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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

dravidian
<ethnology> Of or pertaining to the Dravida. Dravidian languages, a group of languages of Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms of the natives, before the invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. Of these languages, the Tamil is the most important. ... Origin: From Skr. Dravia, the name of the southern portion of the peninsula of Ind …

draw-sheet
A narrow sheet placed crosswise on the bed under the patient, with a rubber sheet of the same width beneath it; used to assist in moving the patient or in changing soiled bed coverings. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drawer sign
<clinical sign> In a knee examination, the forward or backward sliding of the tibia indicating laxity or tear of the anterior (forward slide) or posterior (backward slide) cruciate ligaments of the knee. ... Synonym: drawer test, Rocher's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drawer test
Synonym for drawer sign ... <clinical sign> In a knee examination, the forward or backward sliding of the tibia indicating laxity or tear of the anterior (forward slide) or posterior (backward slide) cruciate ligaments of the knee. ... Synonym: drawer test, Rocher's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drawtube
<microscopy> The smaller of the two tubes on a monocular microscope. The drawtube (if present) carries the ocular, it can be adjusted to control tube length and so effect corrections for the objective lens. The drawtube may also be convenient in calibrating an eyepiece-micrometre by allowing a minor magnification change to simplify the conver …

dreadful
1. Full of dread or terror; fearful. 'With dreadful heart.' ... 2. Inspiring dread; impressing great fear; fearful; terrible; as, a dreadful storm. ' Dreadful gloom.' 'For all things are less dreadful than they seem.' (Wordsworth) ... 3. Inspiring awe or reverence; awful. 'God's dreadful law.' ... Synonym: Fearful, frightful, terrific, terrible, horri …

dream
1. The thoughts, or series of thoughts, or imaginary transactions, which occupy the mind during sleep; a sleeping vision. 'Dreams are but interludes which fancy makes.' (Dryden) 'I had a dream which was not all a dream.' (Byron) ... 2. A visionary scheme; a wild conceit; an idle fancy; a vagary; a revery; in this sense, applied to an imaginary or an …

dream associations
The memories and emotions mentioned by a patient trying to understand a dream at the request of a psychoanalyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dream pain
Synonym for hypnalgia ... Pain occurring during sleep. ... Synonym: dream pain. ... Origin: hypno-+ G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dream-work
In psychoanalysis, the process by which the change from latent to manifest content of a dream is effected. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dreams
A series of thoughts, images, or emotions occurring during sleep which are dissociated from the usual stream of consciousness of the waking state. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dreamy state
The semiconscious state associated with an epileptic attack. ... Synonym: absent state. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Drechslera
A saprobic genus of fungi, frequently recovered in the clinical laboratory, characterised by conidia attached to a zigzagged conidiophore. Species in the genus may cause phaeohyphomycosis in humans, cats, and horses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dredge
1. Any instrument used to gather or take by dragging; as: A dragnet for taking up oysters, etc, from their beds. A dredging machine. An iron frame, with a fine net attached, used in collecting animals living at the bottom of the sea. ... 2. <chemical> Very fine mineral matter held in suspension in water. ... Origin: F. Drege, dreige, fish net, …

Dreifuss, F
<person> ... See: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drench
1. To cause to drink; especially, to dose by force; to put a potion down the throat of, as of a horse; hence. To purge violently by physic. 'As 'to fell,' is 'to make to fall,' and 'to lay,' to make to lie.' so 'to drench,' is 'to make to drink.'' (Trench) ... 2. To steep in moisture; to wet thoroughly; to soak; to saturate with water or other liqui …

drepanidium
A young sickle-shaped or crescentic form of a gregarine. ... Origin: G. Drepane, a sickle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drepanocyte
Synonym: sickle cell. ... Origin: G. Drepane, sickle, + kytos, a hollow (cell) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drepanocytic
Relating to or resembling a sickle cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drepanocytic anaemia
Synonym for sickle cell anaemia ... <haematology> Disease common in races of people from areas in which malaria is endemic. ... The cause is a point mutation in the allele that codes for the beta chain of haemoglobin with a substitution of (valine for glutamic acid at position 6. The defective haemoglobin (HbS) crystallizes readily at low oxyge …

dress
1. To direct; to put right or straight; to regulate; to order. 'At all times thou shalt bless God and pray Him to dress thy ways.' (Chaucer) ... Dress is used reflexively in Old English, in sense of 'to direct one's step; to addresss one's self.' 'To Grisild again will I me dresse.' (Chaucer) ... 2. To arrange in exact continuity of line, as soldiers …

dressed particle
<radiobiology> A particle plus its associated neutralising Debye sphere. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dresser
1. One who dresses; one who put in order or makes ready for use; one who on clothes or ornaments. ... 2. <chemical> A kind of pick for shaping large coal. ... 3. An assistant in a hospital, whose office it is to dress wounds, sores, etc. ... 4. [F. Dressoir. See Dress] A table or bench on which meat and other things are dressed, or prepared for …

dressing
1. Dress; raiment; especially, ornamental habiliment or attire. ... 2. <surgery> An application (a remedy, bandage, etc) to a sore or wound. ... 3. Manure or compost over land. When it remains on the surface, it is called a top-dressing. ... 4. A preparation to fit food for use; a condiment; as, a dressing for salad. The stuffing of fowls, pigs, …

dressing forceps
A forceps for general use in dressing wounds, removing fragments of necrosed tissue, small foreign bodies, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dressler beat
Fusion beat interrupting a ventricular tachycardia and producing a normally narrow QRS complex as a result of the fusion of two impulses, one impulse from the ventricular tachycardia and the other from a supraventricular focus; Dressler beat's strongly support the diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia by interruption of it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dressler, William
<person> U.S. Physician, 1890-1969. ... See: Dressler beat, Dressler's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dressler's syndrome
<syndrome> A disorder caused by inflammation of the pericardium resulting from previous injury to the heart muscle (myocardial infarction or cardia trauma). ... Symptoms may develop weeks to months after a heart attack or open heart surgery. Symptoms include chest pain (pleuritic), difficulty breathing, a chest splinting (bending over or holdi …

Dreyer, Georges
<person> English pathologist, 1873-1934. ... See: Dreyer's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dreyer's formula
An obsolete formula indicating relationship between vital capacity and body surface area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DRG
<abbreviation> Diagnosis-related group. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dribble
1. To drool, slaver, drivel. ... 2. To fall in drops, as the urine from a distended bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Drickamer motif
Either of the two highly conserved patterns of invariant amino acids found in the carbohdrate recognition domain of C type and S type lectins. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dried alum
Alum deprived of its water of crystallization by heat; an astringent dusting powder. ... Synonym: burnt alum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dried human albumin
Synonym for normal human serum albumin ... A sterile preparation of serum albumin obtained by fractionating blood plasma proteins from healthy persons; used as a transfusion material and to treat oedema due to hypoproteinaemia. ... Synonym: dried human albumin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dried human plasma protein fraction
Freeze-dried human plasma protein fraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dried human serum
Serum prepared by drying liquid human serum by freeze-drying or by any other method that will avoid denaturation of the proteins and will yield a product readily soluble in a quantity of water equal to the volume of liquid human serum from which it was prepared. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dried yeast
The dry cells of a suitable strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; brewers' dried yeast, debittered brewers' dried yeast, or primary dried yeast are the sources of dried yeast; it contains not less than 45% of protein, and in 1 g not less than 0.3 mg of nicotinic acid, 0.04 mg riboflavin, and 0.12 mg thiamin hydrochloride; used as a dietary supplement …

drift
Collectively, stream invertebrates (almost wholly the aquatic larval stages of insects) that voluntarily or accidentally leave the substrate to move or float with the current, as well as terrestrial invertebrates that drop into the stream. Also, any detrital material transported in the water current. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drift feeder
Fish and other predators that forage on invertebrates drifting on the water surface or in the water column. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drift line
An accumulation of water-carried debris along a contour or at the base of vegetation that provides direct evidence of prior inundation and often indicates the directional flow of flood waters. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drift motion
<radiobiology> Ordinarily particles placed in a magnetic field will simply orbit in circles, but if the magnetic field is not uniform, or curves, or there is an electrical field perpendicular to the magnetic field, or another force is applied perpendicular to the magnetic field, then the guiding centres of the particle orbits will drift (gene …

drift movements
Synonym for drifts ... Slow ocular movements of greater amplitude than flicks, occurring during ocular fixation. ... Synonym: drift movements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drift pumping
<radiobiology> A process that removes ions trapped in a thermal barrier using radial transport induced by an externally-applied radiofrequency field tuned to resonate with the azimuthal drift frequency. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drift surface
<radiobiology> Surface on which the guiding centre of a particle is constrained to move, due to the effects of the laws of adiabatic invariance on its drift motion. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drift velocity
<radiobiology> Characteristic velocity at which the centre of a particle's orbit (guiding centre) drifts when drift motion (see above) occurs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drift wave
<radiobiology> Oscillations in a magnetically-confined plasma arising in the presence of density gradients (such as at the plasma's surface). These resemble the waves that propagate at the interface of two fluids with different density in a gravitational field. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drifting
Random movement of a tooth to a position of greater stability. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drifts
Slow ocular movements of greater amplitude than flicks, occurring during ocular fixation. ... Synonym: drift movements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Drigalski-Conradi agar
Synonym for Conradi-Drigalski agar ... A selective, nutrient medium for isolation of Salmonella typhi and other intestinal pathogens from faecal specimens; it contains the dye crystal violet, which generally inhibits growth of Gram-positive, but not Gram-negative, bacteria. ... Synonym: Drigalski-Conradi agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Drigalski, Wilhelm von
<person> German bacteriologist, 1871-1950. ... See: Drigalski-Conradi agar, Conradi-Drigalski agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drill
1. To cause to flow in drills or rills or by trickling; to drain by trickling; as, waters drilled through a sandy stratum. ... 2. To sow, as seeds, by dribbling them along a furrow or in a row, like a trickling rill of water. ... 3. To entice; to allure from step; to decoy; with on. 'See drilled him on to five-fifty.' (Addison) ... 4. To cause to slip …

drink
1. Liquid to be swallowed; any fluid to be taken into the stomach for quenching thirst or for other purposes, as water, coffee, or decoctions. 'Give me some drink, Titinius.' (Shak) ... 2. Specifically, intoxicating liquor; as, when drink is on, wit is out. Drink money, or Drink penny, an allowance, or perquisite, given to buy drink; a gratuity. Dri …

Drinker respirator
A mechanical respirator in which the body except the head is encased within a metal tank, which is sealed at the neck with an airtight gasket; artificial respiration is induced by making the air pressure inside negative. ... Synonym: iron lung, tank respirator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Drinker, Philip
<person> U.S. Industrial hygienist, 1894-1972. ... See: Drinker respirator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drinking behaviour
Behaviours associated with the ingesting of water and other liquids; includes rhythmic patterns of drinking (time intervals - onset and duration), frequency and satiety. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

drip
1. To flow a drop at a time. ... 2. A flowing in drops. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drip transfusion
Transfusion slow enough to measure by drops. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drip-suck irrigation
Synonym for infusion-aspiration drainage ... A type of drainage in which antibiotics are continuously infused into a cavity at the same time fluid is being drained (aspirated) from the cavity. ... Synonym: drip-suck irrigation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

driselase
<enzyme> Fungal enzyme preparation containing polysaccharide exo- and endo-hydrolases, including cellulase, pectinase, beta-xylanase and beta-mannanase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

drive
1. To rush and press with violence; to move furiously. 'Fierce Boreas drove against his flying sails.' (Dryden) 'Under cover of the night and a driving tempest.' (Prescott) 'Time driveth onward fast, And in a little while our lips are dumb.' (Tennyson) ... 2. To be forced along; to be impelled; to be moved by any physical force or agent; to be drive …

driver
1. One who, or that which, drives; the person or thing that urges or compels anything else to move onward. ... 2. The person who drives beasts or a carriage; a coachman; a charioteer, etc.; hence, also, one who controls the movements of a locomotive. ... 3. An overseer of a gang of slaves or gang of convicts at their work. ... 4. <machinery> A p …

driving
1. Having great force of impulse; as, a driving wind or storm. ... 2. Communicating force; impelling; as, a driving shaft. Driving axle, the axle of a driving wheel, as in a locomotive. Driving box, a wheel that communicates motion; one of the large wheels of a locomotive to which the connecting rods of the engine are attached; called also, simply, …

dromedary
<zoology> The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius), having one hump or protuberance on the back, in distinction from the Bactrian camel, which has two humps. ... In Arabia and Egypt the name is restricted to the better breeds of this species of camel. See Deloul. ... Origin: F. Dromadaire, LL. Dromedarius, fr. L. Dromas (sc. Camelus), fr. Gr. Ru …

dromedary hump
<radiology> Extra mass of normal tissue found only on the lateral portion of the left kidney, normal variant. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dromic
Synonym: orthodromic. ... Origin: G. Dromos, a running, race-course ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dromograph
An instrument for recording the rapidity of the blood circulation. ... Origin: G. Dromos, a running, + grapho, to record ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dromomania
<psychiatry> An uncontrollable impulse to wander or travel. ... Origin: G. Dromos, a running, + mania, insanity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dromostanolone propionate
17b-Hydroxy-2a-methyl-5a-androstan-3-one propionate;an antineoplastic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dromotropic
Influencing the velocity of conduction of excitation, as in nerve or cardiac muscle fibres. ... Origin: G. Dromos, a running, + trope, a turn ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dronabinol
6H-Dibenzo[b,d]pyran-l-ol, 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-, (6aR-trans)-;the principal psychoactive substance present in Cannabis sativa, used therapeutically as an antinauseant to control the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. ... See: tetrahydrocannabinol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drone
1. <zoology> The male of bees, especially. Of the honeybee. It gathers no honey. See Honeybee. 'All with united force combine to drive The lazy drones from the laborious hive.' (Dryden) ... 2. One who lives on the labors of others; a lazy, idle fellow; a sluggard. 'By living as a drone,to be an unprofitable and unworthy member of so noble and …

droop
1. To hang bending downward; to sink or hang down, as an animal, plant, etc, from physical inability or exhaustion, want of nourishment, or the like. 'The purple flowers droop.' 'Above her drooped a lamp.' 'I saw him ten days before he died, and observed he began very much to droop and languish.' (Swift) ... 2. To grow weak or faint with disappointm …

drooping lily sign
<radiology> Appearance of renal pelvis with duplicated collecting system, upper pole moiety obstructs, becomes hydronephrotic, most likely to be compresses lower-pole moiety and pushes it downward see also: Weigert-Meyer rule ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

drop
1. To fall in drops. 'The kindly dew drops from the higher tree, And wets the little plants that lowly dwell.' (Spenser) ... 2. To fall, in general, literally or figuratively; as, ripe fruit drops from a tree; wise words drop from the lips. 'Mutilations of which the meaning has dropped out of memory.' (H. Spencer) 'When the sound of dropping nuts is …

drop finger
Synonym for baseball finger ... An avulsion, partial or complete, of the long finger extensor from the base of the distal phalanx. ... Synonym: drop finger, hammer finger, mallet finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drop hand
Synonym for wrist-drop ... Paralysis of the extensors of the wrist and fingers; most often caused by lesion of the radial nerve. ... Synonym: carpoptosis, carpoptosia, drop hand. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drop heart
Synonym for cardioptosia ... A condition in which the heart is unduly movable and displaced downward, as distinguished from bathycardia. ... See: cor mobile, cor pendulum. ... Synonym: drop heart. ... Origin: cardio-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

droperidol
<chemical> A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of haloperidol. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a state of neuroleptanalgesia in which he is calm and indifferent to his surroundings and able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an …

droplet
A diminutive drop, such as a particle of moisture discharged from the mouth during coughing, sneezing, or speaking; these may transmit infections to others by their airborne passage. ... Origin: drop + -let, dim. Suffix ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

droplet infection
Infection acquired through the inhalation of droplets or aerosols of saliva or sputum containing virus or other microorganisms expelled by another person during sneezing, coughing, laughing, or talking. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

droplet nuclei
Particles 1-10 um in diameter, implicated in spread of airborne infection; the dried residue formed by evaporation of droplets coughed or sneezed into the atmosphere or by aerosolization of infective material. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dropped beat
A heart beat that fails to appear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dropper
1. One who, or that which, drops. Specif., A fly that drops from the leaden above the bob or end fly. ... 2. A dropping tube. ... 3. <chemical> A branch vein which drops off from, or leaves, the main lode. ... 4. <zoology> A dog which suddenly drops upon the ground when it sights game, formerly a common, and still an occasional, habit of t …

drops
A popular term for a medicine taken in doses measured by drops's, usually a tincture, or applied by dropping, as an eyewash. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dropsical
Synonym for hydropic ... Containing an excess of water or of watery fluid. ... Synonym: dropsical. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dropsy of pericardium
Synonym for pericardial effusion ... <cardiology> A collection of fluid or blood in the pericardial space (inside the pericardial sac) around the heart. Some causes include congestive heart failure, cancer and autoimmune disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Drosophila
A genus of small, American flies, Diptera. The best known species is D. Melanogaster, often called the fruit fly, but more correctly termed the vinegar fly. First investigated by T.H.Morgan and his group, it has been extensively used in genetic studies. More recently it has been used for studies of embryonic development. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

drosophila heat-shock protein
<protein> Proteins which are immediately produced when the Drosophila fruit fly is exposed for a short time to extreme heat or other stress, such as toxic substances or alcohol. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drosophila melanogaster
A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

drosophilidae
A family of the order diptera. These flies are generally found around decaying vegetation and fruit. Several species, because of their short life span, giant salivary gland chromosomes, and ease of culturing, have been used extensively in studies of heredity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

drosophilla melanogaster
Drosophilla melanogaster, the common fruit fly, is frequently used in genetics and developmental research. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

drosulphakinin
<protein> Drosophila homologues of the gastrin family of peptide hormones. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

drought
1. Dryness; want of rain or of water; especially, such dryness of the weather as affects the earth, and prevents the growth of plants; aridity. 'The drought of March hath pierced to the root.' (Chaucer) 'In a drought the thirsty creatures cry.' (Dryden) ... 2. Thirst; want of drink. ... 3. Scarcity; lack. 'A drought of Christian writers caused a dear …

drove
1. A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. ... 2. Any collection of irrational animals, moving or driving forward; as, a finny drove. ... 3. A crowd of people in motion. 'Where droves, as at a city gate, may pass.' (Dryden) ... 4. A road for driving cattle; a drif …

drowning
Death within 24 hours of immersion in liquid, either due to anoxia or cardiac arrest caused by sudden extreme lowering of temperature (immersion syndrome). ... See: near drowning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drowsiness
A state of impaired awareness associated with a desire or inclination to sleep. ... Synonym: hypnesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

drowsy
1. Inclined to drowse; heavy with sleepiness; lethargic; dozy. 'When I am drowsy.' 'Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray.' (Shak) 'To our age's drowsy blood Still shouts the inspiring sea.' (Lowell) ... 2. Disposing to sleep; lulling; soporific. 'The drowsy hours, dispensers of all good.' (Tennyson) ... 3. Dull; stupid. ' Drowsy reasoning.' ... …

droxidopa
<chemical> A precursor of noradrenaline that is used in the treatment of parkinsonism. The racaemic form (dl-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine) has also been used, and has been investigated in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension. There is a deficit of noradrenaline as well as of dopamine in parkinson's disease and it has been proposed that …

drug
1. Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations. 'Whence merchants bring' 'Their spicy drugs.' ... 2. Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand. 'But sermons are mere drugs.' 'And virtue shall a drug become.' (Dr …