Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

Lund-Browder classification
(lund´ brou´dәr) a method for estimating the extent of burns in children, allowing for the varying proportion of body surface in those of different ages. It is used instead of the rule of nines, because the heads of children occupy a larger area and their lower limbs a smaller area than those of adults.

Lundh test
(for pancreatic function) a liquid test meal is administered, containing protein, fat, and sugar; the trypsin concentration in duodenal aspirates is then measured for several hours. A decrease in trypsin concentration indicates abnormally low pancreatic secretion. Called also Lundh test meal.

lung
(lung) either of two large organs lying within the chest cavity, one on either side of the heart; they supply the blood with oxygen inhaled from the outside air and dispose of waste carbon dioxide in the exhaled air, as a part of the process known as respiration. Other functions include filtration of blood, serving as reservo...

lung abscess
an infection of the lung with a localized collection of pus and tissue destruction. It may be a complication of pneumonia or tuberculosis or may follow aspiration of food or fluid. Lung cancer can also cause abscesses. The first symptoms include a dry cough and chest pain; these may be followed by fever, chills, productive coug...

lung calculus
a hard mass or concretion formed in the bronchi around a small center of inorganic material, or from calcified portions of lung tissue or adjacent lymph nodes. Called also pneumolith.

lung cancer
malignant growths of the lung. Inhaled carcinogens are common causes, such as mineral dust in mines and fumes in polluted air caused by burning fuels or motor exhausts. The most obvious carcinogen, however, and the one most widely encountered, is tobacco smoke (see smoking). Since the factors causing lung cancer act slowly and ...

lung compliance
a measure of the ability of the lung to expand without disruption in response to pressure; it expresses the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of pressure (mL/cm H2O). Compliance or distensibility of the lung is increased in conditions such as emphysema (the lung distends too easily), and is decreased in fibrotic condit...

lung fluke disease
paragonimiasis.

lungworm
(lung´wәrm) any parasitic worm that invades the lungs, such as Paragonimus westermani in humans.

lunula
(loo´nu-lә) a small, crescentic or moon-shaped area or structure, such as the white area at the base of the nail of a finger or toe, or one of the segments of the semilunar valves of the heart.

lupiform
(loo´pĭ-form) lupoid.

lupoid
(loo´poid) pertaining to or resembling lupus.

lupoid ulcer
a skin ulcer resembling a lesion of lupus.

Lupron
(loo´pron) trademark for a preparation of leuprolide, an antineoplastic agent.

lupus
(loo´pәs) a name formerly given to a destructive type of skin lesion, now used mainly to refer to systemic lupus erythematosus.

lupus band test
an immunofluorescence test to determine the presence and extent of immunoglobulin and complement deposits at the dermal-epidermal junction of skin specimens from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

lupus erythematosus
(LE) (loo´pәs er″ә-them″ә-to´sәs) a group of connective tissue disorders primarily affecting women aged 20 to 40, comprising a spectrum of clinical forms in which cutaneous disease may occur with or without systemic involvement. The two principal types are cutan...

lupus erythematosus hypertrophicus
(loo´pәs er″ә-them″ә-to´sәs hi″pә-tro´fĭ-kәs) hypertrophic l. erythematosus.

lupus erythematosus profundus
(loo´pәs er″ә-them″ә-to´sәs pro-fun´dәs) a rare chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus characterized by dermal and subcutaneous inflammatory involvement, with deep, firm nodules, often without surface change; usually on the head, upper arms, chest, buttocks, or thighs.

lupus erythematosus tumidus
(loo´pәs er″ә-them″ә-to´sәs too´mĭ-dәs) a variant of discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus in which the lesions consist of raised red, purple, or brown plaques that may resemble the lesions of erysipelas or cellulitis.

lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei
(loo´pәs mil″e-ar´is dĭ-sem″ĭ-na´tәs fa´she-i) a papular eruption on the central part of the face of adults, which heals spontaneously but leaves scarring.

lupus nephritis
glomerulonephritis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

lupus pernio
(loo´pәs pur´ne-o) soft, purplish skin lesions on the cheeks, forehead, nose, ears, and digits, frequently associated with bone cysts, which may be the first manifestation of sarcoidosis or occur in the chronic stage of the disease. chilblain lupus erythematosus.

lupus pleuritis
pleurisy, pleural effusion, and fever in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

lupus vulgaris
(loo´pәs vәl-gar´is) the most common and severe form of tuberculosis of the skin, usually on the face, with formation of red-brown patches of nodules in the dermis, which progressively spread peripherally with central atrophy, causing ulceration and scarring and destruction of cartilage in involved sites.

lupus-like syndrome
see systemic lupus erythematosus.

Luschka ducts
(lldbomacsh´kah) tubular structures in the wall of the gallbladder; some are connected with bile ducts, but none with the lumen of the gallbladder.

lute
(lldbomact) a substance such as cement, wax, or clay that coats a joint area to make a tight seal; called also luting agent. to coat with such a substance.

luteal
(loo´te-әl) pertaining to or having the properties of the corpus luteum or its active principle.

luteal cells
lutein cells the plump, pale-staining, polyhedral cells of the corpus luteum.

luteal phase
the phase of the ovarian cycle, lasting from ovulation to menstruation, during which the ovarian follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone; it corresponds to the secretory phase in the uterus. If fertilization and conception do not take place, the estrogen level falls and the menstrual phase begins.

lutein
(loo´te-in) a lipochrome from the corpus luteum, fat cells, and egg yolk. any lipochrome.

lutein cyst
a cyst of the ovary developed from a corpus luteum.

luteinic
(loo″te-in´ik) pertaining to lutein or to luteinization. luteal.

luteinization
(loo″te-in″ĭ-za´shәn) the process taking place in the luteal cells of graafian follicles that have matured and discharged their eggs: the cells become hypertrophied and there is vascularization and lipid accumulation (the latter in some species giving a yellow color), the follicles then become cor...

luteinizing hormone
(LH) an anterior pituitary hormone that is a gonadotropin and acts with follicle-stimulating hormone to cause ovulation of mature graafian follicles and secretion of estrogen by theca cells and granulosa cells of the ovary; it is also concerned with corpus luteum formation. In the male, it stimulates development of the ...

Lutembacher syndrome
(loo´tәm-bahk″әr) mitral stenosis associated with atrial septal defect.

luteolysin
(loo″te-ol´ә-sin) a substance that causes degeneration of corpus luteum.

luteolysis
(loo″te-ol´ә-sis) degeneration of corpus luteum.

luteoma
(loo″te-o´mә) a luteinized granulosa-theca cell tumor. nodular hyperplasia of ovarian lutein cells sometimes occurring in the last trimester of pregnancy.

luteotroph
(loo´te-o-trōf″) lactotroph.

luteotropic
(loo″te-o-tro´pik) stimulating formation of the corpus luteum.

lutetium
( Lu) (loo-te´she-әm) a chemical element, atomic number 71, atomic weight 174.97.

luting agent
lute (def. 1).

Lutz-Splendore-Almeida disease
(lldbomacts´ splen-do´ra ahl-ma´dah) paracoccidioidomycosis.

lux
(lx) (luks) the SI unit of illumination, being 1 lumen per square meter.

luxation
(lәk-sa´shәn) dislocation.

LVN
Licensed Vocational Nurse.

lyase
(li´ās) any of a class of enzymes that remove groups from their substrates (other than by hydrolysis), leaving double bonds, or that conversely add groups to double bonds.

lycanthropy
(li-kan´thrә-pe) a delusion in which the individual believes they are a wolf or other animal or that they can change into one.

Lücke test
(for hippuric acid) add boiling hot nitric acid, evaporate, and heat the dry residue; a strong odor of nitrobenzene proves the presence of hippuric acid.

lycoperdonosis
(li″ko-pur″do-no´sis) hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to inhalation of spores of the puffball fungus, Lycoperdon.

lye
(li) an alkaline percolate from wood ashes; household lye is a crude mixture of sodium hydroxide with some sodium carbonate.

Lyell syndrome
(li´әl) toxic epidermal necrolysis.

lying-in
(li″ing-in´) puerperal. puerperium.

Lyme arthritis
Lyme disease.

Lyme disease
(līm) a recurrent, multisystem disease caused by infection with the spirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi.Vectors for human infection are the ticks Ixodes scapularis and I. pacificus; tick control is one of the most important aspects of control of the disease. After a person has been in an area where ticks may be present,...

lymph
(limf) a transparent, usually slightly yellow, often opalescent liquid found within the lymphatic vessels, collected from tissues in all parts of the body and returned to the blood via the lymphatic system. It is about 95 per cent water; the remainder consists of plasma proteins and other chemical substances contained in the ...

lymph cell
lymphocyte.

lymph follicle
lymphatic follicle lymph node. lymphatic nodule (def. 2).

lymph gland
lymph node.

lymph node
any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels; they consist of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part. Lymph nodes are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by ...

lymph node dissection
lymphadenectomy.

lymph node permeability factor
(LNPF) a substance from normal lymph nodes that produces vascular permeability.

lymph space
any space in tissue occupied by lymph.

lympha
(lim´fә) Latin word meaning lymph; a term used in anatomy.

lymphadenectomy
(lim-fad″ә-nek´tә-me) excision of one or more lymph nodes, usually for examination. Called also lymph node dissection. retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy surgical removal of lymph nodes in the retroperitoneal space, usually because of cancer metastasis, such as from carcino...

lymphadenitis
(lim-fad″ә-ni´tis) inflammation of one or more lymph nodes, usually caused by a primary focus of infection elsewhere in the body.

lymphadenocele
(lim-fad´ә-no-sēl″) a cyst of a lymph node.

lymphadenogram
(lim-fad´ә-no-gram″) the film produced by lymphadenography.

lymphadenography
(lim-fad″ә-nog´rә-fe) radiography of lymph nodes after injection of a contrast medium in a lymphatic vessel.

lymphadenoid
(lim-fad´ә-noid) resembling the tissues of the lymph nodes; lymphadenoid tissue includes the spleen, bone marrow, tonsils, and the lymphoid tissues of the organs and mucous membranes.

lymphadenoid tissue
tissue resembling that of lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, tonsils, and lymph vessels.

lymphadenoma
(lim-fad″ә-no´mә) lymphoma.

lymphadenopathy
(lim-fad″ә-nop´ә-the) disease of the lymph nodes, usually with swelling. Called also adenopathy.

lymphadenopathy syndrome
a condition seen in immunocompromised persons, characterized by unexplained lymphadenopathy of extrainguinal nodes that lasts for three or more months and on biopsy reveals nonspecific lymphoid hyperplasia.

lymphadenopathy-associated virus
(LAV) former name for human immunodeficiency virus 1.

lymphadenotomy
(lim-fad″ә-not´ә-me) incision of a lymph node.

lymphagogue
(lim´fә-gog) an agent promoting the production of lymph.

lymphangial
(lim-fan´je-әl) pertaining to a lymphatic vessel.

lymphangiectasia
(lim-fan″je-әk-ta´zhә) lymphangiectasis.

lymphangiectasis
(lim-fan″je-ek´tә-sis) dilatation of the lymphatic vessels. adj., lymphangiectat´ic., adj.

lymphangiectomy
(lim-fan″je-ek´tә-me) excision of a lymphatic vessel or vessels.

lymphangiitis
(lim-fan″je-i´tis) lymphangitis.

lymphangioendothelioma
(lim-fan″je-o-en″do-the″le-o´mә) lymphangioma in which endothelial cells are the main component.

lymphangiofibroma
(lim-fan″je-o-fi-bro´mә) a fibrosing lymphangioma.

lymphangiogram
(lim-fan´je-o-gram″) the film produced by lymphangiography.

lymphangiography
(lim-fan″je-og´rә-fe) angiography of lymphatic vessels.

lymphangioleiomyomatosis
(lim-fan″je-o-li″o-mi″o-mә-to´sis) lymphangiomyomatosis.

lymphangiology
(lim-fan″je-ol´ә-je) the scientific study of the lymphatic system.

lymphangioma
(lim-fan″je-o´mә) a benign tumor composed of newly formed lymph spaces and channels. adj., lymphangio´matous., adj. lymphangioma cavernosum , cavernous lymphangioma a deeply situated lymphangioma, composed of cavernous lymphatic spaces, and always occ...

lymphangiomyomatosis
(lim-fan″je-o-mi″o-mә-to´sis) a progressive disorder of women of child-bearing age, marked by nodular and diffuse interstitial proliferation of smooth muscle in the lungs, lymph nodes, and thoracic duct. Called also lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

lymphangiophlebitis
(lim-fan″je-o-flә-bi´tis) inflammation of lymphatic vessels and veins.

lymphangiosarcoma
(lim-fan″je-o-sahr-ko´mә) a malignant tumor of lymphatic vessels, usually arising in a limb that is the site of chronic lymphedema.

lymphangioscintigraphy
(LAS) (lim-fan″je-o-sin-tig´rah-fe) scintigraphic evaluation of primary and secondary lymphedema using radioactive tracers.

lymphangiotomy
(lim-fan″je-ot´ә-me) incision of a lymphatic vessel.

lymphangitis
(lim″fan-ji´tis) inflammation of a lymphatic vessel.

lymphapheresis
(lim″fә-fә-re´sis) lymphocytapheresis.

lymphatic
(lim-fat´ik) pertaining to lymph or to a lymphatic vessel. lymphatic vessel.

lymphatic ducts
the two large vessels into which all lymphatic vessels converge. See right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct.