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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

dur dolor
<abbreviation> L. Duarte dolare, while pain lasts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dura
Synonym: dura mater. ... Origin: L. Fem. Of durus, hard ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dura mater
<anatomy> The outermost, toughest and most fibrous of the three membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord. ... Synonym: pachymeninx. ... Origin: L. = hard mother ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dura mater cranialis
Synonym for dura mater of brain ... The intracranial dura mater, consisting of two layers: the outer periosteal layer which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault; and the inner meningeal layer which in most places is fused with the outer. The two layers separate to accommodate meningeal vessels and large venous …

dura mater encephali
An alternate term for dura mater of brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dura mater of brain
The intracranial dura mater, consisting of two layers: the outer periosteal layer which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault; and the inner meningeal layer which in most places is fused with the outer. The two layers separate to accommodate meningeal vessels and large venous (dural) sinuses. The meningeal laye …

dura mater of spinal cord
Single-layered strong membrane, comparable to and continuous with (at foramen magnum) the meningeal layer of the intracranial dura mater of the brain. It does not (in contrast to the dura mater of brain) adhere to the enveloping bony structures (vertebrae) or their periosteum, being separated from the latter by a considerable space, the vertebral e …

dura mater spinalis
Synonym for dura mater of spinal cord ... Single-layered strong membrane, comparable to and continuous with (at foramen magnum) the meningeal layer of the intracranial dura mater of the brain. It does not (in contrast to the dura mater of brain) adhere to the enveloping bony structures (vertebrae) or their periosteum, being separated from the latter …

durable medical equipment
Devices which are very resistant to wear and may be used over a long period of time. They include items such as wheelchairs, hospital beds, artificial limbs, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

duraencephalosynangiosis
Surgical transposition of the superficial temporal artery with attached galea to the underlying dura with hope for cerebral revascularization; most commonly used in moyamoya syndrome. ... Synonym: encephaloduroarteriosynangios. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dural sheath
An extension of the dura mater that ensheathes the roots of spinal nerves or, more particularly, the vagina externa nervi optici. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dural sheath of optic nerve
Synonym for external sheath of optic nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The outer sheath around the optic nerve, continuous with the dura mater. ... Synonym: vagina externa nervi optici, dural sheath of optic nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dural venous sinuses
Endothelium-lined venous channels in the dura mater. ... Synonym: sinus durae matris, cerebral sinuses, cranial sinuses, sinuses of dura mater, venous sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

duralumin
An alloy of aluminum slightly heavier than this metal but nearly as strong as steel and noncorrodible; used in the manufacture of surgical and orthopedic appliances, e.g., splints; not for internal use in the body as screws, plates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duran-Reynals permeability factor
Synonym for hyaluronidase ... <enzyme> Enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid, found in lysosomes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Duran-Reynals, Francisco
<person> U.S. Bacteriologist, 1899-1958. ... See: Duran-Reynals permeability factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

durapatite
<chemical> The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. ... Pharmacological action: biocompatible materials. ... Chemical name: Hydroxylapatite (Ca5(OH)(PO4)3) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

duraplasty
A plastic or reconstructive operation on the dura mater. ... Origin: dura (mater) + G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

duration
A continuous period of time. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

duration tetany
A tonic spasm occurring in degenerated muscles upon application of a strong galvanic current. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Durck, Hermann
<person> German pathologist, 1869-1941. ... See: Durck's nodes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Durck's nodes
Perivascular chronic inflammatory infiltrates in the brain, occurring in human trypanosomiasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

duress
1. Hardship; constraint; pressure; imprisonment; restraint of liberty. 'The agreements . . . Made with the landlords during the time of slavery, are only the effect of duress and force.' (Burke) ... 2. The state of compulsion or necessity in which a person is influenced, whether by the unlawful restrain of his liberty or by actual or threatened phys …

Duret, Henri
<person> French neurosurgeon, 1849-1921. ... See: Duret's lesion, Duret's haemorrhage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duret's haemorrhage
Small brainstem haemorrhage resulting from brainstem distortion secondary to transtentorial herniation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duret's lesion
Small haemorrhage(s) in the floor of the fourth ventricle or beneath the aqueduct of Sylvius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Durham rule
An American test of criminal responsibility (1954): 'an accused is not criminally responsible if his unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect.' ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Durham, Arthur
<person> English surgeon, 1834-1895. ... See: Durham's tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Durham's tube
A jointed tracheotomy tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

duroquinol oxidase
<enzyme> Consists of fixn, fixo, and fixp proteins in bradyrhizobium, in which fixo and fixp are c-type cytochromes; does not contain cytochromes, probably a flavoprotein; a proto-haem containing oxidase expressed by the cyoabc locus in paracoccus denitrificans ... Registry number: EC 1.- ... Synonym: aroid alternative oxidase, quinol oxidase, …

Duroziez, Paul
<person> French physician, 1826-1897. ... See: Duroziez' disease, Duroziez' murmur, Duroziez' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duroziez' disease
Congenital stenosis of the mitral valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duroziez' murmur
A two-phase murmur over peripheral arteries, especially the femoral artery, due to rapid ebb and flow of blood during aortic insufficiency. ... Synonym: Duroziez' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duroziez' sign
Synonym for Duroziez' murmur ... A two-phase murmur over peripheral arteries, especially the femoral artery, due to rapid ebb and flow of blood during aortic insufficiency. ... Synonym: Duroziez' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dusky
1. Partially dark or obscure; not luminous; dusk; as, a dusky valley. 'Through dusky lane and wrangling mart.' (Keble) ... 2. Tending to blackness in colour; partially black; dark-coloured; not bright; as, a dusky brown. 'When Jove in dusky clouds involves the sky.' (Dryden) 'The figure of that first ancestor invested by family tradition with a dim …

dust
1. Fine, dry particles of earth or other matter, so comminuted that they may be raised and wafted by the wind; that which is crumbled too minute portions; fine powder; as, clouds of dust; bone dust. 'Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.' (Gen. Iii. 19) 'Stop! for thy tread is on an empire's dust.' (Byron) ... 2. A single particle of earth …

dust asthma
Asthma aggravated by inhalation of dust, especially seen as occupational disease resulting from cotton dust. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dust ball
A mass sometimes found in the stomach or intestine of an animal fed on mill cleanings. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dust cell
Synonym for alveolar macrophage ... Macrophage found in lung and that can be obtained by lung lavage, responsible for clearance of inhaled particles and lung surfactant. Metabolism slightly different from peritoneal macrophages (more oxidative metabolism), often have multivesicular bodies that may represent residual undigested lung surfactant. ... (1 …

dust corpuscles
Synonym for haemoconia ... Small refractive particles in the circulating blood, probably lipid material associated with fragmented stroma from red blood cells. ... Synonym: blood dust, blood motes, dust corpuscles. ... Origin: haemo-+ G. Konis, dust ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dusty
1. Filled, covered, or sprinkled with dust; clouded with dust; as, a dusty table; also, reducing to dust. 'And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death.' (Shak) ... 2. Like dust; of the colour of dust; as a dusty white. ... <botany> Dusty miller, a plant (Cineraria maritima); so called because of the ashy-white coating of it …

dutch
Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants. Dutch auction. See Auction. Dutch cheese, a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk. Dutch clinker, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape. ... <botany> Dutch clover, a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum (E. Hyemale) having a rough, sili …

dutch oven furnace
One of the earliest types of furnaces, having a large, rectangular box lined with firebrick (refractory) on the sides and top. Commonly used for burning wood. Heat is stored in the refractory and radiated to a conical fuel pile in the centre of the furnace. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

duteplase
<chemical> Recombinant form of the naturally occuring tissue-type plasminogen activator; administered in double-chain form unlike alteplase which is predominantly single chain ... Chemical name: plasminogen activator (human tissue-type 2-chain form protein moiety), 245-l-methionine- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

dUTP
<abbreviation> Deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dutton, Joseph Everett
<person> English physician, 1877-1905. ... See: Dutton's disease, Dutton's relapsing fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dutton's disease
African tick-borne relapsing fever caused by Borrelia duttonii and spread by the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata. ... Synonym: Dutton's relapsing fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dutton's relapsing fever
Synonym for Dutton's disease ... African tick-borne relapsing fever caused by Borrelia duttonii and spread by the soft tick, Ornithodoros moubata. ... Synonym: Dutton's relapsing fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

duty
Origin: From Due. ... 1. That which is due; payment. 'When thou receivest money for thy labour or ware, thou receivest thy duty.' (Tyndale) ... 2. That which a person is bound by moral obligation to do, or refrain from doing; that which one ought to do; service morally obligatory. 'Forgetting his duty toward God, his sovereign lord, and his country.' …

duty factor
<radiobiology> Ratio of the duration of time when a system is actually operating to the total time for a complete cycle of the system. For example: if a tokamak experiment runs for 5 seconds and then sits for 500 seconds while the power supplies are recharged, then the duty factor is 1%. Similar to capacity factor for powerplants. ... Synonym: …

duty to warn
The legal, moral, or ethical responsibility of a health professional to warn an intended victim of specific threats of harm or to warn a person of potential risk for acquiring a disease as the result of a relationship to a patient. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Duverney, Joseph
<person> French anatomist, 1648-1730. ... See: Duverney's fissures, Duverney's foramen, Duverney's gland, Duverney's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Duverney's fissures
Synonym for notches in cartilage of external acoustic meatus ... (usually) two vertical fissures in the anterior portion of the cartilage of the external auditory meatus, filled by fibrous tissue. ... Synonym: incisurae cartilaginis meatus acustici externi, Duverney's fissures, incisurae santorini, Santorini's fissures, Santorini's incisures. ... (05 …

Duverney's foramen
Synonym for epiploic foramen ... The passage, below and behind the portal hepatis, connecting the two sacs of the peritoneum; it is bounded anteriorly by the hepatoduodenal ligament and posteriorly by a peritoneal fold over the inferior vena cava. ... Synonym: foramen omentale, foramen epiploicum, aditus ad saccum peritonei minorem, Duverney's forame …

Duverney's gland
Synonym for greater vestibular gland ... One of two mucoid-secreting tubuloalveolar glands on either side of the lower part of the vagina, the equivalent of the bulbourethral glands in the male; ensheathed with vestibular bulbs by ischiocavernosus muscles. Thus erection and muscle contraction cause secretion into vestibule of vagina. ... Synonym: gla …

Duverney's muscle
Synonym for lacrimal part of orbicularis oculi muscle ... <anatomy> See: orbicularis oculi muscle. ... Synonym: pars lacrimalis musculi orbicularis oculi, Duverney's muscle, Horner's muscle, musculus tensor tarsi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DVM
<abbreviation> Doctor of Veterinary Medicine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DVT
Synonym for deep vein thrombosis ... Blood clotting in the veins of the inner thigh or leg. In air travel, DVT is the economy-class syndrome. Even in young, health travelers the long stretches immobilised in cramped seats in cabins with very low humidity set the stage for the formation of a thrombus (blood clot) in the lower leg. Blood clots can bre …

dwale
1. <botany> The deadly nightshade (Atropa Belladonna), having stupefying qualities. ... 2. The tincture sable or black when blazoned according to the fantastic system in which plants are substituted for the tinctures. ... 3. A sleeping potion; an opiate. ... Origin: OE. Dwale, dwole, deception, deadly nightshade, AS. Dwala, dwola, error, doubt; …

dwarf
Pl Dwarfs . [OE. Dwergh, dwerf, dwarf, AS. Dweorg, dweorh; akin to D. Dwerg, MHG. Twerc, G. Zwerg, Icel. Dvergr, Sw. & Dan. Dverg; of unknown origin. ... An animal or plant which is much below the ordinary size of its species or kind; especially, a diminutive human being. ... During the Middle Ages dwarfs as well as fools shared the favor of cour …

dwarf pelvis
A very small pelvis, in which the several bones are united by cartilage as in the infant. ... Synonym: pelvis nana. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dwarfed enamel
nanoid enamel ...

dwarfishness
Synonym for dwarfism ... A condition which results from the insufficient production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland. Dwarfism is characterised by abnormally short stature with normal body proportions occurring in childhood. ... Symptoms include slowed growth, short stature, delayed sexual development in the adolescent, headaches, excessive u …

dwarfism
A condition which results from the insufficient production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland. Dwarfism is characterised by abnormally short stature with normal body proportions occurring in childhood. ... Symptoms include slowed growth, short stature, delayed sexual development in the adolescent, headaches, excessive urination and excessive t …

dwarfism, pituitary
A form of dwarfism due to absence or hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dwell
1. To delay; to linger. ... 2. To abide; to remain; to continue. 'I 'll rather dwell in my necessity.' (Shak) 'Thy soul was like a star and dwelt apart.' (Wordsworth) ... 3. To abide as a permanent resident, or for a time; to live in a place; to reside. 'The parish in which I was born, dwell, and have possessions.' (Peacham) 'The poor man dwells in a …

Dy
Symbol for dysprosium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dyad
A pair. Two units. Half of a tetrad (four units). What happens to bivalent (tetrad) chromosomes after the first nuclear division of meiosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dyad symmetry element
Synonym for serum response element ... Dyad symmetry element bound by serum response factor to control the expression of c fos. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dyad symmetry of DNA
<molecular biology> Two areas of a DNA molecule whose base pair sequences are repeats of each other, inverted relative to each other, or are palindromes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dyadic psychotherapy
A psychotherapeutic session involving only two persons, the therapist and the patient. ... Compare: group psychotherapy. ... Synonym: individual therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dyadic symbiosis
Symbiosis between a child and one parent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dyclonine hydrochloride
4'-Butoxy-3-piperidino-propiophenone hydrochloride;a topical local anaesthetic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dydrogesterone
<chemical> (9 beta,10 alpha)-pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione. A synthetic progestational hormone with no androgenic or oestrogenic properties. Unlike many other progestational compounds, dydrogesterone produces no increase in temperature and does not inhibit ovulation. ... Pharmacological action: progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical nam …

dye
A stain or colouring matter; a compound consisting of chromophore and auxochrome groups attached to one or more benzene rings, its colour being due to the chromophore and its dyeing affinities to the auxochrome. Dyes are used for intravital colouration of living cells, staining tissues and microorganisms, as antiseptics and germicides, and some as …

dye dilution technique
Method for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of dye into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dye exclusion test
A test to determine cell viability in which a dilute solution of certain dyes (e.g., trypan blue, eosin Y, nigrosin, Alcian blue) is mixed with a suspension of live cells; cells that exclude dye are considered to be alive while cells that stain are considered dead; it is not always an accurate test because it indicates only the structural integrity …

dye laser
<radiobiology> A type of laser in which the active material (the material which emits the laser light) is a dye. These lasers are tunable when the dye has very large molecules (such as acridine red or esculin) and the laser action takes place between the first excited and ground electronic states, because each of these states contains a broad …

dye-dilution curve
Graph of the serial concentrations (dilutions) of a dye, e.g., Evans blue, following its intravascular or intracardiac injection; useful in the diagnosis of congenital cardiac shunts, measurement of cardiac output, and detection of cardiovalvular incompetence. ... Synonym: indicator-dilution curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dyes
Coloured chemical substances that impart more or less permanent colour to other materials. They are used for staining and colouring, as test reagents, and as therapeutic agents in medicine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome
<syndrome> An osteochondrodysplasia that clinically resembles Morquio's syndrome, but without excretion of mucopolysaccharides; characterised by mental retardation, short stature, progressive sternal bulging, flattening of vertebral bodies and iliac crests, shortening of metacarpals, and changes in long bones; autosomal recessive inheritance, …

Dyggve, Holger
<person> Danish paediatrician, 1913-1984. ... See: Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dyke-davidoff-masson syndrome
<radiology> Unilateral skull and sinus hypertrophy, mainly frontal sinus and mastoid air cells, atrophy of ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere (in childhood), cerebral infarction (most often), infection, trauma, congenital hypoplasia ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dynactin
<protein> Dynein activator complex that stimulates vesicle transport. Includes dynactin (160 kD) and polypeptides of 62, 50, 45, 37 and 32, the 45 kD (possibly actin RPV) being the most abundant. All the subunits cosediment with antibody to dynactin 160 and the complex behaves as a stable 20S multiprotein assembly. ... See: centractin. ... (18 …

dynameter
1. A dynamometer. ... 2. <optics> An instrument for determining the magnifying power of telescopes, consisting usually of a doubleimage micrometer applied to the eye end of a telescope for measuring accurately the diameter of the image of the object glass there formed; which measurement, compared with the actual diameter of the glass, gives th …

dynamic aorta
Abnormally marked pulsations of aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic compliance of lung
The value obtained when lung compliance is estimated during breathing by dividing the tidal volume by the difference in instantaneous transpulmonary pressures at the ends of the respiratory excursions, when flow in the airway is momentarily zero; this value deviates markedly from static compliance in patients in whom resistances and compliances are …

dynamic computed tomography
Computed tomography with rapid injection of contrast medium, usually with sequential scans at only one or a few levels; used to enhance the vascular compartment. ... Synonym: dynamic CT. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic CT
Synonym for dynamic computed tomography ... Computed tomography with rapid injection of contrast medium, usually with sequential scans at only one or a few levels; used to enhance the vascular compartment. ... Synonym: dynamic CT. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic demography
A study of the functioning of a community, including statistical records. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic disease
Synonym for functional disorder ... A physical disorder with no known or detectable organic basis to explain the symptoms. ... See: behaviour disorder, neurosis. ... Synonym: dynamic disease, functional disease, functional illness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic equilibrium
Synonym for equilibrium ... Balance A condition in which no further net change is occuring in a system, and free energy is minimimal. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dynamic focusing
<microscopy> An automatic focusing adjustment of the electron beam in high-quality cathode-ray or video image pickup tubes. The beam is made to land with the properly shaped minimum-sized spot regardless of its position in the raster scan ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

dynamic force
Synonym for energy ... <radiobiology> Typically defined as the ability to do work. Power is the rate at which work is done, or the rate at which energy is changed. Work characterises the degree to which the properties of a substance are transformed. Energy exists in many forms, which can be converted from one to another in various ways. ... Exa …

dynamic friction
The force that must be overcome to maintain steady motion of one body relative to another because they remain in contact. ... Compare: starting friction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic ileus
Intestinal obstruction due to spastic contraction of a segment of the bowel. ... Synonym: spastic ileus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic murmur
A heart murmur due to anaemia or to any cause other than a valvular lesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic platform posturography
Synonym for posturography ... A force platform that evaluates somatosensory and visual influences on posture and equilibrium. ... Synonym: dynamic platform posturography. ... Origin: posture + G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic psychiatry
Synonym for psychoanalytic psychiatry ... Psychiatric theory and practice emphasizing the principles of psychoanalysis. ... Synonym: analytic psychiatry, dynamic psychiatry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dynamic psychology
A psychologic approach that concerns itself with the causes of behaviour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...