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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


spodography
Synonym: microincineration. ... Origin: G. Spodos, ashes, + grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spodophorous
Removing or carrying off waste materials from the body. ... Origin: G. Spodos, ashes, + phoros, bearing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spodoptera
A genus of owlet moths of the family noctuidae. These insects are used in molecular biology studies during all stages of their life cycle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spoil
1. That which is taken from another by violence; especially, the plunder taken from an enemy; pillage; booty. 'Gentle gales, Fanning their odouriferous wings, dispense Native perfumes, and whisper whence they stole Those balmy spoils.' (Milton) ... 2. Public offices and their emoluments regarded as the peculiar property of a successful party or fact …

spoke-shave
Synonym for ring-knife ... A circular or oval ring with internal cutting edge, on the model of the carpenter's spoke-shave, for shaving off tumours in the nasal and other cavities. ... Synonym: spoke-shave. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spokein
<protein> Constituent protein of the radial spokes of the ciliary axoneme. Since a number of complementary spoke mutants are known to occur in Chlamydomonas and one mutant lacks 17 proteins, it seems likely that spokein is a complex mixture. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spoliation
1. The act of plundering; robbery; deprivation; despoliation. 'Legal spoliation, which will impoverish one part of the community in order to corrupt the remainder.' (Sir G. C. Lewis) ... 2. Robbery or plunder in war; especially, the authorised act or practice of plundering neutrals at sea. ... 3. The act of an incumbent in taking the fruits of his be …

spondaic
Relating to spondee. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondee
A bisyllabic word with generally equivalent stress on each of the two syllables; used in the testing of speech hearing. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Spondweni virus
An arbovirus of the genus Flavivirus isolated from mosquitoes in Africa; may cause disease in humans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondyl-
See: spondylo-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylalgia
Pain in the spine. ... Origin: spondyl-+ G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylarthritis
Inflammation of the intervertebral articulations. ... Origin: spondyl-+ G. Arthron, joint, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylarthrocace
Synonym: tuberculous spondylitis. ... Synonym: Rust's disease. ... Origin: spondyl-+ G. Arthron, joint, + kake, badness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylitic
Relating to spondylitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the vertebrae. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spondylitis deformans
Arthritis and osteitis deformans involving the spinal column; marked by nodular deposits at the edges of the intervertebral disks with ossification of the ligaments and bony ankylosis of the intervertebral articulations, it results in a rounded kyphosis with rigidity. ... Synonym: Bechterew's disease, poker back, Strumpell's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

spondylitis, ankylosing
The form of rheumatoid arthritis affecting the spine. It occurs predominantly in young males and produces pain and stiffness as a result of inflammation of the sacroiliac, intervertebral, and costovertebral joints. Aetiology is unknown. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spondylo-
The vertabrae. ... Origin: G. Spondylos, vertebra ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylocace
Synonym: tuberculous spondylitis. ... Synonym: Rust's disease. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Kake, badness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia
<radiology> Autosomal dominant, retinal detachment to blindness findings: delay in ossification, vertebral bodies: decreased height, anterior hypoplasia at T-L jx, incompletely ossified odontoid process, supernumerary epihyseal ossification centres of metacarpals (especially 1st, 2nd) to excessive elongation (also in cleidocranial dysostosis) …

spondyloepiphysial dysplasia
A group of conditions characterised by growth insufficiency of the vertebral column, with flattening of vertebrae, and often involving the epiphyses at the hip and shoulder; results in dwarfism of the short trunk type, often also with short extremities, sometimes with other malformations; types with dominant, recessive [, and X-linked recessive inh …

spondylolisthesis
Forward movement of one building block of the spine (vertebra) in relation to an adjacent vertebra. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spondylolisthetic
Relating to or marked by spondylolisthesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylolisthetic pelvis
A pelvis whose brim is more or less occluded by a forward dislocation of the body of the lower lumbar vertebra. ... Synonym: Prague pelvis, Rokitansky's pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylolysis
Dissolution of a vertebra, especially the pars interarticularis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spondylomalacia
Softening of vertebrae with multiple collapsed vertebral bodies. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Malakia, softness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylopathy
Any disease of the vertebrae or spinal column. ... Synonym: rachiopathy. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondyloptosis
Synonym: spondylolisthesis. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylopyosis
Suppurative inflammation of one or more of the vertebral bodies. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Pyosis, suppuration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondyloschisis
Embryologic failure of fusion of vertebral arch. ... See: spina bifida. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Schisis, fissure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylosis
Ankylosis of the vertebra; often applied non-specifically to any lesion of the spine of a degenerative nature. ... Origin: G. Spondylos, vertebra ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylosyndesis
Synonym: spinal fusion. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Syndesis, binding together ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylothoracic
Relating to the vertebra and the thorax. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylotomy
Synonym: laminectomy. ... Origin: spondylo-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spondylous
Relating to a vertebra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sponge
1. <zoology> Any one of numerous species of Spongiae, or Porifera. ... 2. The elastic fibrous skeleton of many species of horny Spongiae (keratosa), used for many purposes, especially the varieties of the genus Spongia. The most valuable sponges are found in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, and on the coasts of Florida and the West Indies.
sponge biopsy
Abrasion of a lesion with a suitable sponge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sponge tent
Synonym for compressed sponge ... A sponge is impregnated with thin mucilage of acacia, wrapped with twine to the desired shape, and then dried; used to dilate sinuses, the os uteri, etc. By absorbing moisture after insertion. ... Synonym: sponge tent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongia
Synonym: sponge. ... Origin: G. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongiae
<zoology> The grand division of the animal kingdom which includes the sponges. ... Synonym: Spongida, Spongiaria, Spongiozoa, and Porifera. ... In the Spongiae, the soft sarcode of the body is usually supported by a skeleton consisting of horny fibres, or of silleceous or calcareous spicules. The common sponges contain larger and smaller caviti …

spongiform
Synonym for spongy ... 1. Soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture; as, a spongy excrescence; spongy earth; spongy cake; spongy bones. ... 2. Wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like sponge; rainy. 'Spongy April.' ... 3. Having the quality of imbibing fluids, like a sponge. ... <chemistry> Spongy lead, sponge lead. See Sponge. S …

spongiform encephalopathies
A group of diseases characterised by long incubation and fatal progressive course with characteristic spongiform degeneration of grey matter of the cortex. The two main human diseases are kuru and Creutzfeldt Jakob disease. Diseases such as scrapie, mink encephalopathy and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) are considered to be similar. Controv …

spongiform encephalopathy
An encephalopathy characterised by vacuolation within nerve and glial cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongio-
Sponge, sponglike, spongy. ... Origin: G. Spongia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongioblast
Cell found in developing nervous system: gives rise to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spongioblastoma
<tumour> 1. A glioma consisting of cells (elongated, spindle-shaped, and sometimes pleomorphic, with one or two fibrillary processes) that resemble the embryonic spongioblasts, occurring normally around the neural canal of the human embryo; it grows relatively slowly, usually originating in the brainstem, optic chiasm, or infundibulum, and in …

spongiocyte
Lipid droplet rich cells from the middle region of the cortex of the adrenal gland. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spongioid
Synonym: spongy. ... Origin: spongio-+ G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongiose
Resembling or characteristic of a sponge. ... Origin: L. Spongiosus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongiosis
Inflammatory intercellular oedema of the epidermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongiositis
Inflammation of the corpus spongiosum, or corpus cavernosum urethrae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongy
1. Soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture; as, a spongy excrescence; spongy earth; spongy cake; spongy bones. ... 2. Wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like sponge; rainy. 'Spongy April.' ... 3. Having the quality of imbibing fluids, like a sponge. ... <chemistry> Spongy lead, sponge lead. See Sponge. Spongy platinum. See Pl …

spongy body of penis
Synonym for corpus spongiosum penis ... The median column of erectile tissue located between and ventral to the two corpora cavernosa penis; posteriorly it expands into the bulbus penis and anteriorly it terminates as the enlarged glans penis; it is traversed by the urethra. ... Synonym: corpus cavernosum urethrae, spongy body of penis. ... Corpus spo …

spongy bone
A turbinated bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongy degeneration
<radiology> (Canavan disease) ... dysmyelinating disease, autosomal recessive, onset at 2 - 9 months, megalencephaly, (Alexander disease only other degenerative neurological disease in infants with big head!), blindness with or without deafness, hypotonia may lead to spasticity, Diagnosis: brain biopsy, centrum semiovale most severely affected …

spongy degeneration of infancy
Synonym for Canavan's disease ... Autosomal recessive degenerative disease of infancy; mostly in Jewish infants; onset typically within first 3-4 months of birth, consisting of blindness, psychomotor regression, enlarged head, optic atrophy, hypotonia, spasticity, increased N-acetylaspartic acid urinary excretion. MRI shows enlarged brain, decreased …

spongy parenchyma
Tissue usually found in the lower part of the leaf mesophyll. Consists of irregularly shaped, photosynthetic parenchyma cells, separated by large air spaces. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spongy part of the male urethra
Synonym for spongy urethra ... The portion of the male urethra, about 15 cm in length, which traverses the corpus spongiosum. ... Synonym: pars spongiosa urethrae masculinae, pars cavernosa, penile urethra, spongy part of the male urethra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongy spot
Synonym for vascular zone ... An area in the external acoustic meatus where a number of minute blood vessels enter from the mastoid bone. ... Synonym: spongy spot, zona vasculosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongy substance
Synonym for substantia spongiosa ... Bone in which the spicules or trabeculae form a three-dimensional latticework (cancellus) with the interstices filled with embryonal connective tissue or bone marrow. ... Synonym: substantia trabecularis, cancellous bone, spongy bone, spongy substance, trabecular bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spongy urethra
The portion of the male urethra, about 15 cm in length, which traverses the corpus spongiosum. ... Synonym: pars spongiosa urethrae masculinae, pars cavernosa, penile urethra, spongy part of the male urethra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneity
Origin: Cf. F. Spontaneite. ... 1. The quality or state of being spontaneous, or acting from native feeling, proneness, or temperament, without constraint or external force. 'Romney Leigh, who lives by diagrams, And crosses not the spontaneities Of all his individual, personal life With formal universals.' (Mrs. Browning) ... 2. <biology> The t …

spontaneous
1. Proceding from natural feeling, temperament, or disposition, or from a native internal proneness, readiness, or tendency, without constraint; as, a spontaneous gift or proportion. ... 2. Proceeding from, or acting by, internal impulse, energy, or natural law, without external force; as, spontaneous motion; spontaneous growth. ... 3. Produced witho …

spontaneous abortion
The sudden unplanned evacuation of the uterus. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

spontaneous agglutination
The non-specific clumping of organisms in saline related to lack of polar groups in electrolyte solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous amputation
Amputation as the result of a pathologic process rather than external trauma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous breech extraction
Delivery of a foetus in the breech presentation without extraction by the obstetrician. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous cephalic delivery
Unassisted expulsion of a foetus that presents by the head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous combustion
A circumstance where a substance or organism takes fire and burns without an exogenous source. Spontaneous human combustion differs from preternatural human combustibility in that in the latter, some spark or trivial flame sets the fire and the body tissues, which have a greatly enhanced inflammability, continue to undergo incineration without any …

spontaneous emission
<radiobiology> Radiation randomly emitted by excited atoms or ions. Contrast with stimulated emission. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

spontaneous evolution
The unaided delivery of the foetus from a transverse lie. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous fracture
A fracture occurring without any external injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous gangrene of newborn
Gangrene due to vascular occlusion of unknown cause, usually in marasmic or dehydrated infants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous generation
The obsolete hypothesis that living organisms can originate from nonliving matter. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

spontaneous mutation
A mutation which occurs by itself without first being affected by a mutagen, for example during the process of DNA replication. Spontaneous mutations arise at a remarkably constant rate. The rate that spontaneous mutations arise has been used as an evolutionary clock to estimate how closely related two (or more) separate species are to each other.< …

spontaneous osteolysis
<radiology> Several syndromes of vanishing bones: (Cf: rapid demineralization), idiopathic hereditary osteolysis, autosomal dominant, manifest in early childhood, carpals and tarsals involved first, autosomal-recessive carpal and tarsal osteolysis, idiopathic osteolysis with nephropathy, carpals, tarsals, adjacent tubular bones involved, azot …

spontaneous phagocytosis
Phagocytosis occurring when a culture of bacteria is brought in contact with washed leukocytes in an indifferent medium, such as a physiologic salt solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous pneumothorax
A sudden collapse of the lung that occurs as the result of a tear in the lung tissue. May be seen after strenuous activity, coughing or straining. Thin males are at greatest risk for this disorder. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

spontaneous process
<chemistry> A process that occurs without outside intervention. Spontaneity is independent of rate. To be spontaneous a process must increase the entropy of the universe. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

spontaneous recovery
The return of the conditioned response, after apparent extinction, in the presence of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus also being present. ... See: classical conditioning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spontaneous transformation
Transformation of a cultured cell that occurs without the deliberate addition of a transforming agent. Cells from some species, especially rodents, are particularly prone to such spontaneous transformation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spontaneous version
Turning of the foetus effected by the unaided contraction of the uterine muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spool
A piece of cane or red with a knot at each end, or a hollow cylinder of wood with a ridge at each end, used to wind thread or yarn upon. Spool stand, an article holding spools of thread, turning on pins, used by women at their work. ... Origin: OE. Spole, OD. Spoele, D. Spoel; akin to G. Spule, OHG. Spuola, Dan. & Sw. Spole. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

spoon
1. An implement consisting of a small bowl (usually a shallow oval) with a handle, used especially in preparing or eating food. ''Therefore behoveth him a full long spoon That shall eat with a fiend,' thus heard I say.' (Chaucer) 'He must have a long spoon that must eat with the devil.' (Shak) ... 2. Anything which resembles a spoon in shape; especi …

spoon nail
Synonym for koilonychia ... <clinical sign> Dystrophy of the fingernails, sometimes associated with iron deficiency anaemia, in which they are thin and concave, with the edges raises. ... Synonym: spoon nail. ... (15 Nov 1997) ...

spoonbill
<ornithology> Any one of several species of wading birds of the genera Ajaja and Platalea, and allied genera, in which the long bill is broadly expanded and flattened at the tip. ... The roseate spoonbill of America (Ajaja ajaja), and the European spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) are the best known. The royal spoonbill (P. Regia) of Australia i …

sporadic
Neither endemic nor epidemic, occurring occasionally in a random or isolated manner. ... Origin: Gr. Sporadikos = scattered, L. Sporadicus ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis
A disease of cattle caused by the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci and characterised by fever, depression, excessive salivation, diarrhoea, anorexia, and incoordination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporadic bovine leukosis
A rare disease of cattle less than 3 years of age, of unknown cause, characterised by the development of lymphosarcoma; three clinicopathological forms are recognised: calf or juvenile form, thymic form, and cutaneous form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporadin
Gamont stage of a gregarine parasite after it has lost its epimerite or mucron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporadotrichina
A suborder of ciliate protozoa having a body that is commonly oval to elliptical in shape. most species are free-living in widely diverse habitats. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sporangiophore
The stalk of a sporangium. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sporangium
<plant biology> Spore case, within which asexual spores are produced. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spore
<plant biology> Highly resistant dehydrated form of reproductive cell produced under conditions of environmental stress. ... Usually have very resistant cell walls (integument) and low metabolic rate until activated. Bacterial spores may survive quite extraordinary extremes of temperature, dehydration or chemical insult. Gives rise to a new in …

spore germination protease
<enzyme> Isolated from baccilus. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

spore photoproduct lyase
<enzyme> A 40-kD polypeptide that shows regional amino acid sequence homology to DNA photolyases; involved in repair of uv radiation-induced DNA damage during spore germination ... Registry number: EC 4.1.99.- ... Synonym: sp lyase, spl protein, spl gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

spores
The reproductive elements of lower organisms, such as protozoa, fungi, and cryptogamic plants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spores, bacterial
Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera bacillus and clostridium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spores, fungal
Reproductive bodies produced by fungi. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...