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Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

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Substantiation Sub·stan`ti·a"tion noun The act of substantiating or proving; evidence; proof.

Substantival Sub`stan·ti"val adjective Of or pertaining to a substantive; of the nature of substantive. -- Sub`stan*ti"val*ly , adverb

Substantive Sub"stan·tive adjective [ Latin substantivus : confer French substantif .] 1. Betokening or expressing existence; as, the substantive verb, that is, the verb to be .

2. Depending on itself; independent.

He considered how sufficient and substantive this land was to maintain itself without any aid of the foreigner.

Bacon.

3. Enduring; solid; firm; substantial.

Strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the imagination in a powerful and substantive manner.

Hazlitt.

4. Pertaining to, or constituting, the essential part or principles; as, the law substantive .

Noun substantive (Gram.) , a noun which designates an object, material or immaterial; a substantive. -- Substantive color , one which communicates its color without the aid of a mordant or base; -- opposed to adjective color .

Substantive Sub"stan·tive noun [ Confer French substantif .] (Gram.) A noun or name; the part of speech which designates something that exists, or some object of thought, either material or immaterial; as, the words man , horse , city , goodness , excellence , are substantives .

Substantive Sub"stan·tive transitive verb To substantivize. [ R.] Cudworth.

Substantively Sub"stan·tive·ly adverb 1. In a substantive manner; in substance; essentially.

2. (Gram.) As a substantive, name, or noun; as, an adjective may be used substantively .

Substantiveness Sub"stan·tive·ness noun The quality or state of being substantive.

Substantivize Sub"stan·tiv·ize transitive verb To convert into a substantive; as, to substantivize an adjective. Fitzed. Hall.

Substile Sub"stile` noun (Dialing) See Substyle .

Substituent Sub·stit"u·ent noun [ Latin substituens , present participle See Substitute .] (Chemistry) Any atom, group, or radical substituted for another, or entering a molecule in place of some other part which is removed.

Substitute Sub"stit"ute noun [ Latin substitutus , past participle of substituere to put under, put in the place of; sub under + statuere to put, place: confer French substitut . See Statute .] One who, or that which, is substituted or put in the place of another; one who acts for another; that which stands in lieu of something else ; specifically (Mil.) , a person who enlists for military service in the place of a conscript or drafted man.

Hast thou not made me here thy substitute ?

Milton.

Ladies [ in Shakespeare's age] . . . wore masks as the sole substitute known to our ancestors for the modern parasol.

De Quincey.

Substitute Sub"stit"ute transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Substituted ; present participle & verbal noun Substituting .] [ See Substitute , noun ] To put in the place of another person or thing; to exchange.

Some few verses are inserted or substituted in the room of others.

Congreve.

Substituted Sub"stit"uted adjective 1. Exchanged; put in the place of another.

2. (Chemistry) Containing substitutions or replacements; having been subjected to the process of substitution, or having some of its parts replaced; as, alcohol is a substituted water; methyl amine is a substituted ammonia.

Substituted executor (Law) , an executor appointed to act in place of one removed or resigned.

Substitution Sub`sti·tu"tion noun [ Latin substitutio : confer French substitution .] 1. The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the place of another; as, the substitution of an agent, attorney, or representative to act for one in his absense; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating medium.

2. The state of being substituted for another.

3. The office or authority of one acting for another; delegated authority. [ R.] Shak.

4. (Civil Law) The designation of a person in a will to take a devise or legacy, either on failure of a former devisee or legatee by incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or after him. Burrill.

5. (Theol.) The doctrine that Christ suffered vicariously, being substituted for the sinner, and that his sufferings were expiatory.

6. (Chemistry) The act or process of substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical; metathesis; also, the state of being so substituted. See Metathesis .

Substitutional Sub`sti·tu"tion·al adjective Of or pertaining to substitution; standing in the place of another; substituted. -- Sub`sti*tu"tion*al*ly , adverb

Substitutionary Sub`sti·tu"tion·a·ry adjective Of or pertaining to substitution; substitutional.

Substitutive Sub"sti·tu`tive adjective [ Confer French substitutif , Latin substitutivus conditional.] Tending to afford or furnish a substitute; making substitution; capable of being substituted. Bp. Wilkins.

Substract Sub·stract" transitive verb [ French suostraire ; Latin subtus below (from sub under) + trahere to draw. See Substract .] To subtract; to withdraw. [ Obsolete] Barrow.

Substraction Sub·strac"tion noun [ Old French substraction , French soustraction . See Subtract .] 1. Subtraction; deduction. [ Obsolete]

2. (Law) See Subtraction , 3.

Substractor Sub·stract"or noun 1. One who subtracts.

2. A detractor; a slanderer. [ Obsolete] Shak.

Substrate Sub"strate noun A substratum. [ R.]

Substrate Sub"strate adjective Having very slight furrows. [ R.]

Substrate Sub·strate" transitive verb [ Latin substratus , past participle of substrahere . See Substratum .] To strew or lay under anything. [ Obsolete]

The melted glass being supported by the substrated sand.

Boyle.

Substratum Sub·stra"tum noun ; plural Substrata . [ Latin substratus , past participle of substernere to strew under; sub under + sternere to strew. See Stratum .] 1. That which is laid or spread under; that which underlies something, as a layer of earth lying under another; specifically (Agriculture) , the subsoil.

2. (Metaph.) The permanent subject of qualities or cause of phenomena; substance.

Substruct Sub·struct" transitive verb [ See Substruction .] To build beneath something; to lay as the foundation. [ R.]

He substructs the religion of Asia as the base.

Emerson.

Substruction Sub·struc"tion noun [ Latin substructio , from substruere , substructum , to build beneath; sub under + struere to build.] (Architecture) Underbuilding; the foundation, or any preliminary structure intended to raise the lower floor or basement of a building above the natural level of the ground.

It is a magnificent strong building, with a substruction very remarkable.

Evelyn.

Substructure Sub·struc"ture noun [ Prefix sub- + structure .] 1. (Architecture) Same as Substruction .

2. An under structure; a foundation; groundwork.

Substylar Sub·sty"lar adjective Pertaining to the substyle.

Substyle Sub"style` noun (Dialing) A right line on which the style, or gnomon, of a dial is erected; being the common section of the face of the dial and a plane perpendicular to it passing through the style. [ Written also substile .] Hutton.

Subsulphate Sub·sul"phate noun (Chemistry) A sulphate with an excess of the base.

Subsulphide Sub·sul"phide noun (Chemistry) A nonacid compound consisting of one equivalent of sulphur and more than one equivalent of some other body, as a metal.

Subsultive Sub·sul"tive adjective Subsultory. [ R.] Berkley.

Subsultory Sub·sul"to·ry adjective [ Latin subsilire , subsultum , to spring up; sub under + salire to leap.] Bounding; leaping; moving by sudden leaps or starts. [ R.] -- Sub*sul"to*ri*ly , adverb [ R.]

Flippancy opposed to solemnity, the subsultory to the continuous, -- these are the two frequent extremities to which the French manner betrays men.

De Quincey.

Subsultus Sub·sul"tus noun [ New Latin See Subsultory .] (Medicine) A starting, twitching, or convulsive motion.

Subsumable Sub·sum"a·ble adjective Capable of being subsumed. J. B. Stallo.

Subsume Sub·sume" transitive verb [ Prefix sub- + Latin sumere to take.] To take up into or under, as individual under species, species under genus, or particular under universal; to place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to it; to include under something else.

To subsume one proposition under another.

De Quincey.

A principle under which one might subsume men's most strenuous efforts after righteousness.

W. Pater.

Subsumption Sub·sump"tion noun 1. The act of subsuming, or of including under another.

The first act of consciousness was a subsumption of that of which we were conscious under this notion.

Sir W. Hamilton.

2. That which is subsumed, as the minor clause or premise of a syllogism.

But whether you see cause to go against the rule, or the subsumption under the rule.

De Quincey.

Subsumptive Sub·sump"tive adjective Relating to, or containing, a subsumption. Coleridge.

Subtangent Sub·tan"gent noun (Geom.) The part of the axis contained between the ordinate and tangent drawn to the same point in a curve.

Subtartarean Sub`tar·ta"re·an adjective Being or living under Tartarus; infernal. " Subtartarean powers." Pope.

Subtectacle Sub·tec"ta·cle noun [ Prefix sub- + Latin tectum a roof.] A space under a roof; a tabernacle; a dwelling. [ Obsolete] Davies (Holy Roode).

Subtegulaneous Sub·teg`u·la"ne·ous adjective [ Latin subtegulaneus ; sub under + tegulare tiles for a roof.] Under the roof or eaves; within doors. [ R.]

Subtenant Sub·ten"ant noun (Law) One who rents a tenement, or land, etc., of one who is also a tenant; an undertenant.

Subtend Sub·tend" transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Subtended ; present participle & verbal noun Subtending .] [ Latin subtendere ; sub under + tendere to stretch, extend. See Tend .] To extend under, or be opposed to; as, the line of a triangle which subtends the right angle; the chord subtends an arc.

Subtense Sub·tense" noun [ Latin subtendere , subtentum . See Subtend , Tense , adjective ] (Geom.) A line subtending, or stretching across; a chord; as, the subtense of an arc.

Subtepid Sub·tep"id adjective Slightly tepid.

Subterete Sub`te·rete" adjective Somewhat terete.

Subterfluent, Subterfluous Sub·ter"flu·ent, Sub·ter"flu·ous adjective [ Latin subterfluens , present participle of subterfluere to flow beneath; subter under + fluere to flow.] Running under or beneath. [ R.]

Subterfuge Sub"ter·fuge noun [ French, from Late Latin subterfugium , from Latin subterfugere to flee secretly, to escape; subter under + fugere to flee. See Fugitive .] That to which one resorts for escape or concealment; an artifice employed to escape censure or the force of an argument, or to justify opinions or conduct; a shift; an evasion.

Affect not little shifts and subterfuges , to avoid the force of an argument.

I. Watts.

By a miserable subterfuge , they hope to render this position safe by rendering it nugatory.

Burke.

Subterrane Sub"ter·rane noun [ Confer Latin subterraneum , French souterrain . See Subterranean .] A cave or room under ground. [ R.] J. Bryant.

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