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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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fool1. One destitute of reason, or of the common powers of understanding; an idiot; a natural. ... 2. A person deficient in intellect; one who acts absurdly, or pursues a course contrary to the dictates of wisdom; one without judgment; a simpleton; a dolt. ' Extol not riches, then, the toil of fools.' (Milton) ' Experience keeps a dear school, but fools …
foolahs<ethnology> A peculiar African race of uncertain origin, but distinct from the negro tribes, inhabiting an extensive region of Western Soudan. Their colour is brown or yellowish bronze. They are Mohammedans. Called also Fellatahs, Foulahs, and Fellani. Fulah is also used adjectively; as, Fulah empire, tribes, language. ... Synonym: fulah, fool …
foolfish1. <zoology> The orange filefish. ... 2. The winter flounder. ... (31 Mar 1998) ...
foot1. <anatomy> The terminal part of the leg of man or an animal; especially, the part below the ankle or wrist; that part of an animal upon which it rests when standing, or moves. See Manus, and Pes. ... 2. <marine biology> The muscular locomotive organ of a mollusk. It is a median organ arising from the ventral region of body, often in th …
foot bonesThe bones of the distal portion of the leg in man and animal. In the human, it consists of the tarsal bones, the metatarsal bones, the phalanges (toes), and the tissues encompassing them. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot deformitiesAlterations or deviations from normal shape or size which result in a disfigurement of the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot deformities, acquiredDistortion or disfigurement of the foot, or a part of the foot, acquired through disease or injury after birth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot deformities, congenitalAlterations or deviations from normal shape or size which result in a disfigurement of the foot occurring at or before birth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot dermatosesSkin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot fungusAthlete's foot causes foot itching, burning, pain, and scaling. It is caused by a fungus and is treated with antifungal medications, many of which are available over-the-counter. Keeping the feet dry by using cotton socks and breathable shoes helps prevent athletes foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot injuriesGeneral or unspecified injuries involving the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot of hippocampus<anatomy> The anterior thickened extremity of the hippocampus. ... Synonym: pes hippocampi, digitationes hippocampi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot pluggerA plugger the shape of which resembles a foot, used for condensing gold foil; the working surface may be flat or curved in the heel-toe direction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot processSynonym for pedicel ... <botany> The stalk of a flower. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...
foot rot<veterinary> A disease of the feet of cattle and sheep, marked by decay of the hoof and an offensive discharge. ... It is caused by fusobacterium necrophorum in cattle and bacteroides nodosus in sheep. It is common in wet pastures. ... (12 Sep 2002) ...
foot ulcer<dermatology> Lesion on the surface of the skin of the foot, usually accompanied by inflammation. The lesion may become infected or necrotic and is frequently associated with diabetes or leprosy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foot yaws<dermatology> Yaws of the feet with keratoderma of the palms and soles and ulcer formation. ... Synonym: crab yaws, dumas, tubba, tubbae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot-and-mouth disease<disease> A highly infectious disease of wide distribution and great economic importance, occurring in cattle, swine, sheep, goats and all wild and domestic cloven-footed animals caused by a picornavirus (genus Rhinovirus) and characterised by vesicular eruptions in the mouth, tongue, hoofs, and udder; humans are rarely affected. ... Synonym: …
foot-and-mouth disease virusA picornavirus of the genus Rhinovirus causing foot-and-mouth disease of cattle, swine, sheep, goats, and wild ruminants; it has wide distribution throughout Africa and Asia, causing serious economic losses; the virus is spread by contamination of the animal environment with infected saliva and excreta. ... Synonym: FMD virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot-dropParalysis or weakness of the dorsiflexor muscles of the foot, as a consequence of which the foot falls, the toes dragging on the ground in walking; many causes, both central and peripheral. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot-pound<mechanics> A unit measure of energy expended, or work done, in raising a mass of 1 pound a height of 1 foot vertically against the force of gravity. ... (12 Sep 2002) ...
foot-pound-second<unit> An absolute unit of the foot-pound-second system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot-pound-second system<mechanics> A system of absolute units based on the foot, pound, and second. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foot-poundal<mechanics> A unit measure of energy expended, or work done, when a force of 1 poundal displaces a body 1 foot in the direction of the force. It is equal to about 0.01 calorie. ... (12 Sep 2002) ...
foot, athlete'sA skin infection caused by a fungus called Trichophyton which can thrive and infect the upper layer of the skin when the feet (or other areas of the body) remain moist, warm, and irritated. The fungus can be found on floors and in socks and clothing and can be spread from person to person by contact with these objects. However, without proper growi …
Foot, N<person> 20th century U.S. Pathologist. ... See: Foot's reticulin impregnation stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Foot's reticulin impregnation stain<technique> A silver stain in which reticulin stains black and collagen stains golden brown; sections are floated on the surface of solutions to avoid contamination with silver debris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
footballA competitive team sport played on a rectangular field. This is the american or canadian version of the game and also includes the form known as rugby. It does not include non-north american football (= soccer). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
football calfAn obsolete term used to describe the doughy sensation elicited on palpation of the calf when muscle necrosis has developed as a consequence of acute ischemia produced by acute arterial embolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
football sign<radiology> Large pneumoperitoneum outlining entire abdominal cavity, falciform ligament = cross threads ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
footcandleIllumination or brightness equivalent to 1 lumen per square foot; replaced in the SI system by the candela. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foothill abortionSynonym for epizootic bovine abortion ... An infectious disease of cattle transmitted by the tick Ornithodoros coriaceus and manifested as abortion or weak calves at birth; occurs in the foothills of California, Nevada, and Oregon. ... Synonym: foothill abortion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
footling presentation<obstetrics> There are single-footling or double-footling presentations depending upon whether the presenting part of the baby at delivery is just one foot or both feet. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
footman1. A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier. ... 2. A man in waiting; a male servant whose duties are to attend the door, the carriage, the table, etc. ... 3. Formerly, a servant who ran in front of his master's carriage; a runner. ... 4. A metallic stand with four feet, for keeping anything warm before a fire. ... 5. <zoology> A …
footplateSynonym: base of stapes. ... Synonym: pedicel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
footprinting<molecular biology, technique> A technique used to identify the binding site of, for example: a protein on a nucleic acid sequence. ... The basic principle is to carry out a very limited hydrolysis of the DNA with or without the protein complexed and then to compare the digestion products. If a cleavage site is masked by the bound protein then …
footstalk1. <botany> The stalk of a leaf or of flower; a petiole, pedicel, or reduncle. ... 2. <zoology> The peduncle or stem by which various marine animals are attached, as certain brachiopods and goose barnacles. The stem which supports which supports the eye in decapod Crustacea; eyestalk. ... 3. <machinery> The lower part of a millstone …
foppishFoplike; characteristic of a top in dress or manners; making an ostentatious display of gay clothing; affected in manners. ... Synonym: Finical, spruce, dandyish. ... (31 Mar 1998) ...
forage1. The act of foraging; search for provisions, etc. 'He [the lion] from forage will incline to play.' (Shak) 'One way a band select from forage drives A herd of beeves, fair oxen and fair kine.' (Milton) 'Mawhood completed his forage unmolested.' (Marshall) ... 2. Food of any kind for animals, especially for horses and cattle, as grass, pasture, hay …
forage fish<marine biology> Fish species that as adults are small enough to be prey of larger species, often nongame fish. ... (03 Apr 1998) ...
foraging habitatForest vegetation with the age class, species of trees, structure, sufficient area, and adequate food source to meet the needs of foraging spotted owls. This type of habitat includes nesting habitat, but it also includes younger stands, generally greater than 18' DBH with some of the structural components of nesting habitat. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
foralite<geology> A tubelike marking, occuring in sandstone and other strata. ... Origin: L. Forare to bore. ... (31 Mar 1998) ...
foramen<anatomy> A small opening, perforation, or orifice; a fenestra. ... Foramen of Monro, the opening connecting the sac of the omentum with the general cavity of the peritoneum. ... Origin: L, fr. Forare to bore, pierce. ... (04 Apr 1998) ...
foramen apicis dentisSynonym for apical foramen of tooth ... The opening at the apex of the root of a tooth that gives passage to the nerve and blood vessels. ... Synonym: foramen apicis dentis, apical dental foramen, root foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen bursae omentalis majoris<anatomy, embryology> A foramen produced by two folds of peritoneum, that covering the common/proper hepatic artery on the right and that covering the left gastric artery on the left, which encroach upon and constrict the omental bursa. ... It forms a communication between the superior recess of the lesser sac which lies above it and the remai …
foramen caecum linguaeSynonym for foramen caecum of tongue ... <anatomy> A median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; it is the site of origin of the thyroid gland and subsequent thyroglossal duct in the embryo. ... Synonym: foramen caecum linguae, blind foramen of the tongue, caec …
foramen caecum medullae oblongatae<anatomy> A small triangular depression at the lower boundary of the pons that marks the upper limit of the median fissure of the medulla oblongata. ... Synonym: foramen caecum posterius, Vicq d'Azyr's foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen caecum of frontal bone<anatomy> Blind or caecal foramen of the frontal bone; the blind foramen formed immediately anterior to the crista galli by a notch at the lower end of the frontal crest and its articulation with the ethmoid bone. It is insignificant postnatally, but gives passage to vessels during development. ... Synonym: foramen caecum ossis frontalis, blin …
foramen caecum of tongue<anatomy> A median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; it is the site of origin of the thyroid gland and subsequent thyroglossal duct in the embryo. ... Synonym: foramen caecum linguae, blind foramen of the tongue, caecal foramen of the tongue, Morgagni's for …
foramen caecum ossis frontalisSynonym for foramen caecum of frontal bone ... <anatomy> Blind or caecal foramen of the frontal bone; the blind foramen formed immediately anterior to the crista galli by a notch at the lower end of the frontal crest and its articulation with the ethmoid bone. It is insignificant postnatally, but gives passage to vessels during development. …
foramen caecum posteriusSynonym for foramen caecum medullae oblongatae ... <anatomy> A small triangular depression at the lower boundary of the pons that marks the upper limit of the median fissure of the medulla oblongata. ... Synonym: foramen caecum posterius, Vicq d'Azyr's foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen costotransversariumSynonym for costotransverse foramen ... An opening between the neck of a rib and the transverse process of a vertebra, occupied by the costotransverse ligament. ... Synonym: foramen costotransversarium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen diaphragmatis sellae<anatomy> A hole in the centre of the diaphragm of the sella turcica giving passage to the infundibulum of the hypothalamus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen epiploicum<anatomy> An alternate term for epiploic foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen frontaleSynonym for frontal foramen ... An occasional small opening in the supraorbital margin of the frontal bone medial to the supraorbital foramen. ... Synonym: foramen frontale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen incisivumSynonym for incisive foramen ... One of several (usually four) openings of the incisive canals into the incisive fossa. ... Synonym: foramen incisivum, incisor foramen, Stensen's foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen infraorbitaleSynonym for infraorbital foramen ... The external opening of the infraorbital canal, on the anterior surface of the body of the maxilla. ... Synonym: foramen infraorbitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen interventriculareSynonym for interventricular foramen ... The short, often slitlike passage that, on both the left and right side, connects the third brain ventricle (of the diencephalon) with the lateral ventricles (of the cerebral hemispheres); the passage is bounded anteriomedially by the column of fornix and posterolaterally by the anterior pole of the thalamus. …
foramen intervertebraleSynonym for intervertebral foramen ... One of a number of openings into the vertebral canal bounded by the pedicles of adjacent vertebrae above and below, the vertebral body (mostly of the superior vertebra) and intervertebral disc anteriorly, and the articular processes forming the zygopophyseal joint posteriorly. ... Synonym: foramen intervertebral …
foramen ischiadicumSynonym for sciatic foramen ... Either of two foramina formed by the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments crossing the sciatic notches of the hip bone: greater sciatic foramen and lesser sciatic foramen. ... Synonym: foramen ischiadicum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen jugulareSynonym for jugular foramen ... A passage between the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the jugular process of the occipital, sometimes divided into two by the intrajugular processes; it contains the internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves, and meningeal branches of the ascending phary …
foramen lacerum<anatomy> An irregular aperture, filled with cartilage (basilar cartilage) in the living, located between the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone, the body of the sphenoid, and the basilar part of the occipital bones. Several structures pass along the margins of the foramen in a nearly horizontal direction but no structures pass thr …
foramen lacerum anteriusSynonym for superior orbital fissure ... A cleft between the greater and the lesser wings of the sphenoid establishing a channel of communication between the middle cranial fossa and the orbit, through which pass the oculomotor and trochlear nerves, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, the abducens nerve, and the ophthalmic veins. ... Syn …
foramen lacerum mediumSynonym for foramen lacerum ... <anatomy> An irregular aperture, filled with cartilage (basilar cartilage) in the living, located between the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone, the body of the sphenoid, and the basilar part of the occipital bones. Several structures pass along the margins of the foramen in a nearly horizontal direc …
foramen lacerum posteriusSynonym for jugular foramen ... A passage between the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the jugular process of the occipital, sometimes divided into two by the intrajugular processes; it contains the internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves, and meningeal branches of the ascending phary …
foramen lateralis ventriculi quartiSynonym for lateral aperture of the fourth ventricle ... One of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle. ... Synonym: apertura lateralis ventriculi quarti, foramen lateralis ventriculi quarti, foramen of Key-Retzius, foramen of Luschka, Retzius' foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen magnum<anatomy> The large hole at the base of the skull which allows passage of the spinal cord. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foramen mandibulaeSynonym for mandibular foramen ... The opening into the mandibular canal on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible giving passage to the inferior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein. ... Synonym: foramen mandibulae, inferior dental foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen mastoideumSynonym for mastoid foramen ... An opening at the posterior portion of the mastoid process, transmitting the mastoid branch of the occipital artery to the dura and an emissary vein to the sigmoid sinus. ... Synonym: foramen mastoideum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen mentaleSynonym for mental foramen ... The anterior opening of the mandibular canal on the body of the mandible lateral to and above the mental tubercle giving passage to the mental artery and nerve. ... Synonym: foramen mentale, mental canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen nutriciumSynonym for nutrient foramen ... The external opening of the nutrient canal in a bone. ... Synonym: foramen nutricium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen obturatumSynonym for obturator foramen ... A large, oval or irregularly triangular aperture in the hip bone, the margins of which are formed by the pubis and the ischium; it is closed in the natural state by the obturator membrane, except for a small opening for the passage of the obturator vessels and nerve. ... Synonym: foramen obturatum. ... (05 Mar 2000)
foramen of Arnold
Synonym for petrosal foramen ... An occasional opening in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, between the foramen spinosum and foramen ovale, which transmits the lesser petrosal nerve. ... Synonym: foramen petrosum, canaliculus innominatus, foramen of Arnold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen of Key-Retzius
Synonym for lateral aperture of the fourth ventricle ... One of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle. ... Synonym: apertura lateralis ventriculi quarti, foramen lateralis ventriculi quarti, foramen of Key-Retzius, foramen of Luschka, Retzius' foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen of Luschka
Synonym for lateral aperture of the fourth ventricle ... One of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle. ... Synonym: apertura lateralis ventriculi quarti, foramen lateralis ventriculi quarti, foramen of Key-Retzius, foramen of Luschka, Retzius' foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen of transverse process
Synonym for transverse foramen ... Foramen processus transversus. ... Synonym: foramen processus transversi, foramen transversarium, foramen vertebroarterialis, foramen of transverse process, vertebroarterial foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen of vena cava
Synonym for vena caval foramen ... An opening in the right lobe of the central tendon of the diaphragm which transmits the inferior vena cava and branches of the right phrenic nerve. ... Synonym: foramen venae cavae, foramen of vena cava, foramen quadratum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen omentale
Synonym for epiploic foramen ... The passage, below and behind the portal hepatis, connecting the two sacs of the peritoneum; it is bounded anteriorly by the hepatoduodenal ligament and posteriorly by a peritoneal fold over the inferior vena cava. ... Synonym: foramen omentale, foramen epiploicum, aditus ad saccum peritonei minorem, Duverney's forame …
foramen opticum
Synonym for optic canal ... The short canal through the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone at the apex of the orbit that gives passage to the optic nerve and the ophthalmic artery. ... Synonym: canalis opticus, foramen opticum, optic foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen ovale
<anatomy, cardiology> The communication between the two atria of the foetal heart. If it remains open (atrial septal defect), then blood will shunt from left to right. ... (04 Apr 1998) ...
foramen palatinum majus
Synonym for greater palatine foramen ... An opening in the posterolateral corner of the hard palate opposite the last molar tooth, marking the lower end of the pterygopalatine canal. ... Synonym: foramen palatinum majus, anterior palatine foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen parietale
Synonym for parietal foramen ... An inconstant foramen in the parietal bone occasionally found bilaterally near the sagittal margin posteriorly; when present it transmits an emissary vein to the superior sagittal sinus. ... Synonym: foramen parietale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen petrosum
Synonym for petrosal foramen ... An occasional opening in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, between the foramen spinosum and foramen ovale, which transmits the lesser petrosal nerve. ... Synonym: foramen petrosum, canaliculus innominatus, foramen of Arnold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen processus transversi
Synonym for transverse foramen ... Foramen processus transversus. ... Synonym: foramen processus transversi, foramen transversarium, foramen vertebroarterialis, foramen of transverse process, vertebroarterial foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen quadratum
Synonym for vena caval foramen ... An opening in the right lobe of the central tendon of the diaphragm which transmits the inferior vena cava and branches of the right phrenic nerve. ... Synonym: foramen venae cavae, foramen of vena cava, foramen quadratum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen rotundum
<anatomy> An opening in the base of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, transmitting the maxillary nerve. ... Synonym: round foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen sacrale
Synonym for sacral foramen ... One of the openings between the fused sacral vertebrae transmitting the sacral nerves. The anterior sacral foramina transmit ventral primary rami of the sacral nerves. The posterior sacral foramina give passage to dorsal primary rami of the sacral nerves. ... Synonym: foramen sacrale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen singulare
Synonym for solitary foramen ... A foramen in the internal acoustic meatus, posterior to the cochlear area, that transmits the nerves to the ampulla of the posterior semicircular duct. ... Synonym: foramen singulare. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen sphenopalatinum
Synonym for sphenopalatine foramen ... The foramen formed from the sphenopalatine notch of the palatine bone in articulation with the sphenoid bone; it transmits the sphenopalatine artery and accompanying nerves. ... Synonym: foramen sphenopalatinum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen spinosum
<anatomy> Transmits middle meningeal artery ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
foramen stylomastoideum
Synonym for stylomastoid foramen ... The distal or external opening of the facial canal on the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, between the styloid and mastoid processes; it transmits the facial nerve and stylomastoid artery. ... Synonym: foramen stylomastoideum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen subseptale
Synonym for interatrial foramen primum ... In the embryonic heart, the temporary opening between right and left atria situated between the lower margin of the septum primum and the atrioventricular canal cushions, in an adult heart, the abnormal persistence of the so-named communication which is normal in young embryos. ... Synonym: foramen subseptal …
foramen supraorbitale
Synonym for supraorbital foramen ... A foramen in the supraorbital margin of the frontal bone at the junction of the medial and intermediate thirds. ... Synonym: foramen supraorbitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen thyroideum
Synonym for thyroid foramen ... An opening occasionally existing in one or both of the plates of the thyroid cartilage. ... Synonym: foramen thyroideum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen transversarium
Synonym for transverse foramen ... Foramen processus transversus. ... Synonym: foramen processus transversi, foramen transversarium, foramen vertebroarterialis, foramen of transverse process, vertebroarterial foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen venae cavae
Synonym for vena caval foramen ... An opening in the right lobe of the central tendon of the diaphragm which transmits the inferior vena cava and branches of the right phrenic nerve. ... Synonym: foramen venae cavae, foramen of vena cava, foramen quadratum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen venosum
<anatomy> A minute inconstant foramen in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, anterior and medial to the foramen ovale, transmitting a small emissary vein from the cavernous sinus. ... Synonym: emissary sphenoidal foramen, venous foramen, Vesalius' foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen vertebrale
Synonym for vertebral foramen ... The foramen formed by the union of the vertebral arch with the body; in the articulated vertebral column, the vertebral foramen collectively form the vertebral column. ... Synonym: foramen vertebrale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen vertebroarterialis
Synonym for transverse foramen ... Foramen processus transversus. ... Synonym: foramen processus transversi, foramen transversarium, foramen vertebroarterialis, foramen of transverse process, vertebroarterial foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
foramen zygomatico-orbitale
Synonym for zygomatico-orbital foramen ... The common opening on the orbital surface of the zygomatic bone of the canals transmitting the zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal nerves; sometimes each of these canals has a separate opening on the orbital surface. ... Synonym: foramen zygomatico-orbitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
