Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

choreic abasia
abasia due to chorea of the limbs.

choreiform
(kә-re´ĭ-form) resembling chorea.

choreoathetosis
(kor″e-o-ath″ә-to´sis) a condition characterized by choreic and athetoid movements. adj., choreoath´etoid., adj.

chorioadenoma
(kor″e-o-ad″ә-no´mә) adenoma of the chorion. chorioadenoma destruens a form of hydatidiform mole in which molar chorionic villi penetrate into the myometrium and may invade the parametrium. Hydropic villi may be transported to distant sites, most often the lungs, b...

chorioallantois
(kor″e-o-ә-lan´to-is) an extraembryonic structure formed by union of the chorion and allantois, which by means of vessels in the associated mesoderm serves in gas exchange; in many mammals, it forms the placenta. adj., chorioallanto´ic., adj.

chorioamnionitis
(kor″e-o-am″ne-o-ni´tis) inflammation of the fetal membranes, most commonly due to bacterial or viral infection. It is usually the result of upward spread of vaginal organisms. Rupture of the amniotic membranes for over 24 hours before birth and prolonged labor are major predisposing factors. If the in...

chorioangioma
(kor″e-o-an″je-o´mә) an angioma of the chorion.

choriocarcinoma
(kor″e-o-kahr″sĭ-no´mә) a malignant neoplasm of trophoblastic cells formed by abnormal proliferation of the placental epithelium, without production of chorionic villi. It is a malignant variant of gestational thromboplastic disease and can occur following a full term pregnancy, pregnancy complica...

choriocele
(kor´e-o-sēl″) protrusion of the chorion through an aperture.

chorioepithelioma
(kor″e-o-ep″ĭ-the″le-o´mә) choriocarcinoma.

choriogenesis
(kor″e-o-jen´ә-sis) the development of the chorion.

choriogonadotropin
(kor″e-o-go´nә-do-tro″pin) chorionic gonadotropin. choriogonadotropin alfa human chorionic gonadotropin produced by recombinant technology, used to induce ovulation and pregnancy in certain infertile, anovulatory women, and to increase the numbers of oocytes for...

chorioid
(kor´e-oid) choroid.

chorioma
(kor″e-o´mә) any trophoblastic proliferation, benign or malignant. choriocarcinoma.

choriomeningitis
(kor″e-o-men″in-ji´tis) cerebral meningitis with lymphocytic infiltration of the choroid plexus. lymphocytic choriomeningitis a form of viral meningitis caused by an arenavirus; it usually occurs during the fall and winter months in adults between the ages of 20 and 40.

chorion
(kor´e-on) an extraembryonic fetal membrane, composed of trophoblast lined with mesoderm; it develops villi, becomes vascularized, and forms the fetal part of the placenta. chorion frondosum the placental part of the chorion; it is covered by villi. chorion laeve ...

chorionic
(kor″e-on´ik) pertaining to the chorion.

chorionic carcinoma
choriocarcinoma.

chorionic sac
the sac formed by the vertebrate chorion, surrounding the embryo, amniotic cavity, and amniotic sac and contributing to the fetal part of the placenta.

chorionic vesicle
chorionic sac.

chorionic villi
numerous branching projections from the external surface of the chorion that provide for exchange between the maternal and fetal circulation. Oxygen and nutrients in the maternal blood diffuse through the walls of the villi and enter the blood of the embryo or fetus. Carbon dioxide and waste products diffuse from blood in...

chorionic villus biopsy
chorionic villus sampling(CVS) sampling of chorionic villi from the villous area of the chorion, done for prenatal diagnosis at nine to 12 weeks of gestation; it has been used for prenatal diagnosis of fetal trisomies, hemoglobinopathies, and biochemical disorders. It allows first trimester diagnosis and direct ch...

chorioretinal
(kor″e-o-ret´ĭ-nәl) pertaining to the choroid and retina.

chorioretinitis
(kor″e-o-ret´ĭ-ni´tis) inflammation of the choroid and retina.

chorioretinopathy
(kor″e-o-ret″ĭ-nop´ә-the) a noninflammatory process involving both the choroid and retina.

choristoma
(kor″is-to´mә) a mass of histologically normal tissue in an abnormal location.

choroid
(kor´oid) the middle, vascular coat of the eye, between the sclera and the retina. adj., choroid´al., adj. It contains an abundant supply of blood vessels and a large amount of brown pigment that serves to reduce reflection or diffusion of light when it falls on the retina. Adequate nutrition of the eye is depe...

choroid plexus carcinoma
an aggressive anaplastic tumor representing malignant transformation of a choroid plexus papilloma.

choroid plexuses
infoldings of blood vessels of the pia mater covered by a thin coat of ependymal cells that form tufted projections into the third, fourth, and lateral ventricles of the brain; they secrete the cerebrospinal fluid.

choroidea
(kor-oid´e-ә) choroid.

choroideremia
(kor″oid-әr-e´me-ә) hereditary degeneration of the choroid of the eye, caused by a gene located on the X chromosome. In males, it eventually leads to blindness as degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium progresses to complete atrophy; in females, it is nonprogressive and vision is usually ...

choroiditis
(kor″oid-i´tis) inflammation of the choroid.

choroiditis guttata senilis
(kor″oid-i´tis gә-ta´tә se-ni´lis) Tay choroiditis

choroidocyclitis
(kor-oi″do-sik-li´tis) inflammation of the choroid and ciliary processes.

choroidoiritis
(kor-oi″do-i-ri´tis) inflammation of the choroid and iris.

choroidoretinitis
(kor-oi″do-ret″ĭ-ni´tis) inflammation of the choroid and retina.

Chotzen syndrome
(kot´zәn) an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by conical deformity of the head, mildly webbed fingers and toes, a wide space between the eyes, ptosis, and sometimes mental retardation. Called also acrocephalosyndactyly, type III.

Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome
(krist´ se´mәnz too-ren´) anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

Christensen-Krabbe disease
(kris´tәn-sәn krah´bә) Alpers disease.

Christian disease
(kris´chәn) Christian syndrome Hand-Schüller-Christian disease.

Christian-Weber disease
(kris´chәn va´bәr) Weber-Christian disease.

Christmas disease
(kris´mas) hemophilia B.

Christmas factor
factor IX.

chromaffin
(kro-maf´in) taking up and staining strongly with chromium salts, such as the chromaffin cells.

chromaffin cell tumor
pheochromocytoma.

chromaffin cells
a type of APUD cells that stain readily with chromium salts, their cytoplasmic granules taking on a characteristic brown color; they are found in the adrenal medulla and in scattered groups in various organs along with epinephrine-containing cells.

chromaffin system
the chromaffin cells of the body considered collectively.

chromaffin tissue
a tissue composed largely of chromaffin cells, well supplied with nerves and vessels; it occurs in the adrenal medulla and also forms the paraganglia of the body.

chromaffinoma
(kro-maf″ĭ-no´mә) any tumor containing chromaffin cells, such as a pheochromocytoma.

chromate
(kro´māt) any salt of chromic acid.

chromatic
(kro-mat´ik) pertaining to color; stainable with dyes. pertaining to chromatin.

chromatic granules
chromophilic granules Nissl bodies.

chromatid
(kro´mә-tid) one of the paired daughter strands, joined at the centromere, which make up a chromosome after it has replicated. After division of the centromere in mitosis or meiosis, each one of the pair becomes a separate chromosome.

chromatin
(kro´mә-tin) the complex of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and proteins (primarily histones, but also nonhistone proteins) in the eukaryotic cell nucleus, comprising the chromosomes. See also euchromatin and heterochromatin. adj., chromatin´ic, adj. . sex chromatin Barr body.

chromatin-negative
(kro″mә-tin-neg´ә-tiv) lacking sex chromatin (Barr body); characteristic of the somatic cell nuclei of normal human males or other individuals with only one X chromosome.

chromatin-positive
(kro″mә-tin-poz´ĭ-tiv) containing sex chromatin (Barr body); characteristic of the somatic cell nuclei of normal human females and other individuals with at least two X chromosomes.

chromatism
(kro´mә-tiz″әm) abnormal pigment deposits.

chromatogenous
(kro″mә-toj´ә-nәs) producing color or coloring matter.

chromatogram
(kro-mat´o-gram) the record produced by chromatography.

chromatograph
(kro-mat´o-graf) to analyze by chromatography. the apparatus used in chromatography.

chromatography
(kro″mә-tog´rә-fe) a technique for analysis of chemical substances; the substance to be analyzed is poured into a vertical glass tube containing an adsorbent and the various components of the substance move through the adsorbent at different rates of speed, according to their degree of attraction to it...

chromatoid body
one of the dense accumulations of RNA found in the cysts of certain amebae (e.g., Entamoeba species), manifested as a deeply staining rodlike body.

chromatolysis
(kro″mә-tol´ә-sis) the solution and disintegration of the chromatin of cell nuclei. disintegration of the Nissl bodies of a neuron as a result of injury, fatigue, or exhaustion.

chromatophil
(kro-mat´o-fil″) a cell or structure that stains easily. adj., chromatophil´ic., adj.

chromatophore
(kro-mat´o-for″) a pigment cell in animals or color-producing organelle in plant cells.

chromatopsia
(kro″mә-top´se-ә) a visual defect in which colored objects appear unnaturally colored and colorless objects appear tinged with color. The chromatopsias are named for the colors seen: cyanopsia, blue; chloropsia, green; erythropsia, red; xanthopsia, yellow. Chromatopsia may be caused by drugs, dis...

chromatoptometer
(kro″mә-top-tom´ә-tәr) a device for measuring color perception.

chromatoptometry
(kro″mә-top-tom´ә-tre) measurement of color perception.

chromatoscope
(kro-mat´o-skōp) an instrument used in chromatoscopy for testing color vision.

chromatoscopy
(kro″mә-tos´kә-pe) the testing of color vision using light beams to mix color stimuli. the diagnosis of renal function by the color of urine following administration of dyes; called also chromoscopy.

chromaturia
(kro″mә-tu´re-ә) abnormal coloration of the urine.

chrome ulcer
an ulcer on the skin or a mucous membrane produced by chromium or its salts; seen in persons who work with chromium or its compounds. Called also tanner's ulcer.

chromesthesia
(kro″mes-the´zhә) association of imaginary color sensations with actual sensations of taste, hearing, or smell.

chromhidrosis
(kro″mĭ-dro´sis) secretion of colored sweat.

chromic acid
(kro´mik) a dibasic acid, H2CrO4; its salts are called chromates. chromium trioxide.

chromium
(Cr) (kro´me-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 24, atomic weight 51.996. It is an essential dietary trace element, but hexavalent chromium is carcinogenic. chromium 51 a radioactive isotope of chromium having a half-life of 27.7 days and decaying by ...

Chromobacterium
(kro″mo-bak-tēr´e-әm) a genus of gram-negative, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, usually nonpathogenic rod-shaped bacteria; C. viola´ceum may cause abscesses, diarrhea, and urinary tract and systemic infections.

chromoblast
(kro´mo-blast) an embryonic cell that develops into a pigment cell.

chromoblastomycosis
(kro″mo-blas″to-mi-ko´sis) a chronic fungal infection of the skin, usually beginning at the site of a puncture wound or other trauma on one leg or foot, but sometimes involving other areas of the body, with wartlike nodules or papillomas that may or may not ulcerate. It is usually caused by Phialophora...

chromocystoscopy
(kro″mo-sis-tos´kә-pe) cystoscopy of the ureteral orifices after oral administration of a dye which is excreted in the urine.

chromocyte
(kro´mo-sīt) any colored or pigmented cell.

chromodacryorrhea
(kro″mo-dak″re-o-re´ә) the shedding of bloody tears.

chromogen
(kro´mo-jәn) any substance, itself without color, giving origin to a coloring matter.

chromogenesis
(kro″mo-jen´ә-sis) the formation of color or pigment.

chromogenic
(kro″mo-jen´ik) producing color or pigment.

chromomere
(kro´mo-mēr) one of the series of beadlike granules occurring along eukaryotic chromosomes, representing localized coiling and condensation of the chromatin.

chromomycosis
(kro″mo-mi-ko´sis) chromoblastomycosis.

chromonema
(kro″mo-ne´mә) pl. chromone´mata the coiled central thread of a chromatid along which lie the chromomeres. adj., chromone´mal., adj.

chromophil
(kro´mo-fil) any easily stainable structure. adj., chromophil´ic., adj.

chromophilous bodies
Nissl bodies.

chromophobe
(kro´mo-fōb) any cell, structure, or tissue that does not stain readily; applied especially to the chromophobe cells of the adenohypophysis.

chromophobe adenoma
chromophobic adenoma null-cell adenoma.

chromophobe cells
small faintly staining cells with scanty cytoplasm, found often in clusters in the center of the cell cords in the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary). They are increased in chromophobe or null-cell adenomas.

chromophobia
(kro″mo-fo´be-ә) the quality of staining poorly with dyes. adj., chromopho´bic., adj.

chromophore
(kro´mo-for) any chemical group whose presence gives a decided color to a compound and that unites with certain other groups (auxochromes) to form dyes; called also color radical.

chromophoric
(kro″mo-for´ik) bearing color. pertaining to a chromophore.

chromophose
(kro´mo-fōs) a subjective sensation of a spot of color in the eye.

chromopsia
(kro-mop´se-ә) chromatopsia.

chromoscopy
(kro-mos´kә-pe) chromatoscopy (def. 2).

chromosomal sex
sex as determined by the presence of the XX (female) or the XY (male) genotype in somatic cells, without regard to phenotypic manifestations. Called also genetic sex.