Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

fragmin
<protein> An actin binding protein (42 kD) from Physarum polycephalum, that has calcium sensitive severing and capping properties. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

fragrant
Origin: L. Fragrans. -antis, p.pr. Of fragrare to emit a smell of fragrance: cf. OF. Fragrant. Affecting the olfactory nerves agreeably; sweet of smell; odourous; having or emitting an agreeable perfume. 'Fragrant the fertile earth After soft showers.' (Milton) ... Synonym: Sweet-smelling, odourous, odouriferous, swetacented, redolent, ambrosial, ba …

frail elderly
Older adults or aged individuals who are lacking in general strength and are unusually susceptible to disease or to other infirmity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

frailty
Origin: OE. Frelete, freilte, OF. Frailete, fr. L. Fragilitas. See Frail, and cf. Fragility. ... 1. The condition quality of being frail, physically, mentally, or morally, frailness; infirmity; weakness of resolution; liableness to be deceived or seduced. 'God knows our frailty, [and] pities our weakness.' (Locke) ... 2. A fault proceeding from weakn …

Fraley syndrome
<syndrome> Dilation of the upper pole renal calices due to stenosis of the upper infundibulum, usually caused by compression from vessels supplying the upper and middle segments of the kidney. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraley, Elwin
<person> U.S. Urologist, *1934. ... See: Fraley syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frambesia tropica
Synonym: yaws. ... Origin: Fr. Framboise, raspberry ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frambesiform
Resembling the lesion of frambesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frambesiform syphilid
Synonym for rupial syphilid ... Lesions that appear granulomatous and crusted, resembling those of yaws. ... Synonym: frambesiform syphilid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frambesioma
Synonym: mother yaw. ... Origin: frambesia + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frame
1. To construct by fitting and uniting the several parts of the skeleton of any structure; specifically, in woodwork, to put together by cutting parts of one member to fit parts of another. See Dovetail, Halve, v. T, Miter, Tenon, Tooth, Tusk, Scarf, and Splice. ... 2. To originate; to plan; to devise; to contrive; to compose; in a bad sense, to inv …

frameshift
<molecular biology> A shift in the reading frame used to translate the base sequence of DNA or mRNA. It is caused by the addition or deletion of one or more of the bases, resulting in an alternative peptide being formed. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

frameshift mutagen
<molecular biology> A mutagen, such as an acridine derivative, that causes a frameshift mutation; codons (base triplets) are read out of phase and different amino acids are made. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frameshift mutation
<molecular biology> A type of mutation that results from insertion or deletion of a single nucleotide into, or from, an open reading frame in the normal DNA sequence. ... Normally, the genetic code is read in the wrong frame, three nucleotides at a time, and the entire sequence downstream of the mutation, is translated into a polypeptide with …

frameshifting, ribosomal
A directed change in translational reading frame that allows the production of a single protein from two or more overlapping genes. The process is programmed by the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA and is sometimes also affected by the secondary or tertiary mRNA structure. It has been described mainly in viruses (especially retroviruses), retrotrans …

framework
<dentistry> The skeletal prosthesis (usually metal) around which and to which are attached the remaining portions of the prosthesis to produce the finished appliance (partial denture). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Framingham Heart study
<epidemiology> Ongoing epidemiologic study of a cohort of over 5,000 of the population of Framingham, MA conducted since 1949 under the auspices of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

framycetin
<chemical> A component of neomycin that is produced by streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine b. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, aminoglycoside. ... Chemical name: D-Streptamine, O-2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-(O-2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl-(1-3)-beta-D-ribofuran …

Franceschetti
Adolphe, Swiss ophthalmologist, 1896-1968. ... See: Franceschetti's syndrome, Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome
Synonym for Naegeli syndrome ... <syndrome> Reticular skin pigmentation, diminished sweating, hypodontia, and hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles; may be confused with incontinentia pigmenti but is as common in males as in females; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Synonym: Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Franceschetti's syndrome
<syndrome> Mandibulofacial dysostosis, when complete or nearly complete. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

franchise
1. Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty. ... 2. A particular privilege conferred by grant from a sovereign or a government, and vested in individuals; an imunity or exemption from ordinary jurisdiction; a constitutional or statutory right or privilege, especially. The right to vote. 'Election by universal suffrage, as modified b …

Francis Aston
Synonym for Aston, Francis William ... <person, radiobiology> Physicist at Cambridge University who invented the mass spectrometer in 1919, a device which could measure the mass of individual atoms. This device led to his discovery that the helium nucleus was less massive than the two hydrogen nuclei which could have formed it (implying that t …

Francis Crick
Synonym for Crick, Francis ... <person> An English biologist born in 1916 who was one of three people to win the Nobel Prize in 1962 for the category of physiology or medicine. He and James Watson, an American biochemist and alumnus of Indiana University, discovered the double-stranded helix structure of the DNA molecule and built the Watson-C …

francis turbine
A water-powered turbine used to transform water falling vertically to mechanical (rotating) energy. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

franciscan
Belonging to the Order of St. Francis of the Franciscans. Franciscan Brothers, pious laymen who devote themselves to useful works, such as manual labour schools, and other educational institutions; called also Brothers of the Third Order of St. Francis. Franciscan Nuns, nuns who follow the rule of t. Francis, especially. Those of the Second Order o …

francisella
An organism frequently found in natural waters. It can be parasitic on man, other mammals, birds, and arthropods. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Francisella novicida
A species pathogenic for white mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters but not known to infect human beings. It produces lesions in experimental animals similar to those found in tularaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

francisella tularensis
The aetiologic agent of tularaemia in man and other warm-blooded animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

francium
<chemical> Francium. A radioactive alkali metal with the atomic symbol fr, atomic number 87, and atomic weight 223. The mass numbers of other known isotopes are 204-213, 217-222, and 224. Its valence is +1. ... Chemical name: Francium ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Francke, Karl
<person> German physician, 1859-1920. ... See: Francke's needle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Francke's needle
A small lancet-shaped spring-activated needle, used to evacuate a small effusion of blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frangula
The bark of Rhamnus frangula (family Rhamnaceae); a laxative or cathartic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frangulic acid
Synonym: emodin. ... Origin: see frangula ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

frank
1. <ethnology> A member of one of the German tribes that in the fifth century overran and conquered Gaul, and established the kingdom of France. ... 2. A native or inhabitant of Western Europe; a European; a term used in the Levant. ... 3. A French coin. See Franc. ... Origin: Cf. F. Franc. See Frank. ... <zoology> The common heron; so call …

Frank-Starling curve
Synonym for Starling's curve ... A graph in which cardiac output or stroke volume is plotted against mean atrial or ventricular end-diastolic pressure; with increasing venous return and atrial pressure the output proportionately increases until further increments overload the heart and the output falls. ... Synonym: Frank-Starling curve. ... (05 Mar 2 …

Frank, Otto
<person> German physiologist, 1865-1944. ... See: Frank-Starling curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frankenhauser, Ferdinand
<person> German gynecologist, 1832-1894. ... See: Frankenhauser's ganglion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frankenhauser's ganglion
Synonym for uterovaginal plexus ... A gangliated autonomic plexus on each side of the cervix of the uterus, derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus. ... Synonym: plexus uterovaginalis, Frankenhauser's ganglion, Lee's ganglion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frankfort
More specifically see: Frankfort horizontal plane, Frankfort-mandibular incisor angle. ... Origin: Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frankfort horizontal plane
Synonym for orbitomeatal plane ... A standard craniometric reference plane passing through the right and left porion and the left orbitale; drawn on the profile radiograph or photograph from the superior margin of the acoustic meatus to the orbitale. ... Synonym: auriculo-infraorbital plane, eye-ear plane, Frankfort horizontal plane, Frankfort plane, …

Frankfort plane
Synonym for orbitomeatal plane ... A standard craniometric reference plane passing through the right and left porion and the left orbitale; drawn on the profile radiograph or photograph from the superior margin of the acoustic meatus to the orbitale. ... Synonym: auriculo-infraorbital plane, eye-ear plane, Frankfort horizontal plane, Frankfort plane, …

Frankfort-mandibular incisor angle
Synonym for facial angle ... Any of several variously named and variously defined anatomical angle's that have been used to quantify facial protrusion, in dentistry, the angle formed by the intersection of the orbitomeatal (Frankfort) plane with the nasion-pogonion line (inner lower angle), which establishes the anteroposterior relation of the mandi …

Frankia
<organism> Genus of actinomycetes capable of nitrogen fixation, both independently and in symbiotic association with roots of certain nonleguminous plants, notably alder. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

frankincense
A fragrant, aromatic resin, or gum resin, burned as an incense in religious rites or for medicinal fumigation. The best kinds now come from East Indian trees, of the genus Boswellia; a commoner sort, from the Norway spruce (Abies excelsa) and other coniferous trees. The frankincense of the ancient Jews is still unidentified. ... Origin: OF. Franc fr …

Franklin spectacles
An early form of bifocal spectacles in which the lower half of the lens is for near vision, the upper half for distant vision. ... Synonym: divided spectacles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Franklin, Benjamin
<person> U.S. Physicist and statesman, 1706-1790. ... See: franklinic, Franklin spectacles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Franklin, Edward
<person> U.S. Physician, *1928. ... See: Franklin's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Franklin's disease
gamma-heavy-chain disease ...

franklinic taste
A metallic or sour taste produced by the application of static electricity to the tongue. ... Synonym: voltaic taste. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frantzel's murmur
A murmur of mitral stenosis when louder at its beginning and end than in its midportion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraser-Lendrum stain
<technique> For fibrin, a multistaining procedure after Zenker's fixative in which fibrin, keratin, and some cytoplasmic granules appear red, erythrocytes appear orange, and collagen appears green. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraser, Alexander
<person> Canadian pathologist, 1869-1939. ... See: Fraser-Lendrum stain for fibrin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraser, G
<person> 20th century British geneticist. ... See: Fraser's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraser's syndrome
<syndrome> An association of cryptophthalmus with multiple anomalies, including middle and outer ear malformations, cleft palate, laryngeal deformity, displacement of umbilicus and nipples, digital malformations, separation of symphysis pubis, maldevelopment of kidneys, and masculinization of genitalia in females; autosomal recessive inherita …

frass
<ecology, entomology> Debris or excrement in water, produced by insects. ... (30 Mar 1998) ...

fraternal twins
Fraternal twins are siblings who have shared a common uterine environment. They are due to fertilization of two different ova by different sperm. Fraternal twins are also called dizygotic twins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fraternity
Origin: F. Fraternite, L. Fraternitas. ... 1. The state or quality of being fraternal or brotherly; brotherhood. ... 2. A body of men associated for their common interest, business, or pleasure; a company; a brotherhood; a society; in the Roman Catholic Chucrch, an association for special religious purposes, for relieving the sick and destitute, etc. …

fraud
Exploitation through misrepresentation of the facts or concealment of the purposes of the exploiter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Fraumeni, Joseph F Jr
<person> 20th century epidemiologist. ... See: Li-Fraumeni cancer syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraunhofer, Joseph von
<person> German optician, 1787-1826. ... See: Fraunhofer's lines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fraunhofer's lines
A number of the most prominent of the absorption line's of the solar spectrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frazier-Spiller operation
Synonym for trigeminal rhizotomy ... <procedure> Division or section of a sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve, accomplished through a subtemporal (Frazier-Spiller operation), suboccipital (Dandy operation), or transtentorial approach. ... Synonym: retrogasserian neurectomy, retrogasserian neurotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frazier, Charles
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1870-1936. ... See: Frazier's needle, Frazier-Spiller operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Frazier's needle
A needle for draining lateral ventricles of brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

FRC
Synonym for functional residual capacity ... The volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the residual volume and the expiratory reserve volume. Common abbreviation is frc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

FRCP
<abbreviation> Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians. A suffix determines which college it relates to: ... (UK)

FRCS
<abbreviation> Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (of England). A suffix determines which college it relates to: ... (C)

Frederick Banting
Synonym for Banting, Frederick ... <person> Banting received his medical degree from Toronto and served in the Canadian armed services during the First World War. ... He practiced orthopaedic surgery following the war, but was not too successful because of his disinterest. He asked the Professor of Physiology at the University of Toronto if he …

Frederick Griffith
Synonym for Griffith, Frederick ... <person> A bacteriologist who discovered that if he put pathogenic (disease-causing) pneumococcus bacteria which had been killed by heat in with nonpathogenic pneumococcus bacteria which were alive, then the live, nonpathogenic bacteria would become pathogenic. His work became the groundwork for other scient …

Fredet-Ramstedt operation
Synonym for pyloromyotomy ... <procedure> Longitudinal incision through the anterior wall of the pyloric canal to the level of the submucosa, to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. ... Synonym: Fredet-Ramstedt operation, Ramstedt operation. ... Origin: pyloro-+ G. Mys, muscle, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fredet, Pierre
<person> French surgeon. ... Lived: 1870-1946. ... See: Fredet-Ramstedt operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free
1. Exempt from subjection to the will of others; not under restraint, control, or compulsion; able to follow one's own impulses, desires, or inclinations; determining one's own course of action; not dependent; at liberty. 'That which has the power, or not the power, to operate, is that alone which is or is not free.' (Locke) ... 2. Not under an arbi …

free association
Spontaneous verbalization of whatever comes to mind. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

free bone flap
Portion of cranium removed and detached from overlying soft tissue structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free border
Unattached edge of a sturcture, often opposite the attached edge. ... See: free border of nail, free border of ovary. ... Synonym: margo liber, free margin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free border of nail
The distal border of the nail that overhangs the tip of the digit. ... Synonym: margo liber unguis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free border of ovary
The unattached, posterior margin of the ovary. ... Synonym: margo liber ovarii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free calcium level
<biochemistry> The ionised calcium represents the calcium (Ca++) that is the metabolically active calcium. Normal values for ionised calcium in the bloodstream should be 4.4 to 5.3 mg/dl for adults and 4.4 to 6.0 mg/dl for children. Elevations may be seen in hyperparathyroidism, metastatic bone tumour, milk-alkali syndrome, multiple myeloma, …

free electron
<radiobiology> An electron not bound to an atom, molecule, or other particle via electromagnetic forces. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

free electrophoresis
Electrophoresis of substances placed in a solution in a U-shaped tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free energy
A thermodynamic term used to describe the energy that may be extracted from a system at constant temperature and pressure. In biological systems the most important relationship is: _G = RTln(Keq), where Keq is an equilibrium constant. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

free field
A field (three-dimensional space) in a homogeneous, isotropic medium free from boundaries; in practice, a field in which boundary effects are negligible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free flap
Island flap in which the donor vessels are severed proximally, the flap is transported as a free object to the recipient area, and the flap is revascularised by anastomosing its supplying vessels to vessels there. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free gingiva
That portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth and is not directly attached to the tooth surface; the outer wall of the gingival sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free graft
A graft transplanted without its normal attachments, or a pedicle, from one site to another. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free induction decay
In magnetic resonance imaging, the decay curve that is detected by the radiofrequency coil after the application of an excitation pulse, without additional pulses (free). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free macrophage
An actively motile macrophage typically found in sites of inflammation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free mandibular movements
Any mandibular movement's made without tooth interference, any uninhibited movement's of the mandible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free margin
Synonym for free border ... Unattached edge of a sturcture, often opposite the attached edge. ... See: free border of nail, free border of ovary. ... Synonym: margo liber, free margin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free margin of eyelids
The unattached inferior edge of the upper lid and superior edge of the lower lid, where the anterior (cutaneous) surface of the eyelid meets the posterior (conjunctival) surface of the eyelid. The free margins of the eyelids bound the rima palpebrarum, and each free margin has an anterior and posterior border. ... See: borders of eyelids. ... (05 Mar …

free nerve endings
A form of peripheral ending of sensory nerve fibres in which the terminal filaments end freely in the tissue. ... Synonym: terminationes nervorum liberae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free radical
A chemically active atom or molecular fragment containing a chemical charge due to an excess or deficient number of electrons. Radicals seek to receive or release electrons in order to achieve a more stable configuration, a process that can damage the large molecules within cells. ... See: Oxidation. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

free radical reductase
<enzyme> Catalyses conversion of carbon-centreed lipid radicals into an inactive species by utilizing vitamin e at one end and glutathione at the other ... Registry number: EC 1.8.4.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

free radical scavengers
Substances that influence the course of a chemical reaction by ready combination with free radicals. Among other effects, this combining activity protects pancreatic islets against damage by cytokines and prevents myocardial and pulmonary perfusion injuries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

free tenia
See: teniae coli. ... Synonym: tenia libera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free thyroxine index
An arbitrary value obtained by multiplying the triiodothyronine uptake by the serum thyroxine concentration; it largely corrects for variations in thyroid-bound globulin concentration by providing a clinically valid estimate of the physiologically active free thyroxine; direct assay or laboratory measurement of free serum thyroxine yields a more ac …

free villus
A chorionic villus that is not attached to the decidua basalis, but is 'free' in the maternal blood of the intervillous spaces. ... Synonym: floating villus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free water
Water in the body that can be removed by ultrafiltration and in which substances can be dissolved. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

free water clearance
The amount of water excreted in the urine beyond that which would accompany the excreted solutes if the urine were isosmotic with plasma; it represents the loss of body water in excess of solute tending to raise body osmolality and making urine hyposmotic. Unlike other clearance's, it is calculated by subtracting the osmolal clearance from the actu …