Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

Rougnon-Heberden disease
(rldbomacn-yaw´ heb´әr-dәn) angina pectoris.

rouleau
(roo-lo´) an abnormal group of red blood cells stuck together like a pile of coins.

round atelectasis
rounded atelectasis a localized, reversible form in subjacent peripheral tissue, often following pleural effusion and characterized by focal pleural scarring.

round cell
any cell having a spherical shape, especially a lymphocyte.

round ligament of femur
a broad ligament arising from the fatty cushion of the acetabulum and inserted on the head of the femur.

round ligament of liver
a fibrous cord from the navel to the anterior border of the liver.

round ligament of uterus
a fibromuscular band attached to the uterus near the fallopian tube, passing through the abdominal ring, and into the labium majus.

round window
a round opening in the middle ear covered by the secondary tympanic membrane; called also cochlear window and fenestra cochleae.

roundworm
(round´wәrm) any member of the class Nematoda, somewhat resembling common earthworms in appearance; many are found as parasites in humans or other animals. Those most frequently infecting humans include Ascaris lumbricoides (see ascariasis); Enterobius vermicularis (the pinworm; see enterobiasis); the hookworm (se...

Rous sarcoma
a type of tumor found in fowls, caused by the Rous sarcoma virus.

Rous sarcoma virus
a usually defective virus that causes Rous sarcoma.

Rous test
(for hemosiderin in urine) the urine sample is centrifuged; to the sediment add 5 mL of a 2 per cent solution of potassium ferrocyanide and 5 mL of a 1 per cent solution of hydrochloric acid. Hemosiderin granules stain blue.

Rous-associated virus
a helper virus in whose presence a defective Rous sarcoma virus is able to form a protein coat.

Roussy-Dejerine syndrome
(roo-se´ dĕ-zhĕ-rēn´) thalamic syndrome.

Roussy-Lévy syndrome
(roo-se´ la-ve´) a slowly progressive autosomal dominant disorder in which sensory ataxia is associated with areflexia, atrophy of muscles of distal extremities, especially the peroneus muscles, static tremor of the hands, pes cavus or clawfoot, and sometimes kyphoscoliosis. Called also >hereditary areflexic dy...

Roux-en-Y
(roo-en-wi; Fr. roo-ahn-e-grek´) denoting any Y-shaped anastomosis in which the small intestine is included.

Roux-en-Y anastomosis
Roux-en-Y operation any Y-shaped surgical anastomosis in which the small intestine is included; after division of the small intestine segment, the distal end is implanted into another organ, such as the stomach or esophagus, and the proximal end into the small intestine below the anastomosis to provide drainage without ref...

Rovsing sign
(rov´sing) pressure on the left side over the point corresponding to the McBurney point will elicit pain at the McBurney point typical of appendicitis.

Rovsing syndrome
(rov´sing) horseshoe kidney with nausea, abdominal discomfort, and pain on hyperextension.

Rozycki syndrome
(ro´zĭ-ke) a rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by deafness, vitiligo, short stature, and muscle wasting

RPF
renal plasma flow.

rpm
revolutions per minute.

RPR test
rapid plasma reagin test.

RQ
respiratory quotient.

rRNA
ribosomal RNA.

RS cells
Reed-Sternberg cells.

RS virus
respiratory syncytial virus.

RSA
right sacroanterior (position/presentation of the fetus). See presentation.

RScA
right scapuloanterior (position/presentation of the fetus). See presentation.

RScP
right scapuloposterior (position/presentation of the fetus). See presentation.

RSP
right sacroposterior (position/presentation of the fetus). See presentation.

RST
right sacrotransverse (position/presentation of the fetus). See presentation.

RSV
respiratory syncytial virus.

Ru
ruthenium.

RU-486
mifepristone.

rub
(rub) to move something over a surface with friction. the action of such movement. friction rub. friction rub an auscultatory sound caused by the rubbing together of two serous surfaces, as in pericardial rub; called also rub. pericardial rub&nbs...

rubbing alcohol
a preparation of acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethanol, used as a rubefacient.

rubefacient
(roo″bә-fa´shәnt) reddening the skin by producing local vasodilation with hyperemia. an agent that so acts.

rubella
(roo-bel´ә) a mild systemic disease caused by a virus, not as contagious as chickenpox or measles, but with frequent epidemics among schoolchildren, usually during the spring and early summer. The virus is spread by direct contact and by droplet infection. Rubella begins with a slight cold, fever, and sore throat....

rubella cataract
a congenital nuclear cataract caused by maternal rubella during the first trimester of pregnancy.

rubella syndrome
congenital rubella syndrome.

rubella virus
a togavirus that is the etiologic agent of rubella.

rubella virus vaccine live
a live attenuated virus vaccine used for immunization against rubella, usually administered as the combination measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine.

rubeola
(roo-be´o-lә) (roo-be-o´lә) measles. French and Spanish for rubella.

rubeosis
(roo″be-o´sis) redness. rubeosis iridis a condition characterized by a new formation of vessels and connective tissue on the surface of the iris, frequently seen in diabetics.

ruber
(roo´bәr) Latin word meaning red; a term used in anatomy.

rubescent
(roo-bes´әnt) growing red; reddish.

rubidium
(Rb) (roo-bid´e-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 37, atomic weight 85.47. rubidium 82 a radioactive isotope of rubidium having a half-life of 1.273 minutes and decaying by positron emission. It is used as a tracer in positron emission tomography.

Rubin test
(roo´bin) a test for patency of the fallopian tubes, made by transuterine inflation with carbon dioxide gas; called also tubal insufflation.

Rubinstein syndrome
(roo´bin-stīn) Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome a congenital condition characterized by mental and motor retardation, broad thumbs and great toes, short stature, characteristic facies including high-arched palate and straight or beaked nose, various eye abnormalities, pulmonary stenosis, keloid formation in surgical ...

Rubivirus
(roo´bĭ-vi″rәs) rubella virus; a genus of viruses of the family Togaviridae that contains the causative agent of rubella.

Rubner test
(for carbon monoxide in blood) shake the blood with 4 or 5 volumes of lead acetate in solution: if the blood contains CO, it will retain its bright color; if not, it becomes a chocolate brown. (for lactose, glucose, maltose, or fructose in urine) add lead acetate to the urine, boil, and then add an excess of ammon...

rubor
(roo´bor) Latin word meaning redness, one of the cardinal signs of inflammation.

rubriblast
(roo´brĭ-blast) proerythroblast.

rubric
(roo´brik) red; specifically, pertaining to the red nucleus.

rubricyte
(roo´brĭ-sīt) polychromatophilic erythroblast.

rubrospinal
(roo″bro-spi´nәl) pertaining to the red nucleus and the spinal cord.

rubrothalamic
(roo″bro-thә-lam´ik) pertaining to the red nucleus and the thalamus.

Rubulavirus
(roo´bu-lә-vi″rәs) [L. rubula inflans mumps] a genus of viruses of the subfamily Paramyxovirinae (family Paramyxoviridae) containing a number of species that cause disease in humans and other animals.

rucksack paralysis
a disorder of motor and sensory function of the upper limbs as a result of damage to the brachial plexus caused by the wearing of a backpack (rucksack).

Rud syndrome
(rood) congenital syndrome consisting of ichthyosis simplex, mental deficiency, epilepsy, and infantilism.

rudiment
(roo´dĭ-mәnt) an organ or part having little or no function but that has functioned at an earlier stage in the same individual or in ancestors. primordium.

rudimentary
(roo″dĭ-men´tә-re) imperfectly developed. vestigial.

rudimentary bone
a bone that has only partially developed.

rudimentary testis syndrome
vanishing testes syndrome.

rudimentum
(roo″dĭ-men´tәm) rudiment; in NA, the first indication of a structure in the course of its embryonic development.

ruga
(roo´gә) Latin word meaning ridge, wrinkle, or fold; a term used in anatomy.

Ruggeri reflex
Ruggeri sign acceleration of the pulse following strong convergence of the eyeballs toward something very close to the eyes; it indicates sympathetic excitability.

rugose
(roo´gōs) marked by ridges; wrinkled.

rugosity
(roo-gos´ĭ-te) the condition of being rugose. a fold, wrinkle, or ruga.

RUL
right upper lobe (of lung).

rule
(rldbomacl) a statement of conditions commonly observed in a given situation, or of a prescribed procedure to obtain a given result. For specific rules, see specific names, as M'Naghten rule. rule of nines a method of estimating the extent of burns, expressed as a percentage of tota...

ruler test
Hamilton test.

ruminant
(roo´mĭ-nәnt) chewing the cud. an animal that has a stomach with four complete cavities, and that characteristically regurgitates undigested food from the rumen, the first stomach, and masticates it when at rest.

rumination
(roo″mĭ-na´shәn) in ruminants, the casting up of food out of the rumen and chewing of it a second time. in humans, the regurgitation of food after almost every meal, part of it being vomited and the rest swallowed; this is sometimes seen in infants (rumination disorder of infancy) and in i...

rumination disorder
an eating disorder seen in infants under one year of age; after a period of normal eating habits, the child begins excessive regurgitation and rechewing of food, which is then ejected from the mouth or reswallowed; if untreated, death from malnutrition may occur.

rump
(rump) the buttock or gluteal region.

Rumpel-Leede phenomenon
Rumpel-Leede signRumpel-Leede test the appearance of minute subcutaneous hemorrhages below the area at which a tourniquet is applied not too tightly for ten minutes upon the upper arm; characteristic of scarlet fever and hemorrhagic diathesis.

runaway pacemaker
a malfunctioning artificial cardiac pacemaker that abruptly accelerates its pacing rate, resulting in pacemaker-induced ventricular tachycardia.

Rundles-Falls syndrome
(run´dәlz fawlz´) hereditary sideroblastic anemia.

runting syndrome
graft-vs.-host reaction characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis, hepatosplenomegaly, hemolytic anemia, and pancytopenia.

rupia
(roo´pe-ә) thick, dark, raised, lamellated, adherent crusts on the skin, somewhat resembling oyster shells, as in late recurrent secondary syphilis. adj., ru´pial., adj.

rupture
(rup´chәr) tearing or disruption of tissue. to forcibly disrupt tissue. hernia.

ruptured disk
herniated disk.

RUQ
right upper quadrant (of abdomen).

rush
(rush) peristaltic rush; a powerful wave of contractile activity that travels very long distances down the small intestine, caused by intense irritation or unusual distention.

Russell bodies
globular plasma cell inclusions, mucoprotein in nature, containing surface gamma globulin, and representing aggregates of immunoglobulins synthesized by the cell; they are seen in both chronic inflammatory and malignant disorders. Called also fuchsin bodies.

Russell syndrome
(rus´әl) Russell-Silver syndrome (rus´әl sil´vәr) Silver-Russell syndrome.

Russell viper venom test
Stypven time test.

Russian spring-summer encephalitis
a severe form of tick-borne encephalitis, acquired usually in forests from infected ticks, but sometimes by other means, such as by ingestion of the flesh or milk of infected animals. It ranges in severity from mild to fatal, with degenerative changes in organs other than those of the nervous system.

Rust disease
(roost) tuberculous spondylitis of the cervical vertebrae.

Rust syndrome
(roost) stiff neck, stiff carriage of the head, with the necessity of grasping the head with both hands in lying down or rising up from a horizontal posture, occurring in tuberculosis, cancer, fracture of the spine, rheumatic or arthritic processes, or syphilitic periostitis.

ruthenium
(Ru) (roo-the´ne-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 44, atomic weight 101.07.

rutherford
(ruth´әr-ford) a unit of radioactive disintegration, representing one million disintegrations per second.

Ruttan and Hardisty test
(for blood) blood in the presence of a 4 per cent glacial acetic acid solution of orthotoluidine and hydrogen peroxide gives a bluish color.

Ruvalcaba syndrome
(roo″vahl-ka´bә) a syndrome of unknown etiology but present from birth in males; it is characterized by microcephaly, skeletal abnormalities, hypoplastic genitalia, and mental and physical retardation.

Ruysch muscle
(roish) the muscular tissue of the fundus uteri.

RV
residual volume.

rye
(ri) the cereal plant Secale cereale, and its nutritious seed.

SA
surgeon assistant.