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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Echovirus 28
<virology> Reclassified as Rhinovirus type 1. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

echovirus 6
<virology> A species of enterovirus that has caused outbreaks of aseptic meningitis in children and adults. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

echovirus 9
<virology> A species of enterovirus associated with outbreaks of aseptic meningitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Eck fistula
<embryology, surgery> Transposition of the portal circulation to the systemic by making an anastomosis between the vena cava and portal vein and then ligating the latter close to the liver. ... (08 Mar 2000) ...

Eck, Nikolai
<person> Russian physiologist, 1849-1917. ... See: Eck fistula, reverse Eck fistula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ecker, Alexander
<person> German anatomist, 1816-1887. ... See: Ecker's fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ecker, Enrique
<person> U.S. Bacteriologist, 1887-1966. ... See: Rees-Ecker fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ecker's fissure
Synonym for petro-occipital fissure ... A fissure between the petrous part of the temporal bone and the basilar part of the occipital bone that extends anteromedially from the jugular foramen; includes the jugular foramem (at its posterior end). ... Synonym: fissura petro-occipitalis, Ecker's fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclabium
Eversion of a lip. ... Origin: G. Ek, out, + L. Labium, lip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclampsia
<cardiology, neurology, obstetrics> Convulsions and coma occurring in a pregnant or puerperal woman, associated with preeclampsia, i.e., with hypertension, oedema, and/or proteinuria. ... Origin: Gr. Eklampein = to shine forth ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

eclampsy
Synonym for eclampsia ... <cardiology, neurology, obstetrics> Convulsions and coma occurring in a pregnant or puerperal woman, associated with preeclampsia, i.e., with hypertension, oedema, and/or proteinuria. ... Origin: Gr. Eklampein = to shine forth ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

eclamptic
Relating to eclampsia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclamptic retinopathy
Synonym for toxaemic retinopathy of pregnancy ... Sudden angiospasm of retinal arterioles, later followed by retinal vascular signs of advanced hypertensive retinopathy; vascular changes disappear rapidly after termination of the pregnancy. ... Synonym: eclamptic retinopathy, gravidic retinopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclamptogenic
Causing eclampsia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclectic
1. Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent in doctrines, opinions, etc) from various sources or systems; as, an eclectic philosopher. ... 2. Consisting, or made up, of what is chosen or selected; as, an eclectic method; an eclectic magazine. Eclectic physician, one of a class of practitioners of medicine, who select their modes of practice an …

eclecticism
A nineteenth-century cult popular in america which treats diseases by application of single remedies to known pathologic conditions, without reference to nosology, special attention being given to developing indigenous plant remedies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

eclipse
1. <astronomy> An interception or obscuration of the light of the sun, moon, or other luminous body, by the intervention of some other body, either between it and the eye, or between the luminous body and that illuminated by it. A lunar eclipse is caused by the moon passing through the earth's shadow; a solar eclipse, by the moon coming betwe …

eclipse blindness
Synonym for solar maculopathy ... Damage to the fovea centralis of the retina and the adjacent choroid due to the thermal action of infrared rays, consequent to sungazing or watching a solar eclipse without sufficient eye protection. ... See: photoretinopathy. ... Synonym: eclipse blindness, solar blindness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclipse period
The time between infection by (or induction of) a bacteriophage, or other virus, and the appearance of mature virus within the cell; an interval of time during which viral infectivity cannot be recovered. ... Synonym: eclipse phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eclipse phase
Synonym for eclipse period ... The time between infection by (or induction of) a bacteriophage, or other virus, and the appearance of mature virus within the cell; an interval of time during which viral infectivity cannot be recovered. ... Synonym: eclipse phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecliptic
1. <astronomy> A great circle of the celestial sphere, making an angle with the equinoctial of about 23 deg 28'. It is the apparent path of the sun, or the real path of the earth as seen from the sun. ... 2. <geography> A great circle drawn on a terrestrial globe, making an angle of 23 deg 28' with the equator; used for illustrating and …

ECM
Synonym for extracellular matrix ... Any material produced by cells and secreted into the surrounding medium, but usually applied to the noncellular portion of animal tissues. The ecm of connective tissue is particularly extensive and the properties of the ecm determine the properties of the tissue. In broad terms there are three major components: f …

ecmnesia
An obsolete term for a loss of memory for recent events. ... Origin: G. Ek, out, + mnesios, relating to memory ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ECMO virus
Simian picornavirus recovered from monkey kidney cells and stools. ... Synonym: enteric cytopathogenic monkey orphan virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ECn
<abbreviation> This is the commonly used abbreviation for the exposure concentration of a poisonous substance causing a defined effect on n% of a test population, for instance, the EC50 would affect 50% of the population. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Eco RI
<enzyme> Probably the most commonly used type II restriction endonuclease isolated from Escherichia coli. It cuts the sequence GAATTC between G and A thus generating 5' sticky ends. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Eco RII
<enzyme> Type II restriction endonuclease isolated from Escherichia coli. It cuts the sequence CC(T/A)GG in front of the first C giving 5' sticky ends. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

eco-
The environment. ... Origin: G. Oikos, house, household, habitation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eco-organ
<ecology> An ecological feature which mirrors environmental conditions. A type of vegetation based on such a feature. ... (11 Oct 1998) ...

Eco47II methyltransferase
<enzyme> From escherichia coli; 417 amino acids; genbank x82105 ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: eco47ii gene product, eco47ii mtase, m.eco47ii ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ecoendocrinology
The study of the interactions of endocrine systems with the environment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecogenetics
The interaction of genetics with the environment. The genetic disease PKU (phenylketonuria) provides an illustration of ecogenetics. Persons with PKU lack an enzyme to process an amino acid (phenylalanine) and so require a special environment: a diet low in phenylalanine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ecoid
The framework of a red blood cell. ... Origin: eco-+ G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecological chemistry
Chemistry that concentrates on the effects of woman-made chemicals on the environment as well as the development of agents that are not harmful to the environment. ... The study of the molecular interactions between species and between species and the environment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecological ectocrine
A chemical substance that undergoes biosynthesis in one species and that exerts an effect on the function of another species through mechanisms of the external environment; e.g., the biosynthesis of vitamins by ruminants and their subsequent ingestion by other animals. ... See: ectohormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecological epidemiology
<epidemiology> A branch of epidemiology which views disease as a result of the ecological interactions between populations of hosts and parasites; what we do. We contrast this with classical epidemiology. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

ecological fallacy
The bias that may occur because an association observed between variables at an aggregate level does not necessarily represent an association that exists at an individual level; an error of inference due to failure to distinguish between different levels of organization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecological protection
<ecology> Protection consists of measures undertaken to protect and preserve elements of an ecosystem's structure and functions against future degradation. ... (10 Nov 1998) ...

ecological restoration
<ecology> The process of renewing and maintaining ecosystem health. ... Ecological restoration is the process of intentionally altering a site to establish a defined, indigenous, historic ecosystem. The goal of this process is to emulate the structure, function, diversity, and dynamics of the specified ecosystem. ... (10 Nov 1998) ...

ecological system
Synonym for ecosystem ... <ecology> An ecosystem is the dynamic and interrelating complex of plant and animal communities and their associated non-living environment. ... The physical and climactic features and all the living and dead organisms in an area that are interrelated in the transfer of energy and material. ... An interacting complex of …

ecological systems, closed
Systems that provide for the maintenance of life in an isolated living chamber through reutilization of the material available, in particular, by means of a cycle wherein exhaled carbon dioxide, urine, and other waste matter are converted chemically or by photosynthesis into oxygen, water, and food. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ecology
<study> The scientific study of the relationship of organisms to each other and to their environment. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecomania
<psychiatry> An obsolete term for a syndrome of domineering behaviour at home and humility toward persons in authority. ... Origin: eco-+ G. Mania, frenzy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

econazole
<chemical> A broad spectrum antimycotic with some action against gram positive bacteria. It is used topically in dermatomycoses also orally and parenterally. ... Pharmacological action: antifungal agents. ... Chemical name: 1H-Imidazole, 1-(2-((4-chlorophenyl)methoxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economic botany
<study> The study of plants and plant products that can be used for profit, such as in the field of agriculture or medicine. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

economic coefficient
In growth and cultivation of microorganisms, the ratio of the mass produced to the substrate consumed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

economic competition
The effort of two or more parties to secure the business of a third party by offering, usually under fair or equitable rules of business practice, the most favourable terms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economic entomology
<study> The study of insects which are able to cause economic losses by destroying plants or animals that are commercially valuable. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

economic sector
A subdivision of economic activities based on major purpose (for example, 'commercial sector' or 'private sector'). ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

economic value of life
The evaluation of the monetary value of a life lost or a life saved. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economics
1. <study> The science of household affairs, or of domestic management. ... 2. Political economy; the science of the utilities or the useful application of wealth or material resources. See Political economy, under Political. 'In politics and economics.' ... Origin: Gr, equiv. To. ... (10 Nov 1998) ...

economics, dental
Economic aspects of the dental profession and dental care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economics, hospital
Economic aspects related to the management and operation of a hospital. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economics, medical
Economic aspects of the field of medicine, the medical profession, and health care. It includes the economic and financial impact of disease in general on the patient, the physician, society, or government. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economics, nursing
Economic aspects of the nursing profession. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

economics, pharmaceutical
Economic aspects of the fields of pharmacy and pharmacology as they apply to the development and study of medical economics in rational drug therapy and the impact of pharmaceuticals on the cost of medical care. Pharmaceutical economics also includes the economic considerations of the pharmaceutical care delivery system and in drug prescribing, par …

economy
1. The management of domestic affairs; the regulation and government of household matters; especially as they concern expense or disbursement; as, a careful economy. 'Himself busy in charge of the household economies.' (Froude) ... 2. Orderly arrangement and management of the internal affairs of a state or of any establishment kept up by production …

ecophene
<genetics> The variety of phenotypes (visible physical characteristics or behaviours), from a single genotype (a specific combinations of alleles in a gene), that can be observed in a population within a particular habitat. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

ecophenotype
<biology> A phenotype (visible physical characteristics or behaviours) that is a result of environmental or ecological conditions rather than genetic expression (nurture instead of nature). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecophobia
<psychology> An obsolete term for a morbid fear of one's home surroundings. ... See: nostophobia. ... Origin: eco-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecori methylase
<enzyme, molecular biology> An enzyme that will methylate (attach a methyl group (-CH3 group) to the nitrogenous base adenine on DNA molecules) the cutting site (the sequence GAATTC) of the EcoRI restriction enzyme (an enzyme which will cleave DNA at specific nucleotide sequences). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecori restriction enzyme
<enzyme, molecular biology> A commonly-used restriction enzyme (enzyme which will cleave the phosphodiester bonds of DNA at specific nucleotide sequences) that came from the bacteria Escherichia coli and recognises the sequence GAATTC. ... The enzyme will make a staggered cut of the double-stranded DNA molecule by cutting between the G and A o …

ecospecies
<ecology> A species consisting of different subspecies, or breeds, of an organism which despite being adapted to slightly different environments and/or having distinctly different appearances and behaviours, can still successfully interbreed. ... (11 Oct 1998) ...

ecosphere
1. <astronomy> The region of space around a star that is considered able to support life. ... 2. <ecology> The Earth, all of the organisms living on it, and all of the environmental factors which act on the organisms. ... (10 Nov 1998) ...

ecosystem
<ecology> An ecosystem is the dynamic and interrelating complex of plant and animal communities and their associated non-living environment. ... The physical and climactic features and all the living and dead organisms in an area that are interrelated in the transfer of energy and material. ... An interacting complex of a community and its envi …

ecosystem altering
Any activity that modifies the biota including species composition, distribution, and abundance and any activity that modifies the physical environment, including soils and the water cycle. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecosystem dynamics
Those intrinsic ecological functions through which an ecosystem becomes self-regulating, self-sustaining, and capable of recovery from external forces (for example, damaging storm events). These intrinsic processes may cause continual change in biotic composition and structure at specific localities. Collectively, these changes represent internal f …

ecosystem function
The collective intraspecific and interspecific interactions of the biota, such as primary and secondary production and mutualistic relationships. ... The interactions between organisms and the physical environment, such as nutrient cycling, soil development, water budgeting, and flammability. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecosystem structure
The physical and spatial aspects of an ecosystem that are contributed by the biotic composition. Biotic composition is generally determined by the collective physiognomy of the dominant plants, including life forms, vertical stratification, and size. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecotaxis
Migration of lymphocytes 'homing' from the thymus and bone marrow into tissues possessing an appropriate microenvironment. ... Origin: eco-+ G. Taxis, order, arrangement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecotone
A transition area between two distinct habitats, where the ranges of the organisms in each bordering habitat overlap, and where there are organisms unique to the transition area. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecotoxicology
<study> Ecotoxicology is the scientific study of harmful effects caused by manmade chemicals to the natural environment, especially effects on populations, communities, and ecosystems, an essential part of ecotoxicology is the study of the movement of potentially toxic substances through food webs and through the water cycle, etc. ... (09 Oct …

ecotropic
<virology> A retrovirus (virus which uses RNA instead of DNA to encode its genome) that can reproduce only in the host of the species in which it originated. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecotropic virus
An oncornavirus that does not produce disease in its natural host but does replicate in tissue culture cells derived from the host species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecotype
A subspecies, or breed, that has adapted to its local environment and as a result is distinctive from other members of the species, but can still successfully interbreed with other members of the species. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ecouteur
One who obtains erotic gratification through listening to sexual accounts. ... Origin: Fr. A listener-in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecouvillon
A brush with firm bristles for freshening sores or abrading the interior of a cavity. ... Origin: Fr., cleaning brush ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ECP
Synonym for Electron Channeling Pattern ... <microscopy> A pattern formed by the periodic backscattering of electrons by the specimen lattice in a transmission electron microscope. Allows determination of crystal structure and lattice parameters in crystals greater than 10 micrometres diameter. ... Acronym: ECP ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

ecphoria
The recall of memory. ... Origin: G. Ek, out, + phora, a carrying ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecphorise
To revive a memory. ... Origin: see ecphoria ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecphyma
A warty growth or protuberance. ... Origin: G. A pimply eruption ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecraseur
An obsolete term for a snare, especially one of enough strength to cut through the base or pedicle of a tumour. ... Origin: Fr. Ecraser, to crush ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ECS
<abbreviation> Electrocerebral silence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ECSO virus
A picornavirus isolated from outbreaks of enteritis in swine, but not known to be a natural pathogen. ... Synonym: enteric cytopathogenic swine orphan virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecstasy
Origin: F. Extase, L. Ecstasis, fr. Gr, fr. To put out of place, derange; = out + to set, stand. See Ex-, and Stand] [Also written extasy. ... 1. The state of being beside one's self or rapt out of one's self; a state in which the mind is elevated above the reach of ordinary impressions, as when under the influence of overpowering emotion; an extrao …

ecstatic
Relating to or marked by ecstasy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ECT
<abbreviation> Electroconvulsive therapy, electroshock therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectacolia
An obsolete term for colectasia. ... Origin: G. Ektasis, a stretching, + kolon, colon ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectal origin
Superficial origin, or apparent origin, the point where the nerve emerges from the brain. ... Origin: L. Origo, source, beginning, fr. Orior, to rise ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectasia cordis
Dilation of the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectasia ventriculi paradoxa
Synonym for hourglass stomach ... A condition in which there is a central constriction of the wall of the stomach dividing it into two cavities, cardiac and pyloric. ... Synonym: bilocular stomach, ectasia ventriculi paradoxa. ... Leather-bottle stomach, marked thickening and rigidity of the stomach wall, with reduced capacity of the lumen although of …

ectatic
Relating to, or marked by, ectasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectatic aneurysm
An aneurysm in which all the coats of the artery, though stretched, are unruptured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectatic emphysema
Obstructive airway disease with areas of dilatation of alveoli acini. Seen primarily in association with inherited deficiency of alpha-1 protease inhibitor. ... See: panlobular emphysema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecthyma gangrenosum
Synonym for dermatitis gangrenosa infantum ... A bullous or pustular eruption, of uncertain origin, followed by necrotic ulcers or extensive gangrene in children under 2 years of age; if untreated, death may result from haematogenous infection, such as liver abscess. ... Synonym: disseminated cutaneous gangrene, ecthyma gangrenosum, pemphigus gangren …

ecthyma, contagious
An infectious dermatitis of sheep and goats, affecting primarily the muzzle and lips. It is caused by a poxvirus and may be transmitted to man. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ecthymatiform
Ecthymiform ... Resembling ecthyma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecthymatous syphilid
Synonym for pustular syphilid ... A type of pustular eruption occurring in secondary syphilis. ... Synonym: acne syphilitica, acneform syphilid, ecthymatous syphilid, impetiginous syphilid, varioliform syphilid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ectiris
The outer layer of the iris. ... Origin: G. Ektos, outside, + iris ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ecto-
Ect- ... Outer, on the outside. ... See: exo-. ... Origin: G. Ektos, outside ... (05 Mar 2000) ...