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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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ear protective devicesPersonal devices for protection of the ears from loud or high intensity noise, water, or cold. These include earmuffs and earplugs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ear puncturePuncture of the ear drum may be due to an accident for example when something is stuck into the ear. Or it may be due to fluid pressure in the middle ear. Today the ear drum is occasionally punctured on purpose with surgery. A surgically placed tiny incision (a myringotomy) is made in the eardrum. Any fluid, usually thickened secretions, is removed …
ear ringingTogether with other abnormal ear noises, ear ringing is medically called tinnitis. Tinnitus can arise in any of the four sections of the ear: the outer ear, the middle ear, the inner ear, and the brain. If tinnitus persists and its cause is unknown, a hearing test (audiogram)should be done. Measures can be taken to lessen the intensity oftinnitus.< …
ear tagCommon minor anomaly, a rudimentary tag of ear tissue, often containing a core cartilage, usually located just in front of the ear (auricle). Therefore also called preauricular tag. The presence of 2 or more minor anomalies in a child increases the probability that the child has a major malformation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ear tube surgeryThe removal of fluid (often infected) from the middle ear space by creating a incision in the eardrum. Ear tubes may be placed to maintain chronic drainage for several months. Indicated in cases of chronic or recurrent otitis media. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
ear tubesFormally known as tympanostomy tubes, ear tubes are small plastic tubes inserted into the eardrum (the tympanum) to keep the middle ear aerated for a prolonged period of time. To put the tubes in place, a myringotomy (a surgically placed tiny incision in the eardrum) is done. Any fluid, usually thickened secretions, will be removed. The ear tubes u …
ear tumourA disorder where there are noncancerous lumps or growths within the ear canal or on the pinna of the ear (external ear). most lumps are sebaceous cysts but some are bony overgrowths known as exostoses (or osteomas). If large enough they may interfere with hearing. In this case surgical removal may be required. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
ear waxThe ear canal is shaped somewhat like an hourglass. The skin on the outer part of the canal has special glands that produce earwax. ... The purpose of this natural wax is to repel water and to trap dust and sand particles. Usually a small amount of wax accumulates, and then dries up and falls out of the ear canal caring with it unwanted particles.
ear, low-set
A minor anomaly involving an ear situated down below its normal location. Technically, the ear is low-set when the helix (of the ear) meets the cranium at a level below that of a horizontal plane through both inner canthi (the inside corners of the eyes). The presence of 2 or more minor anomalies in a child increases the probability that the child …
ear, malrotated
See Ear, slanted. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ear, slanted
An ear that is slanted more than usual. Technically, an ear is slanted when the angle of the slope of the auricle is more than 15 degrees from the perpendicular. Also called a malrotated ear Considered a minor anomaly. The presence of 2 or more minor anomalies in a child increases the probability that the child has a major malformation. ... (12 Dec …
earache
Pain in the ear. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
earl
A nobleman of England ranking below a marquis, and above a viscount. The rank of an earl corresponds to that of a count (comte) in France, and graf in Germany. Hence the wife of an earl is still called countess. See Count. ... Origin: OE. Eorl, erl, AS. Eorl man, noble; akin to OS. Erl boy, man, Icel. Jarl nobleman, count, and possibly to Gr. Male, …
Earle L fibrosarcoma
<tumour> A transplantable fibrosarcoma derived from subcutaneous tissue of a mouse of C3H strain, grown in tissue culture to which 20-methylcholanthrene had been added. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Earle, Wilton
<person> U.S. Pathologist, 1902-1962. ... See: Earle L fibrosarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Earle's solution
A tissue culture medium containing CaCl2, MgSO4, KCl, NaHCO3, NaCl, NaH2PO4-H2O, and glucose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early
1. In advance of the usual or appointed time; in good season; prior in time; among or near the first; opposed to late; as, the early bird; an early spring; early fruit. 'Early and provident fear is the mother of safety.' (Burke) 'The doorsteps and threshold with the early grass springing up about them.' (Hawthorne) ... 2. Coming in the first part of …
early ambulation
Procedure characterised by a shorter period of hospitalization or recumbency or by more rapid mobilization than is normally practiced. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
early deceleration
Slowing of the foetal heart rate early in the uterine contraction phase, denoting compression of the foetal head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early development
An early stage in the life cycle of a bacteriophage (a virus which infects bacteria) that occurs after infection but before replication of the bacteriophage genome. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
early diastolic murmur
A murmur that begins with the second heart sound, as the murmur of aortic insufficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early gene
<genetics, molecular biology> Genes that are expressed soon after viral infection of a host cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
early infantile autism
Synonym for infantile autism ... A severe emotional disturbance of childhood characterised by qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and in communication, language, and social development. ... Synonym: autistic disorder, childhood schizophrenia, early infantile autism, Kanner's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early labour
<obstetrics> The onset of uterine (labour) contractions after 32 weeks gestation but before 38 weeks gestation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
early latent syphilis
Infection with Treponema pallidum, the organism of syphilis, after the primary and secondary phases have subsided, during the first year after infection, before any manifestations of tertiary syphilis have appeared. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early neonatal death
Death of a liveborn infant occurring less than 7 completed days (168 hours) from the time of birth, late neonatal death, death of a liveborn infant occurring after 7 completed days of age but before 28 completed days. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early posttraumatic epilepsy
Seizures beginning within one week after severe head injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early reaction
Synonym for immediate reaction ... Local or generalised response that begins within a few minutes to about an hour after exposure to an antigen to which the individual has been sensitised. ... See: skin test, wheal-and-erythema reaction. ... Synonym: early reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early receptor potential
A voltage arising across the eye from a charge displacement within photoreceptor pigment, in response to an intense flash of light. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early region
<molecular biology> Part of a viral genome in which early genes genes that are transcribed and expressed early during infection of a cell are clustered. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
early seizure
A seizure occurring within one week after craniocerebral trauma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early seral species
<plant biology> Shrubs, such as ceanothus, and hardwoods, usually in tree form, such as red alder, bitter cherry and big leaf maple. These species start growing in natural succession soon after a disturbance (fire or logging). ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
early stage breast cancer
<oncology> Cancer is confined to the breast and has not spread to other sites in the body. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
early syphilis
Primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis, before any tertiary manifestations have appeared. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
early-phase response
Prompt onset of symptoms following an antigenic stimulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
earnest
1. Ardent in the pursuit of an object; eager to obtain or do; zealous with sincerity; with hearty endeavor; heartfelt; fervent; hearty; used in a good sense; as, earnest prayers. 'An earnest advocate to plead for him.' (Shak) ... 2. Intent; fixed closely; as, earnest attention. ... 3. Serious; important. 'They whom earnest lets do often hinder.' (Hoo …
earth
1. <astronomy> Planet that is the third in order from the sun. It is one of the four inner or terrestrial planets of the solar system. ... 2. The softer inorganic matter composing part of the surface of the globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil of all kinds, including gravel, clay, loam, and the like; sometimes, soil favorable to the …
earth wax
Synonym for ceresin ... A natural mixture of hydrocarbons of high molecular weight; a substitute for beeswax, also used in dentistry for impressions. ... Synonym: cerin, cerosin, earth wax, mineral wax, purified ozokerite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
earth-eating
Synonym for geophagia ... Geophagismgeophagy ... The practice of eating dirt or clay. ... Synonym: dirt-eating, earth-eating. ... Origin: Geo-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
earthly
1. Pertaining to the earth; belonging to this world, or to man's existence on the earth; not heavenly or spiritual; carnal; worldly; as, earthly joys; earthly flowers; earthly praise. 'This earthly load Of death, called life.' (Milton) 'Whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things.' (Phil. Iii. 19) ... 2. Of all things on earth; possible; …
earthquake
A shaking, trembling, or concussion of the earth, due to subterranean causes, often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The wave of shock sometimes traverses half a hemisphere, destroying cities and many thousand lives; called also earthdin, earthquave, and earthshock. Earthquake alarm, a bell signal constructed to operate on the theory that a few sec …
earthy
1. Consisting of, or resembling, earth; terrene; earthlike; as, earthy matter. 'How pale she looks, And of an earthy cold!' (Shak) 'All over earthy, like a piece of earth.' (Tennyson) ... 2. Of or pertaining to the earth or to, this world; earthly; terrestrial; carnal. 'Their earthy charge.' 'The first man is of the earth, earthy; the second man is …
earthy water
A water containing a large amount of mineral matter, chiefly sulfate, in solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
earwig
1. <zoology> Any insect of the genus Forticula and related genera, belonging to the order Euplexoptera. ... 2. <zoology> In America, any small chilopodous myriapod, especially. Of the genus Geophilus. ... Both insects are so called from the supposition that they creep into the human ear. ... 3. A whisperer of insinuations; a secret counsel …
East African sleeping sickness
Synonym for Rhodesian trypanosomiasis ... A disease of humans caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in eastern Africa from Ethiopia and Uganda south to Zimbabwe; it is clinically similar to Gambian trypanosomiasis but of shorter duration and more acute in form; patients suffer repeated episodes of pyrexia, become anaemic, and die commonly from ca …
East African trypanosomiasis
Synonym for Rhodesian trypanosomiasis ... A disease of humans caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in eastern Africa from Ethiopia and Uganda south to Zimbabwe; it is clinically similar to Gambian trypanosomiasis but of shorter duration and more acute in form; patients suffer repeated episodes of pyrexia, become anaemic, and die commonly from ca …
East Coast fever
A serious disease of cattle in eastern and central Africa, caused by the protozoan Theileria parva and characterised by high fever, swelling of the lymph nodes, and high case fatality; transmitted by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and other ticks of the genus Rhipicephalus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
easter proteinase
<enzyme> Amino acid sequence of light chain from drosophila has high homology with light chain of tachypleus proclotting enzyme ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: easter gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
easterling
1. A native of a country eastward of another; used, by the English, of traders or others from the coasts of the Baltic. 'Merchants of Norway, Denmark, . . . Called . . . Easterlings because they lie east in respect of us.' (Holinshed) ... 2. A piece of money coined in the east by Richard II. Of England. ... 3. <zoology> The smew. ... Origin: Cf. …
eastern equine encephalomyelitis
A form of mosquito-borne equine encephalomyelitis seen in the eastern U.S. And caused by the eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus, a species of Alphavirus, which belongs to the family Togaviridae; initial fever and viraemia are followed by signs of central nervous system involvement (excitement, then somnolence, paralysis, and death); the inciden …
easy
1. at ease; free from pain, trouble, or constraint; as: Free from pain, distress, toil, exertion, and the like; quiet; as, the patient is easy. Free from care, responsibility, discontent, and the like; not anxious; tranquil; as, an easy mind. Free from constraint, harshness, or formality; unconstrained; smooth; as, easy manners; an easy style. 'The …
eat
1. To chew and swallow as food; to devour; said especially of food not liquid; as, to eat bread. 'To eat grass as oxen.' 'They . . . Ate the sacrifices of the dead.' (Ps. Cvi. 28) 'The lean . . . Did eat up the first seven fat kine.' (Gen. Xli. 20) 'The lion had not eaten the carcass.' (1 Kings xiii. 28) 'With stories told of many a feat, How fairy …
eating disorders
A group of disorders characterised by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
eating epilepsy
Epileptic, often generalised, seizures provoked by eating; a type of reflex epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Eaton agent
Synonym for mycoplasma pneumoniae ... A small atypical form of bacteria, intermediate in size between typical bacteria and viruses. Thought to play a significant role in pneumonia and bronchitis. Mycoplasmal respiratory infections are common in children and young adults. ... Common symptoms include malaise, fever, chills and a dry hacking cough. ... ( …
Eaton agent pneumonia
Synonym for primary atypical pneumonia ... An acute systemic disease with involvement of the lungs, caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and marked by high fever, cough, relatively few physical signs, and scattered densities on X-rays; usually associated with development of cold agglutinins and antibodies to the bacteria. ... Synonym: atypical pneumonia, …
eaton-lambert syndrome
<radiology> Myasthenia, bronchial carcinoma, often small cell carcinoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Eaton, Lee
<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1905-1958. ... See: Eaton-Lambert syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Eaton, Monroe
<person> U.S. Microbiologist, *1904. ... See: Eaton agent, Eaton agent pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eaves
1. The edges or lower borders of the roof of a building, which overhang the walls, and cast off the water that falls on the roof. ... 2. Brow; ridge. 'Eaves of the hill.' ... 3. Eyelids or eyelashes. 'And closing eaves of wearied eyes. ... <medicine>' (Tennyson) Eaves board . The cliff swallow; so called from its habit of building retort-shaped …
EB virus
Synonym for Epstein-Barr virus ... <virology> Species of Herpetoviridae that is responsible for infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever). Discovered in 1964, this virus has been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma in South African children and with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Asian populations. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
ebb
Falling stage or outward flow, especially of tides. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Ebbinghaus test
A psychological test in which the patient is asked to complete certain sentences from which several words have been left out. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ebbinghaus, Hermann
<person> German, 1850-1909. ... See: Ebbinghaus test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Eberth, Karl
<person> German physician, 1835-1926. ... See: Eberth's bacillus, Eberth's lines, Eberth's perithelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Eberth's bacillus
Synonym for salmonella typhi ... A serotype of salmonella enterica which is the aetiologic agent of typhoid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Eberth's lines
Line's appearing between the cells of the myocardium when stained with silver nitrate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ebner's glands
Serous gland's of the tongue opening in the bottom of the trough surrounding the circumvallate papillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ebner's reticulum
A network of nucleated cells in the seminiferous tubules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebola haemorrhagic fever
An epidemic viral illness seen in southern Sudan and Zaire, caused by the Ebola virus. The illness is characterised by fever, malaise, muscle aches, respiratory symptoms, diarrhoea, vomiting, epistaxis, haemoptysis, haematemesis, rash, tremors and subconjunctival haemorrhages. Transmitted by close bodily contact with infected individuals (blood, fa …
ebola virus
<virology> An epidemic viral illness seen in southern Sudan and Zaire, caused by the Ebola virus. The illness is characterised by fever, malaise, muscle aches, respiratory symptoms, diarrhoea, vomiting, epistaxis, haemoptysis, haematemesis, rash, tremors and subconjunctival haemorrhages. Transmitted by close bodily contact with infected indiv …
ebonation
Removal of loose fragments of bone from a wound. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebony
Origin: F. Ebene, L. Ebenus, fr. Gr.; prob. Of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. Hobnim, pl. Cf. Ebon. ... A hard, heavy, and durable wood, which admits of a fine polish or gloss. The usual colour is black, but it also occurs red or green. ... The finest black ebony is the heartwood of Diospyros reticulata, of the Mauritius. Other species of the same genus (D …
ebranlement
Twisting a polyp on its stalk to cause atrophy. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebstein anomaly
<radiology> Tricuspid valve: abnormal formation and insertion, usually tricuspid insufficiency, right atrial enlargement (if severe, box-like heart), decreased pulmonary vascularity, cyanosis, severe at birth, mild in later childhood, angio: to-and-fro motion of contrast between RA and atrialised RV ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Ebstein, Wilhelm
<person> German physician, 1836-1912. ... See: Ebstein's anomaly, Ebstein's disease, Ebstein's sign, Armanni-Ebstein change, Armanni-Ebstein kidney, Pel-Ebstein disease, Pel-Ebstein fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebstein's anomaly
Congenital downward displacement of the tricuspid valve with the septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the right ventricle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Ebstein's disease
Synonym for ebstein's anomaly ... Congenital downward displacement of the tricuspid valve with the septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the right ventricle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Ebstein's sign
<clinical sign> In pericardial effusion, obtuseness of the cardiohepatic angle on percussion. ... Sign of oedema of lower eyelid, swelling of the lower lid found in congestive failure, myxoedema, or nephrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebullism
Formation of water vapor bubbles in the tissues brought on by an extreme reduction in barometric pressure; occurs if the body is exposed to pressures which are found above an altitude of 63,000 feet. ... Origin: L. Ebullire, to boil out ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebur
A tissue resembling ivory in outward appearance or structure. ... Origin: L. Ivory ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ebur dentis
Synonym for dentin ... <dentistry> The calcified tissue below the enamel, enclosing the cavity of the tooth containing the pulp chamber and root canals. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...
eburnation of dentin
A condition observed in arrested dental caries wherein decalcified dentin is burnished and takes on a polished, often brown-stained appearance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eburneous
Resembling ivory, especially in colour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eburnitis
Increased density and hardness of dentin, which may occur after the dentin is exposed. ... Origin: L. Eburneus, of ivory, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
EBV
<epidemiology> Epstein-Barr virus: a herpes virus which causes glandular fever (as does CMV) and some cancers. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
EC
<abbreviation> Enzyme Commission of the International Union of Biochemistry, used in conjunction with a unique number to define a specific enzyme in the Enzyme Commission's list [Enzyme Nomenclature], (1984); e.g., EC 1.1.1.1 defines an alcohol dehydrogenase; EC 2.6.1.1 defines aspartate aminotransferase, popularly known as glutamic-oxalaceti …
ecarteur
A type of retractor. ... Origin: Fr. Ecarter, to separate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ecballium
<botany> A genus of cucurbitaceous plants consisting of the single species Ecballium agreste (or Elaterium), the squirting cucumber. Its fruit, when ripe, bursts and violently ejects its seeds, together with a mucilaginous juice, from which elaterium, a powerful cathartic medicine, is prepared. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. See Ecbole. ... Source: We …
ECBO virus
Former name for early isolates of bovine enteroviruses. ... Synonym: enteric cytopathogenic bovine orphan virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric
1. Deviating or departing from the center, or from the line of a circle; as, an eccentric or elliptical orbit; pertaining to deviation from the center or from true circular motion. ... 2. Not having the same center; said of circles, ellipses, spheres, etc, which, though coinciding, either in whole or in part, as to area or volume, have not the same …
eccentric amputation
Amputation with the scar of the stump off-centre. ... Synonym: excentric amputation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric fixation
A monocular condition in which the line of sight connects the object and an extrafoveal retinal area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric hypertrophy
Thickening of the wall of the heart or other cavity, with dilation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric implantation
Implantation in which the blastocyst lies in a uterine crypt, as in the mouse, rat, and hamster. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric occlusion
Any occlusion other than centric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric position
Synonym for eccentric relation ... Any relation of the mandible to the maxillae other than centric relation. ... Synonym: eccentric position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentric relation
Any relation of the mandible to the maxillae other than centric relation. ... Synonym: eccentric position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eccentricity
Origin: Cf. F. Excentricite. ... 1. The state of being eccentric; deviation from the customary line of conduct; oddity. ... 2. <mathematics> The ratio of the distance between the center and the focus of an ellipse or hyperbola to its semi-transverse axis. ... 3. <astronomy> The ratio of the distance of the center of the orbit of a heavenly …
eccentrochondroplasia
Abnormal epiphysial development from eccentric centres of ossification. ... Origin: G. Ek, out + kentron, centre, + chondros, cartilage, + plasis, a molding ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
