Diaphysis Di·aph"y·sis noun [ Greek ... a growing through; dia` through + ... to bring forth.] 1. (Botany) An abnormal prolongation of the axis of inflorescence.

2. (Anat.) The shaft, or main part, of a bone, which is first ossified.

Diapnoic Di`ap·no"ic adjective [ Greek ... outlet for the wind, exhalation, from ... to blow through; dia` through + ... to blow, breathe: confer French diapnoïque .] (Medicine) Slightly increasing an insensible perspiration; mildly diaphoretic. -- noun A gentle diaphoretic.

Diapophysical Di·ap`o·phys"ic·al adjective (Anat.) Pertaining to a diapophysis.

Diapophysis Di`a·poph"y·sis noun [ New Latin See Dia- , and Apophysis .] (Anat.) The dorsal transverse, or tubercular, process of a vertebra. See Vertebra .

Diarchy Di"arch·y noun [ Greek di- = di`s- twice + ... to rule.] A form of government in which the supreme power is vested in two persons.

Diarial, Diarian Di·a"ri·al, Di·a"ri·an adjective [ See Diary .] Pertaining to a diary; daily.

Diarist Di"a·rist noun One who keeps a diary.

Diarrhea, Diarrhœa Di`ar·rhe"a, Di`ar·rhœ"a (dī` a r*rē"ȧ) noun [ Latin diarrhoea , Greek dia`rroia , from dia`rrei^n to flow through; dia` + "rei^n to flow; akin to English stream . See Stream .] (Medicine) A morbidly frequent and profuse discharge of loose or fluid evacuations from the intestines, without tenesmus; a purging or looseness of the bowels; a flux.

Diarrheal, Diarrhœal Di`ar·rhe"al, Di`ar·rhœ"al adjective (Medicine) Of or pertaining to diarrhea; like diarrhea.

Diarrhetic, Diarrhœtic Di`ar·rhet"ic, Di`ar·rhœt"ic adjective (Medicine) Producing diarrhea, or a purging.

Diarthrodial Di`ar·thro"di·al adjective (Anat.) Relating to diarthrosis, or movable articulations.

Diarthrosis Di`ar·thro"sis noun [ New Latin , from Greek ..., from ... to joint, articulate; dia` through, asunder + ... to fasten by a joint, 'a`rqron joint.] (Anat.) A form of articulation which admits of considerable motion; a complete joint; abarticulation. See Articulation .

Diary Di"a·ry noun ; plural Diaries . [ Latin diarium , from dies day. See Deity .] A register of daily events or transactions; a daily record; a journal; a blank book dated for the record of daily memoranda; as, a diary of the weather; a physician's diary .

Diary Di"a·ry adjective lasting for one day; as, a diary fever. [ Obsolete] " Diary ague." Bacon.

Diaspora Di·as"po·ra noun [ Greek .... See Diaspore .] Lit., "Dispersion." -- applied collectively: (a) To those Jews who, after the Exile, were scattered through the Old World, and afterwards to Jewish Christians living among heathen. Confer James i. 1 . (b) By extension, to Christians isolated from their own communion, as among the Moravians to those living, usually as missionaries, outside of the parent congregation.

Diaspore Di"a·spore noun [ From Greek ... a scattering; dia` through, asunder + ... to sow, scatter like seed: confer French diaspore .] (Min.) A hydrate of alumina, often occurring in white lamellar masses with brilliant pearly luster; -- so named on account of its decrepitating when heated before the blowpipe.

Diastase Di"a·stase noun [ Greek ... separation, from ..., ... to stand apart; dia` through + ..., ..., to stand, set: confer French diastase . Confer Diastasis .] (Physiol. Chem.) A soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable of converting starch and dextrin into sugar.

» The name is more particularly applied to that ferment formed during the germination of grain, as in the malting of barley; but it is also occasionally used to designate the amylolytic ferment contained in animal fluids, as in the saliva.

Diastasic Di`a·sta"sic adjective Pertaining to, or consisting of, diastase; as, diastasic ferment.

Diastasis Di·as"ta·sis noun [ New Latin See Diastase .] (Surg.) A forcible separation of bones without fracture.

Diastatic Di`a·stat"ic adjective [ Greek ... separative. See Diastase .] (Physiol. Chem.) Relating to diastase; having the properties of diastase; effecting the conversion of starch into sugar.

The influence of acids and alkalies on the diastatic action of saliva.

Lauder Brunton.

Diastem Di"a·stem noun [ Latin diastema , Greek ..., from ...: confer French diastème .] (a) Intervening space; interval. (b) (Anc. Mus.) An interval.

Diastema Di`a·ste"ma noun [ Latin See Diastem .] (Anat.) A vacant space, or gap, esp. between teeth in a jaw.

Diaster Di·as"ter noun [ Greek di- = di`s- twice + ... star.] (Biol.) A double star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when, during cell division, the loops of the nuclear network separate into two groups, preparatory to the formation of two daughter nuclei. See Karyokinesis .

Diastole Di·as"to·le noun [ Latin , from Greek ..., from ... to put asunder, to separate; dia` through + ... to set, to place.] 1. (Physiol.) The rhythmical expansion or dilatation of the heart and arteries; -- correlative to systole, or contraction.

2. (Gram.) A figure by which a syllable naturally short is made long.

Diastolic Di`as·tol"ic adjective (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to diastole.

Diastyle Di"a·style noun [ Latin diastylus , Greek ...; dia` through, asunder + ... pillar, column: confer French diastyle .] (Architecture) See under Intercolumniation .

Diatessaron Di`a·tes"sa·ron noun [ Latin , from Greek ... (sc. ...); dia` through + ..., gen. of ... four (sc. ....).] 1. (Anc. Mus.) The interval of a fourth.

2. (Theol.) A continuous narrative arranged from the first four books of the New Testament.

3. An electuary compounded of four medicines.

Diathermal Di`a·ther"mal adjective [ Greek ... thoroughly warm; dia` through + ... warm, hot. Confer Diathermous .] Freely permeable by radiant heat.

Diathermancy, Diathermaneity Di`a·ther"man·cy, Di`a·ther`ma·ne"i·ty noun [ See Diathermanous .] The property of transmitting radiant heat; the quality of being diathermous. Melloni.

Diathermanism Di`a·ther"ma·nism noun The doctrine or the phenomena of the transmission of radiant heat. Nichol.

Diathermanous Di`a·ther"ma·nous adjective [ Greek ... to warm through; dia` through + ... to warm, ... warm.] Having the property of transmitting radiant heat; diathermal; -- opposed to athermanous .

Diathermic Di`a·ther"mic adjective Affording a free passage to heat; as, diathermic substances. Melloni.

Diathermometer Di`a·ther·mom"e·ter noun [ Greek ... warm + -meter . See Diathermal .] (Physics) An instrument for examining the thermal resistance or heat- conducting power of liquids.

Diathermous Di`a·ther"mous adjective Same as Diathermal .

Diathesis Di·ath"e·sis noun [ New Latin , from Greek ..., from ... to place separately, arrange; dia` through, asunder + ... to place, put.] (Medicine) Bodily condition or constitution, esp. a morbid habit which predisposes to a particular disease, or class of diseases.

Diathetic Di`a·thet"ic adjective Pertaining to, or dependent on, a diathesis or special constitution of the body; as, diathetic disease.

Diatom Di"a·tom (dī`ȧ*tŏm) noun [ Greek dia`tomos cut in two. See Diatomous .] 1. (Botany) One of the Diatomaceæ , a family of minute unicellular Algæ having a siliceous covering of great delicacy, each individual multiplying by spontaneous division. By some authors diatoms are called Bacillariæ , but this word is not in general use.

2. A particle or atom endowed with the vital principle.

The individual is nothing. He is no more than the diatom , the bit of protoplasm.

Mrs. E. Lynn Linton.

Diatomic Di`a·tom"ic (dī`ȧ*tŏm"ĭk) adjective [ Prefix di- + atomic .] (Chemistry) (a) Containing two atoms. (b) Having two replaceable atoms or radicals.

Diatomous Di·at"o·mous adjective [ Greek dia`tomos cut through, from diate`mnein to cut through; dia` through + te`mnein to cut. Confer Diatom .] (Min.) Having a single, distinct, diagonal cleavage; -- said of crystals. Mohs.

Diatonic Di`a·ton"ic (dī`ȧ*tŏn"ĭk) adjective [ Latin diatonicus , diatonus , Greek ..., ..., from ... to stretch out; dia` through + ... to stretch: confer French diatonique . See Tone .] (Mus.) Pertaining to the scale of eight tones, the eighth of which is the octave of the first.

Diatonic scale (Mus.) , a scale consisting of eight sounds with seven intervals, of which two are semitones and five are whole tones; a modern major or minor scale, as distinguished from the chromatic scale.

Diatonically Di`a·ton"ic·al·ly adverb In a diatonic manner.

Diatribe Di"a·tribe noun [ Latin diatriba a learned discussion, Greek ..., prop., a wearing away of time, from ... to rub away, spend time; dia` through + ... to rub: confer Latin terere , French trite : confer French diatribe .] A prolonged or exhaustive discussion; especially, an acrimonious or invective harangue; a strain of abusive or railing language; a philippic.

The ephemeral diatribe of a faction.

John Morley.

Diatribist Di·at"ri·bist noun One who makes a diatribe or diatribes.

Diatryma Di`a·try"ma noun [ New Latin , from Greek dia` through + ... hole.] (Paleon.) An extinct eocene bird from New Mexico, larger than the ostrich.

Diazeuctic, Diazeutic Di`a·zeuc"tic, Di`a·zeu"tic adjective [ Greek ... disjunctive, from ... to disjoin; dia` through, asunder + ... to join, yoke.] (Anc. Mus.) Disjoining two fourths; as, the diazeutic tone, which, like that from F to G in modern music, lay between two fourths, and, being joined to either, made a fifth. [ Obsolete]

Diazo- Di·az"o- [ Prefix di- + azo- ] (Chemistry) A combining form (also used adjectively), meaning pertaining to , or derived from , a series of compounds containing a radical of two nitrogen atoms , united usually to an aromatic radical; as, diazo- benzene, C ₆ H ₅ .N ₂ .OH.

» Diazo compounds are in general unstable, but are of great importance in recent organic chemistry. They are obtained by a partial reduction of the salts of certain amido compounds.

Diazo reactions (Chemistry) , a series of reactions whereby diazo compounds are employed in substitution. These reactions are of great importance in organic chemistry.

Diazotize Di·az"o·tize transitive verb (Chemistry) To subject to such reactions or processes that diazo compounds, or their derivatives, shall be produced by chemical exchange or substitution.

Dib Dib intransitive verb To dip. [ Prov. Eng.] Walton.

Dib Dib noun 1. One of the small bones in the knee joints of sheep uniting the bones above and below the joints.

2. plural A child's game, played with dib bones.

Dibasic Di·ba"sic adjective [ Prefix di- + basic .] (Chemistry) Having two acid hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by basic atoms or radicals, in forming salts; bibasic; -- said of acids, as oxalic or sulphuric acids. Confer Diacid , Bibasic .

» In the case of certain acids dibasic and divalent are not synonymous; as, tartaric acid is tetravalent and dibasic , lactic acid is divalent but monobasic .

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