Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

cardiohepatic
(kahr″de-o-hә-pat´ik) pertaining to the heart and liver.

cardioinhibitor
(kahr″de-o-in-hib´ĭ-tәr) an agent that restrains the heart's action.

cardioinhibitory
(kahr″de-o-in-hib´ĭ-tor-e) restraining or inhibiting the heart movements.

cardioinhibitory center
a vasomotor center in the medulla oblongata that exerts an inhibitory influence on the heart.

cardiokinetic
(kahr″de-o-kĭ-net´ik) exciting or stimulating the heart. an agent that so acts.

cardiokymography
(kahr″de-o-ki-mog´rә-fe) the recording of the motion of the heart by means of the electrokymograph. adj., cardiokymograph´ic., adj.

cardiologist
(kahr″de-ol´ә-jist) one who specializes in cardiology.

cardiology
(kahr″de-ol´ә-je) study of the heart and its functions, including diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.

cardiolysis
(kahr″de-ol´ә-sis) the operation of freeing the heart from its adhesions to the sternal periosteum in adhesive mediastinopericarditis.

cardiomalacia
(kahr″de-o-mә-la´shә) morbid softening of the muscular substance of the heart.

cardiomegaly
(kahr″de-o-meg´ә-le) abnormal enlargement of the heart from either hypertrophy or dilatation.

cardiomelanosis
(kahr″de-o-mel″ә-no´sis) melanosis of the heart.

cardiomotility
(kahr″de-o-mo-til´ĭ-te) the movement of the heart; motility of the heart.

cardiomyoliposis
(kahr″de-o-mi″o-lĭ-po´sis) fatty degeneration of the heart muscle.

cardiomyopathy
(kahr″de-o-mi-op´ә-the) a general diagnostic term designating primary myocardial disease.

cardionephric
(kahr″de-o-nef´rik) cardiorenal.

cardioneural
(kahr″de-o-ndbobr´rәl) pertaining to the heart and nervous system.

cardiopathy
(kahr″de-op´ә-the) any disorder or disease of the heart.

cardiopericarditis
(kahr″de-o-per″ĭ-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the heart and pericardium.

cardiophobia
(kahr″de-o-fo´be-ә) irrational dread of heart disease.

cardioplasty
(kahr´de-o-plas″te) esophagogastroplasty.

cardioplegia
(kahr″de-o-ple´jә) arrest of myocardial contraction, as by use of chemical compounds or cold in cardiac surgery. adj., cardiopleg´ic., adj.

cardiopneumatic
(kahr″de-o-noo-mat´ik) pertaining to the heart and respiration.

cardioprotectant
(kahr″de-o-pro-tek´tәnt) counteracting cardiotoxic effects. an agent that so acts.

cardioprotective
(kahr″de-o-pro-tek´tiv) cardioprotectant.

cardioptosis
(kahr″de-op-to´sis) (kahr″de-o-to´sis) downward displacement of the heart.

cardiopulmonary
(kahr″de-o-pool´mә-nar-e) pertaining to the heart and lungs.

cardiopulmonary bypass
diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance to the right atrium directly to the aorta, usually via a pump oxygenator, avoiding both the heart and the lungs; a form of extracorporeal circulation used in heart surgery.

cardiopulmonary murmur
one produced by the impact of the heart against the lung.

cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR) the manual application of chest compressions and breathing in for patients in cardiac arrest, done in an effort to maintain viability until advanced help arrives. The preliminary steps are begun immediately: (1) calling for help; (2) establishing unresponsiveness in the victim by tapping or gently shaking an...

cardiopyloric
(kahr″de-o-pi-lor´ik) pertaining to the cardiac opening of the stomach and the pylorus.

cardiorenal
(kahr″de-o-re´nәl) pertaining to the heart and kidneys; called also nephrocardiac.

cardiorespiratory
(kahr″de-o-res´pĭ-rә-tor″e) cardiopulmonary.

cardiorespiratory sign
a change in the normal pulse-respiration ratio from 4:1 to 2:1; seen in infantile scurvy.

cardiorrhaphy
(kahr″de-or´ә-fe) suture of the heart muscle.

cardiorrhexis
(kahr″de-o-rek´sis) rupture of the heart.

cardiosclerosis
(kahr″de-o-sklә-ro´sis) fibrous induration of the heart.

cardioselective
(kahr″de-o-sә-lek´tiv) having greater activity on heart tissue than on other tissue.

cardiospasm
(kahr´de-o-spaz″әm) achalasia of the esophagus.

cardiotachometer
(kahr″de-o-tә-kom´ә-tәr) an instrument for continuously portraying or recording the heart rate.

cardiotachometry
(kahr″de-o-tә-kom´ә-tre) continuous recording of the heart rate for long periods.

cardiotherapy
(kahr″de-o-ther´ә-pe) the treatment of diseases of the heart.

cardiothoracic ratio
on a chest radiograph, the ratio of the transverse diameter of the heart to the internal diameter of the chest at its widest point just above the dome of the diaphragm.

cardiotocograph
(kahr″de-o-to´ko-graf) the instrument used in cardiotocography.

cardiotocography
(kahr″de-o-to-kog´rә-fe) the monitoring of the fetal heart rate and uterine contractions, as during delivery.

cardiotomy
(kahr″de-ot´ә-me) surgical incision of the heart. surgical incision into the cardia.

cardiotonic
(kahr″de-o-ton´ik) having a tonic effect on the heart. an agent that so acts.

cardiotoxic
(kahr´de-o-tok″sik) having a poisonous or deleterious effect upon the heart.

cardiovalvular
(kahr″de-o-val´vu-lәr) pertaining to the valves of the heart.

cardiovalvulotome
(kahr″de-o-val´vu-lә-tōm″) an instrument for incising a heart valve.

cardiovascular
(kahr″de-o-vas´ku-lәr) pertaining to the heart and blood vessels.

cardiovascular control centers
vasomotor centers.

cardiovascular exercise
exercises to improve the capacity of the cardiovascular system. They must be done at least twice weekly, with most types being done three to five or more times weekly. The contraction of major muscle groups must be repeated often enough to increase the heart rate to a specific “target level.” These are used in...

cardiovascular shunt
an abnormality of the blood flow between the sides of the heart or between the systemic and pulmonary circulation; see left-to-right shunt and right-to-left shunt.

cardiovascular system
the heart and blood vessels, by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body; see also circulatory system.

cardioversion
(kahr´de-o-vur″zhәn) the delivery of a direct current countershock synchronized with the QRS complex to the myocardium in order to end tachydysrhythmias and restore sinoatrial control of the heart rhythm through depolarization of the entire myocardium. The depolarization interrupts reentry circuits, thus end...

cardioverter
(kahr´de-o-vur″tәr) the apparatus that delivers a direct current countershock to the heart in cardioversion. automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator , implantable cardioverter-defibrillator see under defibrillator.

Cardiovirus
(kahr´de-o-vi″rәs) a genus of viruses of the family Picornaviridae that cause encephalomyelitis and myocarditis.

carditis
(kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the heart; myocarditis.

care
(kār) the services rendered by members of the health professions for the benefit of a patient. See also treatment.

caregiver
(kār´giv″әr) a lay individual who assumes responsibility for the physical and emotional needs of another who is incapable of self care.

caretaker
(kār´tāk″әr) caregiver.

CARF
Commission on the Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities.

caries
(kar´ēz) (kar´e-ēz) decay, as of bone or teeth. adj., ca´rious., adj.

carina
(kә-ri´nә) pl. cari´nae a ridgelike structure. carina tracheae a downward and backward projection of the lowest tracheal cartilage, forming a ridge between the openings of the right and left principal bronchi. carina urethralis vaginae t...

cariogenesis
(kar″e-o-jen´ә-sis) the development of caries.

cariogenic
(kar″e-o-jen´ik) conducive to caries.

carious
(kar´e-әs) affected with or of the nature of caries.

carisoprodol
(kar″i-so-pro´dol) an analgesic and skeletal muscle relaxant used to relieve symptoms of acute painful skeletomuscular disorders, administered orally.

Carman sign
Carman-Kirklin signCarman-Kirklin meniscus sign meniscus sign.

carminative
(kahr-min´ә-tiv) relieving flatulence. an agent that so acts.

carmustine
(kahr-mus´tēn) a cytotoxic alkylating agent of the nitrosourea group, used as an antineoplastic agent, primarily against brain tumors, multiple myeloma, colorectal carcinoma, Hodgkin disease, and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Called also BCNU.

Carnett sign
a test for parietal tenderness: the abdomen is palpated while the patient holds the anterior abdominal muscles tense; the tense muscles prevent the examiner's fingers from coming in contact with the underlying viscera and any tenderness elicited over them will be parietal in location. Tenderness elicited over relaxed musc...

Carney complex
Carney syndrome (kahr´ne) an autosomal dominant symptom complex consisting of myxomas of the soft tissues; spotty skin pigmentation; tumors of the adrenal gland, pituitary, and testicle; and schwannomas of peripheral nerves.

carnitine
(kahr´nĭ-tēn) a derivative of betaine found in skeletal muscle and liver; it is necessary for the mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids.

Carnivora
(kahr-niv´ә-rә) an order of mammals that eat primarily flesh and have teeth adapted for that purpose, as well as a simple stomach and a short intestine. Included are the dog family, the cat family, bears, walruses, raccoons, and numerous others.

carnivore
(kahr´nĭ-vor) any animal that eats primarily flesh, particularly a mammal of the order Carnivora. adj., carniv´orous., adj.

carnosinase
(kahr´no-sĭ-nās″) an enzyme that hydrolyzes carnosine and other dipeptides that contain L-histidine into their constituent amino acids.

carnosine
(kahr´no-sēn) a dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and histidine, found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates.

carnosinemia
(kahr″no-sĭ-ne´me-ә) excessive amounts of carnosine in the blood; it has been associated with a progressive neurologic disease characterized by severe mental defect and myoclonic seizures, and is probably due to a genetic deficiency of carnosinase in the serum.

carnosinuria
(kahr″no-sĭ-nu´re-ә) an aminoaciduria characterized by an excess of carnosine in the urine; it occurs in carnosinemia or may be dietary in origin, especially in young children.

Caroli disease
(kah-ro-le´) congenital dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts.

carotene
(kar´ә-tēn) a yellow or red pigment found in many dark green, leafy, and yellow vegetables such as collards, turnips, carrots, sweet potatoes, and squash, as well as in yellow fruit, milk, egg yolk, and body fat. It exists in four forms (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-carotene), all of which can ...

carotenemia
(kar″ә-tә-ne´me-ә) hypercarotenemia.

carotenodermia
(kә-rot″ә-no-dur´me-ә) yellowness of the skin due to carotenemia.

carotenoid
(kә-rot´ә-noid) any member of a group of red, orange, or yellow pigmented lipids found in carrots, sweet potatoes, green leaves, and some animal tissues; examples are the carotenes, lycopene, and xanthophyll. marked by yellow color. lipochrome.

carotenosis
(kar″o-tә-no´sis) deposition of carotene in tissues, especially the skin.

caroticotympanic
(kә-rot″ĭ-ko-tim-pan´ik) pertaining to the carotid canal or carotid artery and the tympanic cavity of the middle ear.

caroticotympanic arteries
branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery that supply the tympanic cavity.

caroticotympanic canals
tiny passages in the temporal bone connecting the carotid canal and the tympanic cavity, carrying communicating twigs between the internal carotid and tympanic plexuses.

caroticotympanic nerves
origin, internal carotid plexus; together with tympanic nerve, these nerves form the tympanic plexus; distribution, tympanic region and parotid gland; modality, sympathetic.

carotid
(kә-rot´id) pertaining to the principal artery of the neck (the common carotid artery).

carotid artery
see common carotid artery, external carotid artery, and internal carotid artery.

carotid bifurcation
the site where the common carotid artery divides into the external carotid artery and internal carotid artery, usually marked by a dilatation, the carotid sinus. Carotid bifurcation.

carotid body
a small neurovascular structure lying in the bifurcation of the right and left carotid arteries, containing chemoreceptors that monitor the oxygen content of the blood and help to regulate respiration. Carotid body, located beneath the carotid bifurcation and innervated by a plexus of glossophar...

carotid body tumor
a chemodectoma of the carotid body, found as a firm round mass at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery.

carotid canal
one in the petrous part of the temporal bone, transmitting the internal carotid artery to the cranial cavity.

carotid ganglion
an occasional small enlargement in the internal carotid plexus.

carotid plexuses
nerve plexuses surrounding the common, external, and internal carotid arteries.

carotid pulse
the pulse felt over the carotid artery, which is between the larynx and the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck; frequently used to assess effectiveness of cardiac massage during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.