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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


fluoroacetate-specific dehalogenase
<enzyme> Acts on fluoroacetamide at 0.1 the rate for fluoroacetate ... Registry number: EC 3.8.1.- ... Synonym: fluoroacetate-specific defluorinase, fac dehalogenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

fluorocarbons
Liquid perfluorinated carbon compounds which may or may not contain a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, but do not contain another halogen or hydrogen atom. This concept includes fluorocarbon emulsions and fluorocarbon blood substitutes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluorochrome
1. <chemistry> Those molecules that are fluorescent when appropriately excited, fluorochromes such as fluorescein or tetramethyl rhodamine are usually used in their isothiocyanate forms (FITC, TRITC). ... 2. <microscopy> Dyes which have little colouring effect under ordinary lighting conditions but which fluoresce when irradiated with ul …

fluorochroming
1. Tagging or 'labeling' of antibody with a fluorescent dye so that it may be observed with a microscope (using ultraviolet light), as a means of studying the origin, distribution, and sites of reaction (with antigen) in tissues. ... 2. Microscopic detection of cellular and tissue chemical components (DNA, RNA, proteins, polysaccharides) with the ai …

fluorocyte
Term used occasionally for a reticulocyte that exhibits fluorescence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluorodeoxyuridylate
<chemical> 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate. An inhibitor of thymidylate synthetase. Formed from 5-fluorouracil or 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. ... Chemical name: 5'-Uridylic acid, 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluorodifen
<chemical> An agricultural herbicide which is a yellow, crystalline solid that melts at 92 degrees C. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fluorography
Synonym for photofluorography ... The photography of images produced on a fluorescent screen by X-rays. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluoroimmunoassay
The use of fluorescence spectrometry to obtain quantitative results for the fluorescent antibody technique. One advantage over the other methods (e.g., radioimmunoassay) is its extreme sensitivity, with a detection limit on the order of tenths of microgram/liter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluorometer
<apparatus> A device used to measure the amount of fluorescence released by a sample that is exposed to a single wavelength of light or other electromagnetic radiation. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fluorometholone
<chemical> A glucocorticoid employed, usually as eye drops, in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye. It has also been used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. ... Pharmacological action: anti-allergic agents, steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, glucocorticoids, synthetic, glucocorticoids, topical.< …

fluorometry
An analytic method for determining fluorescent compounds, using a beam of ultraviolet light that excites the compounds and causes them to emit visible light. ... Origin: fluoro-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluorophotometry
Measurement of light given off by fluorescein in order to assess the integrity of various ocular barriers. The method is used to investigate the blood-aqueous barrier, blood-retinal barrier, aqueous flow measurements, corneal endothelial permeability, and tear flow dynamics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluoroquinolone
<pharmacology> A new class of antibiotics with a broad spectrum of activity. They are well-absorbed orally, with good tissue penetration and relatively long duration of effect. These agents bind to DNA and impair its replication. ... They are synthetic antimicrobial agents with the characteristic 4-quinolone ring structure and containing a flu …

fluororoentgenography
Synonym for photofluorography ... The photography of images produced on a fluorescent screen by X-rays. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluoroscope
<instrument, radiology> A fluoroscope is an imaging device that uses X-rays to view internal body structures on a screen. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fluoroscopic
<radiology> Relating to or effected by means of fluoroscopy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluoroscopy
<radiology> An X-ray procedure that makes it possible to see internal organs in motion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluorosis
<dentistry, orthopaedics> A chronic endemic form of hypoplasia of the dental enamel caused by drinking water with a high fluorine content during the time of tooth formation, and characterised by defective calcification that gives a white chalky appearance to the enamel, which gradually undergoes brown discoloration. ... Excessive fluoride inta …

fluorouracil
<drug, oncology> A chemical used in chemotherapy to treat mainly breast, skin and gastrointestinal cancers. It prevents the growth and spread of cancer cells (it is both an antineoplastic and an antimetabolite). ... Acronym: 5-FU ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fluosilicic
<chemistry> Composed of, or derived from, silicon and fluorine. Fluosilicic acid, a double fluoride of hydrogen and silicon, H2F6Si, obtained in solution in water as a sour fuming liquid, and regarded as the type of the fluosilicates. ... Synonym: silicofluoric acid, and hydrofluosilicic acid. ... Origin: Fluo- + silicic: cf. F. Fluosilicique.< …

fluosol
<chemical> A type of artificial blood, it is able to carry oxygen to body tissues, but it cannot clot or carry nutrients, etc. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fluosol-DA
Experimental perfluorochemical solution under investigation as an artificial blood substitute. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluoxetine
<chemical> The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants. ... Pharmacological action: antidepressive agents, second-generation, serotonin uptake inhibitors. ... Chemical name: Benzenepropanamine, N-methyl-gamma-(4-(trifl …

fluoxetine hydrochloride
Benzenepropanamine, N-methyl-gamma-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy]-;an oral antidepressant chemically unrelated to other antidepressants; prevents serotonin reuptake. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluoxymesterone
<chemical> An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male hypogonadism, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women. ... Pharmacological action: anabolic steroids, antineoplastic agent, hormonal. ... Chemical name: Androst-4-en-3-one, 9-fluoro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-methyl-, (11beta,17beta)- ... (12 D …

flupenthixol
<drug> This prescription drug is used to treat chronic schizophrenia. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flupentixol
4-3-[2-(Trifluoromethyl)thioxanthen-9-ylidene]propyl-1-piperazineethanol;a neuroleptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluperolone acetate
9a-Fluoro-11b,17a,21-trihydroxy-21-methyl pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 21-acetate;a synthetic corticosteroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluphenazine
<chemical> A phenothiazine used in the treatment of psychoses. Its properties and uses are generally similar to those of chlorpromazine. ... Pharmacological action: antipsychotic agents, phenothiazine, dopamine antagonists. ... Chemical name: 1-Piperazineethanol, 4-(3-(2-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluphenazine decanoate
This antipsychotic prescription drug is used to treat schizophrenia. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fluprednisolone
<chemical> A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties. ... Pharmacological action: steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, glucocorticoids, synthetic. ... Chemical name: Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 6-fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-, (6alpha,11beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

flurandrenolide
Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 6-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-, (6a,11b,16a)-;an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in topical preparations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flurandrenolone
<chemical> A corticosteroid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream or an ointment, and is also used as a polyethylene tape with an adhesive. ... Pharmacological action: glucocorticoids, synthetic, glucocorticoids, topical. ... Chemical name: Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 6-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-1 …

flurazepam
This hypnotic drug is used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flurazepam hydrochloride
7-Chloro-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-5-(o-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one dihydrochloride;an oral hypnotic and sedative of the benzodiazepine series. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flurbiprofen
<chemical> An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has also been proposed as an antirheumatic and has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase. ... Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, cyclo …

flurogestone acetate
<chemical> A synthetic fluorinated steroid that is used as a progestational hormone. ... Pharmacological action: progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 17-(acetyloxy)-9-fluoro-11-hydroxy-, (11beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

flurothyl
<chemical> A convulsant primarily used in experimental animals. It was formerly used to induce convulsions as a alternative to electroshock therapy. ... Pharmacological action: convulsants. ... Chemical name: Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis(2,2,2-trifluoro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluroxene
2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl vinyl ether;a volatile, halogenated inhalation anaesthetic. ... Synonym: 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl vinyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Flury strain rabies virus
Synonym for rabies virus ... <organism, virology> Species of the Rhabdoviridae that causes rabies in humans. The virus infects the cells in the brain, causing a fatal encephalomyelitis. It is found all over the world, but strict quarantine regulations have excluded it from Britain and Australia. The virus infects a number of domestic and wild …

Flury strain vaccine
Synonym for rabies vaccine ... An inactivated virus vaccine, used for preexposure immunization to persons at high risk of exposure, e.g., veterinarians, and in conjunction with rabies immunoglobulin, for postexposure prophylaxis. The official preparation is human diploid cell vaccine produced from rabies virus grown in cultures of human diploid embr …

flush
<clinical sign> Transient, episodic redness of the face and neck caused by certain diseases, ingestion of certain drugs or other substances, heat, emotional factors or physical exertion. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

flush end
<molecular biology> The ends of a blunt-end DNA molecule, where both strands in the double-stranded DNA molecule are even with each other rather than one strand being longer than the other. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flush technique
<procedure> A technique for determining the systolic blood pressure in infants; the elevated limb is milked of blood from the hand or foot proximally; the blood pressure cuff is then inflated above the likely systolic pressure and the limb lowered; the cuff pressure is then gradually released until the blanched limb flushes. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

flushing
<clinical sign> Transient redness of the face and neck caused by cutaneous vasodilation due to a variety of causes, such as drugs, alcohol, and carcinoid tumours. It does not include blushing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fluspirilene
<chemical> A long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent used for chronic schizophrenia. ... Pharmacological action: antipsychotic agents, dopamine antagonists. ... Chemical name: 1,3,8-Triazaspiro(4.5)decan-4-one, 8-(4,4-bis(4-fluorophenyl)butyl)-1-phenyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

flutamide
<drug, oncology> An androgen receptor blocker which is used to treat excessive hairiness in men and women. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flutamide miki wu
<drug> An androgen receptor blocker which is used to treat excessive hairiness in men and women. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

flute instability
<radiobiology> Term used to describe an interchange instability in which the perturbation is uniform parallel to the magnetic field. In cylindrical geometry, the structure resembles a fluted column (as in classical architecture). Occurs in some mirror machines. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flutter
<clinical sign> A rapid vibration or pulsation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

flutter-fibrillation
Synonym for impure flutter ... Mixture of atrial flutter (FF) waves and fibrillation (ff) waves in the electrocardiogram. ... Synonym: fibrilloflutter, flutter-fibrillation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flutter-fibrillation waves
Synonym for F waves ... The waves of atrial flutter usually best seen in ECG leads 2, 3, and AVF. (A small f indicates atrial fibrillation). ... Synonym: fibrillary waves, fibrillatory waves, flutter-fibrillation waves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fluvents
<ecology> Floodplain soils, characterised by buried horizons and irregularly decreasing amounts of organic matter with depth. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

fluvoxamine
<drug> This prescription drug is used to treat depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flux
<radiobiology> The total amount of a quantity passing through a given surface per unit time. Typical quantities include (magnetic) field lines, particles, heat, energy, mass of fluid, etc. ... Common usage in plasma physics is for flux by itself to mean magnetic field flux, unless specified otherwise. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flux density
<radiobiology> Total amount of a quantity passing through a unit surface area in unit time ... See: flux. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

flux ratio
The ratio of the two unidirectional fluxes through a particular boundary layer or membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flux, light
<microscopy> Sometimes called luminous flux, the visible portion of the radiant energy emitted by a light source. It is measured in lumens per solid angle. In electrical engineering, it is analogous to the lines of force in a magnetic field, spoken of as magnetic flux. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

fluxion
The act of flowing. ... 2. The matter that flows. ... 3. Fusion; the running of metals into a fluid state. ... 4. <medicine> An unnatural or excessive flow of blood or fluid toward any organ; a determination. ... 5. A constantly varying indication. 'Less to be counted than the fluxions of sun dials.' (De Quincey) ... 6. <mathematics> The inf …

fluxionary hyperaemia
active hyperaemia ...

fly
1. To move in or pass thorugh the air with wings, as a bird. ... 2. To move through the air or before the wind; especially, to pass or be driven rapidly through the air by any impulse. ... 3. To float, wave, or rise in the air, as sparks or a flag. ' Man is born unto trouble, as the sparks fly upward.' (Job v. 7) ... 4. To move or pass swiftly; to has …

fly agaric
Synonym for Amanita muscaria ... A toxic species of mushroom with yellow to red pileus and white gills; it contains muscarine, which produces psychosis-like states and other symptoms. ... Synonym: fly agaric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fly ash
Small ash particles carried in suspension in combustion products. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

fly blister
A cantharidal blister caused by discharge of a vesicating body fluid by certain beetles, particularly members of the family Meloidae which produce cantharidin, e.g., Lytta (Cantharis) vesicatoria, the notorious 'Spanish fly;' non-cantharidin vesicating fluid is produced by other beetles, such as rove beetles (family Staphylinidae), especially the g …

flycatcher
<ornithology> One of numerous species of birds that feed upon insects, which they take on the wing. ... The true flycatchers of the Old World are Oscines, and belong to the family Muscicapidae, as the spotted flycatcher (Muscicapa grisola). The American flycatchers, or tyrant flycatchers, are Clamatores, and belong to the family Tyrannidae, as …

flyer
1. One that uses wings. ... 2. The fly of a flag: See Fly. ... 3. Anything that is scattered abroad in great numbers as a theatrical programme, an advertising leaf, etc. ... 4. One in a flight of steps which are parallel to each other(as in ordinary stairs), as distinguished from a winder. ... 5. The pair of arms attached to the spindle of a spinning f …

flying blister
A misnomer for a vesicator agent applied successively to different skin areas and kept in one place just long enough to cause redness but not long enough to cause a blister. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flying spot microscope
<instrument> A microscope in which a moving spot of light is imaged in the object plane, the energy transmitted by the specimen being detected with a photoelectric cell; the light source may be a cathode ray tube, a scanning disk or drum, or an oscillating mirror. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flying squirrel
<zoology> One of a group of squirrels, of the genera Pteromus and Sciuropterus, having parachute-like folds of skin extending from the fore to the hind legs, which enable them to make very long leaps. ... The species of Pteromys are large, with bushy tails, and inhabit southern Asia and the East Indies; those of Sciuropterus are smaller, with …

Flynn phenomenon
Synonym for paradoxical pupillary reflex ... A pupillary response to light, the reverse of that expected; e.g., contraction of the pupil in response to turning the lights off. ... Synonym: Flynn phenomenon, paradoxical pupillary phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Flynn-Aird syndrome
<syndrome> A familial syndrome characterised by muscle wasting, ataxia, dementia, skin atrophy, and ocular anomalies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Flynn, P
<person> U.S. Physician. ... See: Flynn-Aird syndrome, Flynn phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

flytrap
1 . A trap for catching flies. ... 2. <botany> A plant (Dionaea muscipula), called also Venus's flytrap, the leaves of which are fringed with stiff bristles, and fold together when certain hairs on their upper surface are touched, thus seizing insects that light on them. The insects so caught are afterwards digested by a secretion from the upp …

Fm
Symbol for fermium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

FMD
Synonym for foot-and-mouth disease ... <disease> A highly infectious disease of wide distribution and great economic importance, occurring in cattle, swine, sheep, goats and all wild and domestic cloven-footed animals caused by a picornavirus (genus Rhinovirus) and characterised by vesicular eruptions in the mouth, tongue, hoofs, and udder; hu …

FMD virus
Synonym for foot-and-mouth disease virus ... A picornavirus of the genus Rhinovirus causing foot-and-mouth disease of cattle, swine, sheep, goats, and wild ruminants; it has wide distribution throughout Africa and Asia, causing serious economic losses; the virus is spread by contamination of the animal environment with infected saliva and excreta.
fMet
Synonym for formylmethionine ... Methionine acylated on the NH2 group by a formyl (-CHO) group. This is the starting amino acid residue for virtually all bacterial polypeptides. ... See: initiating codon. ... Synonym: N-formylmethionine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fMet-tRNA
<abbreviation> Formylmethionyl tRNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

FMF
Synonym for familial mediterranean fever ... An inherited intestinal disorder that is characterised by recurrent fevers and intestinal inflammation. Usually has onset between the ages of 5 and 15 years and is more common in those of Mediterranean descent. ... Symptoms include fevers and abdominal pain. Some may also suffer from chest pains, multiple …

fMLP
Synonym for formyl peptide ... <biochemistry> Informal term for small peptides with a formylated N terminal methionine and usually a hydrophobic amino acid at the carboxy terminal end (fMetLeuPhe is the most commonly used). ... These peptides stimulate the motor and secretory activities of leucocytes, particularly neutrophils and monocytes, tha …

fmn
<chemical> Riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate). A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH dehydrogenase. It is the principal form in which riboflavin is found in cells and tissues. ... Chemical name: Riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

FMO3
Abbreviation for the enzyme, flavin-containing monooxygenase-3. See Fish-odour syndrome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

FMR1
The gene responsible for the production of a protein called FMRP. Lack of FMRP results in the fragile X syndrome. (FMRP is an acronym composed of the first letters of Familial Mental Retardation Protein). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

FMRFamide
<protein> Phe Met Arg Phe NH2, a tetrapeptide neurotransmitter, a member of the same family of RFamide peptides as FLRFamide, sharing the same C terminal RFamide sequence. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

FMRP
As stated in the entry for FMR1, FMRP is an acronym composed of the first letters of Familial Mental Retardation Protein. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fms
<oncogene> An oncogene, identified in a feline sarcoma, encoding a tyrosine protein kinase, as part of a mutant receptor for macrophage colony-stimulating factor. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

FN-gelatinase
<enzyme> An autoactivated fragment produced from fibronectin by degradation with various collagenases; degrades gelatin ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: fibronectin-gelatinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

FNA
Synonym for fine needle aspiration ... Procedure to remove cells or fluid from tissues using a needle with an empty syringe. Cells or breast fluid is extracted by pulling back on plunger and then is analysed by a physician. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

foal
<zoology> The young of any animal of the Horse family (Equidae); a colt; a filly. ... <zoology> Foal teeth, the first set of teeth of a horse. In foal, With foal, being with young; pregnant; said of a mare or she ass. ... Origin: OE. Fole, AS. Fola; akin to OHG. Folo, G. Fohlen, Goth. Fula, Icel. Foli, Sw Lf?le, Gr.?????, L. Pullus a youn …

foam cell
<pathology> Lipid laden macrophages and, to a lesser extent smooth muscle cells, found in fatty streaks on the arterial wall. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

foam cells
Lipid-laden macrophages originating from monocytes or from smooth muscle cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

foam stability test
A test for foetal pulmonary maturity, determined by the ability of pulmonary surfactant in amniotic fluid to generate stable foam in the presence of ethanol after mechanical agitation. ... Synonym: shake test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

focal
Limited to one specific area. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

focal adhesion
<cell biology> Areas of close apposition and thus presumably anchorage points, of the plasma membrane of a fibroblast (for example) to the substratum over which it is moving. ... Usually 1m x 0.2 m with the long axis parallel to the direction of movement, always associated with a cytoplasmic microfilament bundle that is attached via several pr …

focal amyloidosis
Synonym for nodular amyloidosis ... A localised form of amyloidosis in which amyloid occurs as masses or nodules beneath the skin or mucous membranes, e.g., in the larynx. ... Synonym: amyloid tumour, focal amyloidosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

focal and segmental hyalinosis
<nephrology> A kidney disorder that results in fibrosis and scarring in the kidney glomerulus. The cause is unknown but some cases can result from reflux nephropathy. The clinical manifestation of this kidney disorder is nephrotic syndrome. ... Symptoms include weight gain, swelling, hypertension and foamy urine. High blood cholesterol and tri …

focal appendicitis
Acute appendicitis involving only part of the appendix, sometimes at the site of, or distal to, an obstruction of the lumen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

focal condensing osteitis
Synonym for chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis ... A reaction of bone to a mild bacterial infection, often the result of a carious tooth, in persons with a high degree of tissue resistance; results in a localised radio-opacity. ... Synonym: focal condensing osteitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

focal depth
Depth of focus, the greatest distance through which an object point can be moved while maintaining a clear image. ... Synonym: penetration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...