture tends to rotate. ... Synonym: rotational axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fulgurant
Sharp and piercing. ... Compare: fulminant. ... Synonym: fulgurating. ... Origin: L. Fulgur, flashing lightning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fulgurating migraine
Migraine characterised by its abrupt commencement and the severity of the episode. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
full
Quite; to the same degree; without abatement or diminution; with the whole force or effect; thoroughly; completely; exactly; entirely. 'The pawn I proffer shall be full as good.' (Dryden) 'The diapason closing full in man.' (Dryden) 'Full in the center of the sacred wood.' (Addison) ... Full is placed before adjectives and adverbs to heighten or str …
Full Blood Count
<haematology, investigation> The determination of the proper number of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are present in the patients blood. ... Acronym: FBC ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
full breech presentation
The thighs may be flexed on the abdomen and the legs upon the thighs, in footling presentation foot presentation the feet may be the lowest part; in incomplete foot presentation, incomplete knee presentation, one leg may retain the position which is typical of one of the above-mentioned presentations, while the other foot or knee may present. ... Sy …
full denture
Synonym for complete denture ... A dental prosthesis which is a substitute for the lost natural dentition and associated structures of the maxillae or mandible. ... Synonym: full denture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
full liquid diet
A diet consisting only of liquids but including cream soups, ice cream, and milk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
full orthodontic treatment
<dentistry> Getting braces ... (08 Jan 1998) ...
full-thickness burn
Synonym for third degree burn ... A burn involving destruction of the entire skin; deep third-degree burns extend into subcutaneous fat, muscle, or bone and often cause much scarring. ... Synonym: full-thickness burn. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
full-thickness flap
A flap of the full thickness of mucosa and submucosa or of skin and subcutaneous tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
full-thickness graft
A graft of the full thickness of mucosa and submucosa or of skin and subcutaneous tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fuller's earth
An amorphous variety of kaolin of varying composition, containing an aluminum magnesium silicate. The name is derived from an ancient process of cleansing or 'fulling' wool to remove the oil and dirt particles with a water slurry of earth or clay. ... A refined clay sometimes used as a dusting powder or applied moistened with water as a form of poul …
fullerene
<chemistry> One of a class of hollow, cagelike compounds composed of carbon atoms arranged in patterns of hexagons and pentagons which are shaped like spheres or cylinders. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
fulmar
<ornithology> One of several species of sea birds, of the family procellariidae, allied to the albatrosses and petrels. Among the well-known species are the arctic fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) (called also fulmar petrel, malduck, and mollemock), and the giant fulmar (Ossifraga gigantea). ... Origin: Icel. Fulmar. See foul, and Man a gull. ... So …
fulmiaic
<chemistry> Pertaining to fulmination; detonating; specifically, pertaining to, derived from, or denoting, an acid, so called; as, fulminic acid. ... <chemistry> Fulminic acid, a complex acid, H2C2N2O2, isomeric with cyanic and cyanuric acids, and not known in the free state, but forming a large class of highly explosive salts, the fulmi …
fulminant
Occurring suddenly, with lightning-like rapidity, and with great intensity or severity; applied to certain pains, e.g., those of tabes dorsalis. ... Compare: fulgurant. ... Origin: L. Fulmino, pp. -atus, to hurl lightning, fr. Fulmen, lightning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
fulminant hepatitis
<gastroenterology, pathology> A severe and rapidly progressive form of hepatitis accompanied by hepatocellular death and the signs and symptoms of hepatic failure. May be a complication of hepatitis B, hepatitis C or hepatitis D. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...
fulminant hyperpyrexia
Synonym for malignant hyperthermia ... A severe form of fever that occurs as a reaction to certain anaesthetic agents and muscle relaxants. Malignant hyperthermia is an inherited autosomal dominant condition. ... Inheritance: autosomal dominant. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
fulminating dysentery
Synonym for malignant dysentery ... Dysentery in which the symptoms are intensely acute, leading to prostration, collapse, and often death. ... Synonym: fulminating dysentery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
