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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

staphylodermatitis
Inflammation of the skin due to the action of staphylococci. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphylodialysis
Synonym: uvuloptosis. ... Origin: staphylo-+ G. Dialysis, a separation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphylohemia
Synonym for staphylococcaemia ... The presence of staphylococci in the circulating blood. ... Synonym: staphylohemia. ... Origin: staphylo-+ G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphylohemolysin
A mixture of haemolysins (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta), included in staphylococcal exotoxin; the a haemolysin has a marked effect on vascular muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphylokinase
<enzyme> That is released by Staphylococcus aureus that acts as a plasminogen activator. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

staphylolysin
1. A haemolysin elaborated by a staphylococcus. ... 2. An antibody causing lysis of staphylococci. ... Synonym: staphylococcolysin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphyloma
<clinical sign, ophthalmology> A protrusion of any part of the globe of the eye; as, a staphyloma of the cornea. ... Origin: L, fr. Gr, fr. A bunch of grapes. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

staphylopharyngorrhaphy
Surgical repair of defects in the uvula or soft palate and the pharynx. ... Synonym: palatopharyngorrhaphy. ... Origin: staphylo-+ pharynx + G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphyloplegia
Synonym for palatoplegia ... Paralysis of the muscles of the soft palate. ... Synonym: staphyloplegia. ... Origin: palato-+ G. Plege, stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphyloptosis
Synonym: uvuloptosis. ... Origin: staphylo-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphylorrhaphy
Synonym: palatorrhaphy. ... Origin: staphylo-+ G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staphylotoxin
The toxin elaborated by any species of Staphylococcus. ... See: staphylohemolysin. ... Origin: staphylo-+ G. Toxikon, poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

staple
1. A settled mart; an emporium; a city or town to which merchants brought commodities for sale or exportation in bulk; a place for wholesale traffic. 'The customs of Alexandria were very great, it having been the staple of the Indian trade.' (Arbuthnot) 'For the increase of trade and the encouragement of the worthy burgesses of Woodstock, her majes …

stapling
Use of a stapling device that unites two tissues, such as the two ends of bowel, by applying a row or circle of staples. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

star
To set or adorn with stars, or bright, radiating bodies; to bespangle; as, a robe starred with gems. 'A sable curtain starred with gold.' ... Origin: Starred; Starring. ... 1. One of the innumerable luminous bodies seen in the heavens; any heavenly body other than the sun, moon, comets, and nebulae. 'His eyen twinkled in his head aright, As do the st …

starch
<biochemistry> Storage carbohydrate of plants, consisting of amylose (a linear _(1-4) glucan) and amylopectin (an _(1-4) glucan with _(1-6) branch points). Present as starch grains in plastids, especially in amyloplasts and chloroplasts. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

starch equivalent
The amount of oxygen consumed in the combustion of a given weight of fat as compared with that consumed in the combustion of an equal weight of starch; the figure is about 2.38, that for starch being taken as 1. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starch gum
Synonym for dextrin ... <chemistry> A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc, and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieti …

starch sugar
See: d-glucose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starch synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the transfer of glucose from adpglucose to glucose-containing polysaccharides in 1,4-alpha-linkages. ... Chemical name: ADPglucose:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.21 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

starch-eating
Synonym for amylophagia ... A morbid craving for starch. ... Synonym: starch-eating. ... Origin: amylo-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starch-iodine test
A test for sweating in which iodine in oil is painted on the skin, followed by dusting with a starch powder which turns blue-black in the presence of iodine and moisture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starcraft
Synonym for astrology ... <study> In its etymological signification, the science of the stars; among the ancients, synonymous with astronomy; subsequently, the art of judging of the influences of the stars upon human affairs, and of foretelling events by their position and aspects. ... Astrology was much in vogue during the Middle Ages, and bec …

stare
1. To look with fixed eyes wide open, as through fear, wonder, surprise, impudence, etc.; to fasten an earnest and prolonged gaze on some object. ... 2. To be very conspicuous on account of size, prominence, colour, or brilliancy; as, staring windows or colours. ... 3. To stand out; to project; to bristle. ... Synonym: To gaze, to look earnestly. ... ( …

starfire tokamak
<radiobiology> A conceptual design study of a modular tokamak reactor that operates in a steady-state condition while using conventional power-generating systems. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

starfish
1. <zoology> Any one of numerous species of echinoderms belonging to the class Asterioidea, in which the body is star-shaped and usually has five rays, though the number of rays varies from five to forty or more. The rays are often long, but are sometimes so short as to appear only as angles to the disklike body. ... The ophiuroids are also so …

Stargardt, Karl
<person> German ophthalmologist, 1875-1927. ... See: Stargardt's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stargardt's disease
Fundus flavimaculatus initiated with atrophic macular lesions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stargaser
1. One who gazes at the stars; an astrologer; sometimes, in derision or contempt, an astronomer. ... 2. <zoology> Any one of several species of spiny-rayed marine fishes belonging to Uranoscopus, Astroscopus, and allied genera, of the family Uranoscopidae. ... The common species of the Eastern United States are Astroscopus anoplus, and Astrosco …

stark
1. Stiff; rigid. 'Whose senses all were straight benumbed and stark.' (Spenser) 'His heart gan wax as stark as marble stone.' (Spenser) 'Many a nobleman lies stark and stiff Under the hoofs of vaunting enemies.' (Shak) 'The north is not so stark and cold.' (B. Jonson) ... 2. Complete; absolute; full; perfect; entire. 'Consider the stark security The …

stark effect
<radiobiology> The effect an electric field has on the spectral lines emitted from excited atoms. ... The effect may arise from externally-applied electric fields, from internal fields due to the presence of neighboring ions or atoms (pressure), or from the electric field associated with the Lorentz (v cross B) force (motional stark effect). S …

starling
1. <ornithology> Any passerine bird belonging to Sturnus and allied genera. The European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is dark brown or greenish black, with a metallic gloss, and spotted with yellowish white. It is a sociable bird, and builds about houses, old towers, etc. Called also stare, and starred. The pied starling of India is Sternopast …

Starling, Ernest
<person> English physiologist, 1866-1927. ... See: Starling's curve, Starling's hypothesis, Starling's law, Starling's reflex, Frank-Starling curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Starling's curve
A graph in which cardiac output or stroke volume is plotted against mean atrial or ventricular end-diastolic pressure; with increasing venous return and atrial pressure the output proportionately increases until further increments overload the heart and the output falls. ... Synonym: Frank-Starling curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Starling's hypothesis
The principle that net filtration through capillary membranes is proportional to the transmembrane hydrostatic pressure difference minus the transmembrane oncotic pressure difference; although well established, it is called Starling's hypothesis to distinguish it from Starling's law of the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Starling's law
Synonym for law of the heart ... The energy liberated by the heart when it contracts is a function of the length of its muscle fibres at the end of diastole. ... Synonym: Starling's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Starling's reflex
Tapping the volar surfaces of the fingers causes flexion of the fingers; analogous to Rossolimo's reflex, for the toes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starn
<ornithology> The European starling. ... (26 Nov 1998) ...

Starr-Edwards valve
A cage and ball artificial cardiac valve with high reliability and durability. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Starr, Albert
<person> U.S. Physician, *1926. ... See: Starr-Edwards valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starry
1. Abounding with stars; adorned with stars. 'Above the starry sky.' ... 2. Consisting of, or proceeding from, the stars; stellar; stellary; as, starry light; starry flame. 'Do not Christians and Heathens, Jews and Gentiles, poets and philosophers, unite in allowing the starry influence?' (Sir W. Scott) ... 3. Shining like stars; sparkling; as, starr …

start
1. To leap; to jump. ... 2. To move suddenly, as with a spring or leap, from surprise, pain, or other sudden feeling or emotion, or by a voluntary act. 'And maketh him out of his sleep to start.' (Chaucer) 'I start as from some dreadful dream.' (Dryden) 'Keep your soul to the work when ready to start aside.' (I. Watts) 'But if he start, It is the fl …

start codon
Synonym for initiation codon ... The codon 5' AUG in mRNA, at which polypeptide synthesis is started. It is recognised by formylmethionyl tRNA in bacteria and by methionyl tRNA in eukaryotes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

starter
Synonym for primer ... Short pre-existing polynucleotide chain towhich new deoxyribonucleotides can be added by DNA polymerase. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

starter tRNA
Synonym for initiation tRNA ... TRNA in prokaryotes containing a formyl-methionyl residue that initiates translation. ... Synonym: formyl-methionyl-tRNA, starter tRNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starting friction
The force that must be overcome to initiate the motion of one body relative to another because they have been resting in contact. ... Compare: dynamic friction. ... Synonym: static friction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

startle epilepsy
A form of reflex epilepsy precipitated by sudden noises. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

startle reaction
A complex involuntary response to an unexpected strong stimulus usually auditory in nature. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

startle reflex
The reflex response of an infant (contraction of the limb and neck muscles) when allowed to drop a short distance through the air or startled by a sudden noise or jolt. ... Synonym: Moro reflex, parachute reflex, startle reaction. ... Synonym: cochleopalpebral reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starvation
Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

starvation acidosis
Ketoacidosis resulting from lack of food intake, leading to fat catabolism to provide energy, releasing acidic ketone bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starvation diabetes
After prolonged fasting, glycosuria following the ingestion of carbohydrate or glucose because of reduced output of insulin and/or reduced rate of glucose metabolism with a reduced ability to form glycogen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

starve
1. To destroy with cold. 'From beds of raging fire, to starve in ice Their soft ethereal warmth.' (Milton) ... 2. To kill with hunger; as, maliciously to starve a man is, in law, murder. ... 3. To distress or subdue by famine; as, to starvea garrison into a surrender. 'Attalus endeavored to starve Italy by stopping their convoy of provisions from Afr …

Stas-Otto method
A method of extraction of alkaloids from plants and animal bodies: the substance is digested in alcohol and tartaric acid, the fatty and resinous matters are precipitated with water, the fluid is made alkaline, and the alkaloids are extracted with ether or chloroform. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stas, Jean-Servais
<person> Belgian chemist, 1813-1891. ... See: Stas-Otto method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stasimorphia
Deformity due to arrested development. ... Origin: G. Stasis, a standing still, + morphe, shape ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stasis
A word termination indicating the maintenance of (or maintaining) a constant level, preventing increase or multiplication. ... Origin: Gr. = a standing still ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stasis cirrhosis
Synonym for cardiac cirrhosis ... An extensive fibrotic reaction within the liver as a result of chronic constrictive pericarditis or prolonged congestive heart failure; true cirrhosis with fibrous bridging of lobules is unusual. ... Synonym: cardiac liver, congestive cirrhosis, pseudocirrhosis, stasis cirrhosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stasis dermatitis
Erythema and scaling of the lower extremities due to impaired venous circulation, seen commonly in older women or secondary to deep vein thrombosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stasis eczema
Eczematous eruption on legs due to or aggravated by vascular stasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stasis ulcer
Synonym for varicose ulcer ... Ulcer due to varicose veins. Chronic venous insufficiency in the deep veins of the legs leads to shunting the venous return into the superficial veins, in which pressure and flow rate, as well as oxygen content, are increased. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

STAT
A common medical abbreviation which is used to imply urgent or rush. It is derived from a latin word statim which means immediately. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Stat5a serine kinase
<enzyme> Do not confuse with stat5a protein ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

statampere
The electrostatic unit of current; the flow of 1 electrostatic unit of charge (1 statcoulomb) per second; equal to 3.335641 &times; 10-10 ampere. ... Origin: G. Statos, standing (stationary), + ampere ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

statcoulomb
The electrostatic unit of charge, such that two objects, each carrying such a charge and separated (centre to centre) by 1 cm in a vacuum, will repel each other with a force of 1 dyne (or 10-5 newton); equal to 3.335641 &times; 10-10 coulomb. ... Origin: G. Statos, standing (stationary), + coulomb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

state
<chemistry> The condition of the system at a given time, it is usually defined by an equation which is called an equation of state. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

state dentistry
Control, direction and financing of the total dental care of the population by a national government. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

state function
<chemistry> A property that is independent of the pathway, this function can be used to define or specify the state of the system. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

state government
The complex of political institutions, laws, and customs through which the function of governing the state is carried out (u.s. Only). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

state health plans
State plans prepared by the state health planning and development agencies which are made up from plans submitted by the health systems agencies and subject to review and revision by the statewide health coordinating council. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

state hospital
A hospital supported in part by taxpayers and administered by state government officials. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

state implementation plan
A state plan required by the Clean Air act to bring nonattainment areas into compliance with federal ambient air quality standards. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

state medicine
A system of medical care regulated, controlled and financed by the government, in which the government assumes responsibility for the health needs of the population. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

state-dependent learning
Learning during a specific state of sleep or wakefulness, or during a chemically altered state, where retrieval of learned information (e.g., as measured by performance of a learned response) cannot be demonstrated unless the subject is restored to the state that originally existed during learning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

statfarad
An electrostatic unit of capacitance, equal to 1.112650 &times; 10-12 farad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stathenry
An electrostatic unit of inductance, equal to 8.987552 &times; 1011 henries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stathmin
<protein> Ubiquitous, highly conserved, intracellular protein of 149 residues that is phosphorylated as part of several intracellular second messenger pathways. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stathmokinesis
Condition of arrested mitosis after treatment with an agent, such as colchicine, which effectively alters the mitotic spindle to prevent typical rearrangement of the chromosomes preceding cell division. ... Origin: G. Stathmos, standing place, + kinesis, motion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static arthropathy
Secondary involvement of a joint following disease in a joint of the same extremity; e.g., knee or ankle involvement in hip disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static ataxia
Inability to preserve equilibrium while standing, due to loss of myesthesia; present during the resting state. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static bone cyst
Synonym for lingual salivary gland depression ... An indentation on the lingual surface of the mandible within which a portion of the submandibular gland lies; it appears radiographically as a sharply circumscribed ovoid radiolucency between the mandibular canal and the inferior border of the posterior mandible. ... Synonym: Stafne bone cyst, static …

static compliance
The value obtained when compliance is measured at true equilibrium, i.e., in the absence of any motion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static friction
Synonym for starting friction ... The force that must be overcome to initiate the motion of one body relative to another because they have been resting in contact. ... Compare: dynamic friction. ... Synonym: static friction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static gangrene
Moist gangrene due to obstruction in the return circulation. ... Synonym: venous gangrene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static hysteresis
The difference in the value reached by a dependent variable at a particular constant value of the independent variable, depending on whether the latter value had been approached from above or below; e.g., in measuring the pressure volume relations of the lungs, if one completely expires and then inspires to a particular volume and holds it constant …

static infantilism
A condition observed in young children resembling spastic spinal paralysis; it is marked by hypotonia of the muscles of the trunk and hypertonia of the muscles of the extremities. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static perimetry
Determination of the visual field by using test objects at fixed positions and gradually increasing luminance to the threshold of visibility. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static reflexes
Synonym for postural reflex ... Responses that control the position of the trunk and extremities. ... See: righting reflexes. ... Synonym: static reflexes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static refraction
Refraction without accommodation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static relations
Relationship between two parts that are not in motion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static scoliosis
Lateral curvature of the spine due to inequality in length of the legs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static sense
Synonym for sense of equilibrium ... The sense that makes possible a normal physiologic posture. ... Synonym: static sense. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static system
That part of the neuromuscular system whereby the animal organism is maintained in posture and equilibrium, and counteracts the forces of gravity and atmospheric pressure; distinguished from the kinetic system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

static tremor
Synonym for postural tremor ... Tremor present when the limbs or trunk are kept in certain positions and when they are moved actively, usually due to near-synchronous rhythmic bursts in opposing muscle groups. ... Synonym: static tremor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

statical
1. Resting; acting by mere weight without motion; as, statical pressure; static objects. ... 2. Pertaining to bodies at rest or in equilibrium. Statical electricity. See Note under Electricity. Statical moment. See Moment. ... Origin: Gr. Causing to stand, skilled in weighing, fr. To cause to stand: cf. F. Statique. See Stand, and cf. Stage. ... Sourc …

statics
That branch of mechanics which treats of the equilibrium of forces, or relates to bodies as held at rest by the forces acting on them; distinguished from dynamics. Social statics, the study of the conditions which concern the existence and permanence of the social state. ... Origin: Cf. F. Statique, Gr. The art of weighing, fr. See Static. ... Source …

statim
at once; immediately. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

statins
Synonym for releasing factors ... Hormones produced by the hypothalamus whichstimulate the release of other hormones in the pituitary gland. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

station
1. The act of standing; also, attitude or pose in standing; posture. 'A station like the herald, Mercury.' (Shak) 'Their manner was to stand at prayer, whereupon their meetings unto that purpose . . . Had the names of stations given them.' (Hooker) ... 2. A state of standing or rest; equilibrium. 'All progression is performed by drawing on or impell …

station test
Synonym for Romberg's sign ... <clinical sign> With feet approximated, the patient stands with eyes open and then closed; if closing the eyes increases the unsteadiness, a loss of proprioceptive control is indicated, and the sign is positive. ... Synonym: Romberg test, Romberg's symptom, rombergism, station test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...